CN1998001A - 自动聚焦压电激励系统 - Google Patents
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Abstract
提供一种激励系统以便自动聚焦光学图像读取器。也提供这种技术,其应用于设计与各种类型的图像读取器相关的成像引擎和成像透镜系统。更为具体地,本发明涉及透镜导向组件和激励系统,以便自动聚焦与光学图像读取器的成像系统相关的物镜。光学图像读取器优选为一种光学代码图像读取器,以便成像光代码,例如条形码。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及在光学读取设备中成像,并且更为具体地,涉及在光学读取设备中自动聚焦目标图像的激励系统。本发明的多个方面都特别用于固态的、基于区域图像传感器的手持图像读取器,其可以定位于相对于目标图像可变的方向和距离。
背景技术
光代码是由具有不同光反射或光发射特性的图像区域组成的图案,其通常是根据先验规则而汇编的。“条形码”一词有时用于描述某些种光代码。光代码的光学特性和图像被选择用来从外表上将它们从使用它们的背景环境中区别出来。用于从光代码识别或提取数据的设备有时称为“光代码读取器”,其中条形码扫描仪是一种。光代码读取器用于许多不同环境中的固定装置以及便携式装置,例如在商店中用于为服务结帐,在制造场所用于工作流程(work flow)和库存控制,以及在运输车辆上用于跟踪包裹处理。光代码也能够用作数据输入的普遍的快速方法,例如,通过从打印的许多条形码的列表中读取目标条形码。在一些使用中,光代码读取器连接于便携式数据处理设备或数据采集和传送设备。通常,光代码读取器包括一个手动地对准目标代码的手持传感器。
多数传统光学扫描系统被设计为读取一维条形码符号。条形码是一种由固定或可变宽度间隔分开的可变宽度矩形条的图案。矩形条和间隔具有不同的光反射特性。一个一维条形码的例子是用于标识诸如产品明细的UPC/EAN代码。一个二维代码或堆叠条形码的例子是PDF417条形码。对PDF417条形码的描述和对其编码的技术已在由Shellhammer等人转让给Symbol Technologies公司的美国专利号5,635,697中公开,并将其引入本文中以供参考。另一个传统的光代码被称为“MaxiCode”。MaxiCode由中心瞄准图案或靶心中心和围绕中心瞄准的一圈六边形组成。应该注意的是,在本专利申请中公开的本发明的多个方面通常可应用于光代码读取器,而不考虑他们所适合读取的特定类型的光代码。本文所描述的发明也可应用于图像识别和/或分析设备。
多数传统扫描系统产生一束或多束激光,所述激光反射条形码符号并返回至扫描系统。系统获得一个连续的模拟波形,所述波形对应于沿着系统的一个或多个扫描行的代码所反射的光。然后系统解码波形以从条形码中提取信息。例如,转让给Symbol Technologies公司的美国专利号4,251,798公开了这种一般类型的系统,其在此被引入本文中以供参考。而在转让给SymbolTechnologies公司的美国专利号5,561,283公开了一种用于检测和解码一维和二维条形码的激光束扫描系统,其被引入本文中以供参考。
条形码也能够用成像设备来读取。例如可以使用具有二维单元阵列的图像传感器或与设备的视域内的图像元素或像素相对应的光电传感器(photosensor)。这种图像传感器可以是二维或区域电荷耦合器件(CCD)以及用于产生对应于观察区的二维像素信息阵列的电信号的相关电路。
目前所使用的许多扫描仪使用扫描激光束。一些这种系统用于可以手动对准目标的手持单元中。通常一个单独的扫描仪是包括其他扫描仪,计算机,电缆,数据终端等的更大系统的一个组件。这种系统通常是基于扫描引擎的机械或光学规格(有时称为“波形因数(form factor)”)而设计并构造的。一个这种波形因数是由Symbol Technologies公司使用的SE1200波形因数。
由于当前波形因数利用较小维数来规定扫描引擎引擎,所以有必要提供一种小型成像引擎,其能够代替在目前设计并使用的光代码读取器系统中的传统激光行扫描引擎。
