CN101545308A

CN101545308A - Construction method for high-strength waterproofness and thermal insulation of external walls of buildings

Info

Publication number: CN101545308A
Application number: CN200810049486A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 曹宝军
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2008-03-29
Filing date: 2008-03-29
Publication date: 2009-09-30

Abstract

The invention discloses a construction method for high-strength waterproofness and thermal insulation of external walls of buildings, which does not need to plaster concrete mortar on a basal plane of a main wall and an outer thermal insulation layer to make level again, or does not need to paint a coating and paste face bricks or hang stones on an external wall facing again, but directly fastens tiles of the external wall facing with the basal plane of the main wall through connecting pieces, positioning cards, bolts and keels, then injects polyurethane into a cavity formed between the basal plane of the main wall and the tiles of the external wall facing for foam-in-place, and uses polyurethane rigid foam formed by foaming to stick the tiles of the external wall facing, the connecting pieces, the positioning cards, the bolts, the keels and the basal plane of the main wall into a whole, thereby greatly reducing construction procedures and reducing the cost. The polyurethane rigid foam has good performances of thermal insulation, fire resistance, waterproofness, sound insulation, freeze-thaw resistance, fission resistance, aging resistance and wind resistance, and also has powerful bonding force at the same time, so the reliability, the durability and the safety of the buildings are improved.

Description

The job practices of high-strength waterproofness and thermal insulation of external walls of buildings

Technical field

The present invention relates to technical field of buildings, particularly provide a kind of integrated cost cheap, the one-shot forming of construction technology simple and fast, the external wall waterproof heat insulating construction method that the later stage need not to keep in repair.

Background technology

In recent years, owing to consuming excessively of the energy, the excessive discharging of greenhouse gases, energy supply day is becoming tight and price climbs up and up, and multiple measures to effectively increase energy savings and reduce material consumption have all been taked in countries in the world.China is no exception, important agenda has been put in saving energy, lowering energy consumption and reducing pollutants discharge, government has also issued the laws and regulations of saving energy, lowering energy consumption and reducing pollutants discharge, for building field, a series of building energy conservation new standards have also in time been put into effect, and require newly-started real estate building project must reach legal energy-saving heat preserving standard, for standard real estate construction market provides legal basis.The insulation of building construction in the past market without ready patterns to follow, country does not issue compulsory standard yet, and house insulation has takes heat insulating inner wall also to have to take exterior-wall heat insulation, and the heat insulating inner wall construction is simple, effective, heat insulating material is not subjected to Exposure to Sunlight, drenches with rain, wind is taken off, and is difficult for that degraded is aging, long service life, and unit price is low, easily produce condensation in the house of heat insulating inner wall, can cause indoor getting damp, not too suitable people lives, and heat insulating inner wall generally mostly has been used in industrial circle now.So the merchant firmly takes exterior-wall heat insulation usually with the room.

