CN203674939U - Superhigh-efficiency permanent magnet motor - Google Patents
Superhigh-efficiency permanent magnet motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN203674939U CN203674939U CN201320727448.4U CN201320727448U CN203674939U CN 203674939 U CN203674939 U CN 203674939U CN 201320727448 U CN201320727448 U CN 201320727448U CN 203674939 U CN203674939 U CN 203674939U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a superhigh-efficiency permanent magnet motor comprising a rotor part disposed around a rotating shaft and a stator part disposed around the rotor part. The rotor part comprises a rotor iron core and a plurality of permanent magnets, which are fixedly disposed on the rotor iron core and are arranged in pairs. The stator part comprises a stator iron core and a stator coil. The inner surface of the stator iron core is provided with a plurality of fingers, which are arranged at equal angular spacing, and a groove is disposed between every two adjacent fingers in a limited manner. The stator coil is disposed around the fingers. The stator coil is made of litz wires or a plurality of enamelled wires, and 60%-80% of a distance between two points of a radial center line of every two adjacent grooves is occupied by the corresponding finger therebetween, and in addition, the distance between each of the points and the center of the stator iron core along the radial direction is determined. The superhigh-efficiency permanent magnet motor has advantages of superhigh efficiency and applicability in vehicles and submarines.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates in general to magneto, more specifically, relates to efficient permanent magnet motor.
Background technology
Motor comprises generator and motor, and for example mechanical energy is changed into electric energy by the former, the latter by electric energy conversion precedent as mechanical energy.
Prior art has proposed the general-purpose machine of use permanent magnet (PM), and it has filled up the blank in high-efficiency electric motor and generator market.The high efficiency motor of use permanent magnet is designed with and helps to be devoted to save energy, says " green energy " engineering that reduces carbon trace from global point.
As known to the skilled person, the efficient permanent magnet motor of prior art mainly comprises the stationary part that the rotor portion of installing around the shaft and the subdivision that rotates are arranged.A kind of conventional rotor portion comprises turning up the soil in rotor core and space and is fixed in couples the multiple permanent magnets in the outer peripheral surface of rotor core.Conventional stationary part comprises stator core and a stator coil, and stator core has multiple finger pieces of arranging with uniform angular separation on surface therein, between every two adjacent finger pieces, limits a groove.Stator coil can be in many ways around finger arrangement, be positioned at groove.Stator coil is made up of copper cash conventionally.
In Design of PM Motor, thick copper cash contributes to reduce copper loss, and thick finger piece helps avoid magnetic saturation, thereby allows current reduction.But, the in the situation that of given other side, using thick copper cash is afoul with using thick finger piece in some sense, because thick copper cash needs large groove area conventionally, this can require finger piece thinner; Otherwise, if finger piece is thicker, can causes reducing for the groove area of copper cash, thereby copper cash used is caused to restriction.In addition, after finger piece chap, magnetic flux density declines, thereby reduces iron loss.
Therefore, routinely, in the time of design magneto, trade off for copper cash size and finger piece size, avoid using relatively thick copper cash and relative thick finger piece, to take into account efficiency and the size/weight of motor simultaneously.The highest efficiency that can only reach 92%-95% of magneto of prior art.
And, all the time, it has been generally acknowledged that higher magneto efficiency must be take larger size/weight as cost.
Utility model content
Present inventor finds unexpectedly, by a kind of design of novelty, can allow to use the wire and relative thick finger piece that total cross-sectional area is relatively large simultaneously, realizes higher efficiency thus and does not increase the size/weight of magneto.
Inventor's technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of magneto, comprise the stationary part that the rotor portion of installing around the shaft and the subdivision that rotates are arranged, rotor portion comprises rotor core and is fixed to the multiple permanent magnets that are arranged in pairs of rotor core, stationary part comprises stator core and stator coil, stator core has multiple finger pieces of arranging with uniform angular separation on surface therein, between every two adjacent finger pieces, limit a groove, stator coil is around finger arrangement, wherein, stator coil is made up of Litz wire or multiply enamelled wire, in the radial centre lines of every two adjacent grooves, radially the identical 60%-80% that gives the distance between the point of set a distance in center apart from stator core is occupied by finger piece therebetween.
