CN203782045U - Villages-small-towns household garbage treatment device - Google Patents

Villages-small-towns household garbage treatment device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN203782045U
CN203782045U CN201420068494.2U CN201420068494U CN203782045U CN 203782045 U CN203782045 U CN 203782045U CN 201420068494 U CN201420068494 U CN 201420068494U CN 203782045 U CN203782045 U CN 203782045U
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China
Prior art keywords
aerobic
reaction pond
acidification reaction
anaerobic reactor
villages
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Withdrawn - After Issue
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CN201420068494.2U
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王小曼
王仁祥
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QINGDAO JIMAN NEW ENERGY TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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QINGDAO JIMAN NEW ENERGY TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/20Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

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  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

The utility model discloses a villages-small-towns household garbage treatment device. The treatment device comprises a high-temperature curing reaction tank, an aerobic and acidification reaction tank and an anaerobic reactor; wherein the high-temperature curing reaction tank, the aerobic and acidification reaction tank and the anaerobic reactor are all located below the ground and sequentially connected to form a stair-shaped channel from highest to lowest and the automatic ordered operation of composting, acidification and fermentation processes is achieved. According to the treatment device disclosed by the utility model, since the aerobic biological treatment is organically combined with the anaerobic biological treatment and the degradation of organic matter is divided into three ordered processes, namely, composting, acidification and fermentation, the degradation rate is accelerated and the harmless and resourceful treatments of the household garbage are achieved.

Description

The treatment unit of a kind of villages and small towns domestic refuse
Technical field
The utility model relates to the treatment unit of a kind of villages and small towns domestic refuse.
Background technology
In the < < life in the countryside pollution prevention technique policy > > of People's Republic of China's Environmental Protection Department issue ([2010] No. 20 2010-02-08 of environment-development implement), life in the countryside rubbish is proposed to five kinds of disposal options, be respectively to encourage categorized consumer waste to collect, the rubbish such as metal, glass, plastics are recycled; The independent collection and treatment of Hazardous wastes is disposed.The rural area of cities and towns periphery and environmental sensitive area, can dispose domestic refuse by the urban-rural integration mode treatment of " family classification, village's collection, town transhipment, counties and cities process ".To including the life in the countryside rubbish of townm refuse treatment system in, on categorised collection basis, adopt the technology such as inorganic refuse landfill disposal, organic waste compost treatment.The inorganic refuses such as brick and tile, dregs, cleaning ash, can be used as the materials'uses such as the discarded swag landfill in rural area, road pad soil.Organic waste should mix and carry out static compost processing with the agricultural waste such as stalk, straw, or the hybrid composting such as the mud producing with ight soil, sewage disposal and natural pond slag; Also ight soil be can sneak into, family use, joint household methane-generating pit anaerobically fermenting entered.
At present, the villages and small towns domestic rubbish disposal in the most areas of China substantially adopts and focuses on and 2 kinds of patterns of dispersion treatment.The pattern that focuses on brings administrative areas at the county level into a unified domestic rubbish disposal system by collection, transportation, transport network system in saving in, and treatment process is landfill and burning.Dispersion treatment can be divided into again the processing of territory, town and territory, village is processed two kinds.Process by transporting between village's collection, villages and small towns in territory, town, by town treatment station is unified, processes, and processing mode is landfill, and only a few adopts composting mode; Landfill and burning disposal are carried out after processing and collecting on the spot in territory, village, generally take to stack nearby, fill out hole, fill out ditch, the way of open incineration.
Due to restriction geographical, economic dispatch aspect factor, service range is limited, and garbage transporting expense, landfill yard investment cost and running cost are high, only have the villages and small towns domestic refuse in the economically developed region of small part to take to focus on pattern, and set up corresponding receipts fortune treatment system, and those villages disperse, are located in remote, ungetable villages and small towns and do not include this cover system in.In addition, county (district, the city) tupe of disposal site adopts the method for landfill or burning more, a large amount of land occupations not only, and can cause secondary pollution to underground water and periphery living environment, have endless trouble.Country also needs to drop into a large amount of human and material resources every year, financial resources are administered, but does not reach the object of thorough improvement, and effect is all undesirable.
