CN203033831U - Compound type surface flow wetland system - Google Patents
Compound type surface flow wetland system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN203033831U CN203033831U CN2012207400482U CN201220740048U CN203033831U CN 203033831 U CN203033831 U CN 203033831U CN 2012207400482 U CN2012207400482 U CN 2012207400482U CN 201220740048 U CN201220740048 U CN 201220740048U CN 203033831 U CN203033831 U CN 203033831U
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- water
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- compound surface
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/30—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
- Y02W10/37—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy
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Abstract
The utility model provides a compound type surface flow wetland system. The compound type surface flow wetland system comprises a water distribution channel for water inflow, and water collecting channels and a plurality of deep ditches, wherein the water collecting channels are located on two sides of the water distribution channel and used for draining water, and the plurality of deep ditches are communicated with the water distribution channel and the water collecting channels. Adjacent deep ditches are communicated through at least two shallow channels to form a plurality of planting base cells, every planting base cell is internally provided with a mixed planting belt located in the middle and an emerging plant belt positioned on the periphery of the mixed planting belt. Emerging plants and submerged plants are interplanted in the mixed planting belts. Solar radiation can be effectively utilized by three-dimensional plant arrangement of the compound type surface flow wetland system, plant photosynthesis in unit area is improved, a habitat suitable for growth is increased, oxidation reduction capability of a wetland substrate is enhanced, purification efficiency of surface flow type artificial wetland is improved, and engineering construction and running costs are reduced.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to field of environment engineering technology, is specifically related to a kind of based on bionic compound surface-flow system.
Background technology
Public water bodies such as current lake, river course all have been subjected to pollution in various degree, for guaranteeing drinking water source safety, need be by building alternate source ground or can improving existing waterhead area water quality by cleaning project, evade growing water supply risk, elimination or the pollution incident of reduction water are to the influence of resident living.Artificial swamp can be guaranteed drinking water source safety as a kind of of cleaning project, also can provide landscape effect, by root, stem, the leaf of waterplant in the wetland and absorption and the strengthened purification effects such as microorganism of adhering to thereof, thin suspended particulate and absorption in the absorption interception water body, the pollutent in purifying waste water, improve water transparency, improve water quality.
Artificial swamp is divided into surface low type wetland and undercurrent type wetland, through the analysis to surface-flow and current wetland construction costs and operation management maintenance, although the purification efficiency of surface-flow is not as the latter, and exist area occupied bigger, wait deficiency to social influences such as expropriation of land removal are bigger, but engineering selects still the surface-flow application more.So how to improve the purification efficiency of surface-flow unit surface, minimizing takies land resources, to ensureing water supply security, safeguards that the social and economic stability development is significant.
In the prior art, general surface-flow substrate is to make up by landform to produce uniform hydraulic load, and only plant emergent, mainly focus on during plants configuration by screening and have organic assembling between the strong plant of unicity detergent power and different plant, habitat diversification is made up, the different plants height reaches fully rationally accepts solar radiation, all less considerations of aspect such as unit surface photosynthesis ability enhancing, very water and submerged plant are united configuration particularly seldom to consider on the same planting matrix of wetland unit plantation simultaneously, water distribution, water delivery and water gathering system area occupied are big, and wetland purification system reality effectively utilizes area and utilising efficiency on the low side.In sum, various surface-flows have that site conditions is single now, wet land system utilizes effectively that area is low, the plant stereoscopic configurations is considered deficiency etc. and the withered back of artificial wetland winter plant purification of water quality ability defective such as can to reduce fairly obvious, so letter is treated a kind of surface-flow system with efficient decontamination effect improving.
The utility model content
The shortcoming of prior art in view of the above, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of can take full advantage of solar radiation, strengthen wetland unit surface processing efficiency, save the compound surface-flow system of engineering construction and running cost, be used for solving the problems of the prior art.
Reach other relevant purposes for achieving the above object, the utility model provides a kind of compound surface-flow system, comprise for the cloth water channel of intaking, be positioned at cloth water channel both sides for many zanjons of the braiding channel of draining and connection cloth water channel and braiding channel, be communicated with a plurality of planting matrix cells of formation by at least two shallow canals between adjacent zanjon, be provided with the mixed planting band that is positioned at the middle part and the emergent vegetation zone of mixed planting band periphery in each described planting matrix cell, interplanting has emergent and submerged plant in the described mixed planting band.