For magneto of the present utility model, by making stator coil with Litz wire or multiply enamelled wire, can make total cross-sectional area of winding wire relatively large, allow the opening of the groove in stator core very little simultaneously---just allow described Litz wire or multiply enamelled wire to pass through, and allow to use relatively thick finger piece.Because, compared with the real thick line of given cross-sectional area, there is the Litz wire of identical total cross-sectional area or multiply enamelled wire owing to being twisted into by the thin enamel-cover heart yearn of multiply, can pass through less notch, and contribute to improve copper factor; Wherein, the cross-sectional area sum that forms the stranded conductor of Litz wire or multiply enamelled wire is total cross-sectional area of Litz wire or multiply enamelled wire, also be total cross-sectional area of winding wire, copper factor refers to the ratio of winding wire shared area and gross area of groove in groove.In addition, the opening of groove is little contributes to improve Distribution of Magnetic Field, improves electric efficiency.
Magneto of the present utility model has the efficiency of superelevation, for example more than 97% efficiency.
Be well known that, the efficiency of motor is higher, and the energy of waste just less, its heat management system is just simpler.Therefore, magneto of the present utility model is due to the efficiency of its superelevation, produces the heat of much less, therefore do not need to use any active cooling means (as fan, liquid cools or spray cooling etc.).For magneto of the present utility model, with regard to heat radiation, passive cooling body is just enough such as fin or motor housing.In other words, utilize magneto of the present utility model, heat abstractor can be simply too much, thereby reduced owing to the size/weight of heat abstractor---and the size/weight of the heat abstractor of motor is a part for motor overall dimensions/weight.
The utility model is by using Litz wire or multiply enamelled wire, can realize and use total cross-sectional area relatively large wire to make coil and allow the very little and relative thick finger piece of use of the opening of the groove in stator core simultaneously, to realize the efficiency of superelevation, and do not increase the size/weight of magneto.
Accompanying drawing explanation
By below detailed description by reference to the accompanying drawings, will understand better the utility model.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 a and 1b are the schematic diagrames that the critical piece of exemplary permanent magnet electric motor of the present utility model is shown;
Fig. 2 shows the structural representation of an exemplary stator part of magneto of the present utility model;
Fig. 3 a-3c is the stereogram that several exemplary rotor parts of magneto of the present utility model are shown;
Fig. 4 a-4c is the stereogram that an exemplary permanent magnet of the rotor portion in Fig. 3 a-3c is shown respectively.
Should be understood that these accompanying drawings, only for the object of example and explanation, may not draw in proportion.In addition, in different accompanying drawings, same or analogous reference number refers to same or analogous parts.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 a and 1b are the schematic diagrames that the critical piece of exemplary permanent magnet electric motor of the present utility model is shown.
As shown in Fig. 1 a and 1b, magneto of the present utility model can comprise the stationary part that the rotor portion of installing around the shaft and the subdivision that rotates are arranged.
Stationary part can comprise stator core and stator coil, and stator core has multiple finger pieces of arranging with uniform angular separation on surface therein, between every two adjacent finger pieces, limits a groove.Stator coil can be in many ways around finger arrangement, be arranged in groove.
Fig. 2 shows the structural representation of an exemplary stator part of magneto of the present utility model.
In Fig. 2, stator core 10 has 14 finger pieces 12 on surface therein, between every two adjacent finger pieces, limits a groove 14.Not shown stator coil in Fig. 2.Stator core 10 can be made up of soft magnetic material, for example, can be made up of soft magnetic alloy lamination, wherein each stacked plate and the insulation of adjacent stacked plate.In Fig. 2, stator core 10 has circular cross section, can be cylindric.
According to the utility model, stator coil is made up of Litz wire or multiply enamelled wire.Litz wire or multiply enamelled wire refer to the twisted wire being twisted into by thin enamel-cover heart yearn.Compared with conventionally using real thick line in prior art, make stator coil with Litz wire or multiply enamelled wire, can allow the opening of the groove in stator core to arrange littlely---suppose that the cross-sectional area of winding wire is suitable in both cases; This contributes to raise the efficiency.What preferably, use was 20AWG-25AWG according to brown and sharpe wire gauge strand number leads thread Litz wire or multiply enamelled wire.
According to the utility model, the width of finger piece is in the scope of the 60%-80% of separation, in other words, in the radial centre lines of every two adjacent grooves, radially the identical 60%-80% that gives the distance between the point of set a distance in center apart from stator core is occupied by finger piece therebetween.
