CN203116998U - Stratified sampling device for shallow water sludge - Google Patents

Stratified sampling device for shallow water sludge Download PDF

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Publication number
CN203116998U
CN203116998U CN 201320115793 CN201320115793U CN203116998U CN 203116998 U CN203116998 U CN 203116998U CN 201320115793 CN201320115793 CN 201320115793 CN 201320115793 U CN201320115793 U CN 201320115793U CN 203116998 U CN203116998 U CN 203116998U
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China
Prior art keywords
stopple coupon
gas outlet
sampling
sample
vertical
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CN 201320115793
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王兆印
赵娜
王旭昭
潘保柱
徐梦珍
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Tsinghua University
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Tsinghua University
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Abstract

The utility model discloses a stratified sampling device for shallow water sludge. The stratified sampling device for the shallow water sludge comprises a sample drilling device and a sample pushing device, wherein the sample drilling device adopts a sampling tube with drilling teeth; the sampling drilling device comprises the sampling tube, a sampling tube top tray, a sampling tube cover tray, an air exhausting device and a T-shaped rotation rod; the sampling tube is a straight tube of which the cross section is round; the lower-end tube wall of the sampling tube is provided with the drilling teeth; the upper-end tube mouth of the sampling tube is provided with the sampling tube top tray; the tray surface of the sampling tube top tray is vertical to the tube wall of the sampling tube; the external diameter of the sampling tube top tray is more than the external diameter of the sampling tube; the center of the sampling tube top tray is provided with a round through hole; and the edge of the sampling tube top tray is provided with a plurality of connecting holes. In the sampling process, the sedimentary structure of a sampling point sludge layer is prevented from being damaged, and a sampled section can satisfy the sampling requirement of the benthonic animal. The sampling device disclosed by the utility model has the advantages of lighter weight, simple structure and good practicality, and the sampling work can be finished by manpower.

Description

A kind of shallow water mud stratified sampling device
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of shallow water mud stratified sampling device, is particularly useful for the depth of water less than the zoobenthos stratified sampling in 70cm mud habitat.
Background technology
Static or flow velocity deposits the husky mud of fine grained and organic matter in the natural water bottom slowly, has built the mud habitat for zoobenthos, and the mud habitat was also contaminated after water body was polluted.Because the tolerance difference of different zoobenthos to polluting is so zoobenthos population and the quantity of living in the different pollution level silt seams are also different.The mud sample that the natural water bottom includes zoobenthos is gathered in layering, determine the zoobenthos species characteristic, for estimating local water environment with all significant with pollution level, the pollution process of water quality, be one of method of biology water quality assessment, the concern of society has just been risen and more and more be subjected to this method.
Mud sampling apparatus commonly used mainly contains the inferior bottom sampler of Peter and column bottom sampler.The sampling process of the inferior bottom sampler of Peter is big to the bed mud disturbance, can only take the mixed state sample about the 20cm of bed mud top layer, can't layering take the zoobenthos sample.Existing column bottom sampler comprises gravity sampling thief, gravity piston sampling thief and vibration type piston sampling thief etc., and these sampler or build are big and heavy inconvenience is used, or the less sampling requirement that can not satisfy zoobenthos of stopple coupon internal diameter.
Summary of the invention
For addressing the above problem, the utility model provides a kind of shallow water mud stratified sampling device.