还有另一个需要就是提供一种成像引擎所述成像引擎能够代替在当前设计并使用的光代码读取系统中的波形因数扫描引擎引擎以提高这种系统的可靠性,通用性和目标工作范围。
在光代码读取器中使用CCD光电检测器和物镜组件是本领域所公知的。过去,这种系统曾采用原始设计用于相对昂贵的视频成像系统中的复杂物镜组件。这种透镜组件通常使用多个大直径非球面的透镜元件。在美国专利号5,703,349中示例了在代码读取器中的非球面透镜元件和CCD光电检测器的使用。非球面透镜系统是相对昂贵并难于构建的。它们也具有单个锐聚焦和有限的区域深度,与传统的对准,照明(illumination)和信号处理以及解码算法一起限制了系统的通用性和工作范围。
Symbol Technologies公司已经研发了用于条形码扫描仪的双稳态高速区域采集(zone collection)系统。在美国专利号5,798,515和5,821,522中公开了这些系统,其使用可移动到扫描仪(嵌入光学系统)的输入光学路径中的透镜结构。
Symbol Technologies公司还研发了一种易于构造并且经济的用于成像光代码读取器的物镜组件。美国专利号6,340,114B1公开了这种组件,其内容并入本文中以供参考。所述‘114专利也公开了一种光代码读取器,能够用于以远距离读取代码。另外,’114专利也公开了一种成像光代码读取器,具有可选的视域和视图的工作深度以适应读取器的信号处理和解码能力。
然而,尽管对现有技术作出了改进,但是仍需要这种系统:这种系统足够小以符合最近的波形因数规格,同时又能提供现存系统中可以发现的相同或更高程度的通用性和性能。
发明内容
因此,为了解决现有技术中的问题,本发明涉及用于自动聚焦光学图像读取器的激励系统。并公开了可应用于与各种类型的图像读取器相关的成像引擎和成像透镜系统的设计的技术。更为具体地,本发明涉及用于自动聚焦与成像系统相关的物镜的激励系统。
本发明的一个目的在于提供一种微型成像引擎,其能够代替目前设计并使用的光代码读取系统中的传统激光行扫描引擎。
本发明的另一个目的在于提供一种成像引擎,其能够代替目前设计并使用的光代码读取系统中的波形因数扫描引擎,以提高这种系统的可靠性,通用性和目标工作范围。
本发明的另一个目的在于提供一种易于构造并且经济的用于自动聚焦成像光代码读取器的可移动物镜组件。
本发明的另一个目的在于提供几个激励组件实例,以便沿着透镜导向组件移动物镜组件以自动聚焦成像光代码读取器。
本发明的另一个目的在于提供一种具有装配了物镜组件的成像引擎的成像光代码读取器,所述物镜组件能够沿着透镜导向组件移动以自动聚焦成像光代码读取器。
本发明的另一个目的在于提供一种可移动物镜组件,根据已确定的透镜组件的聚焦质量沿着透镜导向组件移动,以自动调整成像光代码读取器的聚焦质量。
上述的一些或所有目的都可以在单个光代码读取引擎或系统中实现。加上适当的控制电路和数据处理软件,系统又可以构造为实现产生一个可以代替现有行扫描引擎的小型制造经济的成像引擎的目的。可以使引擎适用于许多不同的环境,利用多个光场和焦距以便读取多个不同大小的代码。系统也可以用于图像识别或分析,包括获取关于目标及其环境的数据。
附图说明
为了更好的理解本发明,参考对优选实施例的以下描述以及附图,其中:
图1是本发明成像引擎的优选实施例的简化功能框图;
图2是示例根据本发明实施例使用的处理设备的框图;
图3是根据本发明实施例的透镜和激励组件的剖面图;
图4A和4B是根据本发明实施例的激励组件的剖面图;以及
图5A和5B是根据本发明另一个实施例的激励组件的剖面图。
具体实施方式
现在参照附图进行详细描述,其中在几幅视图中,相同的附图标记表示相似或相同的元件,并从附图1开始,显示了根据本申请公开内容而构造的一个成像引擎110的实施例。更为具体地,图1是本发明成像引擎110的优选实施例的功能框图,示例了成像引擎的一些元件的配置。包括成像子系统和解码子系统的电子硬件通常由标记为“控制和逻辑电路”的方块112表示。双向箭头114示例了图像传感器116和控制逻辑电路112之间的信号传送。图像传感器116通过物镜组件118接收光学图像信息。进一步如图1中所示,照明源120和激励器组件122可以由控制逻辑电路112提供的信号控制。
