CN203420762U - 微穿孔板消声器 - Google Patents

微穿孔板消声器 Download PDF

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CN203420762U
CN203420762U CN201320539150.0U CN201320539150U CN203420762U CN 203420762 U CN203420762 U CN 203420762U CN 201320539150 U CN201320539150 U CN 201320539150U CN 203420762 U CN203420762 U CN 203420762U
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microperforated panel
micropunch plate
micropunch
muffler
plate muffler
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刘建民
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SHAANXI GONGDAFUTIAN TECHNOLOGY ENGINEERING Co Ltd
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Abstract

一种微穿孔板消声器,涉及消声器技术领域,包括内微穿孔板和外微穿孔板,所述内微穿孔板和外微穿孔板呈圆筒状,所述内微穿孔板和外微穿孔板为同心设置,在所述内微穿孔板和外微穿孔板之间形成共振腔室,所述内微穿孔板后部留有长度为5-20cm的空气层,该层不填任何吸声材料,这样即构成了微穿孔板吸声结构。本实用新型消声量大,应用领域广阔,市场需求量大,其推广应用具有很大的市场价值。

Description

微穿孔板消声器
技术领域
本实用新型涉及消声器技术领域,尤其涉及一种微穿孔板消声器,常用于鼓风机排气、空调系统、燃气轮机排气、飞机发动机试验室排气、喷气发动机的进气道、内燃机进排气等。
背景技术
微穿孔板消声器常用于鼓风机排气、空调系统、燃气轮机排气、飞机发动机试验室排气、喷气发动机的进气道、内燃机进排气等。这类消声器的穿孔直径往往等于或大于1mm,但也按习惯称为微穿孔板消声器。选择不同的穿孔率和板厚不同的腔深,就可以控制消声器的频谱性能,使其在需要的频率范围内获得良好的消声效果。微穿孔板消声器是一种阻抗复合式消声器,消声器采用金属结构代替多孔性吸声材料,并适用于高温、高速气流及有水气、粉尘等特殊环境,在较宽的频带范围内具有良好的消声效果。
微穿孔板消声器一般是用厚度小于1mm的纯金属薄板制作,选择不同的穿孔率和板厚不同的腔深,就可以控制消声器的频谱性能,使其在需要的频率范围内获得良好的消声效果。微穿孔板消声器是层装微穿孔板结构的消声器。能在较宽的频带范围内消除气流噪声,而且具耐高温、耐油污、耐腐蚀的性能,即使气流中带有大量水分,也不影响工作。由于穿孔直径小、板面光滑,因此微穿孔板消声器阻损比一般阻性消声器要小。
实用新型内容
本实用新型所要解决的技术问题在于提供一种消声效果好,应用领域广阔,市场需求量大的微穿孔板消声器。
本实用新型所要解决的技术问题采用以下技术方案来实现:
一种微穿孔板消声器,包括内微穿孔板和外微穿孔板,所述内微穿孔板和外微穿孔板呈圆筒状,所述内微穿孔板和外微穿孔板为同心设置,在所述内微穿孔板和外微穿孔板之间形成共振腔室,所述内微穿孔板后部留有长度为5-20cm的空气层,该层不填任何吸声材料,这样即构成了微穿孔板吸声结构。
所述外微穿孔板外部设有外壳,所述外壳用2mm厚冷板制成。
所述内微穿孔板和外微穿孔板的厚度为0.5mm,孔径0.5mm。
所述内微穿孔板和外微穿孔板均采用穿孔率1-5%的微穿孔板,所述微穿孔板上的孔成方形排列,孔与孔之间的圆心距为3mm,前后腔深的比值为3。
所述内微穿孔板两端连接有法兰。
本实用新型的有益效果是:本实用新型消声量大,应用领域广阔,市场需求量大,其推广应用具有很大的市场价值。
附图说明
图1为本实用新型结构主视图;
图2为本实用新型结构侧视图。
具体实施方式
为了使本实用新型实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解,下面结合具体图示,进一步阐述本实用新型。
如图1、图2所示,一种微穿孔板消声器,包括内微穿孔板2和外微穿孔板3,内微穿孔板2和外微穿孔板3呈圆筒状,内微穿孔板2和外微穿孔板3为同心设置,在内微穿孔板2和外微穿孔板3之间形成共振腔室4,内微穿孔板2后部留有长度为5-20cm的空气层,该层不填任何吸声材料,这样即构成了微穿孔板吸声结构。外微穿孔板3外部设有外壳,外壳用2mm厚冷板制成,内微穿孔板2和外微穿孔板3的厚度为0.5mm,孔径0.5mm,内微穿孔板2和外微穿孔板3均采用穿孔率2.0%的微穿孔板,微穿孔板上的孔成方形排列,孔与孔之间的圆心距为3mm,前后腔深的比值为3,内微穿孔板2两端连接有法兰1。
研究表明,表征微穿孔板吸声特性的吸声系数和频带宽度,主要由微穿孔板的声质量m和声阻r来决定,而这两个因素又与微孔直径d及穿孔率p有关。微穿孔板吸声结构的相对声阻抗Z(以空气的特性阻抗ρC为单位)用式(1)计算:
Z=r+jwm=jctg(WD/C)      (1)
式中:
ρ--空气密度(kg/cm3);
C--空气中声速(m/s);
D--腔深(mm);
m--相对声质量;
r--相对声阻;
w--角频率,W=2πf(f为频率);
而r和m分别由式(2)(3)表达:
r=atkr/dzp      (2)
m=(0.294)×10-3tkm/p      (3)
式中:
t--板厚(毫米)
d--孔径(毫米)
p--穿孔率(%)
kr--声阻系数kr=(1+x2/32)1/2+(2x)1/2/8×d/t
km--声质量系数km=1+{1+[1/(9+(x2/2))]}+0.85d/t
其中x=abf,a和b为常数,对于绝热板a=0.147,b=0.32;对于导热板a=0.235,b=0.21
消声器声吸收的角频带宽度,近似地由r/m决定,此值越大,吸声的频带越宽。
r/m=(l/d2)×(kr/km)      (4)
式中l--
常数,对于金属板l=1140,而隔热板l=500。上式也可以用式(5)表达:
r/m=50f((kr/km)/x2)      (5)
而kr/km的近似计算式为:
kr/km=0.5+0.1x+0.005x2      (6)
利用以上各式就可以从要求的r、m、f求出微穿孔板吸声结构的x、d、t、p等参量。
由于微穿孔板的孔径很小且稀,基声阻r值比普通穿孔板大得多,而声质量m又很小,故吸声频带比普通穿孔板共振吸声结构大得多,一般性能较好的单层或双层微穿孔板吸声结构的吸声频带宽度可以达到6~10个1/3信频程以上。这就是微穿孔板吸声结构最大的特点。
共振时的最大吸声系数:
α0为α0=4r/(1+r)2      (7)
以上显示和描述了本实用新型的基本原理和主要特征和本实用新型的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解,本实用新型不受上述实施例的限制,上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本实用新型的原理,在不脱离本实用新型精神和范围的前提下,本实用新型还会有各种变化和改进,这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本实用新型范围内。本实用新型要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。

