CN1996119B - 波长选择光吸收光学元件 - Google Patents

波长选择光吸收光学元件 Download PDF

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CN1996119B
CN1996119B CN200610064248XA CN200610064248A CN1996119B CN 1996119 B CN1996119 B CN 1996119B CN 200610064248X A CN200610064248X A CN 200610064248XA CN 200610064248 A CN200610064248 A CN 200610064248A CN 1996119 B CN1996119 B CN 1996119B
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金谷浩子
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    • G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
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    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
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    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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Abstract

一种波长选择光吸收光学元件，其中450nm波长的光透射率(T450)、545nm波长的光透射率(T545)以及610nm波长的光透射率(T610)满足下列关系(I)：T450<T545<T610 (I)。

Description

波长选择光吸收光学元件
技术领域
本发明涉及一种波长选择光吸收光学元件，特别是，本发明涉及一种优选在彩色液晶显示器(LCD)中安装和使用的波长选择光吸收光学元件。
背景技术
如图1和图2中所示，彩色LCD(1)包含图像显示单元(5)和从图像显示单元(5)背面照亮图像显示单元(5)的光源(6)，图像显示单元(5)包含液晶单元(2)、设置在液晶单元(2)各个表面上的一对偏振片(3)和设置在偏振片(3)中的一个的表面上的彩色滤波器(4)，彩色光穿过液晶单元(2)用作彩色显示。此类的彩色LCD被广泛地用作在液晶电视等的显示器。
作为构成彩色LCD的光源(6)，通常采用冷阴极荧光灯(CCFL)。在图1的侧边缘型彩色LCD情形下，位于CCFL和图像显示单元(5)之间的光路上，安装有如光导板(7)把光从CCFL导引到图像显示单元(5)的光学元件，用来均匀照亮图像显示单元(5)的光扩散板(8)，棱镜片(9)等。除了偏振片(3)和彩色滤波器(4)，图像显示单元(5)还具有如延迟薄膜(10)等用来获得更好显示质量的光学元件。而且，用来从外面保护图像显示单元(5)的前平板(11)被设置在图像显示单元(5)的前面上。
关于此光学元件，作为能抑制由于光散射和/或光扩散而产生的光量损耗的光学元件，JP-A-10-319231公开了下述这种光学元件，其中450nm波长的光透射率(T450)、545nm波长的光透射率(T545)以及610nm波长的光透射率(T610)满足下列关系(A)：
T450>T545>T610    (A)
然而，包含传统光学元件的彩色LCD(1)未必能以满意的色彩再现性显示彩色图像。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种能使彩色LCD以更好的色彩再现性显示彩色图像的彩色LCD。
相应地，本发明提供一种波长选择光吸收光学元件，其中450nm波长的光透射率(T450)、545nm波长的光透射率(T545)以及610nm波长的光透射率(T610)满足下列关系(I)：
T450<T545<T610   (I)
根据本发明的波长选择光吸收光学元件用作构成显示装置的光学元件非常有用。例如，包含本发明光学元件作为光扩散板的彩色LCD，具有良好的彩色图像色彩再现性。
附图说明
图1是侧边型彩色LCD的剖面示意图。
图2是底面型彩色LCD的剖面示意图。
具体实施方式
本发明的波长选择光吸收光学元件被安装和使用在彩色LCD(1)中。
如图1和图2所示，彩色LCD(1)包含图像显示单元(5)和从图像显示单元(5)背面照亮图像显示单元(5)所显示的彩色图像的光源(6)。在图1和图2所示的彩色LCD中，冷阴极荧光灯(CCFL)通常被当作光源(6)。
图像显示单元(5)包含液晶单元(2)、设置在液晶单元(2)各表面上的一对偏振片(3)和设置在偏振片(3)中的一个的表面上的彩色滤波器(4)。彩色滤波器(4)给穿过液晶单元(2)用作彩色显示的光着色。彩色滤波器通常被设置在液晶单元(2)背面。为了显示更高质量的图像，该图像显示单元(5)可进一步包含延迟薄膜(10)。
在图1所示的侧边型彩色LCD(1)的情形中，一个光源(6)被设置在 图像显示单元(5)背面的侧部上。从光源(6)发出的光被光导板(7)等元件导向图像显示单元(5)，然后通过位于图像显示单元(5)下面的光扩散板(8)和棱镜片(9)，并均匀照亮图像显示单元(5)。