Further, the described planting matrix cell of described mixed planting band distance edge 2m at least.
Further, described emergent comprises a kind of or any kind combination in reed, hay grass, cattail, the cold-resistant water lily.
Further, described submerged plant comprises a kind of or any kind combination in hornwort, hydrilla verticillata, najas marina, water caltrop, the waterweed.
Preferably, all plant in described zanjon and the shallow canal and be implanted with submerged plant.
Further, be lower than planting matrix cell 2m at least at the bottom of the described deep trenches, be lower than planting matrix cell 0.2 ~ 0.5m at the bottom of the described shallow canal canal.
Preferably, described zanjon is vertical with described cloth water channel, and described shallow canal is vertical with described zanjon.
Preferably, the shallow canal edge of outermost is provided with waterwall.
Preferably, described cloth water channel front end is provided with automatic water quality monitoring and flooding velocity control unit; Described automatic water quality monitoring and flooding velocity control unit are made up of automatic water quality monitoring station and water intake pumping station.
By above technical scheme, the utility model has following function and advantage by a kind of compound surface-flow system that makes up based on bionics principle:
(1) three-dimensional combinations of plant can fully absorb sun power, strengthens the transformation efficiency of the solar radiation of unit surface plant, thereby improves the purification of water quality ability of unit surface-flow area, the land resources of saves valuable and corresponding minimizing engineering immigrant removal expense.
(2) three-dimensional combinations of plant can by the effect of blocking of emergent, make the submerged plant of lower floor be unlikely to be directly exposed in the sunlight when water-level fluctuation, guarantees its habitat that survives, grows.
(3) zanjon and shallow canal are except bearing water delivery, water distribution function, at its side slope or bottom kind planting submerged plant, its suitable habitat of giving birth to can obtain the most effective utilization, strengthen whole wetland purification system and effectively utilize area, improve land utilization ratio, and can stop the nature diffusion to guarantee to plant the field planting effect of elementary landscape design by unit such as zanjons.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is floor plan synoptic diagram of the present utility model;
Fig. 2 is vertical layout synoptic diagram of the present utility model;
The element numbers explanation
1 cloth water channel
2 zanjons
3 shallow canals
4 planting matrix cells
5 braiding channels
6 emergents
7 submerged plants
8 waterwalls
Embodiment
Below by particular specific embodiment embodiment of the present utility model is described, person skilled in the art scholar can understand other advantages of the present utility model and effect easily by the disclosed content of this specification sheets.
See also Fig. 1 to Fig. 2.Notice, the appended graphic structure that illustrates of this specification sheets, ratio, size etc., equal contents in order to cooperate specification sheets to disclose only, understand and reading for person skilled in the art scholar, be not in order to limit the enforceable qualifications of the utility model, so technical essential meaning of tool not, the adjustment of the modification of any structure, the change of proportionlity or size, do not influencing under the effect that the utility model can produce and the purpose that can reach, all should still drop on the technology contents that the utility model discloses and get in the scope that can contain.Simultaneously, quote in this specification sheets as " on ", D score, " left side ", " right side ", " centre " reach the term of " " etc., also only for ease of understanding of narrating, but not in order to limit the enforceable scope of the utility model, the change of its relativeness or adjustment, under no essence change technology contents, when also being considered as the enforceable category of the utility model.