成像引擎110能够被解码(如图1所示)或不解码以产生原始视频流。在不解码的情况下,引擎可以作为要集成到执行解码的设备中的一个元件出售。
在一个优选实施例中,图像传感器是一个电荷耦合设备(CCD)。然而,要理解的是,其他区域图像传感器也可以用于预期的目的,例如CMOS,CMD(电荷调制设备)或CID(电荷注入设备)传感器。本发明的优选实施例可以包括用于处理和解码从图像传感器116接收到的图像数据的电路和/或软件。图像传感器产生电信号,所述电信号通常相应于目标图像的像素信息的二维像素组。该数据由基于电路/软件的系统进行分析以确定黑和白临界信息。像素数据被分为子图像,例如,32×32像素的子图像。分析这些子图像以获得已知与多种类型的光代码相关的特性以及已知从从背景(非代码)图像中区分其他代码和特定代码的特性。
提供具有至少一个透镜的透镜组件118以将入射光聚焦在图像传感器116上。透镜组件118可沿着透镜导向组件124移动以改变后焦距。适用于本发明的成像引擎的优选实施例的物镜组件118可以包括包含至少一个透镜元件的圆柱形外壳。透镜元件可以卡锁安装在圆柱形外壳中以将透镜保持在公共光轴的位置上。
在优选实施例中,透镜组件118在多个位置之间自动移动以自动聚焦要成像的物体,例如条形码。当透镜组件118移动时,透镜导向组件124导向并支持透镜组件118以在成像物体之前自动聚焦物体。
激励组件122优选地将近处的或远处的运动告知透镜组件118,以便分别将透镜组件远离或朝向物体移动。因此,透镜组件118的运动量取决于激励组件122激励的时间量乘以透镜组件118移动给定单元时间的距离(速度)。
优选地,在确定了成像装置和要成像的物体之间的距离之后启动激励组件122。转让给Symbol Technologies公司的美国专利号6,340,114B1公开了能够用于确定本发明的成像装置和物体之间的距离的一种距离确定方法。该方法涉及使用一种成像光代码读取器的对准系统以测量到目标图像的距离。其他距离确定方法也可以用于确定成像装置和要成像的物体之间的距离,例如,于2003年4月29日申请的一并待决的美国专利申请序列号10/425,499中公开的方法,将其引入本文当中以供参考。
然后,由处理系统将确定的到物体的距离与相对固定参照点(例如,透镜导向组件的特定点,诸如中心点)的透镜导向组件124的具体或大约位置相关联。
然后,与成像装置通信的处理系统确定相对固定参照点透镜组件需要移动到透镜导向组件的具体或大约位置的距离大小。为了执行该计算,处理系统考虑相对固定参考点的透镜组件118的参考点的最后存储的位置。不考虑偶然的需要通过手动或自动将透镜组件的当前位置设置在相对规定参考点的已知位置来校准成像装置,透镜组件118的参考点的最后存储的位置就等同于相对固定参考点的透镜组件118的参考点的当前位置。
最后记录的或当前的位置是由处理系统不断地计算透镜组件118的参考点相对固定参考点移动的距离量而确定的。例如,在成像装置的初始生产设置或校准之后,透镜组件118的参考点位于与固定参考点同一平面上,或位于距离固定参考点已知距离的位置,例如距离固定参考点尽可能远的位置。
之后,在成像装置操作过程中,透镜组件118沿着透镜导向组件124移动以自动聚焦成像装置。在激励组件122每次激励的过程中,透镜组件沿着轴向前或向后所移动的距离会由处理系统分别增加或减小到先前记录的数。例如,如果透镜组件118的初始位置标识为位置零(优选地该初始位置等同于与固定参考点相同平面的透镜组件的参考点)并且在激励组件激励一预定时间周期以参照固定参考点将透镜组件移动+0.11mm(例如,朝向要成像的物体0.11mm)之后,处理系统将零和+0.11相加以将透镜组件的参考点的新位置确定为距离固定参考点+0.11mm。该位置由处理系统存储并称为透镜组件118的参考点的最后存储位置或上述的参考点的当前位置。激励组件的预定激励时间周期是由处理系统根据透镜组件基于成像装置和物体之间的确定距离需要移动多远才能自动聚焦物体所确定的。