A kind of shallow water mud stratified sampling device is characterized in that comprising brill sample device and sample pusher; Described brill sample device comprises that stopple coupon, stopple coupon are taken over a business, stopple coupon shrouding disc, exhaust apparatus and T type dwang; Described stopple coupon is that the transversal section is circular straight tube, the lower end tube wall has the brill tooth, the upper end mouth of pipe is installed described stopple coupon and is taken over a business, the card that described stopple coupon is taken over a business is vertical with the tube wall of described stopple coupon, overall diameter is greater than described stopple coupon external diameter, the center has circular through hole, the edge has a plurality of connecting holes, the aperture of described through hole is consistent with described stopple coupon external diameter, described stopple coupon top be inserted in the described through hole and the end face of taking over a business with described stopple coupon in one plane, described stopple coupon take over a business with described stopple coupon between be seamless fixedlying connected; Described T type dwang comprises cross bar and vertical pole, and described vertical pole upper end is connected with the middle part vertical fixing of described cross bar, and the lower end is connected with the center vertical fixing of described stopple coupon shrouding disc; Described stopple coupon shrouding disc edge has with described stopple coupon takes over a business connecting hole one to one, and described exhaust apparatus is installed on the card; Described stopple coupon take over a business and described stopple coupon shrouding disc between by connecting hole and the dismantled and assembled seamless link of web member; Described sample pusher comprises and pushes away sample bar and push away model, and the described sample bar that pushes away is connected with the described model center vertical fixing that pushes away, and the described model that pushes away is circle, and diameter is less than or equal to described stopple coupon internal diameter.
Described exhaust apparatus comprises the seal valve at gas outlet and gas outlet top, and described gas outlet runs through described stopple coupon shrouding disc and is communicated with described stopple coupon, is seamless fixedlying connected between bottom and the described stopple coupon shrouding disc.
Described exhaust apparatus can be preferably to heavy ball formula seal valve gas outlet, comprises gas outlet and heavy ball, also comprises exhaust pipe shield; The card of the vertical described stopple coupon shrouding disc of described gas outlet, tube wall inboard, top have the inclined-plane corresponding with described heavy ball spherical shape; Described heavy ball is the bigger solid ball of proportion, for example Metal Ball, glass bead or rubber sphere, and diameter less than warp in the transversal section of described exhaust pipe shield, is placed on described gas outlet top greater than described gas outlet internal diameter; The inwall of described exhaust pipe shield transversal section and the distance between the described exhaust tube wall are less than described heavy bulb diameter, the height of described exhaust pipe shield is greater than the height of described gas outlet and the length of described heavy bulb diameter sum, roof and/or the outer wall of described exhaust pipe shield have vent port, and the width of described vent port is less than the diameter of described heavy ball.
Described exhaust apparatus can be preferably and cover valve formula gas outlet, comprise gas outlet and lid valve, described lid valve adopts the rubber-like soft material to make, comprise and cover body and block, described lid body transversal section is consistent with the interior section configuration of described gas outlet, diameter is equal to or greater than described gas outlet internal diameter, and described block external diameter is equal to or greater than the gas outlet external diameter.
It is upper vertical bar and lower vertical bar that described vertical pole can be divided into upper and lower two sections, and described upper vertical bar top is connected with the middle part vertical fixing of described cross bar, fixedlys connected with last terminal pad central vertical in the bottom; Fixedly connected with following terminal pad central vertical in described lower vertical bar top, the bottom is connected with described stopple coupon shrouding disc center vertical fixing; Described go up terminal pad with described be down dismantled and assembled fixedlying connected between the terminal pad; Described upper vertical bar and shaft after described lower vertical bar is connected by upper and lower terminal pad are on same straight line.
Described upper vertical bar length is 10-30cm, and described lower vertical bar length is 10-50cm.
Described stopple coupon is metal tube, and length is 50-150cm, and external diameter of pipe is 5-20cm, thickness of pipe 1.5-4mm.
Described cross bar length is 100-200cm, and described vertical pole length is 10-50cm; The described sample pole length that pushes away is greater than described stopple coupon length.
Described cross bar, vertical pole and to push away the sample bar be that the transversal section is circular hollow metal tube and/or solid metal, the external diameter of described Metallic rod is 1-4cm, thickness of pipe is 1-3mm.
