CN202231446U - System-on-chip based linearly-distributed monomer lithium ion battery management system - Google Patents
System-on-chip based linearly-distributed monomer lithium ion battery management system Download PDFInfo
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- CN202231446U CN202231446U CN2010206880426U CN201020688042U CN202231446U CN 202231446 U CN202231446 U CN 202231446U CN 2010206880426 U CN2010206880426 U CN 2010206880426U CN 201020688042 U CN201020688042 U CN 201020688042U CN 202231446 U CN202231446 U CN 202231446U
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- lithium ion
- ion battery
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- monomer lithium
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a system-on-a-chip based linearly-distributed monomer lithium ion battery management system, which is suitable for an electric bicycle and an electric automobile to establish a distributed universal type lithium ion battery management system with a large-cavity and high-power power source. The system employs a fifth generation integrated circuit, i.e., system on a chip to monitor and manage a monomer lithium ion battery through a line type communication bus, and a network system capable of reinforcing the management of the monomer lithium ion battery is established in a manner of serially connecting physical networks and connecting physical networks in parallel. The whole battery management system has the characteristics of being structuralized and modularized and being simple and practical.
Description
Affiliated technical field
The utility model relates to electric bicycle and power battery device of electric vehicle, especially is fit to form high power capacity, powerful power source by lithium ion battery.
Background technology
Along with the development in lithium ion battery market, battery management system becomes and becomes increasingly complex and variation, can be divided into basically: tailored version and universal two fields.
The limited amount of the lithium ion battery of tailored version battery management system management; Be fit to the management system of mobile phone, notebook computer, digital camera and the used small-scale lithium ion cell of portable compact electric apparatus, be not suitable for the large-scale lithium ion battery management system of electric bicycle and electric automobile.
The general battery management system generally adopts layering or distributed architecture; All do not relate to management and monitoring to the monomer lithium ion battery; Owing to the variation along with service time, environment for use of the chemical characteristic of lithium ion battery changes; Its internal resistance and capacity also can be made corresponding change so, and the data sampling unit apart from too far away, will produce impedance, parasitic capacitance, stray inductance to the monomer lithium ion battery; Estimation to equilibrium between battery and battery capacity is unfavorable; Influence the performance and the useful life of lithium ion battery, for example, the disclosed patent No. of being authorized by the People's Republic of China (PRC) was 200410081434.5 and was called that the technical scheme of " distributed battery management system and management method " also just speaks of the data sampling to two batteries on June 7th, 2006; Universal battery management system adopts the CAN bus as communication bus mostly; The CAN bus is not battery management system bus but the communication bus of automotive electronics, and the two is distinguishing, and it is very inadequate that its communications protocol and electrical characteristic are used in battery management system; For example; The disclosed patent No. of being authorized by the People's Republic of China (PRC) was 200310111599.8 and was called " a kind of based on the multilayer distributed battery management system of CAN bus " on December 8th, 2004, on December 22nd, 2004 the disclosed patent No. of authorizing by the People's Republic of China (PRC) be 200410013807.5 and be called " a kind of power battery management system that is used for electric automobile " with on December 31st, 2008 the disclosed patent No. of authorizing by the People's Republic of China (PRC) be 200810021154.3 and be called that the technical scheme of " distributed battery management system and management method thereof " all is an employing CAN bus, the CAN bus is two connections; Connection quantity is too many; It is too many to add higher slice, and battery management system will become intricate so, and the communication network of the communication network of battery management system and automotive electronics is in same network topology; Two network systems are not kept apart; Cut down the antijamming capability of battery management system greatly, and the central processing unit of above-mentioned four patented technology schemes adopts all the 4th generation integrated circuit (microprocessor) to design, peripheral circuit is complicated; Cause the volume of control circuit to increase; Do not meet with the body structure of monomer lithium ion battery, can't monitor, manage the monomer lithium ion battery, present integrated circuit develops into for the 5th generation; It is SOC(system on a chip); Thus, general battery Design of Management System theory is out-of-date now, can not represent the developing direction of battery management system.
