CN201035149Y - 激光测距仪 - Google Patents

激光测距仪 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN201035149Y
CN201035149Y CNU2007200336200U CN200720033620U CN201035149Y CN 201035149 Y CN201035149 Y CN 201035149Y CN U2007200336200 U CNU2007200336200 U CN U2007200336200U CN 200720033620 U CN200720033620 U CN 200720033620U CN 201035149 Y CN201035149 Y CN 201035149Y
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reflector
range finder
worm screw
laser range
laser
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赵玉忠
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Nanjing Chervon Industry Co Ltd
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Nanjing Chervon Industry Co Ltd
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Priority to CNU2007200336200U priority Critical patent/CN201035149Y/zh
Priority to GB0722833A priority patent/GB2445828B/en
Priority to US12/006,527 priority patent/US7609364B2/en
Priority to DE202008000200U priority patent/DE202008000200U1/de
Priority to FR0850304A priority patent/FR2911692B3/fr
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
    • G01S7/497—Means for monitoring or calibrating
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
    • G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
    • G01S17/06—Systems determining position data of a target
    • G01S17/08—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
    • G01S7/481—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements

Abstract

本实用新型提供了一种结构紧凑、节能省电、测量准确的激光测距仪，包括一激光发生器，一位于激光发生器的发射端的准直物镜，一接收物镜，一光电检测器，绕一转轴安装在准直光路上、可旋转到一遮挡位置和一让开位置的反光板。进一步地，反光板的一端上有一传动部分，该传动部分和转轴的中心轴线相距一定距离，并与一电机驱动的蜗杆的齿相配合。通过利用该配合本身的自锁特性，当反光板到达预定位置后，无需再继续给电机供电，也可以使反光板保持在当前位置上，然后再进行距离测量，保证了测量的准确性。

Description

激光测距仪
技术领域
本实用新型涉及一种测距仪，尤其是一种用光波进行距离测量的激光测距仪。
背景技术
激光测距仪具有使用方便、测量精确、测量时间短的显著优点，因此在建筑、勘探等诸多领域得到广泛使用。
现有激光测距仪的基本结构为：含有一个激光发生器；一个位于激光发生器发射端的准直物镜或准直镜组，用于将激光发生器发出的激光转变成一束准直得测量光束并传播出去；一个位于激光发生器一侧的接收物镜，用于接收从被测物体反射回来的反射测量光束并聚焦成像；一个设置在测距仪内部的光电检测器，用于接收反射测量光束的成像并将光信号转换为相应电信号，该电信号经处理后得出测距结果。
事实上，根据在光电检测器处接收到的光信号转变而来的电信号得到的测量结果还包含测量光在测距仪内部传播的距离。另外在测量过程中，测距仪电路中各元器件不同程度的发热以及环境温度对各电子元器件的影响也导致电路中的电信号产生漂移误差，直接影响测量结果的准确性。因此，通常都会在测距仪内部提供一个长度已知的内部参考距离来提高测量准确性，并在准直测量光德光路上设置位置可变的反光板。当测量外部距离时，反光板处于让开位置，使准直测量光束不受影响的发射出去；当测量内部距离时，反光板处于遮挡位置，使准直测量光束在测距仪内部被反射，形成内部光回路。
传统的一些光学测距仪中采用电机输出轴直接带动反光板转动，当反光板切换到位时，必须给电机持续供电以将反光板保持在该位置上，非常耗电，对于主要用电池供电的测距仪尤其不利。此外，激光测距仪是一种非常精密的仪器，以致于提供给电机的电流会对测量结果产生不可忽略的影响，大大降低其测量准确性。
实用新型内容
本实用新型的目的在于：针对以上现有技术存在的问题，通过对反光板的旋转驱动结构进行改进，提出一种结构紧凑、节能省电、测量准确的激光测距仪。
为了达到以上目的，本实用新型的激光测距仪包括一激光发生器，一位于激光发生器的发射端、将激光发生器所发出光线转变成为准直测量光束的的准直物镜，一接收从一被测物体反射回来的反射测量光并使其成像的接收物镜，一安置在激光测距仪内部、接收反射测量光的光电检测器，绕一转轴安装在准直光路上、可旋转到一遮挡位置和一让开位置的反光板。进一步地，反光板的一端上有一传动部分，该传动部分和转轴的中心轴线相距一定距离，一驱动电机与一蜗杆相连接，反光板的传动部分和蜗杆的齿相配合。
由于蜗杆的齿和与反光板的传动部分的配合本身具有自锁特性，当反光板到达预定位置后，无需再继续给电机供电，也可以使反光板保持在当前位置上，然后再进行距离测量。通过这种方式，避免了在测距时还要给电机持续供电而导致影响测量电路的测量准确性，并且大大节省电能，尤其有利于主要依靠电池供电的便携式激光测距仪。
附图说明
下面结合附图对本实用新型作进一步的说明。
图1为本实用新型的一个优选实施例的立体结构示意图。
图2为图1中反光板处于内部光路上立体结构示意图。
图3为图1中反光板处于外部光路上立体结构示意图。
具体实施方式
本实用新型的一个优选实施例的激光测距仪如图1所示，安装架1的一端固定安装有一个可发射出准直测量光束2的LD(Laser Diode)模组4，该LD模组内装有一激光发生器，以及位于激光发射器发射端的准直物镜。明显地，激光发生器和准直物镜也可以直接装在安装架上。在LD模组一侧，一接收物镜9安装在安装架1前端，一位于接收物镜9光轴上的接收物镜焦点处的光电检测器3装在安装架1后端。在本优选实施例中，接收物镜是一个凸透镜的一部分，在其他实施方式中，也可以是其他合适形式的透镜。光电检测器可以是雪崩光电二极管、或PIN光电二极管、或其他合适的光电检测元件或装置。在其他实施方式中，激光发射器和准直物镜中的至少一个也可以设置在接收物镜的光轴上。
在本优选实施例中，在准直光束的传播路径上装有一个位置可切换的反光板7。反光板7的一端部装在安装架1上作为发光板7的转轴71，从转轴71的下方侧向伸出一个驱动臂72，在驱动臂72的伸出端有一个伸入蜗杆6的齿的凹入部分的凸销73。明显地，凸销73和转轴71的中心轴线相距一定距离。蜗杆6的一端与驱动电机8的输出轴直接相连。蜗杆6的中心轴线平行于准直光束2的发射方向。在其他实施方式中，电机和蜗杆之间也可以通过传动装置间接相连。
当电机8带动蜗杆6旋转时，凸销73在蜗杆6的齿的凹入部分中移动。由于凸销73和转轴71的中心轴线之间有一定距离，凸销73的移动进而带动反光板7绕轴71转动。电机8正向或反向旋转，驱动反光板7在如图2所示的遮挡位置A和如图3所示的让开位置B之间转动。当反光板7在电机带动下到达A或B位置上时，电机8停转，由于蜗杆6的齿和凸销73之间的配合本身具有自锁特性，反光板7被保持在当前位置上。当需要切换位置时，只要再次启动电机8即可。当反光板7处于遮挡位置A时，准直测量光束2被反射到安装架1内部的一个反射部分11上，经再次反射后到达光电检测器3上，形成内部光路；当反光板7处于让开位置B时，准直测量光束不受影响地发射出去，形成外部光路。
由于利用了蜗杆的齿和与凸销的配合本身的自锁特性，当反光板到达预定的遮挡位置A或让开位置B后，无需再继续给电机供电，也可以使反光板保持在当前位置上，然后再进行距离测量。通过这种方式，也就避免了在测距时还要给电机持续供电而导致影响测量电路的测量准确性，并且大大节省电能，尤其有利于主要依靠电池供电的便携式激光测距仪。
本领域的普通技术人员可以很容易想到，作为反光板和蜗杆之间的传动部分，凸销还可以被其他形状和形式的构件所替代，例如驱动臂的伸出端上可以具有V型凹槽，与蜗杆的齿的凸出部分配合，也可以起到和凸销与齿的凹入部分之间的配合同样的作用。
本实施例可以采用小规格的电机，从而使本实施例的激光测距仪结构十分紧凑，体积更加小巧，便于携带使用。
上述优选实施例和附图只是对本实用新型的内容进行阐述，而并非要限制本实用新型的保护范围。本领域的普通技术人员可以理解到在不脱离本实用新型的精神范畴的前提下，本实用新型所涉及的激光测距仪还有很多修改方案和替代方案。