Technique effect of the present invention
A kind of shallow water mud of the utility model stratified sampling device adopts to have the stopple coupon that bores tooth, and pushing T type dwang pierces the underwater sludge layer with stopple coupon to utilize manpower to rotate downwards, and the original hierarchy of mud sample remains unchanged in the stopple coupon; The stopple coupon top is hermetically-sealed construction and has gas outlet, pierces in the process of silt seam gas outlet at stopple coupon and opens, and the air in the pipe is discharged from gas outlet; Stopple coupon pierces after the silt seam, be full of by mud in the pipe, before mentioning stopple coupon gas outlet is sealed, at this moment the stopple coupon internal cause does not have air to enter and has inferior vacuum environment, the mud sample is not landing downwards and being left the water smoothly under the effect of atmospheric pressure, the stopple coupon that the mud sample is housed is lain in ground, utilization pushes away model the mud sample in the stopple coupon is progressively released, measure the depth of burial of each sampling layer and with the traction load sample layering belt transect of packing into, finish the stratified sampling of shallow water mud smoothly.Whole sampling process can not damage the depositional texture of sampling spot silt seam, and the sampling section can satisfy the sampling requirement of zoobenthos.The weight of the utility model sampler is lighter and simple in structure, relies on manpower both can finish sampling work, has good practicability.
Utilize the moment of T type dwang cross bar can improve the acting force of manpower greatly, rely on manpower just to finish sampling work.The brill tooth of stopple coupon bottom has fine cutting action and less to the mud sample disturbance in the stopple coupon to silt seam, and in the process that stopple coupon creeps into downwards, the sequence of sedimentation of mud sample is keeping original state in the pipe, the layer invariant position at zoobenthos place.Between stopple coupon and stopple coupon are taken over a business, stopple coupon is taken over a business and the stopple coupon shrouding disc between and be seamless link between stopple coupon shrouding disc and the gas outlet, as long as with gas outlet sealing, the stopple coupon top is hermetically-sealed construction just.Pierce in the process of silt seam at stopple coupon, the sampling inner air tube is discharged from the gas outlet of opening, when mentioning stopple coupon gas outlet is sealed, the pipe internal cause does not have air and enters and have an inferior vacuum environment, mud sample in the pipe can not skid off from the stopple coupon end opening under the effect of atmospheric pressure, thereby realizes the technique effect of mud sample from taking out under water.Stopple coupon take over a business with the stopple coupon shrouding disc between for dismantled and assembled the connection, be easy to the stopple coupon shrouding disc is opened.Hold and push away the sample bar and will push away model and push from stopple coupon is suitable for reading, mud sample in the pipe is released from the stopple coupon end opening, measure each sampling layer to distance of silt seam end face and determine its depth of burial, and with the traction load sample layering belt transect of packing into, realize quantitatively taking the technique effect of different depth silt seam zoobenthos sample.
Further program of the utility model has been introduced a kind of structure of heavy ball formula seal valve gas outlet, comprises gas outlet and heavy ball, also comprises exhaust pipe shield.Described heavy ball is the bigger Metal Ball of proportion, glass bead or rubber sphere, can rely on the gravity of self that exhaust pipe mouth is sealed, pierce in the process of silt seam at stopple coupon, inner air tube upwards holds up under the pushing of manpower heavy ball and the slit between heavy ball and gas outlet and discharges, and falls back to the gas outlet top subsequently again naturally with ferrule.In mentioning the process of stopple coupon, described heavy ball remains airtight the contact with described gas outlet top, and the outer air of stopple coupon can't enter in the pipe, thereby has built inferior vacuum environment for stopple coupon, and the mud sample can not skid off from the stopple coupon end opening.Described exhaust pipe shield is limited in the scope of activities of described heavy ball on the described gas outlet top, is conducive to heavy ball and relies on own wt at any time exhaust pipe mouth to be sealed.Described exhaust pipe shield has vent port, can guarantee the smooth and easy discharge of gas in the stopple coupon.
Further program of the utility model has been introduced a kind of structure of covering valve formula gas outlet, comprise gas outlet and lid valve, described lid valve is the rubber-like soft material, rubber for example, to cover body fills in gas outlet and gas outlet can be sealed, the block diameter is equal to or greater than described gas outlet external diameter, can avoid covering that valve all enters gas outlet and the phenomenon that is difficult to gas outlet is opened takes place.
Further program of the utility model has been introduced and a kind of vertical pole has been divided into upper and lower two sections T type dwang, can reduce taking up room, and is conducive to carry and transport.Utilize the not only easy disassembly but also can satisfy the requirement that drills through sample of dismantled and assembled fixedly connected mode between the terminal pad between upper vertical bar and the lower vertical bar.