Summary of the invention
Be the design concept of central processing unit in order to abandon the 4th out-of-date generation integrated circuit (microprocessor); Forgoing inappropriate is the lithium ion battery network system of core with the CAN bus; The innovation minimum unit is with the management mode of two or more lithium ion battery; The utility model utilizes SOC(system on a chip) small size, high-performance and simple, the practical technical advantage of one-line communication bus, simplifies the network configuration of lithium ion battery management system, sets up the network system of lithium ion battery management system with cutting the garment according to the figure; Build stable lithium ion battery management system module; Through the monomer lithium ion battery connect with the physical network between the lithium ion battery group and the lithium ion battery group parallelly connected with the physical network between the lithium ion battery case, realize the monomer lithium ion battery is directly managed, adopt the advantage of monomer lithium ion battery and lithium ion battery group self voltage; Realize the communication network isolation of the inner communication network of battery management system and the automotive electronics of outside; Reduce the interference of battery management system network internal, the control dynamics to monomer lithium ion battery and lithium ion battery group is strengthened greatly, give full play to the performance of monomer lithium ion battery; Prolong the useful life of monomer lithium ion battery, thereby improved the integral level of power source.
The utility model solution technical scheme that its technical problem adopted selects through hardware, software, the components and parts of lithium ion battery management system and jamproof technical characterictic reaches:
A kind of based on the distributed monomer lithium ion battery of SOC(system on a chip) one line management system; The distributed general type lithium ion battery management system that is fit to electric bicycle and electric powered motor source; It is characterized in that: adopt the 5th generation integrated circuit; Be SOC(system on a chip),, set up the network system that to strengthen the management of monomer lithium ion battery with the form of physical network series connection and physical network parallel connection through one-line communication bus.
The SOC(system on a chip) of in monomer lithium ion battery data acquisition unit, packing into; Be packaged into an integral body then; Specification requirement according to electric automobile; The monomer lithium ion battery is carried out the Module Division on the hardware; Monomer lithium ion battery data acquisition unit utilizes the power supply of monomer lithium ion self power supply; Form the lithium ion battery group by many monomer lithium ion batteries; The lithium ion battery group is fit to be used for doing the power source of electric bicycle; Each monomer lithium ion battery is fixed on the base plate of lithium ion battery group; The data acquisition unit of each monomer lithium ion battery carries out communication through the control board of one-line communication bus and lithium ion battery group, and each lithium ion battery group control board respectively carries an one-line communication bus, carries out communication with the master control borad of lithium ion battery case; The master control borad of the control board of the data acquisition board of monomer lithium ion battery, lithium ion battery group, lithium ion battery case is made up of a SOC(system on a chip) respectively; According to each stage of microelectric technique development, also can form by a SOC(system on a chip) and simple peripheral circuit, the charge and discharge interface of the master control borad of lithium ion battery case links to each other with the control board charge and discharge interface of lithium ion battery group; The lithium ion battery group is carried out charge and discharge; Lithium ion battery group control board charge and discharge interface carries out charge and discharge through the charge and discharge circuit of lithium ion battery group base plate to the monomer lithium ion battery, and the structure of the overall dimension of SOC(system on a chip), performance and simple peripheral circuit all can be different, can select X86 is serial, ARM is serial, MIPS is serial, SPARC is serial SOC(system on a chip) as the central processing unit of monomer lithium ion data acquisition unit, lithium ion battery group control board and lithium ion battery case (for example with reference to the cost performance and the overall dimension of SOC(system on a chip); The SOC(system on a chip) of the S3C44 series of the PSOC series SOC(system on a chip) of Sai Pulasi company, the LH7A series SOC(system on a chip) of Sharp Corp, Samsung, the ML67 series SOC(system on a chip) of OKI company etc.), the monomer lithium ion battery that has data acquisition unit carries out network series connection physically through one-line communications protocol and electrical characteristic; The lithium ion battery group that has control board is carried out network parallel connection physically through one-line communications protocol and electrical characteristic; Adopt high speed photo coupling that monomer lithium ion data acquisition unit, lithium ion battery group control board and lithium ion battery case master control borad are carried out photoelectricity and isolate, the monomer lithium ion battery of lithium ion battery group and the lithium ion battery group of lithium ion battery case all are to carry out being connected mechanically through the form of series and parallel.The part that according to actual needs monomer lithium ion battery and lithium ion battery group is needed protection, monitors is divided into groups; Accomplish jointly by monomer lithium ion data sampling unit and lithium ion battery group control board; Balance, voltage measurement, temperature survey between battery are born in monomer lithium ion data sampling unit; Exchanges data between one-line communication bus; Lithium ion battery group control board is born the exchanges data between overcurrent protection, short-circuit protection, overvoltage protection, low-voltage variation, reverse-voltage protection, high temperature protection, low-temperature protection, battery remaining power estimation, one-line communication bus, lithium ion battery case master control borad bear monitoring to each lithium ion battery group, management and with the exchanges data of outside.
