CN201537456U - 氨法烟气脱硫副产物的烟气换热式蒸发装置 - Google Patents
氨法烟气脱硫副产物的烟气换热式蒸发装置 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本实用新型涉及一种氨法脱硫副产物的烟气换热式蒸发装置，包括蒸发器、换热器和循环泵，三者通过料液循环管路连接成硫酸铵料液循环系统，所说蒸发器上端设有水蒸汽出口，下端设有料浆排出口，换热器连有烟气进口管和烟气出口管，蒸发器通过溢流管与一个液封槽相连。本装置利用烟气余热作为硫酸铵料液蒸发浓缩的热源，无需外加高温蒸汽，节省了能耗，而且烟气先行降温有利于提高脱硫系统的运行可靠性和稳定性，具有节能高效的特点。
Description
技术领域
本实用新型涉及一种利用烟气热量实现脱硫过程副产物硫酸铵料液浓缩结晶的氨法烟气脱硫副产物的烟气换热式蒸发装置。
背景技术
含硫燃料燃烧所产生的烟气中的二氧化硫是对环境及人类有害的物质，是环境治理的重要对象，因此在烟气排放之前必须采取措施降低烟气中二氧化硫的含量。目前烟气脱硫的工艺有很多，其中氨法脱硫工艺则通过烟气和吸收液充分接触，使烟气中的二氧化硫溶解于水并与吸收氨及氧气反应生成硫酸铵，从而降低二氧化硫的浓度，是较可行的方法。
对氨法脱硫而言，副产物硫酸铵的回收能耗和结晶品质对整个脱硫装置运行的经济性有着直接的影响。目前，氨法脱硫工艺中，副产物的结晶方法主要有塔内结晶和塔外结晶两种。塔内结晶是在脱硫塔内进行热烟气与硫铵料浆的直接接触，通过充分的热交换，实现了料液的浓缩结晶，该方法能有效节省能耗，但结晶所需时间较长，结晶颗粒小，还易造成系统的堵塞和设备磨蚀；塔外结晶则塔外结晶法是将硫酸铵料液从脱硫塔引出，采用高温水蒸汽提供热能，将料液加热蒸发，达到浓缩结晶的目的，该过程的结晶效率较高，结晶颗粒较大，但其能耗过高。
发明内容
本实用新型的目的是提供一种氨法烟气脱硫副产物的烟气换热式蒸发装置，它利用原烟气自身热量使硫酸铵料液蒸发结晶，以降低硫酸铵的结晶能耗。
本烟气换热式蒸发装置包括蒸发器、换热器和循环泵，三者通过料液循环管连成硫酸铵料液循环系统，所说蒸发器上端设有水蒸汽出口，下端设有料浆排出口，所说换热器连有烟气进口管和烟气出口管，所说的蒸发器通过溢流管与一个液封槽相连。
蒸发器的顶部设置有除雾器或挡水板。
蒸发器的下部设有涡流十字挡板。
所说换热器为单台设置或多台并联或串联设置。
所说蒸发器为单台设置或多台连接成蒸发器组。
所说换热器为是沉浸式蛇管换热器、套管式换热器、列管式换热器、夹套式换热器或板式换热器，其中尤以列管式为佳。
本装置中，硫酸铵料液通过换热器被烟气加热，并通过循环泵在蒸发器和换热器之间循环，不断吸取烟气的热量，料液中的水分不断汽化，从蒸发器上端排出，从而实现硫酸铵的浓缩结晶，达一定固含量的硫酸铵料浆从蒸发器底部排出。料浆通过常规的配置脱水干燥后，获得商品硫酸铵。本装置利用烟气余热作为硫酸铵料液蒸发浓缩的热源，无需外加高温蒸汽，节省了能耗；对烟气先行降温，可提高脱硫系统运行的可靠性和稳定性；同时由于溶液蒸发和晶体的析出都在本装置中实现，因此脱硫系统的循环料液中基本无晶体的存在，有效避免了系统的堵塞和相关设备的磨蚀。本装置具有节能高效的特点。
附图说明
图1是本实用新型氨法烟气脱硫副产物的烟气换热式蒸发装置的结构示意图。
图中，1-换热器，2-循环泵，3-蒸发器，3-1-水蒸汽出口，3-2-料浆排出口，3-3-料液进口，4-液封槽，5-涡流十字挡板，6-溢流管，7-除雾器，8-循环管路，9-烟气进口管，10-烟气出口管。
具体实施方式
本装置的结构及工作过程见图1，蒸发器1、换热器3和循环泵2，三者通过料液循环管8连接成硫酸铵料液的循环系统，本例换热器3为管式换热器。来自脱硫系统硫酸铵料液进入循环系统中，经循环泵2输送，从换热器3的管内通过。同时，经除尘的高温原烟气由烟气入口管9进入换热器1的壳体内，通过列管的管壁传导作用，烟气与硫酸铵料液充分换热，料液被加热升温，并由进口3-4通入蒸发器3。从出口管10排出的降温烟气去脱硫系统进行脱硫处理。料液在蒸发器3内产生的蒸汽从出口3-1排出，可直接排空或真空冷却后排空，料液则浓缩结晶成料浆，达一浓度的料浆从蒸发器3的下部出口3-3排出。料浆输送至后处理系统进一步脱水、干燥包装为成品硫铵产品。同时产生的后处理回流料液也输送至本装置的循环管路8。
蒸发器3通过溢流管6与液封槽4相连，主要作用是维持蒸发器3的压力，同时也可用于溢流液的收集。
蒸发器3的顶部设置有除雾器或挡水板7，以防止蒸汽的二次夹带。
蒸发器3的下部的涡流十字挡板5可防止器内涡流的产生，从而减少蒸发循环泵及循环管路的震动，维持稳定的料浆循环量。
Claims (6)
1.氨法烟气脱硫副产物的烟气换热式蒸发装置，包括蒸发器、换热器和循环泵，三者通过料液循环管连接成硫酸铵料液循环系统，所说蒸发器上端设有水蒸汽出口，下端设有料浆排出口，换热器连有烟气进口管和烟气出口管，蒸发器通过溢流管与一个液封槽相连。
2.根据权利要求1所述的烟气换热式蒸发装置，其特征是蒸发器的顶部设置有除雾器或挡水板。
3.根据权利要求2所述的烟气换热式蒸发装置，其特征是蒸发器的下部设有涡流十字挡板。
4.根据权利要求1或2或3所述的烟气换热式蒸发装置，其特征是所说换热器为单台设置或多台并联或串联设置。
5.根据权利要求4所述的烟气换热式蒸发装置，其特征是所说蒸发器为单台设置或多台连接成蒸发器组。
6.根据权利要求4所述的烟气换热式蒸发装置，其特征是所说换热器是沉浸式蛇管换热器、套管式换热器、列管式换热器、夹套式换热器或板式换热器。
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| CN104482778A (zh) * | 2014-12-12 | 2015-04-01 | 湖南科技大学 | 有害尾气治理中烟气废热的处理与利用装置与方法 |
| CN105311937A (zh) * | 2014-06-11 | 2016-02-10 | 成都新筑展博环保科技有限公司 | 一种烟气脱硫生产硫酸铵的方法 |
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- 2009-08-12 CN CN2009202336007U patent/CN201537456U/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
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