在透镜组件118的当前位置,接着成像装置对物体进行成像,并将表示成像物体的信号传送到能够执行一系列可编程指令的图像处理系统,以便识别成像的物体和/或获取由成像物体编码的信息,诸如条形码编码的信息。图像处理系统优选地与处理系统集成。
在成像装置被自动聚焦并且物体被成像之后,对接下来要成像的物体重复上述自动聚焦成像处理。也就是说,在通过用户按下成像光代码读取器的启动按钮或执行一些其他动作来启动自动聚焦成像处理时,成像装置和要成像的物体之间的距离是由对准系统连同处理系统一起确定的。然后,处理系统确定透镜组件118从当前位置要朝着物体或远离物体所要移动的距离量,并确定相应的激励组件的激励时间周期。然后,激励组件激励与激励时间周期相同的时间,并且将透镜组件118移动与预定量相等的距离以自动聚焦要成像的物体。然后成像该物体。
继续参照上个例子,然后处理系统将透镜组件118的参考点的新位置存储为距离固定参考点的+0.11mm加上新移动的距离。如果新移动的距离是-0.73mm(即,透镜组件远离要成像的物体移动0.73mm),则透镜组件的参考点的当前位置确定为距离固定参考点-0.62mm。通过确定透镜组件118的参考点一定位于距离固定参考点-0.62mm的位置(即,与物体的位置相反方向上距离固定参考点0.62mm)来计算新移动的距离以根据成像装置和物体之间的确定距离最大化地自动聚焦要成像的物体。
更进一步地,聚焦质量确定方法能够用于通过分析像素数据而自动区分条形码和其他物体。因此,能够在已经捕获物体的整个图像之前,将表示物体类型的信号和描述物体的其他信息提供给图像处理系统,或者在使用所有像素不断成像物体,但只分析代表一些像素的数据的情况下,最后获取的图像或接受的图像被提供给图像处理。
另外,通过获知物体的类型,临界聚焦质量范围或图像分辨率可以在“处理过程中(on-the-fly)”被调节。例如,如果被成像的物体确定为一个条形码,则临界聚焦质量可以调节到一个表示低到中的图像分辨率的范围之内。如果被成像的物体被确定为一个精美印刷的数字,则临界聚焦质量可以调节到一个表示中到高的图像分辨率的范围之内。预期的是,也可以使用一个编号系统来量化聚焦质量。例如,可以使用一到十的范围,其中数字一等同于极差的聚焦质量或图像分辨率,而数字十等同于极高聚焦质量或图像分辨率。
上述的成像装置可以构成成像引擎的一部分,而成像引擎又包括电源,解码电路和视频控制电路。在优选实施例中,成像引擎体积小于两立方英寸,而大小可以代替诸如SE900和SE1200波形因数成像引擎之类的手持条形码扫描仪中的移动激光束成像引擎。这种成像引擎可以设计为读取多个类型的光代码,包括在11/2和18英寸或更多之间的工作范围的高和低密度条形码。
更为具体地,如图1所示,激励组件122优选地配置为从控制逻辑电路112接收控制信号并使物镜组件118移动。物镜组件的移动将改变在图像传感器116的图像的聚焦质量。更为具体地,在操作中,控制逻辑电路112可以命令激励器组件122使物镜组件118在相对短焦距和相对长焦距之间移动,从而允许成像引擎被用于读取与成像引擎不同距离的不同大小的图像,而图像保持焦距对准。
照明源120可以包括照明印刷电路板和微透镜盘(lenslet plate)。照明印刷电路板可以包括多个发光二极管。在优选实施例中,在照明板上安置二十个660nm激光二极管。而在可选实施例中,可以使用产生更高或更低波长光的激光二极管。在其他情况中,激光二极管也可这样安置以使目标区域均匀被照明。在可在成像引擎中选择多个视域和多个焦距的系统中,照明系统可以提供不同的照明区域。发光二极管的发射光通过成像引擎的前板中的缝隙或微透镜投射。
照明源可以产生相对较宽的较低输出强度光束以照明相对靠近成像光代码读取器的目标条形码,以及产生相对较窄的较高输出强度光束以照明相对远离读取器的目标条形码。用于产生较低输出强度照明光束的一部分照明源可以包括一个或多个位于距离透镜组件的基本光轴相对较近的位置、具有宽发散图案的发光元件。也可以使用其他元件来提供更长范围的更高输出强度的照明光束。在优选实施例中,该功能是由具有窄发散图案、位于距离成像引擎的基本光轴相对较远的位置的光发射元件实现的。后面这些元件可以是多个发光二极管,每个二极管与位于成像引擎前面的聚焦微透镜相关。