Fig. 1 to Fig. 2 shows a kind of embodiment of the utility model composite type artificial wetland, comprise for the cloth water channel 1 of intaking, be positioned at the braiding channel 5 that cloth water channel both sides are used for draining, and many zanjons 2 that are communicated with cloth water channel 1 and braiding channel 5, be communicated with a plurality of planting matrix cells 4 of formation by at least two shallow canals 3 between adjacent zanjon.Cloth water channel 1 is in order to be evenly distributed to the wetland water inlet by in zanjon, crisscross each planting matrix cell 4 that constitutes of shallow canal system system by design discharge, water inflow after planting matrix purifies and the braiding channel 5 that zanjon, shallow canal system system directly communicate make things convenient for row's water-break in the wetland.A plurality of cells are formed a monoblock planting matrix, and planting matrix is the main clean unit of surface-flow, and general length is 50 ~ 70m, and long-width ratio is not less than 2:1, and available depth is 0.3 ~ 0.5m on the planting matrix.The planting matrix top layer is the cultivated soil of planting of natural soils, plough and plant upward different emergent 6 and the submerged plants 7 of stereo planting of soil, be provided with in each planting matrix cell 4 in the utility model be positioned at the middle part the mixed planting band and the emergent vegetation zone of mixed planting band periphery, also expiring to plant in the mixed planting band has emergent 6, but also interplants the low unrooted type submerged plant 7 of light compensation point in emergent 6 lower floors of mixed planting band.Three-dimensional combinations of plant can take full advantage of water-level fluctuation, in scope of design, fluctuate, top water-level is no more than the suitable projected depth of surface-flow, planting matrix reveals the beach during lowest water level, when water-level fluctuation, the effect of blocking by emergent 6, make the submerged plant 7 of lower floor be unlikely to be directly exposed in the sunlight, guarantee that it survives, the growth habitat takes full advantage of sun power, strengthens the transformation efficiency of the solar radiation of unit surface plant, thereby change the environment that the surface-flow substrate is in anaerobic reduction for a long time, by natural oxygen enrichment, improve the purification of water quality ability of unit surface-flow area, economize the land resource.Through after the above-mentioned plant base purifying treatment, come nutritive substance, macrobead suspended substance mass-energy such as nitrogen, phosphorus in the water further to be removed, water body dissolved oxygen, transparency increase significantly.
The water stream channel of the different depth of waters is set in the utility model, forms zanjon, shallow canal system system, can be emergent and submerged plant growth, the performance water quality function provides indispensable basis.The material of zanjon, shallow canal system system is the nature slight slope, can be in the fluctuation of water table district (ordinary water level and lowest water level) cover the gravel of one deck different-grain diameter, strengthen the catalytic oxidation area, other zone covers to plough plants soil, is convenient to plant spreading naturally of plant and plant.Zanjon 2 is artificial plantation submerged plant under lowest water level, shallow canal 3 is channel bottom artificial growth submerged plant, the submerged plant of low, the dyssophotic of selective light compensation point in the zanjon habitat, be conducive to the plant survival of the ice-bound back of northern area in winter and purification of water quality ability and keep, for balanced throughout the year purification of water quality ability provides safeguard.The zanjon system can bring into play depth of water emergent can not growth characteristic, generally be lower than wetland planting matrix 2m at least at the bottom of the zanjon system canal, side slope adopts the natural slope formula, intercepts the unordered diffusion of emergent between different planting matrix cells, the perfect design field planting effect of expressing; Shallow canal system system can provide polynary habitat, be lower than wetland planting matrix 0.2 ~ 0.5cm at the bottom of the shallow canal system system canal, side slope is the natural slope formula, under low-water level, water only flows in zanjon, shallow canal, exposes to be the planting matrix oxygen enrichment behind air, changes the long-term reducing environment of planting matrix, improve the plant-growth base and improve the wetland purification ability, revealing beach planting matrix substrate oxygen enrichment during for seasonal water-level fluctuation provides the effect passage.
Further describe below in conjunction with specific embodiment:
1. scale
Compound wet land system is made of the planting matrix of two groups of parallel connections in the present embodiment, as preferably, and the setting of also can connecting between planting matrix.Planting matrix length and width are about 60m and 30m respectively, and planting matrix is divided into a plurality of planting matrix cells 4 by zanjon, shallow canal, come water to enter each planting matrix cell 4 from cloth water channel 1 by zanjon 2, shallow canal 3, flow out the artificial swamp district by braiding channel 5.
2. zanjon, shallow canal and planting matrix are arranged
Zanjon, planting matrix habitat, shoal be in conjunction with topography reform, satisfies the excavation and filling earthwork balance in the certain limit, and behind the 30 ~ 50cm that backbreaks on the planting matrix, loam backfill 30 ~ 50cm is for emergent and submerged plant provide growing environment.In planting matrix crest level artificial swamp available depth 0.3m.Because of the general high about 2m of emergent, so only plant emergent 6 in close zanjon, the shallow canal 2m scope on the planting matrix; In zanjon, the extraneous mixed planting band of shallow canal 2m, plant emergent 6, and interplant submerged plant 7 in its lower section, form three-dimensional plant growing.