Consumer waste filling and embedding is the main method that current China solves domestic refuse outlet, according to environmental protection standard, judges, can be divided into simple and easy landfill yard, controlled landfill yard and sanitary filling field Three Estate.
Simple and easy landfill yard and controlled landfill yard are attenuation type landfill yard, and it inevitably can cause severe contamination to environment around.
Sanitary landfill refers to the innoxious land-fill method that can control percolate and landfill gas, but which has taken a large amount of soils, and produces a large amount of harmful gas and percolate is not easy to control, the gas of release easily blast accident and fire; Percolate is organic wastewater with high concentration, and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) (COD) concentration are high, and metal content and ammonia-nitrogen content are high, hazardous and noxious substances is many, and water quality and quantity changes greatly, and changes irregularities, unstable chemcial property, microbial nutrition is out of proportion etc.Therefore its stabilization period is longer, and sustainability is poor, and environmental risk influence time is long, can cause groundwater quality to change, very big to the toxic of surrounding enviroment and human health, hazardness and environmental pollution.In addition, landfill yard also needs to carry out long-time maintenance after filling up closing, and addressing and take new soil again.The area that is only applicable to have corresponding land resources and have good pollution control condition adopts.And need to fully utilize by multiple means such as categorized consumer waste recovery, recycling treatment, burning decrements.
Consumer waste incineration is processed the waste incineration facility processing domestic refuse referring to by special, can be divided into simple and easy incinerator, production domesticization burning facility and introduce comprehensive burning facility three classes abroad.Incineration of Household Refuse is more complicated, and project scale is larger, and operation peopleware and operation supervision level are had relatively high expectations, and construction investment and running cost are higher.Being applicable to the area that shortage of land resource, MSW heating value meet the demands adopts.
It is that the biodegradable organic constituent that is easy in domestic refuse is converted into humic fertilizer, biogas or other chemical conversion product that consumer garbage compost is processed, thereby reaches a kind for the treatment of process of domestic garbage was harmlessly treated.But fermentation period is long, nutrient content is low, and after processing, volume is large.Mainly contain at present simple and easy compost, aerobic high-heat compost and three kinds of modes of anaerobic composting.Simple and easy composting mode mainly adopts static fermentation technique, project scale is less, mechanization degree is low, investment and working cost all lower, but environmental issue is difficult to solve, and has secondary pollution.The general dynamically or half dynamic aerobic fermentation process that adopts of aerobic high-heat composting mode, project scale is relatively large, mechanization degree is higher, have more complete environmental practice, but investment and working cost are higher, floor space is larger, easily produce stench, its processing condition are more difficult control also, and compost quality also bad, product marketing is not smooth, at present aerobic high-heat dung yard is substantially in closing condition.Anaerobic composting method is under oxygen free condition, make anaerobion carry out decomposition and inversion to the organism in refuse, project scale is generally larger, mechanization degree is high, recycling rate is higher, but investment and working cost, higher than aerobic high-heat compost, have more application example abroad, the less application of China at present.