Further program of the utility model preferably provides described stopple coupon material and specification, is conducive to the user and makes and use sampler of the present utility model according to sampling requirement.
Further program of the utility model preferably provides described cross bar, vertical pole and has pushed away sample bar material and specification, and the user can select to use and finish sampling work according to depth condition, the substrate condition of sampling.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 embodiment 1 bores sample device structural representation;
Fig. 2 embodiment 1 heavy ball formula seal valve exhaust pipe structure synoptic diagram;
Fig. 3 embodiment 2 lid valve formula exhaust pipe structure synoptic diagram;
Fig. 4 sample pusher structural representation;
Fig. 5 embodiment 2T type dwang vertical pole is divided into two sections brill sample device structural representation.
Reference numeral is as follows: the 1-cross bar; The 2-vertical pole; The 3-upper vertical bar; The last terminal pad of 4-; Terminal pad under the 5-; The 6-lower vertical bar; The 7-gas outlet; 8-stopple coupon shrouding disc; The 9-stopple coupon is taken over a business; The 10-stopple coupon; 11-bores tooth; The 12-stopple coupon is suitable for reading; 13-stopple coupon end opening; The 14-connecting hole; The 15-exhaust pipe shield; 16-sinks ball; The 17-exhaust pipe mouth; The 18-vent port; 19-covers body; The 20-block; 21-pushes away the sample bar; 22-pushes away model.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiment is elaborated.
Embodiment 1
Shallow water mud stratified sampling device embodiment 1 adopts stainless steel material to make, and comprises boring sample device and sample pusher, and described brill sample device comprises that stopple coupon 10, stopple coupon take over a business 9, stopple coupon shrouding disc 8, exhaust apparatus and T type dwang as shown in Figure 1; Described sample pusher comprises pushing away sample bar 21 and pushing away model 22 as shown in Figure 4.
Described T type dwang is external diameter 32mm, and the stainless steel straight tube of wall thickness 2mm has enough intensity; Fixedly connected with the central vertical of stopple coupon shrouding disc 8 in vertical pole 2 lower ends, the upper end is connected with the middle part vertical fixing of cross bar 1; The length of vertical pole 2 is 30cm, and the people who is fit to common height operates, and the length of cross bar 1 is 140cm, and the moment that produces when relying on the manpower rotation can pierce silt seam with stopple coupon 10;
Described stopple coupon 10 is that the transversal section is circular stainless steel straight tube, and length is 60cm, and external diameter is 10cm, and pipe thickness is 2mm, can satisfy the technical requirement of zoobenthos sampling amount and have the intensity of creeping into mud; The tube wall of stopple coupon end opening 13 has the tooth 11 of boring, and is conducive to stopple coupon 10 is pierced silt seam.
Stopple coupon take over a business 9 with stopple coupon shrouding disc 8 between utilize bolt to be connected, the revolving force of T type dwang can be delivered to stopple coupon 10 and drive stopple coupon 10 and pierce silt seam.
Because stopple coupon suitable for reading 12 is with between stopple coupon takes over a business 9, be seamless fixedlying connected between stopple coupon shrouding disc 8 and the gas outlet 7, stopple coupon take over a business 9 and stopple coupon shrouding disc 8 between sealing gasket is installed, also be seamless link, so when stopple coupon takes over a business 9 with after stopple coupon shrouding disc 8 is connected, stopple coupon 10 upper ends have closed structure, only keep 7 one gas channels of gas outlet.
