CN1993584A

CN1993584A - Refuse incineration facility

Info

Publication number: CN1993584A
Application number: CNA200480043722XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 田中彻; 中村良浩
Original assignee: Hitachi Zosen Corp
Current assignee: Hitachi Zosen Corp
Priority date: 2004-10-28
Filing date: 2004-10-28
Publication date: 2007-07-04
Anticipated expiration: 2024-10-28
Also published as: WO2006046290A1; CN100487311C

Abstract

An incineration facility for introducing exhaust gas generated from a refuse incinerator (1) to a steam generator (6) and generating power by driving a steam turbine (8) with generated steam. The incinerator (1) comprises auxiliary combustion equipment (4) for raising temperature in the incinerator by auxiliary fuel, a section (11) for setting a total evaporation amount StSV generated by the entire facility, and a section (12) for setting a refuse evaporation amount SrSV being generated by incinerating refuse, wherein an auxiliary fuel amount corresponding to the difference between the set total evaporation amount and the set refuse evaporation amount is combusted by the auxiliary combustion equipment (4).

Description

The burning facility of discarded object

Technical field

The present invention relates to the burning facility of discarded object, particularly have the burning facility of the discarded object of the assisted combustion device that improves the temperature in the incinerator.

Background technology

The burning facility of burning that is used for carrying out solid waste at burning boiler etc. has the burner of when quantitatively providing discarded object the temperature in the incinerator being controlled as index (for example, opening flat 11-159713 communique with reference to the spy).

The mode of this burner is that when temperature was also lower than prescribed level in stove, in to the burner igniting, if its fuel flow rate becomes more than or equal to the value of predesignating, then (what is called FDR) was sneaked in the discarded object solid fuel.

, this burner is using all the time, and the combustion air of fuel and fuel requirement is provided in stove, by temperature igniting in the stove.

And, when the recuperation of heat according to the waste gas that is taken place in by burner obtains steam, under the situation that the TRT that is generated electricity by this steam drive steam turbine is set up in parallel, in order to carry out stable generating, perhaps in order to be adapted to the environmental standard waste gas stable treated of dioxin (dioxin) etc., at setting, thereby the control burner is so that by detecting temperature or the steam generating amount in boiler in the stove, make them become certain value temperature maintenance in the stove.

Promptly, as control, use is with the rule that stabilizes to purpose of temperature in the stove, in the main body that discarded object is acted as a fuel,, use burner in the mode that takes effect immediately for its shortage of heat part, it in the mode that postpones to come into force composite solid fuel etc. in advance in discarded object, thereby burner is the interim device that uses (and, the special burning pattern that illustrates this is equivalent to after).

If adopt the formation of above-mentioned burner, then the heat in the stove is the heat that produces of the burning by discarded object and mixes the heat that exists by the heat that the burning of fuel produces, and burner temperature in stove is used when reducing (deficiency) temporarily, in addition for owing to provide the control of the rising that fuel causes temperature in the stove and the increase of steam generating amount etc. not specify.

; in the past; temperature in stove; perhaps be arranged on steam generating amount in the boiler in the burning facility (below; be called evaporation capacity) be controlled to be under the situation of certain (index); in the setting of carrying out the pervaporation amount; the low heat value of the discarded object that calculates according to the aflame hot revenue and expenditure of a few hours before this; ask in order to obtain the needed discarded object amount of pervaporation amount; according to the deviation of pervaporation amount of together setting with the transporting velocity of discarded object in stove and the evaporation capacity that records, the air capacity that waste combustion is used is adjusted.

That is,, therefore, use burner more, can not provide more originally for the needed air capacity of burning waste aptly owing to the heat (quantity of steam that the heat of burner produces) that burner is produced does not take in.

For example, as shown in Figure 4, under the situation that the evaporation capacity (representing with curve A) by generation of waste materials descends, because the evaporation capacity (B of oblique line portion) that adds and produce by assisted combustion device, so as shown in Figure 5, the needed combustion air amount of burning (representing with curve C) of script discarded object has only reduced the amount (representing with the D of oblique line portion) by burning (temperature rising) generation of assisted combustion device.

Therefore, cause discarded object holdup time in stove elongated, thereby also provide discarded object influential in the subtend stove, existence can not be carried out the processing as the discarded object of originally target etc.