Consumer garbage compost processing mode is only applicable to process degradable organic waste, and needs strictly to classify before processing, and is not suitable for mixed consumer waste and processes.As Chinese Patent Application No. 201020049544.4 discloses a kind of sun power garbage minimization disposal facility, be to utilize solar irradiation to improve the envrionment temperature that domestic refuse is decomposed, accelerate it and decompose, realize waste reduction.Facility is provided with refuse classification chamber, difficult decompose dumping chamber and can decompose rubbish and fall and subtract chamber.Wherein can decompose rubbish and fall and subtract chamber for its main part, comprise the integral parts such as gangway, blowdown, infrared lamp, refracting glass, charcoal absorption particle.On the ground of degraded chamber, be provided with percolate letdown tank, percolate letdown tank is communicated with liquid storage pool, and the top of degraded chamber is provided with percolate return pipe pipeline, percolate can be sprayed on garbage compost body, make the rotten degree of compost rubbish even, sprinkling process is controlled by people.Operational process needs cleaning worker that the rubbish of collection is classified, and recyclable rubbish, not recyclable and difficult decomposition rubbish are arranged out, can fall the domestic refuse subtracting and pour into fall and subtract chamber and process, and comprehensive treating process amount is generally 50% left and right.
At present China's villages and small towns domestic rubbish disposal mode is mainly three kinds of landfill, burning and composting processes.
Although landfill method is simple and less investment, traffic capacity is large, land occupation is large, and secondary pollution is more serious, and potential safety hazard is large, and resource can not be recycled.
Burning method is that refuse treatment is innoxious and reduction is best, but traffic capacity is large, investment is large, and working cost is high, easily causes atmospheric pollution.
Composting process is that a physiological and biochemical procedure being participated in by natural microorganisms exists degradable fermented cycle long and to problems such as surrounding enviroment pollute, and reduces because insufficient fermentation usually causes fertilizer efficiency, and practical application is less.
Above-mentioned processing mode all can not be effected a radical cure from source living garbage pollution source, and a year processing costs increases year by year, causes heavy burden to governments at all levels' finance.
Summary of the invention
The technical problems to be solved in the utility model is to provide the treatment unit of a kind of villages and small towns domestic refuse.
For the technical problem that will solve, the technical solution adopted in the utility model is: the treatment unit of a kind of villages and small towns domestic refuse, comprises high-temperature maturing reactive tank, aerobic acidification reaction pond and anaerobic reactor;
High-temperature maturing reactive tank, aerobic acidification reaction pond and anaerobic reactor are all located at below ground, high-temperature maturing reactive tank, aerobic acidification reaction pond and anaerobic reactor are in turn connected into stepped passage from high to low, realize become thoroughly decomposed, the automatic order operation of acidifying and three technological processs of fermentation;
High-temperature maturing reactive tank is cube shaped, and several trommel screens and finned radiating pipe are equipped with in its inside, and the suitable for reading and ground of trommel screen flushes, suitable for reading airtight by well lid, during work, opens; Finned radiating pipe is evenly distributed along cell wall, and heating agent is wherein provided by pipeline by solar heat-collection plate or air energy heat collector;
Aerobic acidification reaction pond be shaped as cubes or right cylinder; Suitable for reading and the ground in aerobic acidification reaction pond flushes; The top in aerobic acidification reaction pond is provided with steel plate grid, covers toughened glass or sunlight board above steel plate grid, and toughened glass or sunlight board are airtight by aerobic acidification reaction pond; Forced ventilation mouth is reserved on top, aerobic acidification reaction pond;
Anaerobic reactor is cylindrical can shape.
As preferably, high-temperature maturing reactive tank, aerobic acidification reaction pond and anaerobic reactor are used glass-reinforced plastic material prefabricated, or adopt and lay bricks and concrete field fabrication.
As preferably, the degree of depth that high-temperature maturing reactive tank, aerobic acidification reaction pond and anaerobic reactor are located at below ground is looked day output and is determined as calculated.
As preferably, trommel screen is upright right cylinder, and bottom is connected with pillar assembly, and pillar assembly is fixed on high-temperature maturing reaction tank bottom; Trommel screen centre is vertically installed with transmission shaft, and transmission shaft top is connected with drive-motor or with hand rotary apparatus; The top of each trommel screen is provided with microbial inoculum spray header.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are:
Aerobe is processed and the organically combination of anaerobic biological treatment method, and organic degraded is divided into become thoroughly decomposed, acidifying and three orderly technological processs of fermentation, to accelerate degradation speed, thus the innoxious and recycling treatment of realization to domestic refuse.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the utility model is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the treatment unit embodiment of the utility model villages and small towns domestic refuse.