The present exterior-wall heat insulation of China normally adopts thermal insulation mortar to add the construction technology of plastics (extrusion molding or foaming) warming plate; The external construction technology (also there is this method of employing in China) that normally adopts the middle filled polyurethane warming plate of double-layer hollow building block.The building exterior wall heat preserving construction sequence is followed successively by fixedly gauze wire cloth → powder wire rope net surface levelling of powder main body substrate metope levelling → brush interface glue → bonding warming plate → extension gauze wire cloth → beat wall nail → scrape flexible putty → swabbing as previously mentioned; Building exterior wall heat preserving construction sequence described later be when building a wall body outside insulation blocks and main wall body construct simultaneously, with special-purpose clamp main wall body and insulation blocks are got final product by the warming plate of filling in the middle of the design pitch card jail, need not levelling i.e. directly swabbing or sticking face brick at the wall face of insulation blocks then.From above the two compare the former light weight as can be seen, can be applicable to highrise building, the material unit price is low, and kind is many, numerous and diverse operation of constructing is many, efficient is low, the labor cost height.Because what this construction technology adopted is not the concrete block that is prefabricated in the factory, need the levelling of on-the-spot powder multi-layer concrete, and this also deadly defect of this construction technology exactly, because concrete material is in hardening process and after the sclerosis, its volume can produce contraction.The reason of shrinking has the drying that causes because of dehydration to shrink, because of the temperature that hydration reaction end back cooling causes is shunk, because of the carbonization that the Carbon Dioxide in Air effect causes is shunk and harden early stage autonomous contraction that produces and plastic shrinkage etc.Because the contraction meeting causes shear stress at inside concrete, thereby cause aspect to produce distortion or crack, rainwater in the atmosphere, steam is in case enter insulation layer by the crack, if what warming plate used is EPS benzene plate, because the characteristic of material, so the insulation failure phenomenon very easily takes place after suffering water intrusion, easy shrinkage strain when suffering high temperature, and may form dropping liquid, warming plate is destroyed lose heat insulation effect, also can make the corrosion of steel wire leader nail, the binding material adhesion strength is died down, so that taking off property of wind resistance variation, serious meeting generation sheet material comes off, moreover this job practices can binding face tile at wall face, and can only do exterior wall coating material, the poor durability of exterior wall coating material, even if even substrate and the insulation do flawless, several in the sun years of the measured exterior wall coating material of matter also can fade by loss of gloss, still more unit in charge of construction in order to reduce construction costs jerry can be found everywhere, construction quality often is difficult to reach designing requirement, and this has just strengthened the maintenance cost in later stage undoubtedly in case need renovation.The body of wall of latter's construction technology and outer insulation blocks all are prefabricated in the factory, density is good, the intensity height, and what heat insulating material adopted is hard polyurethane foam, it is again the insulation construction simultaneously of building a wall, so it is all good to reach workmanship, taking off property of wind resistance, weatherability, durability, not only waterproof but also be incubated, the maintenance cost in later stage is low.Though this method advantage is a lot, but also and not exclusively adapt to the most low side construction market of China, the one, outer insulation blocks unit area is too heavy, the building integral load is increased, especially from dry shrinkage of concrete characteristic, durability, security consideration binding face tile also incompatibility highrise building, the 2nd, the high up-front investment of Master Cost is big, and the 3rd, it is displeased to have reduced the usable floor area customer in the too thick room of insulation blocks.So with regard to present circumstances get off to see wall thermal insulating must accomplish insulation, waterproof, safe, durable, inexpensive, thing is beautiful, convenient, comfortable, being without fear of an attack from the rear just can have great vitality.

Summary of the invention

The present invention be directed to the deficiency that exists in the above-mentioned background technology a kind of main body metope levelling of need not plastering wall when new construction is constructed is provided, wall face adopts the entire body ceramic mosaic, do not need to do in addition facing, heat insulating material adopts fracture elongation 〉=10%, size changing rate≤1%, rate of closed hole 〉=95%, adhesive strength 〉=100KPa, the cast-in-site foaming one-shot forming of hard bubbling of the PAUR of density 〉=45Kg/ cubic meter, it utilizes superpower bonding force of PAUR and foaming tension that engineering main wall body and facing tile and positioned internal connector have been sticked into one firmly, it is cheap to have integrated cost, the construction simple and fast, good looking appearance is generous, insulation, waterproof, fire prevention, sound insulation, bonding, freeze thawing resistance, cracking resistance becomes, anti-aging, wind resistance is taken off, security performance, the all good later stage of overall performance need not to keep in repair with the external wall waterproof heat insulating construction method of building body with the life-span.This job practices not only is suitable for project under construction, more suitable old housing reform make, both be suitable for low-rise building, also be suitable for highrise building.

