CN1997843B - 汽车变速器 - Google Patents

汽车变速器 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1997843B
CN1997843B CN200480030065.5A CN200480030065A CN1997843B CN 1997843 B CN1997843 B CN 1997843B CN 200480030065 A CN200480030065 A CN 200480030065A CN 1997843 B CN1997843 B CN 1997843B
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Prior art keywords
automotive transmission
connecting plate
control member
gear
engaging
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN1997843A (zh
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约瑟夫·巴德尔
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ZF Friedrichshafen AG
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ZF Friedrichshafen AG
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H57/00General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H57/031Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein characterised by covers or lids for gearboxes
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D25/00Fluid-actuated clutches
    • F16D25/08Fluid-actuated clutches with fluid-actuated member not rotating with a clutching member
    • F16D25/082Fluid-actuated clutches with fluid-actuated member not rotating with a clutching member the line of action of the fluid-actuated members co-inciding with the axis of rotation
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H63/00Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
    • F16H63/02Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
    • F16H63/30Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
    • F16H63/3023Constructional features of the final output mechanisms the final output mechanisms comprising elements moved by fluid pressure
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H57/00General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H2057/02039Gearboxes for particular applications
    • F16H2057/02043Gearboxes for particular applications for vehicle transmissions
    • F16H2057/02047Automatic transmissions
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H3/00Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/02Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/08Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
    • F16H3/087Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears
    • F16H3/093Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears with two or more countershafts
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H57/00General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H61/00Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/26Generation or transmission of movements for final actuating mechanisms
    • F16H61/28Generation or transmission of movements for final actuating mechanisms with at least one movement of the final actuating mechanism being caused by a non-mechanical force, e.g. power-assisted
    • F16H61/30Hydraulic or pneumatic motors or related fluid control means therefor
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H61/00Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/70Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing specially adapted for change-speed gearing in group arrangement, i.e. with separate change-speed gear trains arranged in series, e.g. range or overdrive-type gearing arrangements
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/19Gearing
    • Y10T74/19219Interchangeably locked
    • Y10T74/19242Combined gear and clutch

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Details Of Gearings (AREA)
  • Gear-Shifting Mechanisms (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Clutches, Magnetic Clutches, Fluid Clutches, And Fluid Joints (AREA)
  • Arrangement Of Transmissions (AREA)
  • Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种汽车变速器(2),其具有外壳(4),在外壳内部或者外壳表面上具有力矩传递部件(14、16、18、20、30),它们包括设置在汽车变速器(2)和驱动汽车变速器(2)的驱动装置(8)之间的离合装置(30),在外壳内部或者外壳表面上设置用于操纵力矩传递部件(14、16、18、20、30)的操纵部件(40、46、56、60、64、66)。外壳(4)包括在离合装置(30)方向上延伸的区域,里面具有可与外壳(4)固定连接的连接板(32)。连接板(32)上具有至少用于操纵力矩传递部件(14、16、18、20、30)的操纵部件(40、46、56、64、66)的部分的容纳处。

Description

汽车变速器
技术领域
本发明涉及一种汽车变速器。
背景技术
汽车变速器在现代化的结构中具有大量必须设置在汽车变速器外壳内的功能。如果在自动变速器中促动器也要在变速器的里面或者上面整体构成,那么变速器的结构就会非常复杂和成本很高。同时还要满足变速器符合实际安装的要求,从而使安装人员便于将变速器的各个部件符合实际情况和规避过于复杂的安装方法的情况下进行组装。
例如申请人的DE-A1 44 22 900介绍了一种具有连接板的汽车变速器,该板利用螺栓固定在变速器外壳上并设置在外壳向离合装置延伸的区域内。在汽车变速器的中间轴之一上设置变速制动器,连接板上具有其中的部分。用于操纵变速器内力矩传递部件的操纵部件的设置和离合器操纵的设置没有介绍。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于,将汽车变速器的操纵部件根据实际和安装情况在中心部位上整体构成。
汽车变速器包括外壳,在外壳内部或者外壳表面上具有力矩传递部件。对此也可以选择将离合装置设置在汽车变速器和驱动汽车变速器的驱动装置之间。在外壳表面上或者外壳内部设置用于操纵力矩传递部件的操纵部件。外壳包括在离合装置的方向上延伸的区域,里面具有可与外壳固定连接的连接板。在该连接板上具有对于至少部分所述用于操纵力矩传递部件的操纵部件的容纳处。在本发明一种具有优点的构成中,连接板上具有对于至少部分所述在驱动装置和汽车变速器之间的离合装置的操纵部件的容纳处。最好在此方面离合装置为采用中心分离的离合器。在特别具有优点的方式中,连接板在离合装置上以两个套叠的管的方式构成并在管之间的环形室内在两个管之间可轴向移动设置操纵活塞。
在本发明另一具有优点的构成中,连接板上具有用于汽车变速器的齿轮进入或者脱离力矩传递状态进行换档的操纵部件的容纳处。最好操纵部件为汽车变速器的主变速器部件和/或者前置副变速器部件和/或者后置副变速器部件的部分。在此方面,操纵部件以具有优点的方式包括气动气缸,其中一部分气缸由连接板构成和一部分气缸由外壳构成。
这样构成具有连接板的汽车变速器可以使许多重要部件和功能件具有优点和便于安装地与中心部位整体构成。除了离合器操纵和操纵换档部件外,在该连接板上至少具有变速制动器和变速油泵的部分。连接板可以独立于其他变速器外壳制造并因此从各个部位上加工工具很容易接近。通过螺栓保证连接板与外壳在汽车变速器安装期间简单连接。
附图说明
现借助附图对本发明进行详细说明。其中:
图1示出汽车变速器部分的剖面图;以及
图2示出图1的另一剖面图。
具体实施方式
图1示出汽车变速器2,它包括外壳4。输入轴6与一般为内燃机的驱动装置8连接并在外壳4内可旋转支承在轴承10上。输入轴6上可旋转支承齿轮12,它与第一中间轴16上的齿轮14和第二中间轴20上的齿轮18啮合。
本发明在这里借助将功率分配在两个中间轴上的汽车变速器进行介绍。但本发明以相同方式也适用于具有一个中间轴的汽车变速器。
第一中间轴16支承在外壳4内的圆锥辊子轴承22上并在其一端上携带由中间轴16传动用于变速器内输送润滑油的齿轮泵24。第二中间轴20支承在外壳4内的圆锥辊子轴承26上并在其一端上携带制动中间轴20并因此制动整个汽车变速器2的公知结构类型的变速制动器28,它例如在换档过程中使用。环绕输入轴6在汽车变速器2和驱动装置8之间设置公知结构类型的离合装置30,它不是本发明的主题并在这里仅作为用于介绍的部分。
在外壳4向离合装置30延伸的区域内设置连接板32,它例如通过这里没有示出的螺栓与外壳固定连接。连接板32以公知的方式至少容纳齿轮泵24和变速制动器28的部分。此外,连接板32在输入轴6的区域内这样变形,使其构成两个同心套叠的管34和36。管34和36之间的环形室38内具有环形活塞40。环形活塞40向内径向对着管36具有第一密封件42,而向外径向对着管34环形活塞具有第二密封件44。密封件42和44对外界气密密封环形室38,从而环形活塞40通过注入环形室38内的操纵介质,最好是压缩空气可以轴向运动并可以为打开离合装置30而操纵分离轴承46。压缩空气可以直接通过外壳进行输送,由此取消了用于输送压缩空气的软管和管。离合装置30上这里未示出的行程传感器的电引线同样可以直接通过外壳4或连接板32引入。为支持环形活塞40的运动而具有环形弹簧48,其设置在环形活塞40和连接板32之间的环形室38内。
图2对相同部件示出与图1相同的附图符号。此外,图2示出连接板32上的第一气缸部分50,它与在外壳4内构成的第二气缸部分52共同构成在汽车变速器2的主变速器部分内这里未详细示出的动力气缸64。为此在由两个气缸部分50和52构成的动力气缸64内装入可轴向移动的活塞54,上面固定一直达到主变速器部分的换档滑杆56。该活塞54同样由压缩空气操纵,压缩空气通过连接板32或外壳4上这里未示出的孔输送到动力气缸64。
滑动套筒58属于主变速器部分前置副变速器。滑动套筒58的操纵通过与活塞62连接的换档滑杆60进行。活塞62可轴向移动地设置在动力气缸66内并由压缩空气操纵,其同样可以在外壳4或者连接板32上具有的孔内输送到动力气缸66。连接板32上具有动力气缸66的第一气缸部分68,而第二气缸部分70由外壳4构成。
在这里未示出的第三气缸内还设置第三活塞,它通过另一换档滑杆控制主变速器后置副变速器的滑动套筒。
附图符号
2     汽车变速器
4     外壳
6     输入轴
8     驱动装置
10    轴承
12    齿轮
14    齿轮
16    中间轴
18    齿轮
20    中间轴
22    圆锥辊子轴承
24    齿轮泵
26    圆锥辊子轴承
28    变速制动器
30    离合装置
32    连接板
34    管
36    管
38    环形室
40    环形活塞
42    密封件
44    密封件
46    分离轴承
48    环形弹簧
50    气缸部分
52    气缸部分
54    活塞
56    换档滑杆
58    滑动套筒
60    换档滑杆
62    活塞
64    动力气缸
66    动力气缸
68    气缸部分
70    气缸部分

Claims (4)

1.汽车变速器(2),该汽车变速器(2)具有外壳(4),在外壳内部或者外壳表面上具有力矩传递部件(14、16、18、20、30),这些力矩传递部件包括设置在汽车变速器(2)和驱动汽车变速器(2)的驱动装置(8)之间的离合装置(30),并在外壳内部或者外壳表面上设置用于操纵力矩传递部件(14、16、18、20、30)的操纵部件(40、46、56、60、64、66),其中,所述外壳(4)包括在离合装置(30)方向上延伸的区域,该区域里面具有可与外壳(4)固定连接的连接板(32),其特征在于,
所述连接板(32)上具有对于至少部分所述用于操纵力矩传递部件(14、16、18、20、30)的操纵部件的容纳处,
所述连接板(32)上具有对于至少部分所述位于驱动装置(8)和汽车变速器(2)之间的离合装置(30)的操纵部件(40、46)的容纳处,所述离合装置(30)为采用中心分离的离合器,
所述连接板(32)在离合装置(30)上以两个套叠的管(34、36)的方式构成,并且所述连接板(32)在输入轴(6)的区域内这样变形从而使其构成这两个同心套叠的管,并且在这两个同心套叠的管(34、36)之间的环形室(38)内操纵活塞(40)能够在这两个同心套叠的管(34、36)之间轴向移动。
2.按权利要求1所述的汽车变速器(2),其中,所述连接板(32)上具有用于汽车变速器(2)的齿轮(14、18)进入或者脱离力矩传递状态进行换档的操纵部件的容纳处。
3.按权利要求2所述的汽车变速器(2),其中,所述操纵部件包括汽车变速器(2)的主变速器部分的换档装置(56、64)的部分、汽车变速器(2)前置副变速器部分的换档装置(58、60、66)的部分、和汽车变速器后置副变速器部分的换档装置的部分。
4.按权利要求2或3所述的汽车变速器(2),其中,所述操纵部件包括气动的气缸(64、66),其中,该气缸(64、66)的一部分由所述连接板(32)构成,该气缸(64、66)还有一部分由所述外壳(4)构成。
CN200480030065.5A 2003-10-13 2004-09-15 汽车变速器 Expired - Fee Related CN1997843B (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10347493.5A DE10347493B4 (de) 2003-10-13 2003-10-13 Fahrzeuggetriebe
DE10347493.5 2003-10-13
PCT/EP2004/010291 WO2005037590A2 (de) 2003-10-13 2004-09-15 Fahrzeuggetriebe

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CN1997843A CN1997843A (zh) 2007-07-11
CN1997843B true CN1997843B (zh) 2010-05-26

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US (1) US7475610B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP1673254B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP4991300B2 (zh)
CN (1) CN1997843B (zh)
BR (1) BRPI0415418B1 (zh)
DE (1) DE10347493B4 (zh)
WO (1) WO2005037590A2 (zh)

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JP4991300B2 (ja) 2012-08-01
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WO2005037590A2 (de) 2005-04-28
DE10347493A1 (de) 2005-05-19
EP1673254A2 (de) 2006-06-28
CN1997843A (zh) 2007-07-11
US20060283275A1 (en) 2006-12-21
EP1673254B1 (de) 2013-06-26
BRPI0415418A (pt) 2006-12-05
BRPI0415418B1 (pt) 2015-12-08
WO2005037590A3 (de) 2007-01-25

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