Fig. 2 is the trommel screen structural representation of the treatment unit embodiment of the utility model villages and small towns domestic refuse.
In figure, 1-high-temperature maturing reactive tank, the aerobic acidification reaction of 2-pond, 3-anaerobic reactor, 4-trommel screen, 5-motor, 6-pillar assembly, 7-first channel, 8-second passage, 9-the first recycle pump, 10-the second recycle pump, 11-radiating pipe, 12-spray header, 13-transmission shaft.
Embodiment
1, organic treating processes and principle
By the trommel screen of sending into through the organism of pulverizing in high-temperature maturing degraded groove, trommel screen can electronic or manual operation, open microbial inoculum and biochemical water sprinkling equipment spray simultaneously, because the temperature in high-temperature maturing degraded groove before operation has been modulated onto 55 ℃ of left and right, therefore, to start high-temperature maturing degradation process, simultaneously, under the effect of microbial inoculum and biochemical water, organism in high-temperature maturing degraded groove will progressively enter hydrolysis, acidifying state, and can be persistently overheating, top temperature can be upgraded to 65 ℃ of left and right.Material after ageing degrading will automatically flow into aerobic acidified degradation pond from the passage of high-temperature maturing degraded trench bottom, enters that middle temperature is become thoroughly decomposed, aerobic acidifying flow process.Material after acidifying, passage by bottom, aerobic acidified degradation pond enters in anaerobic fermentation reactor automatically, enter anaerobic fermentation process, in anaerobic fermentation process, according to the data that detect, carry out the isoparametric modulation of pH value, pH value is maintained between 6.8~7.5, to improve gas production rate and fermenting speed.After the process data of degraded is detected by proofing unit, send into computer, and carry out process control by computer.
High-temperature maturing degraded be by the organism in domestic refuse after microbial inoculum sprays, under high temperature (generally at 55 ℃) condition, become thoroughly decomposed, make microbial reproduction degraded organic, high temperature can kill pathogenic bacteria wherein, parasite (ovum) etc., thereby realize high-temperature aerobic, become thoroughly decomposed, the organism temperature in this process is higher, and microorganism active is strong, organic substance decomposing speed is fast, and degraded thoroughly.
Aerobic acidified degradation treating processes is under aerobic conditions, makes good use of oxygen animalcule and makes organic matter degradation stabilization.Microorganism, by the metabolism of self, is resolved into simple mineral compound a part of oxidation operation, as carbonic acid gas CO2, water H2O, ammonia NH3, phosphate anion PO 4 3 -, sulfate ion SO 4 2deng, therefrom obtain the needed energy of vital movement, simultaneously again the new cellular material of another part organism Synthesis, make microbial growth.Prolongation in time of its substrate and microorganism concn and reducing gradually, in the change procedure of active sludge in a kind of absorption replacing, absorption and biological degradation and activation, has improved treatment effect in groove.
It is to utilize the metabolism of anaerobion that organism is carried out to biological degradation that anaerobically fermenting is processed, and is translated into the treating processes of various organic acids, alcohol, methane CH4, hydrogen sulfide h2s, carbonic acid gas CO2, ammonia NH3, hydrogen H2 etc. and a small amount of cellular material.In this process, by manual intervention, utilize anaerobion to make the organism CH4 of being converted into as much as possible and CO2 inflammable gas and fertilizer, to realize recycling, maximize.
The present embodiment is processed aerobe and the organically combination of anaerobic biological treatment method, and organic degraded is divided into become thoroughly decomposed, acidifying and three orderly technological processs of fermentation, to accelerate degradation speed, thereby realize the innoxious and recycling treatment to domestic refuse.