Claims (5)

1.一种激光测距仪，包括：一激光发生器，一位于所述激光发生器的发射端、将所述激光发生器所发出光线转变成为准直测量光束的的准直物镜，一接收从一被测物体反射回来的反射测量光并使其成像的接收物镜，一安置在激光测距仪内部、接收所述反射测量光的光电检测器，绕一转轴安装在准直光路上、可旋转到一遮挡位置和一让开位置的反光板，其特征在于：所述反光板的一端上有一传动部分，所述传动部分和所述转轴的中心轴线相距一定距离，一驱动电机与一蜗杆相连接，所述反光板的传动部分和所述蜗杆的齿相配合。
2.根据权利要求1所述的激光测距仪，其特征在于：所述光电检测器位于所述接收物镜的焦点上。
3.根据权利要求1所述的激光测距仪，其特征在于：所述蜗杆的一端与驱动电机的输出轴直接相连。
4.根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的激光测距仪，其特征在于：所述反光板的传动部分是一个凸销，所述凸销伸入所述蜗杆的齿的凹入部分中。
5.根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的激光测距仪，其特征在于：所述反光板的传动部分具有一凹槽，所述凹槽和所述蜗杆的齿的凸出部分相配合。
CNU2007200336200U 2007-01-19 2007-01-19 激光测距仪 Expired - Lifetime CN201035149Y (zh)

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CNU2007200336200U CN201035149Y (zh) 2007-01-19 2007-01-19 激光测距仪
GB0722833A GB2445828B (en) 2007-01-19 2007-11-21 Laser distance finder
US12/006,527 US7609364B2 (en) 2007-01-19 2008-01-03 Laser distance finder
DE202008000200U DE202008000200U1 (de) 2007-01-19 2008-01-05 Laser-Entfernungsmesser
FR0850304A FR2911692B3 (fr) 2007-01-19 2008-01-18 Telemetre laser

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CN101975950A (zh) * 2010-09-20 2011-02-16 扬州精湛光电仪器有限公司 一种激光测距装置
CN101975950B (zh) * 2010-09-20 2012-10-10 江苏精湛光电仪器有限公司 一种激光测距装置
CN102636151A (zh) * 2012-04-19 2012-08-15 王振兴 激光测距仪及其测距方法
WO2023108880A1 (zh) * 2021-12-16 2023-06-22 美智纵横科技有限责任公司 检测装置和扫地机器人

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GB2445828B (en) 2009-08-05
US7609364B2 (en) 2009-10-27
FR2911692B3 (fr) 2009-08-07
DE202008000200U1 (de) 2008-05-08
GB2445828A8 (en) 2008-08-13
FR2911692A1 (fr) 2008-07-25

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