The monomer lithium ion battery is carried out the grouping on the hardware, and concrete computing formula is following:
M is a monomer lithium ion battery parallel connection number for monomer lithium ion battery series connection number N
X is a lithium ion battery group parallel connection number for lithium ion battery group series connection number Y
M=electric bicycle power source voltage ÷ monomer lithium ion battery voltage
N=electric bicycle power source capacity ÷ monomer capacity of lithium ion battery
X=electric powered motor source voltage ÷ lithium ion battery group voltage
Y=electric powered motor source capacity ÷ lithium ion battery pool-size
It is to set up battery model at clear and definite battery remaining power and cell voltage, battery current, battery temperature that the software of native system is realized; Thereby the quantitative relationship of clear and definite outside batteries electrical characteristic and internal state; Calculate internal states such as battery remaining power, internal resistance, electromotive force according to external variables such as the voltage of battery, electric current, temperature; Battery remaining power is the important parameter in the battery management system, for administering and maintaining of battery pack provides important evidence, because the overcharging of battery, cross and put the life-span that all can reduce battery; Even can blast and burn, cause serious consequence.Battery remaining power is the direct reaction of battery electric quantity, grasps battery each item state information timely and accurately, for safety management system provides important parameter, when abnormality occurs, sends alarm signal or open circuit and prevents that contingency from taking place.Battery remaining power defines as follows:
Monomer lithium ion battery residual capacity=(Qt/Q0) 100%
Wherein, Qt is the residual capacity of battery in calculation time
Q0 is the total capacity of battery in calculation time
In order to prevent the interference of battery management system, improve the reliability and the accuracy of system, when The Hardware Design; Adopt following Anti-Jamming Technique: the paster components and parts that selection of components up-sampling Electro Magnetic Compatibility is good, because element pasted on surface has low parasitic parameter, select for use resistance to pay the utmost attention to surface special dress resistance; For the resistance that pin is arranged, answer first-selected fixed carbon resister, secondly be metalfilmresistor; Be wire resistor at last, on draw/circuit of pull down resistor all as close as possible active devices of inclined to one side value resistance; And its power supply and ground, thereby the inductance of minimizing circuit board line.Electric capacity of a great variety, performance is different, selects suitable electric capacity can solve many electromagnetic compatibility problem, and native system is mainly used shunt capacitance and two kinds of technology of decoupling capacitor.The major function of shunt capacitance is to produce one to exchange along separate routes, eliminates getting into those unwanted energy of area of liability, selects alminium electrolytic condenser as shunt capacitance here.The HF switch noise that the SOC(system on a chip) active device produces when switch; To propagate along power line; The major function of decoupling capacitor just provides the DC power supply of a part and gives active device; With reduce switching noise onboard propagation and the noise guiding fallen down to the ground, select ceramic condenser as decoupling capacitor, and decoupling capacitor as close as possible each integrated package when arranging.The RC filtering technique is different to the susceptibility of interfering frequency according to the battery management system various piece, takes the different filtering technology to different frequencies.Photoelectric isolation technology is in order to prevent scurrying into of interference signal in the input channel; Through the electrical link of high-speed photoelectric coupler isolation lithium ion battery case and lithium ion battery group, lithium ion battery group and monomer lithium ion battery, the wiring of printed circuit board (PCB) is except the selection and circuit design of components and parts; It also is an important factors that good printed circuit board (PCB) (PCB) is routed in system's Anti-Jamming Technique; Here adopt following technology: decoupling between locally supplied power source and IC: decoupling and can reduce along the importing into of the noise of electrical mains in the part, between power supply input port and PCB, gets involved big capacity shunt capacitance, as a low frequency pulsating filter; Simultaneously as an electromotive force accumulator; Satisfying the demand of burst power, between the power supply of each IC and ground, insert decoupling capacitor, in order to the switching noise of filtering IC.This lithium ion battery management system is used doubling plate, and digitally grid is adopted in wiring, reduces impedance ground effectively, and the circuit board zone of not using is covered by a big ground plane, shielding is provided and increases decoupling ability with this.Because native system adopts battery powered a plurality of power supply, so adopt grounding technology that each isolated from power is come.Local wiring technique adopts and suitably adopts via hole, adopts miter angle during rotation path, and the width in maintenance path is constant etc.