2, the treating processes of inorganics
Inorganics, after garbage grinder is pulverized, is sent into stirrer together with the inorganics reclaiming, and is inserted tackiness agent by a certain percentage, after stirring, as required, by briquetting press, be pressed into difform briquetting, can be used for the construction material that ditch, weir and repairing road are used.
3, the tooling that organism is processed
As shown in Figure 1, the tooling of processing for organism is comprised of high-temperature maturing reactive tank 1, aerobic acidification reaction pond 2 and anaerobic reactor 3.
High-temperature maturing reactive tank 1 is rectangle, and several trommel screens 4 and finned radiating pipe 11 are equipped with in its inside, and its width and the degree of depth are according to required day output, and the trommel screen quantity that needs installation, determine as calculated.High-temperature maturing reactive tank 1 is located at below ground, and it is suitable for reading flushes with ground level, suitable for reading airtight by well lid, during work, opens.Finned radiating pipe is evenly distributed along cell wall, and heating agent is wherein provided by pipeline by solar heat-collection plate or air energy heat collector.High-temperature maturing reactive tank is connected with aerobic acidification reaction pond 2 by first channel 7.
The shape in aerobic acidification reaction pond 2 can select to adopt rectangle, square or circular according to practical situation.According to the day output of website, calculate required volume size.Aerobic acidification reaction pond is located at below ground equally, and it is suitable for reading flushes with ground, is provided with steel plate grid and covers toughened glass (or sunlight board) aerobic acidification reaction pond is airtight at top, and forced ventilation mouth is reserved on top.Aerobic acidification reaction pond is connected with anaerobic reactor by second passage 8.
The first recycle pump 9 is equipped with on the top in aerobic acidification reaction pond 2.The first recycle pump 9 to high temperature slaking reaction groove 1, screens required spray liquid as trommel screen by the liquid return in aerobic acidification reaction pond 2, also plays the effect of acidification pool aeration simultaneously.
Anaerobic reactor 3 is cylindrical can shape, and its volume size is passed through calculative determination according to required day output and fermentation time.Anaerobic reactor 3 is also located at below ground.
The second recycle pump 9 is equipped with on the top of anaerobic reactor 3.The second recycle pump 10 to high temperature slaking reaction groove 1, screens required spray liquid as trommel screen by the liquid return in anaerobic reactor 3, to accelerate organic degraded in trommel screen.
The first recycle pump 9 and the second recycle pump 10 are not worked simultaneously, according to processing requirement time-sharing work.
High-temperature maturing reactive tank, aerobic acidification reaction pond and anaerobic reactor are used glass-reinforced plastic material prefabricated, or employing is laid bricks and concrete field fabrication.
The degree of depth that high-temperature maturing reactive tank, aerobic acidification reaction pond and anaerobic reactor three parts are located at below ground is looked the day output of complete assembly and is determined as calculated.
High-temperature maturing reactive tank, aerobic acidification reaction pond and anaerobic reactor are stepped connection from high to low by first channel and second passage respectively, become thoroughly decomposed, the automatic order operation of acidifying and three technological processs of fermentation to realize.
The structure of trommel screen as shown in Figure 2.
Trommel screen 4 adopts stainless steel plate pressing and jointing to be made, and bottom is connected by the rotatable pillar assembly 6 of junctor and trommel screen, and pillar assembly is mainly comprised of bearing, flange and vertical shaft, and its bottom is fixed on the bottom of high-temperature maturing reactive tank.Trommel screen 4 centres are vertically installed with a transmission shaft 13, and transmission shaft top connects trommel screen drive-motor 5 by junctor.The top of each trommel screen is provided with the spray header 12 of ejection microbial inoculum.
The transmission shaft top of trommel screen also can be connected with hand rotary apparatus, so just with the rotation of manual mode head roll sieve.
