CN201214869Y - Water proof thermal insulation wall structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a water-proof temperature-preservation wall structure. During construction, the basic surface of a main wall and an outer temperature-preservation layer are not needed to be rendered by concrete sand pulp for leveling and are not needed to be rendered with dopes, stuck with surface bricks or suspended with stones on the decoration surface of the outer wall; while the ceramic tile of the outer decoration surface is directly buckled together with the basic surface of the main wall through a connector, a locating card, a nail and a keel; then polyurethane is poured into an empty cavity formed between the basic surface of the main wall and the ceramic tile of the outer decoration surface for carrying out field foaming; the ceramic tile, the connector, the locating card, the nail, the keel and the basic surface of the main wall are stuck together by the hard foams of polyurethane formed through foaming, thus greatly reducing the construction working procedures and reducing the cost; as the hard foams of polyurethane have the excellent performances of temperature preservation, fire and water resistance, sound isolation, ice-melting resistance, anti-aging and anti-air blowing as well as high sticking force, the reliability, the durability and the safety of a construction are improved.

Description

Waterproof thermal-insulated wall body structure

Technical field

The utility model relates to building field, particularly provides a kind of integrated cost cheap, the one-shot forming of construction technology simple and fast, and the later stage need not to keep in repair and the waterproof thermal-insulated wall body structure of building body with life cycle.

Background technology

In recent years, owing to consuming excessively of the energy, the excessive discharging of greenhouse gases, energy supply day is becoming tight and price climbs up and up, and multiple measures to effectively increase energy savings and reduce material consumption have all been taked in countries in the world.China is no exception, important agenda has been put in saving energy, lowering energy consumption and reducing pollutants discharge, government has also issued the laws and regulations of saving energy, lowering energy consumption and reducing pollutants discharge, for building field, a series of building energy conservation new standards have also in time been put into effect, and require newly-started real estate building project must reach legal energy-saving heat preserving standard, for standard real estate construction market provides legal basis.The insulation of building construction in the past market without ready patterns to follow; country does not issue mandatory design-build standard yet; the house insulation randomness is very big; what have takes the exterior wall internal insulation of taking that external wall outer insulation also has; external wall outer insulation is the main flow way of advocating now; the heat bridge of subduing is arranged; increase usable floor area; advantages such as protection agent structure; shortcoming is the construction difficulty height; operation is many; long construction period; and XPS (extrusion molding polystyrene polyfoam for heat insulation) was adopted in various places in recent years; EPS (the adiabatic molded polystyrene foamed plastics of using) [hereinafter to be referred as polyphenyl plate]; the engineering external surface cracking of exterior-wall heat insulations such as rock wool; the phenomenon that comes off happens occasionally, so its durability is the bottleneck of its development of puzzlement always.The advantage of exterior wall internal insulation is that the environment for use of easy construction, heat insulating material is good, not influenced by ultraviolet ray, wind and rain, high temperature, mal-condition such as freezing, it is aging to be difficult for degraded, long service life, and unit price is low, shortcoming is to block heat bridge, easily produce condensation in the house, can cause indoor getting damp, human settlements are uncomfortable, reduce the house usable floor area, finishing destroys insulation layer etc. easily.So generally have only industrial premises to adopt exterior wall internal insulation at present, the merchant firmly then takes external wall outer insulation with the room.The common way of external wall outer insulation is to adopt thermal insulation mortar to add the construction technology of plastics (extrusion molding or foaming) warming plate at present; Tradition external wall outer insulation construction sequence is followed successively by second time bonding interface agent of second time flexible putty of 1. powder main body substrate metope levelling → 2. the brush first pass bonding interface agent → warming plate that 3. bonds → 4. scrape first pass flexible putty → 5. hang gauze wire cloth [or pasting one deck glass dimension cloth instead of steel silk screen] → 6. beat fixedly gauze wire cloth → 7. powder wire rope net surface levelling of wall nail → 8. scrape → 9. brush → 10. brush outside finish coating; From above common job practices as can be seen, this method generally needs 10 procedures.Numerous and diverse operation of constructing is many, and efficient is low, the labor cost height.Because this construction technology when doing wall face, needs scene powder multi-layer concrete mortar levelling again, and this also deadly defect of this construction technology exactly, because concrete material is in hardening process and after the sclerosis, its volume can produce contraction; The reason of shrinking has the drying that causes because of dehydration to shrink, because of the temperature that hydration reaction end back cooling causes is shunk, because of the carbonization that the Carbon Dioxide in Air effect causes is shunk and harden early stage autonomous contraction that produces and plastic shrinkage etc.With the polyphenyl plate is example, its coefficient of thermal conductivity is about 0.04W/ (m.K), and be that to add the polymer mortar coefficient of thermal conductivity that organic elasticity macromolecule forms be about 0.93W/ (m.K) to material of main part with the cement mortar, the coefficient of thermal conductivity of two materials differs 23 times, concrete coefficient of thermal conductivity is 1.74W/ (m.K), differs relative less with the coefficient of thermal conductivity of cement mortar.When heat-insulation system is subjected to sun direct projection, because the thermal resistance of polyphenyl plate, make the heat of anticracking grout overcoat be difficult for diffusing to main body wall by conduction, form the thermal-arrest effect on its surface, average surface temperature can reach 60～75 ℃ in summer, some areas even up to 80 ℃ have surpassed the highest heat-resistant limit of polyphenyl plate; And on traditional brick wall, concrete wall the cement mortar of trowelling because coefficient of thermal conductivity and main body wall difference are less, be difficult for forming the thermal-arrest effect on its surface, its surperficial heat can well be conducted diffusion to main body wall.In summer during the highest temperature, its surface temperature is generally about 50～60 ℃, than low 10～20 ℃ of the anticracking grout laminar surface temperature of heat insulation system.According to the universal law that material expands with heat and contract with cold, the deflection of heat-insulation system basic unit is much larger than the deflection of conventional cement mortar basic unit.Thereby external heat insulating wall easy shrinkage strain when suffering high temperature, because the contraction meeting causes shear stress at inside concrete, thereby cause aspect to produce distortion or crack, rainwater in the atmosphere, steam is in case enter insulation layer by the crack, warming plate is destroyed lose heat insulation effect, the binding material adhesion strength is died down, and blast, water logging, freeze thawing, heat expansion all is again that unlimited all the time ground acts on the external thermal insulation face repeatedly, if anchoring piece is not that heat bridge effect may form dropping liquid at wall nail place to the plastic, thermal-insulation wall nail that adopts but common expansion bolt wall is followed closely, quicken the corrosion of gauze wire cloth and wall nail, so that taking off property of wind resistance variation, serious meeting generation sheet material comes off, if body of wall is lightweight aerated concrete or light-weight hollow building block made and porous brick then worse off cake.Because these materials body of wall limit rib of building by laying bricks or stones is thin, intensity is low, a little less than the nail-holding ability, at all can not binding face tile or other heavy facings on this external thermal insulation wall surface, and can only do exterior wall coating material, the poor durability of exterior wall coating material, even if even substrate and the insulation do flawless, several in the sun years of exterior wall coating material will fade by loss of gloss.In practical operation, it is respectively by different construction corps's constructions that quite a few external wall outer insulation engineering and coatings decoration engineering are arranged, but be not that all heat preservation construction enterprise is all very familiar to the application of coating, therefore, after finishing, heat preservation construction generally can the performance requirement that the facing coating should have in time not proposed to the Construction Party; Add of the feature not fully understanding of part coatings construction enterprises to heat insulation base layer, still construct on heat insulation base layer according to traditional material and form of construction work, cause not long facing of outer heat insulating work time cracking, hollowing just to occur at last, bad phenomenon such as peel off, Construction Party, construction party are shifted responsibility onto others mutually again to dispute over trifles and are brought very big trouble on divisions of responsibility.Buy cheap material even jerry can be found everywhere in order to reduce construction costs in addition build unit in charge of construction now by every possible means, several years more than ten years of exterior wall finish get off and will change so much that one loses one's identity, the same branch of a family house owner body is compared the life-span and is differed decades, in case if need renovation then operating expenses when just building is taller goes out manyly, this has just strengthened the maintenance cost in later stage undoubtedly.So with regard to present circumstances get off to see wall thermal insulating must accomplish insulation, waterproof, safe, durable, inexpensive, thing is beautiful, convenient, comfortable, being without fear of an attack from the rear just can have great vitality.

