Background technology
Jilin Province is the main place of production of China's Maize Production, about 2,100,000 hectares of annual maize sown area, and about 2,100 ten thousand tons of output, simultaneously, as the additional crops of corn planting, the amount usable conservative estimation of maize straw is above 2,300 ten thousand tons.Contain 35%~40% cellulose in the stalk, 20%~25% lignin, about 20% hemicellulose also has 10% heteroproteose cell and ash content, is good renewable resource.But its utilization rate is only 20% at present, and most stalk can be burnt or pile up rotten after reaping corn is complete on the spot.So, not only cause the waste of ample resources, also seriously polluted surrounding enviroment.Especially pile up the method for rotting, pass the winter safely for diseases and pests of agronomic crop condition is provided.
Because Jilin Province is the large province of corn planting, province governments at all levels attach great importance to the recovery energy of maize straw, and in ' 12 ' development plan, the stalk comprehensive utilization are supported the field as emphasis.According to investigation, many countries, enterprise have all launched to be applied to plastify the research and probe of product, sheet material processing with stalk as raw material, but really realize the also few of industrialization.To the recycling of stalk, a maximum difficult problem is the preliminary treatment to stalk, namely how the sugar in the stalk is separated.Contain the xylitol composition in the stalk, xylitol will cause maize straw to produce carbonization phenomenon in the situation of HTHP, at the PE(polythene material) in the production operation of extrusion molding, if do feed supplement with maize straw, comparatively serious straw-carbonized phenomenon then can occur, thereby affect dramatically the quality of PE material.
In order to solve the carbonization problem of maize straw, exactly the xylitol in the stalk is removed.According to the characteristic of stalk, the content of xylitol is less than 10% in the straw skin, and the content of xylitol is greater than 90% in the stalk stalks of rice, wheat, etc.Therefore, if so that straw skin, the stalks of rice, wheat, etc. separate, just can be by reducing xylitol compositions most in the stalk, thus effectively solve straw-carbonized problem.
The device that straw skin, the stalks of rice, wheat, etc. are separated that provides in the prior art only is delivered to eminence by conveying device with the stalk of pulverizing, then stalk in the process that naturally falls by the selection by winnowing effect realization straw skin of blower fan and separating of the stalk stalks of rice, wheat, etc.But, the prerequisite of this detached job is that the stalk after pulverizing needs to disperse fully, if assembling, stalk particle can't form the waterfall fabric, then can have a strong impact on the separating effect of straw skin and the stalk stalks of rice, wheat, etc., so need to carry out the multiple reversal subdivision from operation, so that the separative efficiency of the separator that provides in the prior art is lower.
In sum, how to improve the separative efficiency of straw skin and stalk stalks of rice, wheat, etc. separator, become those skilled in the art's problem demanding prompt solution.
The utility model content
The technical problems to be solved in the utility model is for providing a kind of selection by winnowing piece-rate system, and this selection by winnowing piece-rate system can realize improving the purpose of straw skin and stalk stalks of rice, wheat, etc. separator separative efficiency by its structural design.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the utility model provides a kind of selection by winnowing piece-rate system, is used for the separating of stalk straw skin and the stalk stalks of rice, wheat, etc. comprised:
Stalk is carried out the reducing mechanism of elementary pulverization process;
To the transfer pipeline that stalk is carried, the charging aperture of described transfer pipeline is connected with the discharging opening of described reducing mechanism;
To the eddy flow machine that described stalk carries out secondary pulverizing and dispels, described eddy flow machine is installed in the described transfer pipeline;
Stalk is carried out the negative pressure selection by winnowing box assembly of selection by winnowing, described negative pressure selection by winnowing box assembly comprises negative pressure Winnowing box and negative-pressure air fan, described negative pressure Winnowing box is rectangular structure, along offering air inlet and air outlet on two relative sidewalls of the length direction of described negative pressure Winnowing box, the top board of described negative pressure Winnowing box offers the charging aperture that falls into for stalk particle near an end of described air inlet; Described negative-pressure air fan is installed on the described air outlet and is used to form negative pressure, and described negative pressure wind enters in the described negative pressure Winnowing box in described air inlet.