On the other hand, in the incinerator of low heat value, be set up in parallel in the equipment of TRT with general rubbish of seasonal variety etc., promptly the waste gas from incinerator is being imported boiler, steam from this boiler is offered in the burning facility of discarded object of vapor wheel machine driving generator, be desirable to provide the electricity needs in being provided with the facility of equipment, and then can stably carry out sale of electricity, but as in the above-mentioned document in the past, under the situation of the equipment that does not have in advance in discarded object composite solid fuel be used to carry out heat to adjust, have to set for a short time to evaporation capacity (make pervaporation amount setting value be suitable for low heat value and set for a short time), perhaps have to rely on the assisted combustion device of the burner etc. of common setting, this external offal treatment aspect that can not suit does not have difference.

Particularly according to area and national different, even also have difference an identical season in the low heat value of the discarded object of general rubbish etc., this external seasonal low heat value little period, oneself requirement of generating electricity that the electric power supply capacity of country and the demand of following oneself to generate electricity also arranged different, the setting value that promptly has the evaporation capacity be used to drive steam turbine with the burning of discarded object with regard to satisfiable situation, also exist far can not adaption demand situation (for example, expression is the variation of unit evaporation capacity relevant with the low heat value of discarded object when observing with the year in the curve E of Fig. 6, and the F of oblique line portion represents that low heat value drops to the period below the setting value).And this moment, when comparing with above-mentioned setting value under the more little direct more situation that is suitable for control in the past of the evaporation capacity that is produced by the burning of discarded object, the use quantitative change of auxiliary fuel is many, and the tolerance during igniting, extinguishing sharply changes (for example, the curve G with Fig. 7 represents).And Fig. 7 is the figure of the variation of the burning of the discarded object when being illustrated in the control of burning facility and evaporation capacity (temperature too in the stove) that temperature in the stove is taken place with the burning of auxiliary fuel as index.Thereby the adjustment of the rotating speed by the guiding pressure fan that is used for the furnace pressure stabilisation of control separately and the aperture of damper makes to converging on the crank-up time of setting till pressing in the stove elongated, might hinder stable burning control.During this period, because frequent guiding pressure fan and the damper adjusted, if so to have carried out under the situation of lighting a fire again of assisted combustion device to causing that because of catching fire unintentionally the rapid reduction of temperature reverts to purpose in evaporation capacity and the stove, further become unstable, make the time of its convergence further elongated.

Thereby, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of combustion apparatus of discarded object, even under the situation of having used assisted combustion device, the combustion air of discarded object also can be provided aptly, but being carried out set amount, discarded object handles, in addition, even substantially exceed in the setting value of for example evaporation capacity under the situation of the evaporation capacity that the burning by discarded object produces, also can carry out stable burning running, steam can stably take place.

The burning facility of discarded object of the present invention possesses: incinerator is used for burning waste; The waste supplying device provides discarded object to this incinerator; The combustion air feedway provides combustion air in above-mentioned incinerator; Assisted combustion device makes the auxiliary fuel burning make temperature raising in the stove thereby be arranged in the above-mentioned incinerator; Steam raising plant utilizes the heat that takes place in above-mentioned incinerator to produce steam; And control device, control above-mentioned waste supplying device, combustion air feedway and assisted combustion device at least, above-mentioned control device comprises: pervaporation amount configuration part, the steam generating amount of setting relevant devices integral body (below, be called the pervaporation amount); The evaporation capacity configuration part is set by the steam generating amount of generation of waste materials (below, be called the discarded object evaporation capacity); Discarded object low heat value configuration part, the low heat value of setting discarded object; The lower calorific value of fuel configuration part, the low heat value of setting auxiliary fuel; The evaporation capacity meter, the evaporation capacity that metering is taken place by above-mentioned steam raising plant; Pervaporation amount deviation calculating part is imported from the setting pervaporation amount of above-mentioned pervaporation amount configuration part and the metering pervaporation amount of measuring with the evaporation capacity meter, and is calculated their deviation; Combustion air amount calculating part is according to calculating fuel-air auxiliary quantity and output from the deviation of this pervaporation amount deviation calculating part; Waste supplying amount calculating part, the low heat value that the discarded object that input is set in above-mentioned evaporation capacity configuration part is set evaporation capacity and set in discarded object low heat value configuration part, the quantity delivered of calculating discarded object; Benchmark air capacity calculating portion, the waste supplying amount that input is tried to achieve in this waste supplying amount calculating part, discarded object are set evaporation capacity and discarded object low heat value, and burning benchmark air capacity is calculated; Combustion air amount calculating part adds the combustion air revisal amount of trying to achieve on the burning benchmark air capacity in above-mentioned combustion air amount calculating part, obtain the combustion air amount that offer incinerator; Fuel vaporization amount calculating part, input is set evaporation capacity from the setting pervaporation amount of pervaporation amount configuration part and from the discarded object of evaporation capacity configuration part, calculates their deviation, obtains the fuel vaporization amount that should produce by fuel; With fuel quantity calculating portion, lower calorific value of fuel and fuel vaporization amount that input is set in above-mentioned lower calorific value of fuel configuration part, the auxiliary fuel consumption that calculating should be burnt.