Every long 60m of zanjon, end elevation is identical with elevation at the bottom of the braiding channel or slightly high, and elevation is lower than shoal planting matrix elevation 2m at the bottom of the zanjon, the surplus water of wetland can be discharged, can also prevent spreading and diffusion of emergent, every long 12.5m of shallow canal, end elevation are lower than shoal planting matrix elevation 0.5m.According to water level and the design of substrate elevation, the water after purifying is discharged by braiding channel.
3. waterplant configuration
Determine plantation plant scope and select suitable species according to design operation water level, transparency and water (flow) direction.The fluctuation of water table scope is considered to reveal beach oxygen enrichment, the suitable depth of water of plant-growth and growth rhythm and is required comprehensively to determine.Emergent 6 comprises a kind of or any kind combination in reed, hay grass, cattail, the cold-resistant water lily; Submerged plant 7 comprises a kind of or any kind combination in hornwort, hydrilla verticillata, najas marina, water caltrop, the waterweed.Reed, hay grass, cattail planting density are 4-12 clump/m
2, according to the difference in season, planting patterns is rhizome or adult cuttage; The length of cold-resistant water lily band is more than the 2m, and planting density is 1-2 piece/m
2, planting patterns is the seed covering stem tuber; The planting density of hydrilla verticillata, waterweed, najas marina, hornwort is 10-25 clump/m
2, planting patterns is the cuttage adult; The planting density of water caltrop is 20-40/m
2, planting patterns is for sowing clint.
In addition, cold-resistant water lily has long vegetative period and florescence, can play stronger landscape effect when interception absorbs water pollutant; Hornwort, hydrilla verticillata, najas marina, water caltrop, waterweed are submerged plant, wherein hydrilla verticillata, eel grass be summer kind, waterweed water caltrop be the kind in winter, two class plants are alternating growth within the year, can guarantee the effects of purification quality in anniversary.Reed, hay grass, cattail are emergent, and wherein hay grass and typha angustifolia stem stalk are not obvious, and blade is more, and the reed stem is obvious, and blade is less, and these ecotypic differences reach can effectively remedy defective separately to water nutrition salt absorption difference separately.
Zanjon and shallow canal are only planted planting submerged plant, reach the difference of light intensity under water according to elevation, and light compensation points such as plantation hornwort, hydrilla verticillata, waterweed are low, the submerged plant of dyssophotic, and planting density is 10-25 clump/m
2
4. effect analysis
Report according to the water quality detection that the authoritative institution with water quality monitoring (WQM) qualification provides, result from practical application, under above-mentioned construction scale and hydraulic load condition, many life-forms surface-flow that the utility model adopts different life-forms, the waterplant of different life cycles to arrange in pairs or groups mutually and make up, in Various Seasonal effects of purification quality there is certain difference, purification of water quality is played certain guaranteeing role in the effect under the low temperature season.To water quality TP, TN, NH
3The average of the whole year clearance of-N, COD and SS index is respectively 31.7%, 13.8%, 30.8%, 13.1% and 36.5%, and dissolved oxygen on average promotes 38.8%, and transparency on average promotes 118%.The water body quality has reached and has entered follow-up artificial swamp, landscape water body and based on the requirement of the ecosystem of submerged plant, can directly enter follow-up unit and carry out deep purifying.
The utility model other auxiliary facility of also can suiting measures to local conditions to arrange, as can automatic water quality monitoring and flooding velocity control unit being set at cloth water channel front end, automatic water quality monitoring and flooding velocity control unit are made up of automatic water quality monitoring station and water intake pumping station.By the adjustment of water inlet pumping plant traffic control, change the wetland flooding velocity, water level in the control wetland purification unit, imitation semi diurnal tide or year interior water-level fluctuation match with astronomical morning and evening tides and the plant-growth rhythm and pace of moving things.The setting of the shallow canal edge waterwall 8 by intake pump and outermost makes that the hydraulic detention time of artificial wet land system is not less than 6h in the utility model, can be directly from wetland top layer cross flow process when water level is high, from wetland zanjon and shallow canal, flow when water level is low.
In sum, the three-dimensional plants configuration of the compound surface-flow of the utility model system can effectively be utilized solar radiation, improve the unit surface photosynthesis of plant, increase and be fit to the growth habitat, strengthen the redox ability of wetland substrate, improve and improve the purification efficiency of surface low type artificial swamp, save engineering construction and running cost.So the utility model has effectively overcome various shortcoming of the prior art and the tool high industrial utilization.