在使用多个发光元件的照明系统中,可以在照明区域产生一定的强度变化。在本发明的优选实施例中,图像处理电路和/或软件为来自图像传感器的信号补偿在照明源提供的照明中的已知变化。
光学图像数据是由图像传感器116内的电路和软件获得并处理的。该数据可以是电信号的形式,所述电信号与目标图像的像素信息的二维阵列相对应。数据可以被存储在控制和逻辑电路112的存储器中以便随后的处理。可以理解的是,处理软件可以访问各级存储的图像数据。在多个处理步骤中,可以调用一部分图像数据以进一步处理或确认正在运行的分析。
图2显示了一个处理设备210的示例,该处理设备可以用于执行诸如用于确定本文所述的多个元件的距离的程序。设备210包括处理器212和存储器214,其通过一个或多个系统总线组215的至少一部分进行通信。控制设备216和网络接口设备218也利用系统总线组215的至少一部分。设备210可以表示诸如控制和逻辑电路212或用于执行至少一部分根据本发明的处理的任何其他类型的处理设备的部分或组合。设备210的元件可以与这种设备的常规元件一致。
例如,处理器212可以表示微处理器,中央处理单元(CPU),数字信号处理器(DSP),或特定应用集成电路(ASIC),以及这些和其他处理设备的部分或组合。存储器214通常是电子存储器,但也可以包含或包括其他类型的存储设备,例如基于磁盘的光学或磁性存储器。控制设备216可以与处理器212相关。控制设备216也可以进一步配置为传送控制信号。
本文所述的图像聚焦技术可以使用利用设备210的各个存储器和处理器元件来存储和执行的软件全部或部分的实现。例如,用于确定多个元件的距离的处理可以使用存储在存储器214中的一个或多个软件程序来至少部分地实现,并由处理器212执行。这种软件程序可以在诸如存储器214和处理器212之类的设备元件中存储并执行的特殊方式是本领域所公知的,因此本文不再详细描述。
现参照图3,根据本发明的优选实施例示例了一个成像装置300。成像装置300包括图像传感器305,透镜组件310,和压电激励组件315。压电激励组件315包括弹簧320和压电激励器325。如以下将要详细描述的,该实施例依靠压电激励组件335的移动而在达到目标图像的理想聚焦的方向上移动透镜组件310。而且,成像装置被配置为将透镜组件移动大约总共500微米的距离,并在具有精确度为+/-10微米的该距离内的任意一点停下。
透镜组件310优选地是由诸如滑套或活铰链之类的透镜导向系统支撑的。图3中所示例的透镜导向系统330与2003年4月29日申请的一并待决的美国专利申请序列号10/425,344中描述的活铰链相应,将其引入本文当中以供参考。因此,透镜导向系统300提供必要的支撑,而又保持足够灵活以允许透镜组件310的移动以有助于聚焦经过那的光学信息。
透镜组件310被配置为聚焦图像传感器305上的光学信息。图像传感器305产生与目标图像的像素信息阵列相对应的电信号。如图1所示,来自图像传感器305的电信号被传送到控制逻辑电路。控制逻辑电路处理该信号并将输出信号提供给相对于目标图像的聚焦质量的激励器组件。于2003年3月14日申请的美国专利申请序列号10/389,184中有更为详细的描述了用于确定目标图像是否对准了焦点以及相应的输出信号应该是什么的方法,将其引入本文以供参考。
在该实施例中,参考图1中的激励器组件,其包含如图3所示的压电激励器组件315。弹簧320对压电激励器325接近尾端的地方在如箭头A所示朝向透镜组件310的方向上施加恒力。因此,从压电激励器325的远端延伸出来的尖端335与透镜组件310保持恒定的接触。
在运行过程中,是通过本领域普通技术人员熟知的方式将来自控制逻辑电路的输出信号施加于压电激励器325。压电激励器325对信号的接收导致压电激励器325机械地变型,而变型又反过来导致尖端335的移动。由于尖端335与透镜组件310保持恒定的接触,所以压电激励器325的任何变型都经由尖端335转化为透镜组件310的移动。优选地,将尖端335的表面结构设计为,使得尖端335和透镜组件310之间的摩擦系数最小化或消除尖端335的远端和透镜组件310的表面之间的任何滑动。而且,被传送到压电激励器325的信号的变化将导致压电激励器325不同地变型。因此,压电激励器325的移动以及由此导致的透镜组件310的移动可以通过改变控制信号而控制。信号的变化将导致压电激励器机械地变型包括,例如,电压、电流和周期的变化。由于透镜组件310是由透镜导向系统330控制的,所以最普遍的组件移动方向就是在箭头B-B所示的方向上沿着中心光轴。
有利的是,可以对压电激励器325作出非常精确的改变,所述改变通过透镜组件310又转化为精确的聚焦调节。参照图3所示例的实施例所描述的配置,其提供了一种快速,精确和简单的方法以自动调整对通过光学读取设备看到的图像的聚焦。
现参照图4A和4B,示例了根据本发明另一个实施例的成像装置400。成像装置400包括图像传感器405,透镜组件410,和至少两个压电激励器425。弹簧420的第一端连接于固定结构445,而弹簧420的第二端接触压电激励器425接近末端的地方。因此,弹簧420向压电激励器425和尖端435在朝向彼此的方向上施加力。然而,尖端435由凸缘440隔开,而凸缘又纵向地连接于透镜组件410的外表面。
透镜组件410的移动是由传送给至少两个压电激励器中一个或多个激励器的信号引起的。响应于该信号,压电激励器以一种方式机械地变型,而所述方式又将引起相应尖端435的移动。由于尖端435与凸缘是物理接触的,凸缘又沿着透镜组件410的纵轴连接,所以尖端435的移动引起凸缘449和透镜组件410在将达到对目标图像的理想聚焦的方向上的移动。
透镜组件优选地支撑在诸如滑套或活铰链之类的透镜导向系统430内。图4A和4B中所示例的透镜导向系统430与以上参照图3所述的透镜导向系统330的活铰链相类似。因此,透镜导向系统430的活铰链提供必要的支撑,而又保持足够灵活以允许透镜组件410的移动以有助于对经过那里的光学信息的聚焦。压电激励器425由固定结构445支撑。有利的是,该配置消除了在透镜导向系统430上的任何额外的负载,所述负载将在压电激励器由透镜导向系统支撑的情况下发生。两个在相反的方向上的压电激励器425的配置为,能够具有加强或衰减对凸缘440实施的力的作用。
透镜组件410被配置为聚焦图像传感器405上的光学信息。图像传感器405产生与目标图像的像素信息阵列相对应的电信号。如图1所示,来自图像传感器305的电信号被传送到控制逻辑电路。控制逻辑电路处理该信号并将输出信号提供给相对于目标图像的聚焦的激励器组件。于2003年3月14日申请的美国专利申请序列号10/389,184中有更为详细的描述了用于确定目标图像是否对准了焦点以及相应的输出信号应该是什么的方法,将其引入本文以供参考。
现参照图5A和5B,示例了根据本发明另一个实施例的成像装置500。成像装置500包括图像传感器505,透镜组件510,和至少两个压电激励器525。弹簧520的第一端连接于固定结构545。将弹簧520的第一端连接于固定结构545消除了加在导向组件530上的任何额外的负载。而弹簧520的第二端接触压电激励器525的第一端。因此,弹簧520向压电激励器525的第一端施加力。尖端535从压电激励器525的第二端延伸出来并接触透镜导向组件530的上部分。透镜导向组件530可以配置为,例如,滑套或活铰链。
透镜组件510的移动是通过将信号传送到一个或多个压电激励器525而实现的。响应于该信号,压电激励器以一种方式机械地变型,而所述方式又将引起相应尖端535的移动。由于尖端535与透镜导向组件530的上部分是物理接触的,所以尖端535的移动将引起透镜导向组件530的移动,而透镜导向组件530的移动反过来又将引起透镜组件510的移动。参照图5A和5B描述的实施例的配置允许简化的设计和制造过程,以及提高的可靠性。