The utility model content

The utility model is to provide a kind of thermal technology and the best waterproof thermal-insulated wall body structure of combination property at the deficiency that exists in the above-mentioned background technology, the levelling of need not wiping one's face of project under construction when construction main body wall face, directly on the qualified main body clear water wall face of detection, keel are installed, the main body wall face passes through keel, positioning cards, swell fixture, flat head screw, the facing connection fastener links together facing tile, main body wall face and facing tile are enriched by the foaming of heat insulating material cast-in-site by the cavity that keel separate, heat insulating material adopts fracture elongation 〉=10%, size changing rate≤1%, rate of closed hole 〉=95%, adhesive strength 〉=100KPa, the cast-in-site foaming one-shot forming of hard bubbling of the PAUR of density 〉=45Kg/ cubic meter, it utilizes superpower bonding force of PAUR and foaming tension with the project subject wall face, keel, positioning cards, swell fixture, flat head screw, facing connection fastener etc. has sticked into one firmly with facing tile, bond area reaches 100%, because what adopt is the job practices of hard polyurethane foam non-dismantling formwork cast-in-site, directly regarded non-dismantling formwork with facing tile, generally do not needed to do in addition facing so there is specific (special) requirements.Polyurethane rigid foam exterior wall outer heat preservation system waterproof, fire prevention, thermal and insulating performance are good, can effectively clog building hole seam etc. during foam-in-place again and form the seamless continuous insulation layer of large tracts of land, realize that with body of wall no cavity is bonding, increase substantially Engineering Reliability and life-span, insulation, waterproof, decoration are once constructed to be finished, the revolution great-leap-forward development of outer heat preservation technology beyond doubt, having filled up the blank of domestic and international architectural exterior insulation industry, is energy-conservation one of optimal heat insulating materials later on of three steps.This is for realizing that in China more the high building energy conservation object is significant.The polyurethane rigid foam exterior wall outer heat preservation system has bright development prospect in China's building energy saving field.It is cheap to adopt the waterproof thermal-insulated wall body structure of polyurethane cast-in-site to have an integrated cost, the construction simple and fast, good looking appearance is generous, insulation, waterproof, fire prevention, sound insulation, bonding, freeze thawing resistance, cracking resistance become, anti-aging, wind resistance is taken off, security performance, all good later stage of overall performance need not maintenance and the same life cycle of building body.Not only be suitable for new construction, also be suitable for old housing reform and make, both be suitable for low-rise building, also be suitable for highrise building.

