CN103674609A - In-situ columnar water silt sampling equipment and method - Google Patents
In-situ columnar water silt sampling equipment and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103674609A CN103674609A CN201310580736.6A CN201310580736A CN103674609A CN 103674609 A CN103674609 A CN 103674609A CN 201310580736 A CN201310580736 A CN 201310580736A CN 103674609 A CN103674609 A CN 103674609A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an in-situ columnar water silt sampling method and equipment. The equipment comprises a sampling pipe, a sampling head, a ball sealer and a transfer piston, wherein one end of the sampling pipe is provided with a ball sealer joint, and the other end of the sampling pipe is provided with a sampling head joint; one end of the sampling head is connected with a sampling pipe screw thread or a clamp, and the other end of the sampling head is in the shape of ring sawteeth with an included angle of 30-45 degrees; the diameter of the transfer piston is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the sampling pipe, so that the transfer piston conveniently enters the sampling pipe for bearing a mud sample; the ball sealer is arranged on the top of the sampling pipe; the diameter of the ball sealer is larger than the diameter of the sampling pipe; the sampling pipe is completely sealed. According to the equipment, water silt mud samples with the soft mud layer depth of less than 3m and water depth of less than 5m on the upper part of the mud layer can be collected, the mud sample layering information can be directly observed after collection, and the mud sample characteristics can be tested in a layered mode.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to sample devices, particularly relate to a kind of water body mud original position column method of sampling and equipment.
Background technology
Along with the tight demand that people more and more pay close attention to periphery living environment quality and urban environment constantly improves, river and lake multiaspect was faced the pressure of water body treating in recent years, and wherein the improvement of water body mud is the emphasis of work.
Mud is that the fine particles such as clay mineral are under the effect of intergranular electrostatic force and molecular attraction, at ocean or lakeland etc., in flowing water environment, there is the formed cotton-shaped and cellular structure of deposition slowly, be rich in microorganism, pathogen, virus etc., there is stronger pollution character, its water percentage is high, and complicated component is not good at as processed, can cause serious secondary pollution, and resident's productive life is produced to harmful effect.It is very important that the characteristics such as the physical property of detailed understanding water body mud, mineralogical composition, chemical composition are disposed the processing of water body mud.It is whether complete that water body mud gathers, and is the important step of analyzing bed mud constituent.
At present, mud sampling thief mostly is grab type and column formula, when grab sampler is during to certain depth, payout, grab bucket freely falls die-cut mud, and the top power of water body all will weaken the flush shear force of grab bucket between mud and grab bucket, reduced the efficiency of sampler, exist simultaneously the disturbance of water body mud sample greatly, is easily caused to the problems such as sample loss.Current columnar sampler mainly contains gravity sampling thief and gravity piston sampling thief, and the transparence that these sampling thiefs are difficult to realize after the in situ sampling of water body mud and sampling is observed, and the original preservation of mud sample is also had difficulties.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention, is to guarantee that mud sample maintains under original stratification state to carry out in situ sampling, sees through the convenient hierarchy of observing mud of transparent pipe after sampling, is convenient to staged and layered and collects sample, is also convenient to preserve by freezing method former state.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A water body mud original position column sample devices, comprises sampling pipe, sampling head, ball sealer and transfer piston; Sampling pipe one end is set to ball sealer connector, and the other end is set to sampling head connector; Sampling head one end arranges and sampling pipe screw thread or clamp connection, and one end is the trepan dentation of angle 30 degree～45 degree; Transfer piston diameter is slightly less than sample tube inner diameter, is convenient to enter sampling pipe carrying mud sample; Sampling pipe top is furnished with ball sealer, and the diameter of ball sealer is greater than sampling pipe diameter; Guarantee that sampling pipe seals completely.
Described sampling pipe is transparent pipe, 5～10 centimetres of diameters, and length is 50～150 centimetres one section, adopts screw thread multistage to be tightly connected.
Described sampling pipe arranged outside has brace rod.
Long 10～20 centimetres of described sampling head, long 1～3 centimetre of tooth.