Preferably, described reducing mechanism is mixer.
Preferably, also be provided with the pipeline blower fan that described stalk is provided transmitting power in the described transfer pipeline.
Preferably, the discharge end of described transfer pipeline is provided with the relief tube that stalk is slowed down, and is provided with the pressure release net in the described relief tube.
Preferably, also be provided with on the described relief tube for the observation window of observing.
Preferably, the utility model also comprises and is no less than two the Winnowing box that stalk is collected.
Preferably, described eddy flow facility have the eddy flow air channel, are provided with the bump projection in the described eddy flow air channel.
The utility model provides a kind of selection by winnowing piece-rate system, is used for the separating of stalk straw skin and the stalk stalks of rice, wheat, etc. comprised: the reducing mechanism that stalk is carried out elementary pulverization process; To the transfer pipeline that stalk is carried, the charging aperture of transfer pipeline is connected with the discharging opening of reducing mechanism; To the eddy flow machine that stalk carries out secondary pulverizing and dispels, the eddy flow machine is installed in the transfer pipeline; Stalk is carried out the negative pressure selection by winnowing box assembly of selection by winnowing, negative pressure selection by winnowing box assembly comprises negative pressure Winnowing box and negative-pressure air fan, the negative pressure Winnowing box is rectangular structure, along offering air inlet and air outlet on two relative sidewalls of the length direction of negative pressure Winnowing box, the top board of negative pressure Winnowing box offers the charging aperture that falls into for stalk particle near an end of air inlet; Negative-pressure air fan is installed on the air outlet and is used to form negative pressure, and negative pressure wind enters in the negative pressure Winnowing box in air inlet.
Reducing mechanism can be pulverized stalk, make it form stalk particle, in the process of crushed stalk, straw skin and the stalk stalks of rice, wheat, etc. are realized primary separation, then in process that stalk particle is carried and follow-up processing procedure, again separate, finally reach the straw skin of higher degree and the separation between the stalk stalks of rice, wheat, etc.Stalk particle after the pulverizing enters into transfer pipeline, by transfer pipeline stalk particle is delivered to eminence, so that stalk particle can carry out nature.The eddy flow machine can be so that the eddy flow of granular stalk generation rule, thereby stalk particle is fully broken up, and avoids blanking not to be negative pressure nature selection by winnowing condition is provided.The selection by winnowing piece-rate system adopts negative-pressure air fan to provide wind-force for the selection by winnowing of stalk particle, realizes the separating treatment to straw skin and the stalk stalks of rice, wheat, etc.
The negative pressure Winnowing box that the utility model provides is rectangular structure, along offering air inlet and air outlet on two relative sidewalls of the length direction of negative pressure Winnowing box, the top board of negative pressure Winnowing box offers the charging aperture that falls into for stalk particle near an end of air inlet; Be installed on the negative-pressure air fan that is used to form negative pressure on the air outlet, negative pressure wind enters in the negative pressure Winnowing box in air inlet.
In said structure, air can enter into the negative pressure Winnowing box by air inlet under suction function, and provides selection by winnowing power to the stalk particle that falls.Negative-pressure air fan is transferred negative pressure Winnowing box Air, therefore, the pressure decreased in the negative pressure Winnowing box, extraneous air formation negative-pressure air-flow is blown in the negative pressure Winnowing box with the form of negative pressure wind.Because the volume of negative pressure Winnowing box is larger, it has cushioning effect to the negative pressure wind that negative-pressure air fan forms in the process that enters into the negative pressure Winnowing box, so that negative pressure wind leniently separates with the stalk stalks of rice, wheat, etc. straw skin gently, its separating effect is comparatively desirable.