Rotor portion can comprise rotor core and be fixed to the multiple permanent magnets that are arranged in pairs of rotor core.Described multiple permanent magnet is normally spaced.Permanent magnet can have alternating polarity.Rotor core can be made up of soft magnetic material, for example, can be made up of soft magnetic alloy lamination, wherein each stacked plate and the insulation of adjacent stacked plate.
Fig. 3 a-3c shows the stereogram of several exemplary rotor parts.
Permanent magnet can be surperficial permanent magnet, is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of rotor core, as shown in Figure 3 a and 3b shown.
In Fig. 3 a and 3b, four surperficial permanent magnets are embedded into respectively four recess of rotor core.On the cross section of rotor portion, the parting line of each surperficial permanent magnet and rotor core can be camber line---as shown in Fig. 3 a, or being a polygonal part---as shown in Fig. 3 b.
In a further embodiment, rotor core can not have recess, and surperficial permanent magnet can be outstanding from the outer peripheral surface of rotor core.For example, it is cylindric that rotor core can be, and multiple permanent magnets are fixed on the external peripheral surface of this cylindrical rotor iron core.
In addition, permanent magnet can be built-in permanent magnet, is embedded in rotor core, as shown in Fig. 3 c.
Fig. 4 a-4c is the stereogram that an exemplary permanent magnet of the rotor portion in Fig. 3 a-3c is shown respectively.
According to the utility model, use the relatively large wire (Litz wire or multiply enamelled wire) of total sectional area to make stator coil, make for given motor working current, the current density of winding wire is relatively little.This contributes to reduce copper loss---and copper loss is the most significant loss in the loss of electric machine.
Preferably, Litz wire or the multiply enamelled wire selecting to make stator coil---are for example selected the cross-sectional area of Litz wire or multiply enamelled wire---and are made, and in the time that motor is worked with rated current, the current density of Litz wire or multiply enamelled wire is at 3-8A/mm
2scope in.
In practice, should significantly reduce magnetic saturation, electric current can be reduced.According to the utility model, use thick finger piece to avoid magnetic saturation, even when motor moves under high load capacity.In traditional design, the approximately 40%-60% that the width of motor finger piece is separation.
In magneto of the present utility model, can use 1-10 to permanent magnet, i.e. 2-20 the utmost point.For some mechanical frequency, if desired, can increase by increasing number of poles the electric frequency of motor, thereby reduce the number of turn of every coil.For slowspeed machine, when mechanical speed is rotating speed when fixing, large number of poles can effectively increase electric frequency.The quantity of the utmost point is unsuitable excessive, in order to avoid affect the mechanical stability of motor.
The utility model, by using Litz wire or multiply enamelled wire, will use the relatively thick same groove with as far as possible little opening that uses of finger piece of stator coil wire, use that total cross-sectional area is relatively large to combine.
Because coil is housed inside in the groove of stator core, it has been generally acknowledged that, if stator coil wire slightly must increase the area of groove.The utility model, by making stator coil with Litz wire or multiply enamelled wire, in the situation that making the total cross-sectional area of winding wire relatively large, allows the opening of groove very little, and can realize higher copper factor, thereby can allow thicker finger piece.
Like this, the in the situation that of given other side, although use relatively thick finger piece will reduce groove area, owing to using Litz wire or multiply enamelled wire, use the groove area of the winding wire reduction that total cross-sectional area is relatively large also enough.
In addition, with respect to the magneto of prior art, magneto of the present utility model has higher efficiency, for example, be up to 97%-98%.Like this, magneto of the present utility model is because copper loss reduces, and therefore the hot much less of generation does not need to use any active cooling means (as fan, liquid cools or spray cooling), has avoided needing complicated heat abstractor or system.For high efficiency motor, passive cooling body is just enough such as fin or motor housing.In one embodiment, magneto of the present utility model comprises the housing that surrounds stationary part, and this housing is the only cooling body of motor.
To sum up, magneto of the present utility model can be realized the efficiency of superelevation, and without increasing size/weight, still keeps relatively high overall power density.