Described ball sealer diameter is 1.5 times of sampling pipe diameter.
The equipment of the present invention of sampling carries out the water body mud original position column method of sampling, and step is as follows:
1) choose sampling position, sampling pipe 1 is connected to and needs length, sampling head 2 is arranged on to sampling pipe 1 lowermost end; Take off sampling pipe end sealing ball 3, the sampling pipe with sampling head 21 is pressed into water body assigned address vertically downward, until be pressed into water bottom hard mud layer; From sampling pipe 1 top, pour into water, until fill, overflow, then place ball sealer 3 and seal; Upwards pull up sampling pipe 1, then transfer piston 4 is pushed to sampling pipe from sampling head, contact mud post;
2) while shifting mud sample, to loosen end sealing ball 3, guarantee that mud post is transferred in sampling container under Water Pressure.
The course of work of the present invention is as follows:
Choose sampling position, sampling pipe is connected to and needs length, sampling head is arranged on to sampling pipe lowermost end; Take off sampling pipe end sealing ball, the sampling pipe with sampling head is pressed into water body assigned address vertically downward, until be pressed into water bottom hard mud layer; From sampling pipe top, pour into river, until fill, overflow, then on sampling pipe top, place ball sealer and seal; Firmly upwards slowly pull up sampling pipe, after sampling head leaves mud layer, sampling pipe is moved on riverbank or ship; The peripheral mud of sampling head is cleaned out, and plucked out stiff mud, then transfer piston is slowly pushed to sampling pipe from sampling head, until contact mud post; While shifting mud sample, to take off end sealing ball and make air enter sampling pipe, guarantee that mud post is transferred in sampling container with transfer piston under Water Pressure.
The present invention can gather ooze layer below 3m, the mud layer top depth of water is less than the Sediments mud sample of 5m, after collection, can directly observe mud sample hierarchical information, and can zonation test mud sample characteristic.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1: mud sampling process flow diagram;
Fig. 2: embodiment 1 schematic diagram;
Fig. 3: embodiment 2 schematic diagram;
Fig. 4: embodiment 3 schematic diagram.
1 sampling pipe 2 sampling head 3 ball sealer 4 transfer piston 5 brace rods
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail:
As shown in Figure 1: a kind of water body mud column sample devices, the structure of equipment comprises sampling pipe, sampling head, ball sealer, transfer piston etc.Sampling pipe is transparent pipe, 5～10 centimetres of diameters, and 50～150 centimetres is one section, during sampling, can adopt screw thread multistage to be tightly connected as required, in order to guarantee that sampling pipe has sufficient intensity, also can outside pipe, bonding be installed by brace rod; Sampling head is positioned at the lowermost end of sampling pipe, 10～20 centimetres of total lengths, and one end is trepan dentation, is convenient to be pressed into silt seam, adopts stainless steel material to make, most advanced and sophisticated angle 30 degree～45 degree of sawtooth, long 1～3 centimetre of tooth, one end and sampling pipe screw thread or clamp connection; Sampling pipe top is furnished with ball sealer, adopts flexible rubber to make, and for sealing sampling pipe, avoids air to enter, and its diameter is 1.5 times of sampling pipe diameter; Transfer piston diameter is slightly less than sample tube inner diameter, is convenient to enter sampling pipe carrying mud sample.
While gathering mud sample, can as required each sampling pipeline section be connected to Len req, the sampling pipe that is connected with sampling head is pressed into after mud layer desired depth, from sampling pipe top, fill with water to discharge air, with ball sealer, seal again, by the hard mud ponding of atmospheric pressure and sampling pipe bottom, by mud sample in-situ acquisition, and shift out retaining integral body under original hierarchy prerequisite.
After the collection of mud sample, can mud sample be transferred to and in each container, carry out subsequent analysis by transfer piston segmentation, segmental structure that also can resolution sampling pipe, directly carries out freezing preservation to mud sample together with sampling pipe.The mud sample being frozen can directly cut together with sampling pipe when orcible entry sampling.
The tubing of making sampling pipe adopts the materials such as plexi-glass tubular, Polyvinylchloride, low price and facilitate mud sample freezing after orcible entry.
Embodiment 1:
Choose sampling position, sampling pipe 1 is connected to and needs length, sampling head 2 is arranged on to sampling pipe 1 lowermost end; Take off sampling pipe end sealing ball 3, the sampling pipe with sampling head 21 is pressed into water body assigned address vertically downward, until be pressed into water bottom hard mud layer; From sampling pipe 1 top, pour into river, until fill, overflow, then place ball sealer 3 and seal; Firmly upwards slowly pull up sampling pipe 1, after sampling head 2 leaves mud layer, can suitably tilt but still keep sealed end upwards, sampling pipe 1 is moved on riverbank; The peripheral mud of sampling head 2 is cleaned out, and plucked out stiff mud, then transfer piston 4 is slowly pushed to sampling pipe from sampling head, until contact mud post; While shifting mud sample, to suitably loosen end sealing ball 3, guarantee that mud post is transferred in sampling container under Water Pressure.This example sampling pipe adopts 100 centimetres of length, 8 centimetres of plexi-glass tubular connection segments of diameter to form, 15 centimetres of sampling head total lengths, sawtooth angle of teeth 40 degree, long 2 centimetres of tooth.
Embodiment 2:
Choose sampling position, the sampling pipe with support bar 51 is connected to and needs length, sampling head 2 is arranged on to sampling pipe 1 lowermost end; Take off sampling pipe end sealing ball 3, the sampling pipe with sampling head 21 is pressed into water body assigned address vertically downward, until be pressed into water bottom hard mud layer; From sampling pipe 1 top, pour into river, until fill, overflow, then place ball sealer 3 and seal; Firmly upwards slowly pull up sampling pipe 1, after sampling head 2 leaves mud layer, can suitably tilt but still keep sealed end upwards, sampling pipe 1 is moved on riverbank; The peripheral mud of sampling head 2 is cleaned out, and plucked out stiff mud, then transfer piston 4 is slowly pushed to sampling pipe from sampling head, until contact mud post; While shifting mud sample, to suitably loosen end sealing ball 3, guarantee that mud post is transferred in sampling container under Water Pressure.This example sampling pipe adopts 150 centimetres of length, 10 centimetres of polyvinyl chloride pipe connection segments of diameter to form, 20 centimetres of sampling head total lengths, sawtooth angle of teeth 45 degree, long 3 centimetres of tooth.
Embodiment 3:
Choose sampling position, sampling pipe 1 is connected to and needs length, sampling head 2 is arranged on to sampling pipe 1 lowermost end; Take off sampling pipe end sealing ball 3, the sampling pipe with sampling head 21 is pressed into water body assigned address vertically downward, until be pressed into water bottom hard mud layer; From sampling pipe 1 top, pour into river, until fill, overflow, then place ball sealer 3 and seal; Firmly upwards slowly pull up sampling pipe 1, after sampling head 2 leaves mud layer, can suitably tilt but still keep sealed end upwards, sampling pipe 1 is moved on riverbank; The peripheral mud of sampling head 2 is cleaned out, and stiff mud retains; Then by moisture, containing mud sampling pipeline section, do not lay down, retain containing mud sampling pipe; To take apart and two sections of sealings containing each section of mud sampling pipe, deliver to freezing preservation.This example sampling pipe adopts 50 centimetres of length, 5 centimetres of plexi-glass tubular connection segments of diameter to form, 10 centimetres of sampling head total lengths, sawtooth angle of teeth 30 degree, long 1 centimetre of tooth.
Claims (6)
1. a water body mud original position column sample devices, comprises sampling pipe, sampling head, ball sealer and transfer piston; It is characterized in that sampling pipe one end is set to ball sealer connector, the other end is set to sampling head connector; Sampling head one end arranges and sampling pipe screw thread or clamp connection, and one end is the trepan dentation of angle 30～45 degree; Transfer piston diameter is slightly less than sample tube inner diameter, is convenient to enter sampling pipe carrying mud sample; Sampling pipe top is furnished with ball sealer, and the diameter of ball sealer is greater than sampling pipe diameter; Guarantee that sampling pipe seals completely.
2. equipment as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that described sampling pipe is transparent pipe, 5～10 centimetres of diameters, and length is 50～150 centimetres one section, adopts screw thread multistage to be tightly connected.
3. equipment as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that described sampling pipe arranged outside has brace rod.
4. equipment as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that long 10～20 centimetres of described sampling head, long 1～3 centimetre of tooth.
5. equipment as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that described ball sealer diameter is 1.5 times of sampling pipe diameter.
6. with the equipment of claim 1, carry out a water body mud original position column method of sampling, it is characterized in that method is as follows:
1) choose sampling position, sampling pipe 1 is connected to and needs length, sampling head 2 is arranged on to sampling pipe 1 lowermost end; Take off sampling pipe end sealing ball 3, the sampling pipe with sampling head 21 is pressed into water body assigned address vertically downward, until be pressed into water bottom hard mud layer; From sampling pipe 1 top, pour into water, until fill, overflow, then place ball sealer 3 and seal; Upwards pull up sampling pipe 1, then transfer piston 4 is pushed to sampling pipe from sampling head, contact mud post;
2) while shifting mud sample, to loosen end sealing ball 3, guarantee that mud post is transferred in sampling container under Water Pressure.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310580736.6A CN103674609A (en) | 2013-11-15 | 2013-11-15 | In-situ columnar water silt sampling equipment and method |
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| CN201310580736.6A CN103674609A (en) | 2013-11-15 | 2013-11-15 | In-situ columnar water silt sampling equipment and method |
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| CN103674609A true CN103674609A (en) | 2014-03-26 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108760382A (en) * | 2018-06-07 | 2018-11-06 | 湖南科技大学 | A kind of low disturbance sampler of deposit on marine-bottom surface and its application method |
| CN114877796A (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2022-08-09 | 长沙理工大学 | Rapid determination method for sludge thickness based on oxidation-reduction potential |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201335783Y (en) * | 2009-01-09 | 2009-10-28 | 厦门大学 | Gravity-type columnar sediment sampler |
| CN201497660U (en) * | 2009-08-06 | 2010-06-02 | 河海大学 | Small perturbation layered substrate sludge in situ sampler |
| CN102661877A (en) * | 2012-05-19 | 2012-09-12 | 林映津 | Underwater bottom sludge sample detecting device |
| CN203116998U (en) * | 2013-03-14 | 2013-08-07 | 清华大学 | Stratified sampling device for shallow water sludge |
-
2013
- 2013-11-15 CN CN201310580736.6A patent/CN103674609A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201335783Y (en) * | 2009-01-09 | 2009-10-28 | 厦门大学 | Gravity-type columnar sediment sampler |
| CN201497660U (en) * | 2009-08-06 | 2010-06-02 | 河海大学 | Small perturbation layered substrate sludge in situ sampler |
| CN102661877A (en) * | 2012-05-19 | 2012-09-12 | 林映津 | Underwater bottom sludge sample detecting device |
| CN203116998U (en) * | 2013-03-14 | 2013-08-07 | 清华大学 | Stratified sampling device for shallow water sludge |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108760382A (en) * | 2018-06-07 | 2018-11-06 | 湖南科技大学 | A kind of low disturbance sampler of deposit on marine-bottom surface and its application method |
| CN108760382B (en) * | 2018-06-07 | 2023-05-26 | 湖南科技大学 | Seabed surface sediment low-disturbance sampler and application method thereof |
| CN114877796A (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2022-08-09 | 长沙理工大学 | Rapid determination method for sludge thickness based on oxidation-reduction potential |
| CN114877796B (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2024-01-12 | 长沙理工大学 | Sludge thickness rapid determination method based on oxidation-reduction potential |
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Application publication date: 20140326 |
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