CN201883091U - 太阳能沼气发生器 - Google Patents

太阳能沼气发生器 Download PDF

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CN201883091U
CN201883091U CN2009202033199U CN200920203319U CN201883091U CN 201883091 U CN201883091 U CN 201883091U CN 2009202033199 U CN2009202033199 U CN 2009202033199U CN 200920203319 U CN200920203319 U CN 200920203319U CN 201883091 U CN201883091 U CN 201883091U
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王建平
孙同金
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Abstract

一种太阳能沼气发生器，其特征在于：内外壁喷涂有防水防腐涂层的聚脲弹性体材料；高强度pvc散热管一端连接太阳能集热器，另一端进入地面下围绕沼气发生器均布若干圈后又返回地面上与太阳能集热器回水管连接；进料口在沼气发生器上盖位置；出料口是经沼气发生器底部一侧透出一出料管，出料管一端与沼气发生器底部的抽浆泵连接，另一端上升至地面上形成出料口；气体压力表设在沼气发生器盖上部的出气管上；第一压力传感器和第二压力传感器设在沼气发生器内上部位置。沼气发生器的池壁外包裹有聚胺脂保温材料，在内外壁上安装有尼龙网。具有可移动性和方便安装等优点。适合绝大多数农村家庭和企事业单位生产和生活使用。

Description

太阳能沼气发生器
技术领域  本实用新型属于沼气发生器领域，具体的说是涉及一种封闭式的可移动太阳能沼气发生器。
技术背景  随着不可再生能源的消耗减少，国家对新农村建设的重视，沼气逐渐的进入农户并广为使用，不过最初走的还是过去的老路子砖砌沼气池，唯一和过去不同的是有过去的浮罩式沼气池变成了现在的水压式沼气池，但试行一段后发现砖砌沼气池容易开裂漏气，难以修补，并且修建沼气池的时间过长。针对砖砌沼气池的缺点，水泥筑注沼气池便走向了市场，水泥浇筑沼气池的出现，大大的改变了原砖砌沼气池的开裂、渗漏等问题。但随着沼气池的发展及国家政策的重视，沼气池在全国大面积的普及，水泥浇筑沼气池也因建设速度慢，周期长，工艺复杂，不能工厂化生产而难以满足市场需求，从而放慢了普及的脚步。所以后来的有机玻璃钢，无机玻璃钢沼气池便应运而生，有机玻璃钢沼气池的出现改变了原有沼气池的所有弊端。因能工厂化生产，从而大大的缓解了市场需求。但有机玻璃钢沼气池也有弊端，造价过高，原材料不容易购买，售后维修难，而让老百姓难以接受，市场上的占有比例越来越少。人们在有机玻璃钢的基础上又研究出了无机玻璃钢沼气池，无机玻璃钢沼气池以它原材料低廉，生产周期短，安装方便等优点深受老百姓喜爱。在2005年至2007年逐渐的占有了市场。但随着时间的推移无机玻璃钢沼气池也暴露了它的缺点，它的缺点就是耐水性极差，使用寿命短，一口无机玻璃钢沼气池最长能用3-5年便软化而报废。其中最大的缺陷是冬季沼气的产气率大大降低，因沼气的保温效果不尽理想。
发明内容  本实用新型是在克服上述沼气发生器的缺点基础上，研制了一种成本低、可工厂化生产、重量轻易运输、售后维修方便和常年稳定供气的可移动式太阳能恒温沼气发生器。
所述的太阳能沼气发生器主要是由沼气发生器的池壁、喷涂在内外壁的喷涂聚脲弹性体材料、高强度pvc散热管、进料口、出料口、气体压力表、沼气收集口、压力传感器以及沼气发生器底部的抽浆泵组成。
其特征是：沼气发生器的池壁是由聚胺脂保温材料制成的，事先按沼气发生器的形状做好内外壁的发泡模具，外壁用发泡模具按照外壁的形状做好，内壁用模具按照加入散热管后的池壁形状制作。进行发泡前，事先将内外模具固定好，然后把散热管装入内壁一同固定好；最后从浇注嘴浇注聚氨酯进行发泡。发泡结束后，抽出内外模具，沼气发生器的主要部分制作完成。
在内外壁先安装尼龙网，然后再喷涂具有防水防腐功能并能增加沼气发生器强度的聚脲弹性体材料；高强度pvc散热管外接太阳能集热器，散热管呈螺旋状附着在沼气发生器池壁上；其中，散热管直径的三分之一放置在聚氨酯层内，三分之二放置在聚氨酯层外；聚氨酯内壁连同散热管一起用涂层粘住，防止散热管脱落。能将太阳能产生的热水通过散热管向沼气发生器内散发热量，能保持沼气发生器内始终达到和保持恒温54℃，从而保证四季都能产生沼气，供给用户使用。
每天都有定量的发酵原料从进料口进入沼气发生器内，当气体压力表显示沼气发生器内产生的沼气达到1500pa时，就会通过外面连接的真空泵进行抽气；在沼气发生器的两个固定高度的位置上分别安装压力传感器T1和T2，当沼液达到规定的最大容积的高度时，此位置的传感器发出信号，安放在沼气发生器底部的抽浆泵开始转动抽出沼渣；随着沼渣的不断抽出，发生器内沼液的液面高度不断降低，降低至设定最小容积的高度时，处于此位置的传感器发出停转信号，抽浆泵停止工作。实现沼气池内料液的质量和体积基本稳定，利于沼气池的稳定产气。
这种恒温沼气池采用自动化控制，不对空气产生异味，性能优越。它的成本较低，使用寿命长，具有可移动性和方便安装等优点。适合绝大多数农村家庭和企事业单位生产和生活使用，便于推广应用，有效的缓解了国家不可再生能源的作用。
附图说明
图1是本实用新型的示意简图
图2是本实用新型的散热管固定方式示意简图
图3是本实用新型散热管螺旋式示意简图
图4是本实用新型散热管一端具部放大示意简图
图5是本实用新型的散热管的具体安装方式简图
具体实施方式  图1所示的太阳能沼气发生器，主要包括太阳能集热器1、沼气发生器2、散热管3、气体压力表4、脱水器5、脱硫器6、真空泵7、沼气收集管8、第一压力传感器9、第二压力传感器10、抽浆泵11、聚胺脂保温材料12、防水防腐涂层13、进料口14和出料口15相互连接组成。
沼气发生器2内外壁喷涂有防水防腐涂层13的聚脲弹性体材料；事先按沼气发生器2的形状做好内外壁的发泡模具，外壁用发泡模具按照外壁的形状做好，内壁用模具按照加入散热管3后的池壁形状制作。进行发泡前，事先将内外模具固定好，然后把散热管3装入内壁一同固定好；最后从浇注嘴浇注聚氨酯进行发泡。发泡结束后，抽出内外模具，沼气发生器2的主要部分制作完成。
高强度pvc散热管3一端连接太阳能集热器1，如图1图2所示散热管3呈螺旋状附着在沼气发生器2池壁上；其中，散热管3直径的三分之一放置在聚氨酯层内，三分之二放置在聚氨酯层外；聚氨酯内壁连同散热管3一起用涂层13粘住，防止散热管脱落。另一端进入地面下围绕沼气发生器2均布若干圈后又返回地面上，与太阳能集热器1回水管连接；进料口14在沼气发生器2上盖位置；出料口15是经沼气发生器底部一侧透出一出料管，出料管一端与沼气发生器底部的抽浆泵连接，另一端上升至地面上形成出料口15；气体压力表4设在沼气发生器2盖上部的出气管8上；第一压力传感器9和第二压力传感器10设在沼气发生器内上部位置。沼气发生器2的池壁外包裹有聚胺脂保温材料12，在内外壁上安装有尼龙网。
高强度pvc散热管3外接太阳能集热器1，能将太阳能集热器1产生的热水通过散热管3向沼气发生器2内散发热量，保持沼气发生器2内达到和始终保持恒温54℃，从而保证四季都能产生沼气提供人们使用。每天都有定量的发酵原料从进料口14进入沼气发生器2内，当气体压力表4显示沼气发生器2内产生的沼气达到1500pa时，就会通过外面连接的真空泵7进行抽气；在沼气发生器2的两个固定高度的位置上分别安装压力传感器9和压力传感器10，当沼液达到规定的最大容积的高度时，此位置的传感器9发出信号，安放在沼气发生器2底部的抽浆泵11开始转动排出沼渣；随着沼渣的不断排出，沼气发生器2内沼液的液面高度不断降低，降低至设定最小容积时，处于此位置的传感器10发出信号，抽浆泵11停止工作。实现沼气发生器2内料液的质量和体积基本稳定，利于沼气发生器稳定产气。