The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:

Floating dust removed clean with compressed air the outside finish ceramic tile back side earlier, cut into the little edge strip of 40mm * 60mm with the ceramics of homogeneity, two is one group, adopt the double-deck stack of putting up a bridge to cement and make T font facing connection fastener with ceramic special glue, the position that deducts 1/2nd keel sidings at four angles of facing tile all uses ceramic special glue to cement one group of facing connection fastener respectively then, the vertical part of T font facing connection fastener is mutually bonding with facing tile, aliging with the facing tile limit in the limit that laterally is not tongue-and-groove, and must guarantee that the position is identical up and down;

Dry not powder main body wall basal plane floating dust, sand grains, oil stain etc. with compressed air remove clean (if the body of wall crossed of powder or old housing reform make should be earlier will hollowing, the cracking part rejects the back and repeats preceding working procedure), press vertical line and horizon on the position bullet on four limits of facing tile preliminary election again;

Vertically fix a 30mm * 80mm, intermediate lateral that thickness with insulation layer thickness identical with the tack swell fixture at the main body wall basal plane in vertical line and horizon intersection then and partly have the keel that wide 20mm, the degree of depth are a bit larger tham the gauge strips groove of the little edge strip of facing connector, and guarantee that the vertical line at keel center and horizon and main wall body bullet good vertical line and horizon are consistent, then with all keel levellings of stickfast, and guarantee adjacent facing tile all be on a keel central point and the plane;

Make the positioning cards of the recessed screw hole of little edge strip thickness identical central band of wide 19mm, long 48mm, thickness and 40mm * 60mm with hard plastics.

Concrete implementation step is to construct from bottom to top, to fix positioning cards with flat head screw in the one row's keel groove of lower end earlier, the tenon mouth that expose on the positioning cards both sides respectively is 9mm, then four limits are coated the special-purpose fast tongue-and-groove of doing the facing tile of flexible glue and correctly insert the tenon mouth that positioning cards is exposed, make facing tile lower end and keel fastening, again facing tile upper end is adjacent to corresponding keel subsequently, and then the tongue-and-groove that positioning cards is inserted facing tile fixes this positioning cards in the groove of keel with flat head screw, and each angle of facing tile all adopts this method to fix.Treat that whole one deck all fixes errorless on inspection back and just can carry out foam-in-place with high-pressure foam rifle injection polyurethane in the cavity of facing tile and the formation of main body wall basal plane, can repeat down step circulation construction after 10 seconds, the height of each foaming must not surpass 50 centimetres, more must not surpass the height of facing tile.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing is a structural representation of the present invention;

The specific embodiment

With the 3 usefulness dedicated ceramic glues of T font facing connection fastener at facing tile 5 back sides;

Remove the floating dust on the dry main body wall basal plane 1, sand grains, oil stain etc. clean with compressed air;

Keel 2 usefulness tack swell fixtures 6 are fixed on the main body wall basal plane 1;

Positioning cards 4 usefulness flat head screws 8 are fixed in the groove of keel 2;

Four limits that flexible glue 7 is evenly coated in facing tile 5 are done in special use soon;

Facing connection fastener 3 is passed through positioning cards 4 facing tile 5 and keel 2 fastenings;

With the high-pressure foam rifle polyurethane 9 is injected in the cavity between facing tiles 5 and the main body wall basal plane 1.

Claims

1, the job practices of high-strength waterproofness and thermal insulation of external walls of buildings does not need when it is characterized in that constructing the flour sand slurry levelling again of main body wall basal plane, and exterior wall finish does not need in addition swabbing or bonding applique surface material yet again; Exterior wall finish directly adopts face brick to be buckled together by connector, positioning cards, screw, keel and the main body wall base;

2, according to the job practices of claims 1 described high-strength waterproofness and thermal insulation of external walls of buildings, it is characterized in that the cavity between the main body wall base and the Face Brick in Exterior is enriched by the polyurethane foam-in-place, rely on polyurethane adhesive between the main body wall base and the Face Brick in Exterior;

3, according to the job practices of claims 1,2 described high-strength waterproofness and thermal insulation of external walls of buildings, by the polyurethane foam-in-place Face Brick in Exterior, connector, positioning cards, screw, keel, the main body wall base are sticked into one, Face Brick in Exterior is not form removal construction.