The beneficial effect of the utility model can be summed up following 4 points:
(1) modularization: according to the needs in electric powered motor source; The monomer lithium ion battery is carried out the hardware upper module to be divided; Form the lithium ion battery group by the monomer lithium ion battery; Form the lithium ion battery case by the lithium ion battery group then, modularly be designed with debugging and the maintenance that is beneficial to the lithium ion battery case.
(2) integrated: in the design all main control chips all adopt the 5th generation integrated circuit; Be SOC(system on a chip), the electronic circuit integrated level is high, has reduced the component number in the hardware circuit; Simplify the architecture of battery management system, reduced the possibility that produces fault.
(3) oversimplify: form communication network through simple one-line communication modes, realize the communication management to the monomer lithium ion battery, the monomer lithium ion battery has been got well in management, and just the entire lithium ion battery case has been got well in management, and complicated problems is oversimplified.
(4) reliability: adopt monomer lithium ion battery way to manage to reduce impedance, reduced parasitic capacitance, stray inductance, guaranteed accuracy, the reliability of image data; Adopt one-line communication modes; Communication network to battery management system is cut the garment according to the figure; Utilize the advantage of monomer lithium ion battery and lithium ion battery group self voltage, lithium ion battery case internal network system and the outside network system of automotive electronics are kept apart, accomplished validity, the reasonability of network system organization; Improve battery management system communication robust property, reliability, strengthened the antijamming capability of battery management system.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the utility model is described further
Fig. 1 is a lithium ion battery box structure composition diagram
Fig. 2 is a lithium ion battery case network connection layout
Fig. 3 is a lithium ion battery case master control borad functional structure chart
Fig. 4 is a lithium ion battery group structure composition diagram
Fig. 5 is a lithium ion battery group network connection layout
Fig. 6 is a lithium ion battery group control board functional structure chart
Fig. 7 is a monomer lithium ion battery data acquisition unit functional structure chart
Fig. 8 is the inner charge and discharge connection layout of lithium ion battery management system
Fig. 9 is the one-line communications protocol of lithium ion battery management system
Figure 10 is voltage, current measurement circuit
Figure 11 is a temperature measuring circuit
Figure 12 is the relation of temperature, voltage and current and remaining battery capacity
Figure 13 is a battery model
Figure 14 is the battery voltage measurement flow process
Figure 15 is that battery current is measured flow process
Figure 16 is that battery temperature is measured flow process
Figure 17 is the calculating of battery remaining power
On behalf of the lithium ion battery case,
be connected through one-line communication bus network with the lithium ion battery group among Fig. 2, lithium ion battery case of being made up of the one-line communication bus of n=X+Y bar and the network system between the lithium ion battery group.
On behalf of the lithium ion battery group,
be connected through one-line communication bus network with the monomer lithium ion battery among Fig. 5, lithium ion battery group of being made up of the one-line communication bus of n=M+N bar and the network system between the monomer lithium ion battery.
Among Fig. 9 → represent the data organization order of one-line communication in the lithium ion battery management system; The universal serial bus of monomer lithium ion battery data sampling unit through isolating; Form with the physical network series connection focuses on the control board of lithium ion battery group; The universal serial bus of the control board of lithium ion battery group through isolating; Form with the physical network parallel connection focuses on the master control borad of lithium ion battery case; One-line communication bus carries out electrical isolation through the master control borad of optocoupler and monomer lithium ion data acquisition unit, lithium ion battery group control board, lithium ion battery case, and the transmission data make data have confidentiality by the data organization order serial transmission according to the rules of one-line communication bus.
Embodiment
In Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3; Fig. 1 mainly describes the relation between lithium ion battery case and the lithium ion battery group from mechanical structure; Fig. 2 describes the relation between lithium ion battery case and the lithium ion battery group from network characteristic, according to the specification requirement of electric automobile, the monomer lithium ion battery is divided into groups from hardware; X is lithium ion battery group series connection number; Y is a lithium ion battery group parallel connection number, and the lithium ion battery group is carried out series and parallel from mechanical structure, and all lithium ion battery groups all are to form the inner network system of lithium ion battery case through one-line communication bus with the form of physics parallel connection.