尽管本文已参考附图描述了本发明的示意性实施例,但是可以理解的是,本发明不限于那些精确的实施例,并且本领域的普通技术人员在不背离本发明的范围或精神的情况下可以作出多种其他改变和修改。例如,光学系统可以包括具有两个不同视域的第一和第二物镜。因此,在不背离如下从文字上以及法律上认同的等同物的权利要求所阐明的本发明的精神或范围的情况下,可以作出多种修改和变化。
Claims (22)
1、一种成像装置包括:
一个图像传感器,用于产生与表示目标图像的光学信息相对应的电信号;
一个透镜组件,用于在图像传感器上聚焦目标图像;以及
至少一个压电激励组件,配置为移动透镜组件以在图像传感器上聚焦目标图像。
2、如权利要求1所述的成像装置,进一步包括一个透镜导向组件,其中透镜组件沿着透镜导向组件移动以在图像传感器上聚焦目标图像。
3、如权利要求2所述的成像装置,其中透镜导向组件包含一对活铰链。
4、如权利要求2所述的成像装置,其中透镜导向组件包含一个圆柱形衬套。
5、如权利要求1所述的成像装置,其中图像传感器包括一个电荷耦合装置。
6、如权利要求1所述的成像装置,其中至少一个压电激励器组件包含一个压电激励器,一个从压电激励器末端延伸出来的尖端以及邻近于压电激励器接近末端的弹簧。
7、如权利要求6所述的成像装置,其中尖端与透镜组件相接触以使尖端的移动引起透镜组件的移动。
8、如权利要求1所述的成像装置,其中光学信息包括一个像素信息阵列。
9、如权利要求8所述的成像装置,其中像素信息阵列是二维的。
10、如权利要求1所述的成像装置,其中至少一个压电激励器组件是位于透镜组件的邻近处。
11、如权利要求1所述的成像装置,进一步包括控制和逻辑电路,用于处理由图像传感器产生的电信号。
12、如权利要求1所述的成像装置,其中至少一个压电激励组件配置为自动移动透镜组件以在图像传感器上聚焦目标图像。
13、如权利要求1所述的成像装置,其中目标图像是条形码。
14、如权利要求1所述的成像装置,其中成像装置配置为体积上小于两立方英寸。
15、如权利要求1所述的成像装置,进一步包括一个照明源,用于照明一个目标区域。
16、如权利要求1所述的成像装置,进一步包括至少两个压电激励组件,其配置为以相反方向放置并与从透镜组件延伸出来的纵向凸缘相接触,以使压电激励器组件的尖端的移动经由凸缘引起透镜组件的移动。
17、如权利要求2所述的成像装置,进一步包括至少两个压电激励器组件,其配置为以相反方向放置并与透镜导向组件相接触,以使压电激励器的移动引起透镜组件的移动。
18、一种利用成像装置读取图像的方法,该方法包括以下步骤:
在图像传感器中产生电信号,其中电信号与表示目标图像的光学信息相对应;
通过透镜组件在图像传感器上聚焦目标图像;以及
移动透镜组件以经由压电激励器组件在图像传感器上聚焦目标图像。
19、如权利要求18所述的方法,进一步包括确定成像装置和目标图像之间的距离的步骤。
20、如权利要求18所述的方法,进一步包括将电信号传送到图像处理系统的步骤,所述图像处理系统配置为执行一系列可编程指令以识别目标图像。
21、一种利用成像装置聚焦图像的方法,该方法包括以下步骤:
确定成像装置和目标图像之间的距离;
将确定的到目标图像的距离与透镜导向组件的位置相关联;
确定透镜组件相对于透镜导向组件位置的当前位置;
确定在图像传感器上聚焦目标图像所需要移动透镜组件的距离量;以及
将透镜组件移动确定的距离量,以在图像传感器上聚焦目标图像,其中透镜组件经由压电激励器组件移动一个确定的距离以在图像传感器上聚焦目标图像。
22、一种成像装置的子配件,该子配件包括:
机壳;
机壳内设置的透镜组件,透镜组件配置为在图像传感器上聚焦目标图像;以及
一个压电激励器组件,配置为移动透镜组件以在图像传感器上聚焦目标图像。
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CNA2003801062378A Pending CN1998001A (zh) | 2002-12-18 | 2003-12-17 | 自动聚焦压电激励系统 |
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