光导板(7)是将放置在图像显示单元(5)背面的侧边光源(6)发出的光导向图像显示单元(5)的光学元件。光扩散板(8)是让从光导板(7)出射的光通过平板(8)并且使之扩散的光学元件。棱镜片(9)是通过形成在该片(9)或其表面上的棱镜使通过该棱镜片(9)的光折射的、以便均匀照亮图像显示单元(5)的光学元件。棱镜片(9)通常设置在光扩散板(8)和图像显示单元(5)之间。
在图2所示的底面型彩色LCD的情形中，至少一个光源(6)被放置在图像显示单元(5)背面的下边，并通过设置在光源(6)和图像显示单元(5)之间的光扩散板(8)和设置在光扩散板(8)和图像显示单元(5)之间的棱镜片(9)均匀照亮图像显示单元(5)。
在图1或图2所示的彩色LCD(1)中，用来从外面保护图像显示单元(5)的前平板(11)被设置在图像显示单元(5)的前面。图像显示单元(5)所显示的图像通过前平板(11)被观看。
本发明的波长选择光吸收光学元件可被用于下列情况：
(a)它可以被安装在从光源(6)到图像显示单元(5)的光路上，如光导板(7)、光扩散板(8)、棱镜片(9)等；
(b)它可以被安装在图像显示单元(5)中，如偏振片(3)、延迟薄膜(10)等；
(c)它可以被安装在图像显示单元(5)的前面作为前平板(11)，它优选被安装在从光源(6)到图像显示单元(5)的光路上，因为当没有图像显示或黑色图像被显示时图像显示单元(5)的图像平面自然看起来是黑色的。
通常，本发明的波长选择光吸收光学元件的总透射率(Tt)为40％至95％。
在一个优选实施例中，本发明的波长选择光吸收光学元件在580nm波长的光透射率(T580)满足下列方程式(II)：
T580≤0.9x(T450+T545+T610)/3    (II)
或在490nm波长的光透射率(T490)满足下列方程式(III)：
T490≤0.9x(T450+T545+T610)/3    (III)
更优选地，在580nm波长的光透射率(T580)满足方程式(II)同时在490nm波长的光透射率(T490)满足方程式(III)。
在580nm波长的光透射率(T580)和/或在490nm波长的光透射率(T490)可以是0％。
本发明的波长选择光吸收光学元件可包含含有至少一种波长选择光吸收剂散布其中的透明材料。尽管该透明材料可以是无机玻璃，但更优选异丁烯酸树脂、聚苯乙烯树脂、聚碳酸脂树脂等透明树脂。因为树脂容易被加工以形成所需要的光学元件。
合适的作为染料的化合物的组合可用作波长选择光吸收剂。例如，具有最大吸收波长约为490nm的染料和具有最大吸收波长约为580nm的染料。具有最大吸收波长约为490nm的染料的例子有NK5705，NK3791以及NK1473(都可从Hayashibara Biochemical实验室获得)。具有最大吸收波长约为580nm的染料的例子包括NK5450(可从Hayashibara Biochemical实验室获得)、TAP2(都可从Yamada化学有限公司获得)、钕辛酸盐(Asada化学工业有限公司)。
透明材料所含染料数量因染料种类等而变化，且可以被恰当地选择以使得上述关系式(I)与可选方程式(II)和/或方程式(III)被满足。
波长选择光吸收光学元件包含透明树脂，该透明树脂含有散布其中的波长选择光吸收剂，该波长选择光吸收光学元件可通过下述方法被制造：
(i)通过熔化透明树脂、添加波长选择光吸收剂、熔化混合(melt kneading)混合物，然后通过常规的如挤压模塑、注模成型、压模成型等成型方法使混合物成型；
(ii)通过混合透明树脂原料一个单体或多个单体、聚合引发剂、和波长 选择光吸收剂，然后在模具中聚合单体(多个单体)；
(iii)通过在透明树脂制造的光学元件表面上使用包含波长选择光吸收剂的涂敷材料，形成波长选择光吸收剂的层；或
(iv)通过用波长选择光吸收剂浸渍由透明树脂制成的光学元件。
当波长选择光吸收光学元件呈薄片或薄膜状，可以通过将含有波长选择光吸收光学剂的薄片或薄膜层叠到透明树脂薄片或透明树脂薄膜上形成(v)。
只要本发明的效果不被削弱，本发明的波长选择光吸收光学元件可以可选地包含一种或多种如光发散剂、填充料、脱模剂、UV吸收体、如抗氧化剂、热延缓剂等稳定剂等的常规添加剂。波长选择光吸收光学元件的表面可以是光滑的或者对散射光是精密质地的。
实例
通过下列实例说明本发明，但本发明的范围不限于下述描述。
实例1
在100份按重量比的甲基异丁烯酸脂中，添加0.05份按重量比的偶氮二异丁腈(一种聚合引发剂)，0.0005份按重量比的具有最大吸收波长582nm的染料“NK5450”(可从Hayashibara Biochemical实验室获得)和0.0005份按重量比的具有最大吸收波长492nm的染料“NK5705”(可从HayashibaraBiochemical实验室获得)并混合。然后，混合物被填充在由一对玻璃平板构成的聚合单元中并用聚氯乙烯垫圈密封玻璃平板边缘，并加热聚合甲基异丁烯酸脂。由此得到厚度为2mm的聚甲基异丁烯酸脂透明薄片。
用分光光度计(U—4000，Hitachi Ltd.制造)以5nm的波长间隔测量在380nm到780nm的波长范围的情况下测量薄片的光透射率。结果如表1所示。
表1
Figure S06164248X20070302D000051
组装一种具有图1所示结构且色彩再现性(Gamut)为75％的商业可用彩色LCD。然后，按上述步骤制造的透明薄片层叠到设在图像显示单元(5)背面的光扩散板(8)上。相应地，色彩再现性增长到80％，并且该彩色LCD显示彩色图像，其可以以自然的颜色再现人的皮肤。
通过用国际照明协会规定的CIE色品图获得在彩色LCD(1)上显示的色彩再现范围，并计算所获得的色彩再现范围与国家电视系统委员会规定的色彩再现范围的面积比来计算色彩再现性(Gamut)。此面积比被用作色彩再现性(Gamut)。