The exhaust apparatus that stopple coupon shrouding disc 8 end faces are installed is heavy ball formula seal valve gas outlet as shown in Figure 2.Comprise gas outlet 7 and heavy ball 16, also comprise exhaust pipe shield 15; When stopple coupon 10 pierces silt seam, stopple coupon 10 inside are filled by the mud sample gradually, the air of pipe inner top will sink ball 16 and hold up under people's pushing force effect, and from slit and 18 discharges of the vent port on the exhaust pipe shield 15 between heavy ball 16 and the exhaust pipe mouth 17; Because gas outlet 7 is perpendicular to the card of stopple coupon shrouding disc 8, gas outlet 7 and stopple coupon 10 are parallel and perpendicular to surface level in sampling process, pushing force disappeared when stopple coupon stopped to pierce silt seam, and heavy ball 16 relies on self gravitation to fall back to exhaust pipe mouth 17 under the constraint of exhaust pipe shield 15; Since the tube wall inboard of exhaust pipe mouth 17 have the spherical concave surface corresponding with described heavy ball 16 spheres, so heavy ball 16 just is closed exhaust pipe mouth 17 when putting off exhaust pipe mouth 17, in the process that stopple coupon 10 is vertically left the water, exhaust pipe mouth 17 is remaining sealing state, thereby in stopple coupon, built inferior vacuum environment, under atmospheric effect, the mud sample can not skid off from stopple coupon end opening 13.
Stopple coupon 10 is left the water together with the mud sample in the pipe and is placed on the smooth ground, utilize sample pusher shown in Figure 4, the hand-held sample bar 21 that pushes away will push away model 22 and push from stopple coupon suitable for reading 12, the mud sample is released from stopple coupon end opening 13, utilize each sampling layer of tape measure apart from the distance of silt seam end face, determine the depth of burial of sampling layer, and with the mud sample layering belt transect of packing into, finish sampling work smoothly.
Embodiment 2
Present embodiment bores taking up room of sample device in order to reduce, be more convenient for carrying and transporting, as shown in Figure 5, the vertical pole of T type dwang is divided into two sections, be upper vertical bar 3 and lower vertical bar 6, described upper vertical bar 3 upper ends are connected with the middle part vertical fixing of described cross bar 1, fixedly connected with the central vertical of last terminal pad 4 in the lower end; The upper end of described lower vertical bar 6 is connected with the described center vertical fixing of terminal pad 5 down, and the lower end is connected with the center vertical fixing of described stopple coupon shrouding disc 8; Described go up utilizes between terminal pad 4 and the following terminal pad 5 that connecting hole 14 and bolt are dismantled and assembled fixedlys connected.Upper vertical bar 3 with have the technique effect identical with vertical pole 2 after lower vertical bar 6 is connected.
The exhaust apparatus that stopple coupon shrouding disc 8 end faces of present embodiment are installed adopts lid valve formula gas outlet as shown in Figure 3, and described lid valve adopts the rubber material to make, and comprises covering body 19 and block 20.To cover valve and open in stopple coupon 10 pierces the process of silt seam, the air in the stopple coupon 10 are discharged from exhaust pipe mouth 17; Before stopple coupon 10 is mentioned, the lid body 19 of lid valve is filled in exhaust pipe mouth 17 it is closed, because blocking of block 20 arranged, the lid valve can all not enter in the gas outlet, opens so easily will cover valve again.Utilization is covered valve exhaust pipe mouth 17 is sealed, and can obtain the technique effect identical with heavy ball formula seal valve gas outlet.
Other structure is with embodiment 1.

Claims (9)

1. a shallow water mud stratified sampling device is characterized in that comprising brill sample device and sample pusher; Described brill sample device comprises that stopple coupon, stopple coupon are taken over a business, stopple coupon shrouding disc, exhaust apparatus and T type dwang; Described stopple coupon is that the transversal section is circular straight tube, the lower end tube wall has the brill tooth, the upper end mouth of pipe is installed described stopple coupon and is taken over a business, the card that described stopple coupon is taken over a business is vertical with the tube wall of described stopple coupon, overall diameter is greater than described stopple coupon external diameter, the center has circular through hole, the edge has a plurality of connecting holes, the aperture of described through hole is consistent with described stopple coupon external diameter, described stopple coupon top be inserted in the described through hole and the end face of taking over a business with described stopple coupon in one plane, described stopple coupon take over a business with described stopple coupon between be seamless fixedlying connected; Described T type dwang comprises cross bar and vertical pole, and described vertical pole upper end is connected with the middle part vertical fixing of described cross bar, and the lower end is connected with the center vertical fixing of described stopple coupon shrouding disc; Described stopple coupon shrouding disc edge has with described stopple coupon takes over a business connecting hole one to one, and described exhaust apparatus is installed on the card; Described stopple coupon take over a business and described stopple coupon shrouding disc between by connecting hole and the dismantled and assembled seamless link of web member; Described sample pusher comprises and pushes away sample bar and push away model, and the described sample bar that pushes away is connected with the described model center vertical fixing that pushes away, and the described model that pushes away is circle, and diameter is less than or equal to described stopple coupon internal diameter.