The underbalance effect that produces in the negative pressure Winnowing box can produce even wind speed within the specific limits, and the intense beam wind of avoiding malleation to bring reduces the selection by winnowing effect, thereby has improved selection by winnowing effect of the present utility model.A kind of Winnowing separator that the utility model provides, by using the negative pressure Winnowing box that straw skin and the stalk stalks of rice, wheat, etc. are carried out the selection by winnowing operation, because the negative pressure Winnowing box can avoid natural wind on the impact of stalk particle fully, thereby improved the separating effect of straw skin and the stalk stalks of rice, wheat, etc., because the raising of separating effect, the operation of doing over again of having avoided straw skin to separate with the stalk stalks of rice, wheat, etc., thus realized improving the purpose of straw skin and stalk stalks of rice, wheat, etc. separator separative efficiency.
The selection by winnowing piece-rate system that the utility model provides, design by said structure, the eddy flow machine is fully broken up stalk particle, the phenomenon that makes it not exist particle to unite, thereby improved the selection by winnowing effect, avoid doing over again of separation, reached the purpose that improves straw skin and stalk stalks of rice, wheat, etc. separator separative efficiency.
The specific embodiment
Core of the present utility model is for providing a kind of selection by winnowing piece-rate system, this selection by winnowing piece-rate system is by arranging the eddy flow machine, stalk particle can be broken up comparatively equably by the eddy flow machine, can carry out comparatively dispersedly nature, improve the selection by winnowing effect, avoid doing over again of separation, thereby realized improving the purpose of straw skin and stalk stalks of rice, wheat, etc. separator separative efficiency.
In order to make those skilled in the art understand better the technical solution of the utility model, the utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Please refer to Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, wherein, Fig. 1 is the structural representation of selection by winnowing piece-rate system among a kind of embodiment of the utility model; Fig. 2 is the structural representation of eddy flow machine among a kind of embodiment of the utility model; Fig. 3 is the flow chart of wind election process among a kind of embodiment of the utility model.
The utility model provides a kind of selection by winnowing piece-rate system, is used for the separating of stalk straw skin and the stalk stalks of rice, wheat, etc., and the selection by winnowing piece-rate system that the utility model provides is to separate with straw skin according to the stalk stalks of rice, wheat, etc. of following principle to stalk.
For the material that carries out the nature whereabouts, under the wind-force effect that is subject to horizontal direction, the material of different specific weight will produce different whereabouts gradients, and proportion is larger, gradient is less.Because straw skin is different from the quality of the stalk stalks of rice, wheat, etc. in the stalk, its proportion is different, therefore under the selection by winnowing wind-force that manually provides, will have different gradients in dropping process, and its pick-up point is different, thereby realizes separating purpose.
In order to improve the selection by winnowing piece-rate system to the separating effect of stalk, the utility model proposes following conceptual design, comprising: the reducing mechanism 1 that stalk is carried out elementary pulverization process; To the transfer pipeline 2 that stalk is carried, the charging aperture of transfer pipeline 2 is connected with the discharging opening of reducing mechanism 1; To the eddy flow machine 3 that stalk carries out secondary pulverizing and dispels, eddy flow machine 3 is installed in the transfer pipeline 2; Stalk is carried out the negative-pressure air fan 4 of selection by winnowing blowing.
Reducing mechanism 1 can be pulverized stalk, make it form stalk particle, in the process of crushed stalk, straw skin and the stalk stalks of rice, wheat, etc. are realized primary separation, then in process that stalk particle is carried and follow-up processing procedure, again separate, finally reach the straw skin of higher degree and the separation between the stalk stalks of rice, wheat, etc.
Need to prove, being separated into respect to stalk separating generally speaking between the above-mentioned straw skin that relates to and the stalk stalks of rice, wheat, etc., from body, the separation before not carrying out the selection by winnowing operation only is that straw skin separates with the stalk stalks of rice, wheat, etc., but still is admixture.
Stalk particle after the pulverizing enters into transfer pipeline 2, by transfer pipeline 2 stalk particle is delivered to eminence, so that stalk particle can carry out nature.