In addition, on control device, be provided with: mode switch, be used to switch the multifuel combustion pattern of frequent use assisted combustion device, the special burning pattern of the discarded object of use assisted combustion device is some temporarily, from the special burning pattern of discarded object during to the multifuel combustion mode shifts, when present metering pervaporation amount is set to the initial value of discarded object setting evaporation capacity, the value that order changes this discarded object setting evaporation capacity makes it move closer to the target evaporation capacity of new input, in the time of near this discarded object setting evaporation capacity has reached above-mentioned target evaporation capacity, after the value of this discarded object being set evaporation capacity is fixing, switch to the control of carrying out according to the deviation of this fixing discarded object setting evaporation capacity and setting pervaporation amount, carry out the multifuel combustion pattern, and then, from the multifuel combustion pattern during to the special burning mode shifts of discarded object, order changes the value that present discarded object is set evaporation capacity, make its discarded object that moves closer to new input set the target evaporation capacity of evaporation capacity, in the time of near this discarded object setting evaporation capacity has reached above-mentioned target evaporation capacity, the value of this discarded object being set evaporation capacity is fixed as setting pervaporation amount, carries out special burning pattern.

And then also can be, above-mentioned control device when the auxiliary fuel that detects the assisted combustion device generation in the multifuel combustion pattern catches fire, stops the supply of auxiliary fuel, when changing to special burning pattern immediately, the value of setting the pervaporation amount is set for identical with discarded object setting evaporation capacity.

If adopt above-mentioned first to constitute, because, because low heat value is stable for auxiliary fuel, thereby when handling as the situation that in its evaporation capacity, does not have big variation, the change of deviation of setting pervaporation amount and metering pervaporation amount is as being handled by the change of the unsettled generation of waste materials of low heat value, then deals with its variation with the revisal of the combustion air of discarded object, so, can provide combustion air at the discarded object revisal, thereby steam can stably take place.In addition, though the amount that also can burn aptly and in burning, need for discarded object, thereby, can prevent that the treating capacity of discarded object is not enough and the unburned part takes place in incineration residue.

In addition, if adopt above-mentioned second formation, then because, from the special burning pattern of discarded object to the multifuel combustion pattern, perhaps from the multifuel combustion pattern when the special burning mode shifts of discarded object, when making present metering pervaporation amount move closer to the target evaporation capacity, in the time of near reaching this target evaporation capacity, carry out switching fully to each pattern control, so, compare with situation about not shifting gradually, because can the producer internal pressure etc. state sharply change, so,, generally change pattern on one side can carry out stable burning.

And then, if adopt above-mentioned the 3rd formation, because, under the situation that assisted combustion device catches fire, automatically cancel the multifuel combustion pattern for the time being, so, though can not avoid the rapid variation of pressure in the stove, but can prevent fluctuation, its result can realize the stabilisation of pressing in the stove in early days.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the whole figure that constitutes of burning facility summary of the desirable discarded object of expression the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the block diagram that the summary of this burning facility of expression constitutes.

The curve map of evaporation capacity when Fig. 3 is the control of this burning facility of expression.

Fig. 4 is the curve map of the evaporation capacity when representing the control of burning facility in the past.

Fig. 5 is the curve map of the combustion air amount of the discarded object when being illustrated in the control of burning facility in the past.

Fig. 6 is that expression is produced the curve map that changes in a year of evaporation capacity by the low heat value of discarded object.

Fig. 7 is the curve map of 1 day evaporation capacity in the F part of presentation graphs 6.

The specific embodiment

Illustrate in greater detail the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Castoff burning equipment of the present invention, when the discarded object of the solid type of general household garbage etc. being burned with incinerator, be used in the used heat that takes place in this incinerator and produce steam, the steam of this generation imported in the steam turbine drive generator and generate electricity, further in this incinerator in order to ensure the quantity of steam of generating usefulness, make the fuel auxiliary combustion of regulation.