2. shallow water mud stratified sampling device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described exhaust apparatus comprises the seal valve at gas outlet and gas outlet top, described gas outlet runs through described stopple coupon shrouding disc and is communicated with described stopple coupon, is seamless fixedlying connected between bottom and the described stopple coupon shrouding disc.
3. according to the described shallow water mud of claim 2 stratified sampling device, it is characterized in that described exhaust apparatus comprises gas outlet and heavy ball for heavy ball formula seal valve gas outlet, also comprises exhaust pipe shield; The card of the vertical described stopple coupon shrouding disc of described gas outlet, tube wall inboard, top have the inclined-plane corresponding with described heavy ball spherical shape; Described heavy ball is Metal Ball, glass bead or rubber sphere, and diameter is placed on described gas outlet top greater than the transversal section internal diameter of described gas outlet internal diameter less than described exhaust pipe shield; The inwall of described exhaust pipe shield transversal section and the distance between the described exhaust tube wall are less than described heavy bulb diameter, the height of described exhaust pipe shield is greater than the height of described gas outlet and the length of described heavy bulb diameter sum, roof and/or the outer wall of described exhaust pipe shield have vent port, and the width of described vent port is less than the diameter of described heavy ball.
4. according to the described shallow water mud of claim 2 stratified sampling device, it is characterized in that, described exhaust apparatus is for covering valve formula gas outlet, comprise gas outlet and lid valve, described lid valve adopts the rubber-like soft material to make, and comprises and cover body and block that described lid body transversal section is consistent with the interior section configuration of described gas outlet, diameter is equal to or greater than described gas outlet internal diameter, and described block external diameter is equal to or greater than the gas outlet external diameter.
5. according to the described shallow water mud of claim 1 stratified sampling device, it is characterized in that, it is upper vertical bar and lower vertical bar that described vertical pole is divided into upper and lower two sections, and described upper vertical bar top is connected with the middle part vertical fixing of described cross bar, fixedlys connected with last terminal pad central vertical in the bottom; Fixedly connected with following terminal pad central vertical in described lower vertical bar top, the bottom is connected with described stopple coupon shrouding disc center vertical fixing; Described go up terminal pad with described be down dismantled and assembled fixedlying connected between the terminal pad; Described upper vertical bar and shaft after described lower vertical bar is connected by upper and lower terminal pad are on same straight line.
6. according to the described shallow water mud of claim 5 stratified sampling device, it is characterized in that described upper vertical bar length is 10-30cm, described lower vertical bar length is 10-50cm.
7. according to the described shallow water mud of claim 1 stratified sampling device, it is characterized in that described stopple coupon is metal tube, length is 50-150cm, and external diameter of pipe is 5-20cm, thickness of pipe 1.5-4mm.
8. according to the described shallow water mud of claim 1 stratified sampling device, it is characterized in that described cross bar length is 100-200cm, described vertical pole length is 10-50cm; The described sample pole length that pushes away is greater than described stopple coupon length.
9. according to the described shallow water mud of claim 1 stratified sampling device, it is characterized in that, described cross bar, vertical pole and to push away the sample bar be that the transversal section is circular hollow metal tube and/or solid metal, the external diameter of described Metallic rod is 1-4cm, thickness of pipe is 1-3mm.
CN 201320115793 2013-03-14 2013-03-14 Stratified sampling device for shallow water sludge Expired - Lifetime CN203116998U (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103674609A (en) * 2013-11-15 2014-03-26 天津市市政工程研究院 In-situ columnar water silt sampling equipment and method

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103674609A (en) * 2013-11-15 2014-03-26 天津市市政工程研究院 In-situ columnar water silt sampling equipment and method

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