In addition,, in conventional motors design, under rated power and rotating speed, angle of torsion is about 20-30 degree.According to a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, by air gap (gap between permanent magnet and stator) and the thickness (permanent magnet is along the thickness of rotor radius direction) of permanent magnet are set, making the angle of torsion of motor under rated power and degree of turning much lower, for example, is 1-20 degree.Such design can effectively increase overload power disposal ability and efficiency.In addition, little angle of torsion will cause air gap and the thickness that permanent magnet is large.Large air gap contributes to reduce the invisible waste of motor, produces less noise.The large thickness of permanent magnet helps avoid demagnetization.
For the consideration of cost aspect, conventionally can not consider to increase the thickness of permanent magnet.Present inventor finds unexpectedly, by the thickness of suitable increase permanent magnet, can realize better motor performance.
Magneto of the present utility model is applicable in the multiple application such as vehicle, submarine.
Magneto of the present utility model power stage operation on a large scale.For slowspeed machine, balance efficiency and power density are more crucial.In a particular, magneto of the present utility model, under the power output that is less than 120kW, turns under the rotating speed of per minute being less than 15,000, and more than 97% efficiency is provided.
Claims (10)
1. a magneto, comprise the stationary part that the rotor portion of installing around the shaft and the subdivision that rotates are arranged, rotor portion comprises rotor core and is fixed to the multiple permanent magnets that are arranged in pairs of rotor core, stationary part comprises stator core and stator coil, stator core has multiple finger pieces of arranging with uniform angular separation on surface therein, between every two adjacent finger pieces, limit a groove, stator coil is around finger arrangement, wherein, stator coil is made up of Litz wire or multiply enamelled wire, in the radial centre lines of every two adjacent grooves, radially the identical 60%-80% that gives the distance between the point of set a distance in center apart from stator core is occupied by finger piece therebetween.
2. magneto according to claim 1, wherein the opening of the close rotor portion of each groove is set to enough little of just to allow described Litz wire or multiply enamelled wire to pass through.
3. magneto according to claim 1, wherein said Litz wire or multiply enamelled wire are, and to be 20AWG-25AWG according to brown and sharpe wire gauge strand number lead thread Litz wire or multiply enamelled wire.
4. magneto according to claim 1, wherein said multiple permanent magnets are surperficial permanent magnets, are fixed to the outer peripheral surface of rotor core.
5. magneto according to claim 1, wherein said multiple permanent magnets are built-in permanent magnets, are embedded in rotor core.
6. magneto according to claim 4, wherein said multiple permanent magnets are embedded respectively multiple recess of rotor core.
7. magneto according to claim 6, wherein, on the cross section of rotor portion, the parting line of the each and rotor core in described multiple permanent magnets is camber line or is a polygonal part.
8. magneto according to claim 1, the angle of torsion of wherein said motor under rated power and rated speed is 1-20 degree.
9. magneto according to claim 1, the cross-sectional area of wherein said Litz wire or multiply enamelled wire is provided so that, in the time that magneto is worked with rated current, the current density of described Litz wire or multiply enamelled wire is 3-8A/mm
2.
10. magneto according to claim 1, wherein said motor comprises the housing that surrounds stationary part, this housing is the only cooling body of motor.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201320727448.4U CN203674939U (en) | 2013-11-18 | 2013-11-18 | Superhigh-efficiency permanent magnet motor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201320727448.4U CN203674939U (en) | 2013-11-18 | 2013-11-18 | Superhigh-efficiency permanent magnet motor |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN203674939U true CN203674939U (en) | 2014-06-25 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201320727448.4U Expired - Fee Related CN203674939U (en) | 2013-11-18 | 2013-11-18 | Superhigh-efficiency permanent magnet motor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN203674939U (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110601390A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2019-12-20 | 卧龙电气(上海)中央研究院有限公司 | Permanent magnet motor |
| CN111614178A (en) * | 2020-06-02 | 2020-09-01 | 珠海格力节能环保制冷技术研究中心有限公司 | Rotor core, motor rotor, motor and system with motor |
-
2013
- 2013-11-18 CN CN201320727448.4U patent/CN203674939U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110601390A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2019-12-20 | 卧龙电气(上海)中央研究院有限公司 | Permanent magnet motor |
| CN111614178A (en) * | 2020-06-02 | 2020-09-01 | 珠海格力节能环保制冷技术研究中心有限公司 | Rotor core, motor rotor, motor and system with motor |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20140625 Termination date: 20191118 |
|
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |