CN202246872U - 一种印制板酸性蚀刻废液的再生和铜回收系统 - Google Patents
一种印制板酸性蚀刻废液的再生和铜回收系统 Download PDFInfo
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- CN202246872U CN202246872U CN2011202314749U CN201120231474U CN202246872U CN 202246872 U CN202246872 U CN 202246872U CN 2011202314749 U CN2011202314749 U CN 2011202314749U CN 201120231474 U CN201120231474 U CN 201120231474U CN 202246872 U CN202246872 U CN 202246872U
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- acid etching
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- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
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- 230000001105 regulatory Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
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Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
本实用新型公开了一种印制板酸性蚀刻废液的再生和铜回收系统，以解决现有技术生产的再生液需要阴极液调节，增加设备，占用空间，成本高，工艺步骤复杂等缺陷，所述的印制板酸性蚀刻废液的再生和铜回收的系统包括电解槽，阳极液存储槽，阴极液循环槽，电解槽阳极部分产生的阳极液经阳极液存储槽直接进入酸性蚀刻机，阴极部分连接有阴极循环槽，本实用新型不需要阴极液与阳极液混合的步骤，简化了工艺步骤，节约了成本。
Description
一种印制板酸性蚀刻废液的再生和铜回收系统
技术领域
[0001] 本实用新型涉及原材料的回收利用领域，尤其是涉及一种印制板酸性蚀刻废液的蚀刻液再生和铜回收系统。
背景技术
[0002] 近20年来，我国PCB行业一直保持高于10 %的年增长速度，目前有多种规模的 PCB企业近5000家，年产量达到3亿平方米。中国PCB工业要想持续快速发展，必须走清洁生产的道路。蚀刻废液含有大量的铜氨络离子、氨水、氯化物及其他无机盐类，废泥渣和废边料中都含有可以回收利用的重金属。目前，国内大多数PCB企业一般都是将废蚀刻液卖给专门的公司进行处理，这种处理方式存在着严重的弊病，如没有处理彻底就排放到大自然中将会造成灾难性的后果。
[0003] 目前，传统处理废酸性蚀刻液的方法生产的再生液无法达到生产作业的要求，效率低，生产周期长，工艺步骤复杂等缺陷，同时又有大量的废水和废气的产生。
实用新型内容
[0004] 本实用新型提供了一种印制板酸性蚀刻废液的再生和铜回收系统，以解决现有技术生产的再生液需要阴极液调节，不仅增加设备，占用空间，成本高，工艺步骤复杂，生产周期长等缺陷。
[0005] 本实用新型所述的印制板酸性蚀刻废液的再生和铜回收的系统，其包括电解槽， 电解槽设有阳离子隔膜，将电解槽分为阳极部分和阴极部分，所述的电解槽的阳极部分、阳极液存储槽和酸性蚀刻机连通构成闭路循环系统，即为所述的再生系统，电解槽阴极部分与固液分离装置连通构成闭路循环系统，即为所述的铜回收系统。所述的再生系统、铜回收系统彼此独立，再生系统不需要与阴极液存储槽连通，再生液不需要阴极液来调节，这样工艺过程简化，步骤简单，并且因为两系统独立，两系统易于控制。
[0006] 其中，包括阴极液循环槽，所述的阴极液循环槽与电解槽阴极部分连通形成闭路循环。可以调节阴极部分阴极液的浓度，使阴极液达到电解要求，使阴极液与阳极液有一定的浓度差，进而调节阳极液中的铜离子浓度，同时降低了固液分离装置过滤流量，降低了固液分离装置的负荷，提高了铜回收的收率。
[0007] 其中，所述的酸性蚀刻机通过管道与废液中转缸连通，废液中转缸与废液过滤装置连通，废液过滤装置与电解槽阳极部分连通。
[0008] 其中，电解槽的电极板为钛材质，阳极板上设有氧化铱涂层。
[0009] 其中，电解槽的电极板与电流控制装置连接。
[0010] 本实用新型是一种在线的再生系统，不需要阴极液与阳极液混合来调节再生液， 可使蚀刻液恢复原有的蚀刻效能，简化了工艺步骤，不需增加设备，设备占地面积小，电流密度大、产能高，降低了生产成本。再生系统和铜回收系统是相互独立的系统，这样工艺过程简化，易于控制。阴极液的循环可以调节阴极液的浓度，使阳极液与阴极液具有一定的浓度差，进而调节阳极液中的铜离子浓度，同时降低了固液分离装置过滤流量，降低了固液分离装置的负荷，提高了铜回收的收率。并且本方法及系统不产生废气，没有废液排出，废液可以循环利用，属绿色工艺。
附图说明
[0011] 图1为本发明所述的印制板酸性蚀刻废液的再生和铜回收系统结构示意图；
[0012] 图2为本发明所述的印制板酸性蚀刻废液的再生和铜回收系统的工艺流程图。
[0013] 附图标记
[0014] 1-电解槽，2-阴极液循环槽，3-固液分离装置，4-阳极液存储槽，5-废液过滤装置，6-酸性蚀刻机，7-电解槽阳极部分，8-电解槽阴极部分，9-阴极液残液槽，10-废液中转缸。
具体实施方式
[0015] 如图1所示，为本发明所述的印制板酸性蚀刻废液的再生和铜回收系统的结构示意图，印制板酸性蚀刻废液的再生和铜回收系统包括电解槽1，阴极液循环槽2，固液分离装置3，阳极液存储槽4，废液过滤装置5，酸性蚀刻机6，电解槽阳极部分7，电解槽阴极部分 8，阴极液残液槽9，废液中转缸10。电解再生系统包括阳极液存储槽4，废液过滤装置5，酸性蚀刻机6，电解槽阳极部分7，废液中转缸10，电解槽阳极部分7通过管道与阳极液存储槽4连通，阳极液存储槽4通过管道与酸性蚀刻液机6连通，酸性蚀刻机6与废液中转缸10 连通，废液中转缸10与废液过滤装置5连通，废液过滤装置5与电解槽的阳极部分7连通。 所述的电解槽中设有阳离子隔膜，将电解槽分为阳极部分7和阴极部分8，阳离子隔膜相当于选择性透过膜，阳极液中的阳离子可以透过离子隔膜进入到阴极部分，而阴极液中的阴离子不能透过阳离子隔膜，这样阳极液中的铜离子可以透过膜进入阴极部分8中，降低阳极液中铜离子的浓度，所述的阳极液为再生液，使再生液的效能提高。阳极部分7和阴极部分8内分别设有阳极板和阴极板。
[0016] 优选的，所述的阳极板与阴极板为钛材料制成，阳极板表面涂有一钼族贵金属涂层，涂层优选为氧化铱，氧化铱涂层可以吸附氯气，当电解槽内发生氧化还原反应时，不会有氯气和氢气的析出，从而没有废气排放，不污染环境，具有环保性。阴极板和阳极板分别与高频整流机连接，电流控制装置与电解槽的电极板通过铜排连接，电流控制装置控制通电电流在2800-3200A范围内。
[0017] 铜回收系统包括阴极液循环槽2，固液分离装置3，电解槽阴极部分8，阴极液残液槽9。电解槽的阴极部分8与固液分离装置3通过管道连通，固液分离装置3通过管道与阴极液残液槽9连通，阴极液残液槽9通过管道与电解槽的阴极部分8连通。电解槽阴极部分8电解产生的阴极液经固液分离装置将铜粉分离出来，剩下的阴极液进入到阴极液残液槽9中存储，用于补充到电解槽的阴极部分8中，阴极液可以循环利用，不产生废液。在电解槽阴极部分8与阴极液循环槽10形成闭路循环系统。电解槽阴极部分8的上清液进入阴极液循环槽10，然后流入电解槽阴极部分8，起到调节阴极部分8的阴极液中铜离子浓度，可以调节阴极部分阴极液的浓度，使阴极液达到电解要求，使阴极液与阳极液有一定的浓度差，进而调节阳极液中的铜离子浓度，达到阴极液的循环利用，同时降低了固液分离装置过滤流量，降低了固液分离装置的负荷，提高了铜回收的收率。
[0018] 酸性蚀刻机6产生的酸性蚀刻废液经过废液中转缸10，再经过废液过滤装置5过滤，进入到电解槽阳极部分7中电解，输送量范围为2500L-3500L/h，酸性蚀刻废液发生氧化反应，电解电流控制范围为2800-3200A，提高其氧化还原电位到480MV以上，使阳极液达到蚀刻作业要求，不需要阴极液与阳极液混合，用阴极液调节阳极液，就可使阳极液达到蚀刻作业要求，简化工艺步骤，氧化还原电位优选为480MV-550MV范围内。氧化还原电位根据废液输送量进行调解。当氧化还原电位超过550MV时增大蚀刻废液的输送量；当氧化还原电位低于480MV时，减小蚀刻废液的输送量。调整范围要在要求的输送量内，还不能使氧化还原电位在480〜550MV内，就要调整电流大小，电流增大，氧化还原电位升高，电流减小， 氧化还原电位降低。阳极液中的亚铜络离子氧化成铜络离子。电解前，阴极液由酸性蚀刻废液用水稀释而成，其铜离子的浓度控制范围为15-25g/L。阳极液与阴极液存在一定的铜浓度差，通电电解时，在化学势的作用下，阳极液中的部分铜离子透过阳离子隔膜进入到阴极液中，从而使阳极部分的酸性蚀刻液中铜离子浓度下降至一定的范围，从而使阳极部分的酸性蚀刻液的化学组成、氧化还原电位及铜离子浓度恢复如初，所述的酸性蚀刻再生液的铜离子浓度范围为1.2-1.4g/ml，酸度控制范围为1.0-2. 5摩尔/升，氧化还原电位控制范围为480-550MV。再生的酸性蚀刻液，经阳极液存储槽4，然后进入酸性蚀刻机6，酸性蚀刻机6上产生的废液经过过滤再进入电解槽电解，达到酸性蚀刻废液的循环利用。阴极部分8的阴极液经固液分离装置2将铜粉分离出来，可直接销售，也可压成团后销售。在通电电解的12小时后，进行一次出铜处理。
[0019] 电解再生系统和回收铜系统是互为独立的，电解再生系统在工作时，回收铜系统停止工作；电解再生系统在电解10-12个小时后必须进行一次回收铜处理，否则产生的过多容易造成堵塞管路，使阴阳极短接。
[0020] 如图2所示，为本发明所述的印制板酸性蚀刻废液的再生和铜回收的工艺流程示意图，酸性蚀刻废液经过滤去除杂质，进入电解槽电解，再生的酸性蚀刻液进入到阳极液存储槽，当阳极液存储槽达到一定量时，再生的酸性蚀刻液进入酸性蚀刻生产线，酸性蚀刻生产线产生的酸性蚀刻废液经过废液中转缸，再经过滤进入到电解槽，形成酸性蚀刻液再生的循环利用；电解槽阴极部分产生的阴极液中含有铜粉，阴极液经过固液分离，将分离出来的铜粉洗干净后装袋，剩下的阴极液进入到阴极液残液槽，当达到一定量后，进入电解槽的阴极部分，达到阴极液的循环利用，电解槽阴极部分与阴极液循环槽形成闭路循环，阴极液循环槽用于调节阴极部分中阴极液的铜离子浓度，使其达到电解要求。
[0021] 本发明是一种在线的再生方法，不需要阴极液与阳极液混合来调节再生液，可使蚀刻液恢复原有的蚀刻效能，简化了工艺步骤，不需增加设备，设备占地面积小，电流密度大、产能高，降低了生产成本。再生系统和铜回收系统是独立的系统，这样工艺过程简化，易于控制，阴极液的循环可以调节阴极液的浓度，使阳极液与阴极液具有一定的浓度差，进而调节阳极液中的铜离子浓度，同时降低了固液分离装置过滤流量，降低了固液分离装置的负荷，提高了铜回收的收率。并且本方法及系统不产生废气，没有废液排出，废液可以循环利用，属绿色工艺。
[0022] 本发明并不限于以上最佳实施例所公开的方式，凡基于上述设计思路，进行简单推演与替换，得到的具体的回收系统和回收再生方法，都属于本发明的。
Claims (4)
1. 一种印制板酸性蚀刻废液的再生和铜回收系统，其特征在于其包括电解槽，所述的电解槽设有阳离子隔膜，将电解槽分为阳极部分和阴极部分；所述的电解槽的阳极部分、阳极液存储槽和酸性蚀刻机连通构成闭路循环系统，即为所述的再生系统；所述的电解槽阴极部分与固液分离装置连通构成闭路循环系统，即为所述的铜回收系统。
2.根据权利要求1所述的印制板酸性蚀刻废液的再生和铜回收系统，其特征在于其包括电解槽阴极液循环槽，所述的阴极液循环槽与电解槽阴极部分连通构成闭路循环。
3.根据权利要求1所述的印制板酸性蚀刻废液的再生和铜回收系统，其特征在于所述的酸性蚀刻机通过管道与废液中转缸连通，废液中转缸与废液过滤装置连通，废液过滤装置与电解槽阳极部分连通。
4.根据权利要求1所述的印制板酸性蚀刻废液的再生和铜回收系统，其特征在于电解槽的电极板为钛材质，阳极板上设有氧化铱涂层。
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102912375A (zh) * | 2012-11-06 | 2013-02-06 | 赣州聚环科技有限公司 | 从酸性蚀刻液中回收铜的方法及其专用装置 |
| CN103628064A (zh) * | 2012-08-24 | 2014-03-12 | 成都虹华环保科技有限公司 | 酸性蚀刻液循环再生系统 |
| CN103628074A (zh) * | 2012-08-24 | 2014-03-12 | 成都虹华环保科技有限公司 | 用于酸性蚀刻液循环再生系统的铜粉收集系统 |
| CN103628073A (zh) * | 2012-08-24 | 2014-03-12 | 成都虹华环保科技有限公司 | 用于酸性蚀刻液循环设备的母液收集槽 |
| CN106521552A (zh) * | 2016-10-18 | 2017-03-22 | 河海大学 | 一种双氧水‑硫酸微蚀废液铜回收与电余液再生的两段式平台旋流电解装置及电解方法 |
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| CN103628064A (zh) * | 2012-08-24 | 2014-03-12 | 成都虹华环保科技有限公司 | 酸性蚀刻液循环再生系统 |
| CN103628074A (zh) * | 2012-08-24 | 2014-03-12 | 成都虹华环保科技有限公司 | 用于酸性蚀刻液循环再生系统的铜粉收集系统 |
| CN103628073A (zh) * | 2012-08-24 | 2014-03-12 | 成都虹华环保科技有限公司 | 用于酸性蚀刻液循环设备的母液收集槽 |
| CN102912375A (zh) * | 2012-11-06 | 2013-02-06 | 赣州聚环科技有限公司 | 从酸性蚀刻液中回收铜的方法及其专用装置 |
| CN102912375B (zh) * | 2012-11-06 | 2016-01-13 | 孟辉 | 从酸性蚀刻液中回收铜的方法及其专用装置 |
| CN106521552A (zh) * | 2016-10-18 | 2017-03-22 | 河海大学 | 一种双氧水‑硫酸微蚀废液铜回收与电余液再生的两段式平台旋流电解装置及电解方法 |
| CN106521552B (zh) * | 2016-10-18 | 2018-05-18 | 河海大学 | 一种双氧水-硫酸微蚀废液铜回收与电余液再生的两段式平台旋流电解装置及电解方法 |
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