In Fig. 2 and Fig. 3; The lithium ion battery group adopts monobus principal and subordinate system on chip structure system working method; The SOC(system on a chip) of lithium ion battery group plays leading role to the entire lithium ion battery group; Monomer lithium ion battery data acquisition unit towards be the monomer lithium ion battery; One-line communication runs through the entire lithium ion battery group through the form of physics series connection, and it runs through each systemic-function of lithium ion battery group, and the SOC(system on a chip) of lithium ion battery group plays a key effect to the performance and the stability of entire lithium ion battery group.The hardware circuit of lithium ion battery group control board comprises: one-line communication module, overcurrent protection module, short-circuit protection module, over-voltage protection module, under-voltage protection module, reverse-voltage protection module, high temperature protection module, low-temperature protection module, battery capacity circuit module.The hardware circuit of monomer lithium ion data acquisition unit comprises: one-line communication module, voltage balance of battery module, battery voltage measurement module, battery temperature measurement module.When one-line communication bus is controlled each monomer lithium ion data acquisition unit; Order is sent from the control board of lithium ion battery group; Be delivered to n piece monomer lithium ion data acquisition unit successively from first monomer lithium ion data acquisition unit then; Receive order and be delivered to the 1st monomer lithium ion data acquisition unit successively, get back to the control board of lithium ion battery group then from n piece monomer lithium ion data acquisition unit.
The voltage sample module: the operating state of cell voltage and battery and internal temperature thereof and operating ambient temperature thereof all have very important relation; Precision to its sampling; Antijamming capability, drift, temperature is floated with the requirement of the linearity all very high; Measurement data accurately whether, directly have influence on accurate judgement to battery status.The sensor sample response speed is fast, and the resistance alloys with good linearity is as voltage sensor.
The current sample module: current sample is the main foundation of estimating battery residual capacity, therefore, floats with the requirement of the linearity all very high to precision, antijamming capability, drift, the temperature of its sampling; Voltage measurement is compared with battery module, and the measurement more complicated of electric current is in the face of some inductive load the time; Electric current is pulsed; Current changing rate is bigger, and the response speed of therefore must sampling is fast, and the resistance alloys with good linearity is as the current acquisition unit.
The temperature sampling module: because in the charge and discharge process, battery itself can produce certain heat, thereby can cause battery temperature to rise, temperature can influence a lot of characterisitic parameters of battery, is very important so battery pack is carried out thermal management.Owing to require the multimetering temperature in the battery management system; Each temperature meter is distributed in the Battery case; The design of adopting will have certain anti-interference capability, and according to the cost performance of thermistor, the employing thermistor can be obtained good effect to the measurement of analog signal.The temperature sampling point has three places promptly: near the air themperature the lithium ion battery group, monomer casing of lithium ion battery surface temperature, and monomer inside lithium ion cell electrolyte temperature.Wherein, monomer casing of lithium ion battery surface temperature is positioned at above the monomer lithium ion sampling unit, and near the air themperature the lithium ion battery group is positioned at above the lithium ion battery group control board.
Claims (1)
1. one kind based on the distributed monomer lithium ion battery of SOC(system on a chip) one line management system; The distributed general type lithium ion battery management system that is fit to electric bicycle and electric powered motor source; It is characterized in that: adopt the 5th generation integrated circuit; Be SOC(system on a chip),, set up the network system that to strengthen the management of monomer lithium ion battery with the form of physical network series connection and physical network parallel connection through one-line communication bus.
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| CN2010206880426U CN202231446U (en) | 2010-12-29 | 2010-12-29 | System-on-chip based linearly-distributed monomer lithium ion battery management system |
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| CN2010206880426U CN202231446U (en) | 2010-12-29 | 2010-12-29 | System-on-chip based linearly-distributed monomer lithium ion battery management system |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103178585A (en) * | 2013-04-08 | 2013-06-26 | 合肥创源车辆控制技术有限公司 | Battery management micro-unit band |
| CN104333274A (en) * | 2014-10-09 | 2015-02-04 | 李鑫 | Bootstrap switched reluctance motor controller based on system-on-chip and IGBT |
| CN112397799A (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-02-23 | 北京绿能芯创电子科技有限公司 | Battery management metering method and system |
-
2010
- 2010-12-29 CN CN2010206880426U patent/CN202231446U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103178585A (en) * | 2013-04-08 | 2013-06-26 | 合肥创源车辆控制技术有限公司 | Battery management micro-unit band |
| CN104333274A (en) * | 2014-10-09 | 2015-02-04 | 李鑫 | Bootstrap switched reluctance motor controller based on system-on-chip and IGBT |
| CN104333274B (en) * | 2014-10-09 | 2019-04-02 | 李鑫 | Bootstrap type switched reluctance motor controller based on system on chip and IGBT |
| CN112397799A (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-02-23 | 北京绿能芯创电子科技有限公司 | Battery management metering method and system |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20120523 Termination date: 20141229 |
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| EXPY | Termination of patent right or utility model |