Above-described embodiment is illustrative principle of the present utility model and effect thereof only, but not is used for restriction the utility model.Any person skilled in the art scholar all can be under spirit of the present utility model and category, and above-described embodiment is modified or changed.Therefore, have in the technical field under such as and know that usually the knowledgeable modifies or changes not breaking away from all equivalences of finishing under spirit that the utility model discloses and the technological thought, must be contained by claim of the present utility model.
Claims (9)
1. compound surface-flow system, it is characterized in that, comprise for the cloth water channel of intaking, be positioned at cloth water channel both sides for many zanjons of the braiding channel of draining and connection cloth water channel and braiding channel, be communicated with a plurality of planting matrix cells of formation by at least two shallow canals between adjacent zanjon, be provided with the mixed planting band that is positioned at the middle part and the emergent vegetation zone of mixed planting band periphery in each described planting matrix cell, interplanting has emergent and submerged plant in the described mixed planting band.
2. compound surface-flow according to claim 1 system is characterized in that the described planting matrix cell of described mixed planting band distance edge is 2m at least.
3. compound surface-flow according to claim 1 system is characterized in that described emergent comprises a kind of or any kind combination in reed, hay grass, cattail, the cold-resistant water lily.
4. compound surface-flow according to claim 1 system is characterized in that described submerged plant comprises a kind of or any kind combination in hornwort, hydrilla verticillata, najas marina, water caltrop, the waterweed.
5. compound surface-flow according to claim 1 system is characterized in that, all plants in described zanjon and the shallow canal and is implanted with submerged plant.
6. compound surface-flow according to claim 1 system is characterized in that, is lower than planting matrix cell 2m at least at the bottom of the described deep trenches, is lower than planting matrix cell 0.2 ~ 0.5m at the bottom of the described shallow canal canal.
7. compound surface-flow according to claim 1 system is characterized in that described zanjon is vertical with described cloth water channel, and described shallow canal is vertical with described zanjon.
8. compound surface-flow according to claim 1 system is characterized in that the shallow canal edge of outermost is provided with waterwall.
9. according to each described compound surface-flow system of claim 1-8, it is characterized in that described cloth water channel front end is provided with automatic water quality monitoring and flooding velocity control unit; Described automatic water quality monitoring and flooding velocity control unit are made up of automatic water quality monitoring station and water intake pumping station.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012207400482U CN203033831U (en) | 2012-12-28 | 2012-12-28 | Compound type surface flow wetland system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2012207400482U CN203033831U (en) | 2012-12-28 | 2012-12-28 | Compound type surface flow wetland system |
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| CN203033831U true CN203033831U (en) | 2013-07-03 |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103043800A (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2013-04-17 | 上海勘测设计研究院 | Composite surface flow wetland system |
| CN103755035A (en) * | 2014-02-10 | 2014-04-30 | 天津市水利科学研究院 | Surface flow wetland water purification system with combined-type flows and water purification method |
| CN104016489A (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2014-09-03 | 贵州华源环保科技发展有限公司 | Suspended biological bed minitype domestic sewage treatment system |
| CN105174482A (en) * | 2015-10-16 | 2015-12-23 | 山东大学 | Three-dike two-passage reinforced surface flow artificial wetland and operation method of three-dike two-passage reinforced surface flow artificial wetland |
| CN114031183A (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2022-02-11 | 盐城师范学院 | Composite surface flow wetland system |
-
2012
- 2012-12-28 CN CN2012207400482U patent/CN203033831U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103043800A (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2013-04-17 | 上海勘测设计研究院 | Composite surface flow wetland system |
| CN103755035A (en) * | 2014-02-10 | 2014-04-30 | 天津市水利科学研究院 | Surface flow wetland water purification system with combined-type flows and water purification method |
| CN104016489A (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2014-09-03 | 贵州华源环保科技发展有限公司 | Suspended biological bed minitype domestic sewage treatment system |
| CN105174482A (en) * | 2015-10-16 | 2015-12-23 | 山东大学 | Three-dike two-passage reinforced surface flow artificial wetland and operation method of three-dike two-passage reinforced surface flow artificial wetland |
| CN114031183A (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2022-02-11 | 盐城师范学院 | Composite surface flow wetland system |
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