Claims (5)

1.一种波长选择光吸收光学元件，该光吸收光学元件被安装和使用于在彩色液晶显示器中从光源到图像显示单元的光路上，该彩色液晶显示器包括图像显示单元和光源，
其中450nm波长的光透射率T450、545nm波长的光透射率T545以及610nm波长的光透射率T610满足下列关系(I)：
T450＜T545＜T610                        (I)
2.如权利要求1所述的波长选择光吸收光学元件，其中在580nm波长的光透射率T580满足下列方程式(II)：
T580≤0.9×(T450+T545+T610)/3           (II)
3.如权利要求1或2所述的波长选择光吸收光学元件，其中在490nm波长的光透射率T490满足下列方程式(III)：
T490≤0.9×(T450+T545+T610)/3           (III)
4.如权利要求1所述的波长选择光吸收光学元件，该光学元件是由构成彩色液晶显示器的导光板、光扩散板和棱镜片的组中选出的元件。
5.一种彩色液晶显示器，包括含有液晶单元、偏振片和彩色滤光器的图像显示单元和冷阴极荧光灯，冷阴极荧光灯用来照明所述图像显示单元，其中，如权利要求1所述的波长选择光吸收光学元件被安装在所述冷阴极荧光灯和所述图像显示单元之间的光路上。
CN200610064248XA 2005-11-24 2006-11-24 波长选择光吸收光学元件 Expired - Fee Related CN1996119B (zh)

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