The technical scheme that its technical problem that solves the utility model adopts is:

Floating dust removed clean with compressed air the outside finish ceramic tile back side earlier, cut into the little edge strip of 40mm * 60mm with the ceramics of homogeneity, two is one group, adopt the double-deck stack of putting up a bridge to cement and make T font facing connection fastener with ceramic special glue, the position that deducts 1/2nd keel sidings at four angles of facing tile all uses ceramic special glue to cement one group of facing connection fastener respectively then, the vertical part of T font facing connection fastener is mutually bonding with facing tile, aliging with the facing tile limit in the limit that laterally is not tongue-and-groove, and must guarantee that the position is identical up and down.

The qualified after testing main body clear water wall face floating dust of bone dry, sand grains, oil stain etc. with compressed air remove clean (if the body of wall crossed of powder or old housing reform make should be earlier will hollowing, the cracking part rejects the back and repeats preceding working procedure), press vertical line and horizon on the position bullet on four limits of facing tile preliminary election again;

Vertically fix a 30mm * 80mm, intermediate lateral that thickness with insulation layer thickness identical with the tack swell fixture at the main body wall face in vertical line and horizon intersection then and partly have the keel that wide 20mm, the degree of depth are a bit larger tham the gauge strips groove of the little edge strip of facing connector, and guarantee that the vertical line at keel center and horizon and main body wall face bullet good vertical line and horizon are consistent, then with all keel levellings of stickfast, and guarantee adjacent facing tile all be on a keel central point and the plane;

Make the positioning cards of the recessed screw hole of little edge strip thickness identical central band of wide 19mm, long 48mm, thickness and 40mm * 60mm with hard plastics.

Concrete implementation step is to construct from bottom to top, to fix positioning cards with flat head screw in the one row's keel groove of lower end earlier, the tenon mouth that expose on the positioning cards both sides respectively is 9mm, the tongue-and-groove that then four limits is glued the facing tile of double-sided tape correctly inserts the tenon mouth that positioning cards is exposed, make facing tile lower end and keel fastening, again facing tile upper end is adjacent to corresponding keel subsequently, and then the tongue-and-groove that positioning cards is inserted facing tile fixes this positioning cards in the groove of keel with flat head screw, and each angle of facing tile all adopts this method to fix.Treat that whole one deck all fixes errorless on inspection back and just can carry out foam-in-place with high-pressure foam rifle injection polyurethane in the cavity of facing tile and the formation of main body wall face, can repeat down step circulation construction after 10 seconds.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing is a structural representation of the present utility model;

Wherein 1 is the main body wall face, and 2 is keel, and 3 is the facing connection fastener, and 4 is positioning cards, and 5 is facing tile, and 6 is swell fixture, and 7 is double-sided tape, and 8 is flat head screw, and 9 is polyurethane.

The specific embodiment

With the 3 usefulness dedicated ceramic glues of T font facing connection fastener at facing tile 5 back sides;

Remove the floating dust on the dry main body wall face 1, sand grains, oil stain etc. clean with compressed air;

Keel 2 usefulness tack swell fixtures 6 are fixed on the main body wall face 1;

Positioning cards 4 usefulness flat head screws 8 are fixed in the groove of keel 2;

Double-sided tape 7 is sticked on four limits of facing tile 5;

Facing connection fastener 3 is passed through positioning cards 4 facing tile 5 and keel 2 fastenings;

With the high-pressure foam rifle polyurethane 9 is injected in the cavity between facing tiles 5 and the main body wall face 1.

Claims (3)

1, waterproof thermal-insulated wall body structure it is characterized in that the main body wall face 1. by keel 2., positioning cards 4., swell fixture 6., flat head screw 8., 5. 3. the facing connection fastener link together facing tile, 5. 1. the main body wall face enriched by the foaming of heat insulating material cast-in-site by the cavity that 2. keel separate with facing tile.

2, according to claims 1 described waterproof thermal-insulated wall body structure it is characterized in that the main body wall face 1. and the outside finish ceramic tile 5. between heat insulating material adopt 9. cast-in-site foaming one-shot forming of hard polyurethane foam.

3, it is characterized in that exempting from the form removal facing tile according to claims 1 described waterproof thermal-insulated wall body structure 5. can be also can be with other material manufacturing with the ceramic material manufacturing.

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