Claims (4)

1.一种微穿孔板消声器,其特征在于:包括内微穿孔板和外微穿孔板,所述内微穿孔板和外微穿孔板呈圆筒状,所述内微穿孔板和外微穿孔板为同心设置,在所述内微穿孔板和外微穿孔板之间形成共振腔室,所述内微穿孔板后部留有长度为5-20cm的空气层。
2.根据权利要求1所述微穿孔板消声器,其特征在于:所述外微穿孔板外部设有外壳,所述外壳用2mm厚冷板制成。
3.根据权利要求1所述微穿孔板消声器,其特征在于:所述内微穿孔板和外微穿孔板的厚度为0.5mm,孔径0.5mm。
4.根据权利要求1所述微穿孔板消声器,其特征在于:所述内微穿孔板和外微穿孔板均采用穿孔率1-5%的微穿孔板,所述微穿孔板上的孔成方形排列,孔与孔之间的圆心距为3mm。
CN201320539150.0U 2013-08-30 2013-08-30 微穿孔板消声器 Expired - Lifetime CN203420762U (zh)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108278140A (zh) * 2018-03-23 2018-07-13 榆林学院 一种具有消声功能的油气钻井用柴油机排气管及制作方法
CN110838281A (zh) * 2019-10-11 2020-02-25 西安交通大学 一种多腔夹层式微穿孔板消声结构
CN113088860A (zh) * 2021-03-23 2021-07-09 西北工业大学 一种爆炸喷涂辅助装置

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108278140A (zh) * 2018-03-23 2018-07-13 榆林学院 一种具有消声功能的油气钻井用柴油机排气管及制作方法
CN110838281A (zh) * 2019-10-11 2020-02-25 西安交通大学 一种多腔夹层式微穿孔板消声结构
CN113088860A (zh) * 2021-03-23 2021-07-09 西北工业大学 一种爆炸喷涂辅助装置

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