That is, in this castoff burning equipment, possess as shown in Figure 1: for example boiler formula incinerator 1 that the discarded object of the solid shape of general household garbage etc. is burned; The waste supplying device 2 of discarded object is provided to this incinerator 1; The combustion air feedway 3 of combustion air is provided in above-mentioned incinerator 1; Be arranged on above-mentioned incinerator 1 for example combustion chamber directly over the sidepiece etc. of flue on, thereby waste oil is provided and does not use the fuel of wet goods and improve the assisted combustion device (for example, using burner) 4 of temperature in the stove to carry out auxiliary combustion with the corresponding combustion air of its quantity combusted; Be arranged on the heat that the waste gas (used heat) that is recovered in the relevant incinerator 1 high temperature that takes place in the above-mentioned incinerator 1 has, produce the steam raising plant (so-called boiler) 6 of steam; Being provided at the steam that produces in this steam raising plant 6 via steam dispatch tube 7 makes it drive the steam turbine 8 of generator 9; At least control the control device 10 of above-mentioned discarded object generator 2, combustion air generator 3 and assisted combustion device 4.In addition, the formation of above-mentioned steam raising plant 6 comprises: be configured in the cooling water pipe portion (not shown) in the furnace wall portion of incinerator 1; Be incorporated into the high-temperature water that heats in this cooling water pipe portion and carry out the steam-water separator 6a that steam separates; In on the bottom of the flue 1a that is configured in incinerator 1, guiding further makes its overheated superheater 6b by the steam that obtains with above-mentioned steam-water separator 6a.

Formation as above-mentioned control device 10 comprises: the initialization system that steam generating amount (below, be called evaporation capacity), caloric value etc. are set as desired value in advance; The quantity of state of metering in this equipment, for example metering system of evaporation capacity etc.; Control so that become the control system of target value set in above-mentioned initialization system.

Be provided with as shown in Figure 2 as above-mentioned initialization system: the pervaporation amount configuration part 11 of all evaporation capacity of set device (be the steam amount of providing, below, be called the pervaporation amount) steam turbine; Setting is by the evaporation capacity configuration part 12 of the evaporation capacity (be the pyrogenetic evaporation capacity of using by the burning generation of discarded object, also be called the discarded object evaporation capacity) of generation of waste materials; Set the low-calorie discarded object low heat value configuration part 13 of discarded object; Set the low-calorie lower calorific value of fuel configuration part 14 of auxiliary fuel.In addition, for the low heat value of discarded object, calculate according to the hot revenue and expenditure around the aflame boiler of a few hours before this (balance of input heat and heat outputting).For example, find the solution with the rolling average of stipulated time.Show the value that this is tried to achieve, operating personnel can see that this value carries out manual input, also can automatically obtain with the cycle of online decision and set.

In addition, as above-mentioned metering system setting: to the steam from steam raising plant 6 being imported to steam turbine 8, the quantity of steam that in vapor transmission pipe (steam transfer path) 7, flows, the i.e. evaporation capacity meter (use traffic meter) 21 that measures of the pervaporation amount that takes place in this steam raising plant 6 is provided for detecting the flame detector (using the detector of infrared mode or ultraviolet mode) 22 of the fired state of the auxiliary fuel in assisted combustion device 4 in addition.Metering pervaporation amount and fired state input control device 10 that yes will obtain in these equipment 21,22.And, in the burning of auxiliary fuel, under the situation that has caused unusually catching fire because of some, stop at the supply of the auxiliary fuel in the assisted combustion device 4 by control device 10.

And then as the control system setting: input is calculated the pervaporation amount deviation calculating part 31 of its deviation from the setting pervaporation amount StSV of pervaporation amount configuration part 11 and with the metering pervaporation amount StPV that evaporation capacity meter 21 is metered into; According to the combustion air auxiliary quantity calculating part (specifically, PI control part) 32 that calculates combustion air auxiliary quantity (for example, implementing PI control) and output from the deviation of this pervaporation amount deviation calculating part 31; The low heat value (B) that discarded object that input is set in above-mentioned evaporation capacity configuration part 12 is set evaporation capacity (A) and set in discarded object low heat value configuration part 13 is used for calculating the waste supplying amount calculating part 33 of the quantity delivered (also being the burning amount) of (η 1 * A ÷ B) discarded object; Waste supplying amount that input is tried to achieve in this waste supplying amount calculating part 33 and discarded object are set evaporation capacity SrSV and discarded object low heat value LHVr, calculate the benchmark air capacity calculating portion 34 of burning benchmark air capacity; The combustion air revisal amount of trying to achieve in above-mentioned combustion air revisal amount calculating part 32 is added on the burning benchmark air capacity, ask the combustion air amount calculating part 35 of the combustion air amount that offer incinerator 1; Input is set evaporation capacity from the setting pervaporation amount of pervaporation amount configuration part 11 and from the discarded object of evaporation capacity configuration part 12, calculates the fuel vaporization amount calculating part 36 that its deviation is asked the thermogenetic heat of vaporization amount SfSV that take place by the burning of fuel; Fuel vaporization amount (C) that input is tried to achieve in this fuel vaporization amount calculating part 36 and the lower calorific value of fuel of in lower calorific value of fuel configuration part 14, setting (D), the fuel quantity calculating portion 37 of the auxiliary fuel consumption that calculating (η 2 * C ÷ D) should be burnt.