The microbial inoculum that the present embodiment is used adopts commercially available commodity bacterial classification: vinelandii, cellulase, photosynthetic bacteria, zymophyte, aspergillus oryzae and pure genus bacillus pulvis are formulated, and according to process and anaerobic fermentation tank domestication process, the bacterium liquid of preparation different ratios and content.
Above-described the utility model embodiment, does not form the restriction to the utility model protection domain.Any modification of doing within spirit of the present utility model and principle, be equal to and replace and improvement etc., within all should being included in claim protection domain of the present utility model.

Claims (4)

1. a treatment unit for villages and small towns domestic refuse, is characterized in that: comprise high-temperature maturing reactive tank, aerobic acidification reaction pond and anaerobic reactor;
Described high-temperature maturing reactive tank, aerobic acidification reaction pond and anaerobic reactor are all located at below ground, and described high-temperature maturing reactive tank, aerobic acidification reaction pond and anaerobic reactor are in turn connected into stepped passage from high to low;
Described high-temperature maturing reactive tank is cube shaped, and several trommel screens and finned radiating pipe are equipped with in its inside, and the suitable for reading and ground of described trommel screen flushes, suitable for reading airtight by well lid, during work, opens; Described finned radiating pipe is evenly distributed along cell wall, and heating agent is wherein provided by pipeline by solar heat-collection plate or air energy heat collector;
Described aerobic acidification reaction pond be shaped as cubes or right cylinder; Suitable for reading and the ground in aerobic acidification reaction pond flushes; The top in aerobic acidification reaction pond is provided with steel plate grid, above described steel plate grid, covers toughened glass or sunlight board, and described toughened glass or sunlight board are airtight by aerobic acidification reaction pond; Forced ventilation mouth is reserved on top, aerobic acidification reaction pond;
Described anaerobic reactor is cylindrical can shape.
2. the treatment unit of villages and small towns as claimed in claim 1 domestic refuse, is characterized in that: described high-temperature maturing reactive tank, aerobic acidification reaction pond and anaerobic reactor are used glass-reinforced plastic material prefabricated, or employing is laid bricks and concrete field fabrication.
3. the treatment unit of villages and small towns as claimed in claim 1 domestic refuse, is characterized in that: the degree of depth that described high-temperature maturing reactive tank, aerobic acidification reaction pond and anaerobic reactor are located at below ground is looked day output and determined as calculated.
4. the treatment unit of villages and small towns as claimed in claim 1 domestic refuse, is characterized in that: described trommel screen is upright right cylinder, and bottom is connected with pillar assembly, and pillar assembly is fixed on high-temperature maturing reaction tank bottom; Trommel screen centre is vertically installed with transmission shaft, and transmission shaft top is connected with drive-motor or with hand rotary apparatus; The top of each trommel screen is provided with microbial inoculum spray header.
CN201420068494.2U 2014-02-14 2014-02-14 Villages-small-towns household garbage treatment device Withdrawn - After Issue CN203782045U (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103787699A (en) * 2014-02-14 2014-05-14 青岛吉曼新能源技术有限公司 Treatment method and treatment device of town household garbage
CN112591988A (en) * 2020-11-25 2021-04-02 贵州欧瑞欣合环保股份有限公司 Landfill leachate treatment device and landfill leachate treatment method

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103787699A (en) * 2014-02-14 2014-05-14 青岛吉曼新能源技术有限公司 Treatment method and treatment device of town household garbage
CN103787699B (en) * 2014-02-14 2016-02-24 青岛吉曼新能源技术有限公司 The treatment process of a kind of villages and small towns domestic refuse and treatment unit
CN112591988A (en) * 2020-11-25 2021-04-02 贵州欧瑞欣合环保股份有限公司 Landfill leachate treatment device and landfill leachate treatment method
CN112591988B (en) * 2020-11-25 2023-04-07 贵州欧瑞欣合环保股份有限公司 Landfill leachate treatment device and landfill leachate treatment method

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