Claims (3)

1.一种太阳能沼气发生器，其特征在于：内外壁有防水防腐涂层的聚脲弹性体材料；高强度pvc散热管一端连接太阳能集热器，另一端进入地面下围绕沼气发生器均布若干圈后又返回地面上与太阳能集热器回水管连接；进料口在沼气发生器上盖位置；出料口是经沼气发生器底部一侧透出一出料管，出料管一端与沼气发生器底部的抽浆泵连接，另一端上升至地面上形成出料口；气体压力表设在沼气发生器盖上部的出气管上；第一压力传感器和第二压力传感器设在沼气发生器内上部位置。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种太阳能沼气发生器，其特征在于：散热管呈螺旋状附着在沼气发生器池壁上；其中，散热管直径的三分之一放置在聚氨酯层内，三分之二放置在聚氨酯层外；聚氨酯内壁连同散热管一起用涂层粘住。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种太阳能沼气发生器，其特征在于：沼气发生器的池壁外包裹有聚胺脂保温材料，在内外壁上安装有尼龙网。 
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103205358A (zh) * 2013-03-27 2013-07-17 冯忠一 民用沼气发生装置
CN103374517A (zh) * 2013-07-22 2013-10-30 宁夏新航能源环境科技有限公司 一种可再生清洁能源装置
CN104946108A (zh) * 2015-06-26 2015-09-30 广东元星工业新材料有限公司 喷涂聚脲弹性体模具及其制备方法

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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CN103374517A (zh) * 2013-07-22 2013-10-30 宁夏新航能源环境科技有限公司 一种可再生清洁能源装置
CN104946108A (zh) * 2015-06-26 2015-09-30 广东元星工业新材料有限公司 喷涂聚脲弹性体模具及其制备方法

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