In order to reach the purpose that stalk particle is fully broken up, the utility model provides eddy flow machine 3 especially, eddy flow machine 3 can be so that the eddy flow of granular stalk generation rule, thereby stalk particle is fully broken up, and avoids blanking not to be negative pressure nature selection by winnowing condition is provided.Eddy flow machine 3 is installed in the transfer pipeline 2, stalk particle in eddy flow machine 3 because the wind-force effect produces eddy flow, at this moment, can produce bump between the stalk particle or between the air channel ancient piece of jade, round, flat and with a hole in its centre of stalk particle and eddy flow machine 3, thereby further improve the separation degree between straw skin and the stalk stalks of rice, wheat, etc.
The negative pressure Winnowing box that the utility model provides is rectangular structure, along offering air inlet and air outlet on two relative sidewalls of the length direction of negative pressure Winnowing box, the top board of negative pressure Winnowing box offers the charging aperture that falls into for stalk particle near an end of air inlet; Be installed on the negative-pressure air fan that is used to form negative pressure on the air outlet, negative pressure wind enters in the negative pressure Winnowing box in air inlet.
In said structure, air can enter into the negative pressure Winnowing box by air inlet under the suction function, and provides selection by winnowing power to the stalk particle that falls.Negative-pressure air fan is transferred negative pressure Winnowing box Air, therefore, the pressure decreased in the negative pressure Winnowing box, extraneous air formation negative-pressure air-flow is blown in the negative pressure Winnowing box with the form of negative pressure wind.Because the volume of negative pressure Winnowing box is larger, it has cushioning effect to the negative pressure wind that negative-pressure air fan forms in the process that enters into the negative pressure Winnowing box, so that negative pressure wind leniently separates with the stalk stalks of rice, wheat, etc. straw skin gently, its separating effect is comparatively desirable.
The underbalance effect that produces in the negative pressure Winnowing box can produce even wind speed within the specific limits, and the intense beam wind of avoiding malleation to bring reduces the selection by winnowing effect, thereby has improved selection by winnowing effect of the present utility model.A kind of Winnowing separator that the utility model provides, by using the negative pressure Winnowing box that straw skin and the stalk stalks of rice, wheat, etc. are carried out the selection by winnowing operation, because the negative pressure Winnowing box can avoid natural wind on the impact of stalk particle fully, thereby improved the separating effect of straw skin and the stalk stalks of rice, wheat, etc., because the raising of separating effect, the operation of doing over again of having avoided straw skin to separate with the stalk stalks of rice, wheat, etc., thus realized improving the purpose of straw skin and stalk stalks of rice, wheat, etc. separator separative efficiency.
In the utility model, the selection by winnowing piece-rate system adopts negative-pressure air fan 4 to provide wind-force for the selection by winnowing of stalk particle.Generally speaking, the stalk particle outlet of transfer pipeline 2 is arranged at eminence, thereby so that stalk particle falls naturally, downside in the outlet of the stalk particle of transfer pipeline 2 arranges negative-pressure air fan 4, the wind-force of level can be provided the stalk particle that naturally falls, realize separating treatment to straw skin and the stalk stalks of rice, wheat, etc. by above-mentioned separation principle the utility model.
The selection by winnowing piece-rate system that the utility model provides, design by said structure, eddy flow machine 3 is fully broken up stalk particle, the phenomenon that makes it not exist particle to unite, thereby improved the selection by winnowing effect, avoid doing over again of separation, reached the purpose that improves straw skin and stalk stalks of rice, wheat, etc. separator separative efficiency.
Particularly, reducing mechanism 1 is mixer in the present embodiment, uses mixer that stalk is pulverized, not only can be with straw chopping, can also in the process that stalk is pulverized, carry out powerful impacting to stalk or stalk particle, so that straw skin fully separates with the stalk stalks of rice, wheat, etc.Certainly, the pulverizer that provides in the prior art can also be provided reducing mechanism 1, also can realize the pulverizing purpose of stalk.
The utility model adopts pipe-line system (transfer pipeline 2) that stalk particle is carried, and in order to provide power to stalk particle, the utility model also is provided with the pipeline blower fan that stalk (particle) is provided transmitting power in transfer pipeline 2.By the pipeline blower fan stalk particle is carried out dynamic transport, not only realized the movement of stalk particle in transfer pipeline 2, also further improved the degree of scatter of stalk particle.
The utility model is to providing selection by winnowing wind-force to realize separating by 4 pairs of stalk particles of negative-pressure air fan between straw skin and the stalk stalks of rice, wheat, etc., and the requirement of selection by winnowing lock out operation is: stalk particle falls naturally.Yet, in the utility model, adopt the pipeline blower fan to provide transmitting power to stalk particle, and providing eddy flow machine 3 fully breaks up stalk particle, so arranging all will be so that stalk particle has larger kinetic energy, leave the stalk particle outlet of transfer pipeline 2 at stalk particle after, will under the kinetic energy that self has, carry out irregular motion (forming the situation that stalk particle disorderly flies).So, will affect the selection by winnowing effect.
Therefore, in order to address the above problem, in the present embodiment, the discharge end of transfer pipeline 2 (stalk particle outlet) is provided with the relief tube 5 that stalk is slowed down, and is provided with the pressure release net in the relief tube 5.The pressure release net is a kind of dividing plate that is provided with through hole, and the closeness that through hole is offered is higher, and when a large amount of stalk particles passed through relief tube 5, it is online that stalk particle strikes pressure release, falls the purpose of energy (reduction kinetic energy) thereby reach to slow down.Simultaneously, stalk particle also has the effect that stalk particle is separated again with effect of impact between the pressure release net.In the present embodiment, by being set, relief tube 5 can so that stalk particle is stably exported, improve the selection by winnowing effect of negative-pressure air fan 4 from transfer pipeline 2.
Certainly, can also adopt the method that prolongs transfer pipeline 2 to reduce the purpose of stalk particle kinetic energy.Those skilled in the art as can be known, stalk particle advances in the pipeline of transfer pipeline 2, if stalk particle has higher kinetic energy, then can be in pipeline disorderly fly, and therefore, is that its kinetic energy reduces gradually in the process that the tube wall of pipeline bumps.If transfer pipeline 2 has long length, equally can so that stalk particle steadily export.
Particularly, also be provided with on the relief tube 5 for the observation window of observing.Observation window is set, is convenient to personnel's observation, thereby understand the operation conditions of native system.
For the ease of the straw skin and the stalk stalks of rice, wheat, etc. that land are collected, the utility model also provides and has been no less than two the Winnowing box 6 that stalk is collected.When negative-pressure air fan 4 operates with rated power, the selection by winnowing wind-force substantially constant that it provides, at this moment, the pick-up point of the stalk stalks of rice, wheat, etc. or straw skin also remains unchanged substantially.At the predetermined stalk stalks of rice, wheat, etc. and the pick-up point of straw skin Winnowing box 6 is set, so that straw skin and the stalk stalks of rice, wheat, etc. directly fall into Winnowing box 6, is convenient to the collection operation of stalk particle.
Particularly, eddy flow machine 3 has the eddy flow air channel, is provided with the bump projection in the eddy flow air channel.The purpose that bump projection is set is: make stalk particle under cyclonic action, strike on the bump projection, thereby strengthen the effect of peeling off between straw skin and the stalk stalks of rice, wheat, etc.
More than a kind of selection by winnowing piece-rate system provided by the utility model is described in detail.Used specific case herein principle of the present utility model and embodiment are set forth, the explanation of above embodiment just is used for helping to understand method of the present utility model and core concept thereof.Should be understood that; for those skilled in the art; under the prerequisite that does not break away from the utility model principle, can also carry out some improvement and modification to the utility model, these improvement and modification also fall in the protection domain of the utility model claim.