In addition, above-mentioned η 1 and η 2 are the service efficiencies (so-called boiler efficiency) in steam raising plant 6.

And then, in above-mentioned control device 10, except using the multifuel combustion pattern that above-mentioned auxiliary fuel burns all the time, also possess auxiliary fuel or the interim as in the past special burning pattern of using do not used, certainly, be provided with change-over switch (mode switch) 10a of these 2 patterns.Then, determining respectively from the transfer control action of multifuel combustion pattern to special burning pattern, and from special burning pattern to the transfer control action of multifuel combustion pattern the time, also determine its reply control action during fault that catching fire of assisted combustion device 4 promptly stopped to wait, relevant these control actions are illustrated in whole places of control actions.

In addition, for the control in above-mentioned assisted combustion device 4, be not to control from above-mentioned control device 10, when the multifuel combustion pattern, reception is from the igniting fire extinguishing instruction of control device 10 and the input of auxiliary fuel consumption, the auxiliary fuel consumption of automatically following the tracks of this input moves, promptly in the action of lighting a fire and put out a fire, according to supplying with the variable of the auxiliary fuel flow tester on the road and the auxiliary fuel consumption of having imported, automatically adjust the quantity delivered of auxiliary fuel by being arranged on auxiliary fuel.

Below, the whole control action in waste combustion equipment is described.

Control action when at first, the multifuel combustion pattern of having used assisted combustion device 4 being described.

According to generated energy, the discarded object that the setting pervaporation amount StSV that should offer steam turbine 8 and the discarded object that should burn are shared is set evaporation capacity SrSV, and the low heat value LHVf of the low heat value LHVr of discarded object and fuel sets in incinerator 1.Certainly, because be the multifuel combustion pattern,, discarded object is set at than setting the value that the pervaporation amount is also lacked so being set evaporation capacity.

Then, after the burning of discarded object is carried out in incinerator 1 running, in steam raising plant 6 steam taking place by the waste gas from incinerator 1 is carried out recuperation of heat, drives generator 9 via superheater 6b by steam turbine 8 and generate electricity.

Below, the control action when this generating is described.

With waste supplying device 2 and combustion air feedway 3 when incinerator 1 provides combustion air to make waste combustion, by temperature in the burning raising stove of this auxiliary fuel, the waste gas of high temperature is imported to the steam that ormal weights take place steam raising plant 6 with assisted combustion device 4.

, as shown in Figure 3, usually, in auxiliary fuel, the discarded object amount that is equivalent to discarded object setting evaporation capacity SrSV is offered incinerator 1, carry out the burning of discarded object with assisted combustion device 4 burning ormal weights.

But,, then produce and can not guarantee to set the situation of pervaporation amount StSV, but control so that can automatically guarantee with control device 10 if the quality of discarded object or its provide quantitative changeization.

Promptly, take place under the situation of deviation when setting among pervaporation amount StSV and the metering pervaporation amount StPV, when this deviation is obtained in pervaporation amount deviation calculating part 31, combustion air revisal amount from these combustion air revisal amount calculating part 32 outputs is added on the burning benchmark air capacity of trying to achieve with benchmark air capacity calculating portion 34, ask the combustion air amount that offers incinerator 1, then, this combustion air amount is offered in the incinerator 1 from combustion air feedway 3.

In addition, under the situation of the mass change of discarded object, promptly under the situation that its low heat value changes, waste supplying amount and burning benchmark air capacity are revised, the combustion air revisal amount that adds on this correction value is asked the combustion air amount.

On the other hand, following control is carried out in the burning of auxiliary fuel.

Promptly, in fuel vaporization amount calculating part 36, ask and set deviation that pervaporation amount StSV and discarded object set evaporation capacity SrSV (specifically, be equivalent to the slippage that the state by the quality of discarded object, quantity etc. causes), be this deviation that the fuel vaporization amount is input to fuel quantity calculating portion 37 meanwhile, ask the auxiliary fuel consumption of needs as mentioned above according to the lower calorific value of fuel of manual or automatic setting, then this auxiliary fuel consumption is offered assisted combustion device 4 and burn.

Then, in above-mentioned control device 10, as mentioned above, possess multifuel combustion pattern and special burning pattern, the control action when below explanation is shifted between them.

At first, illustrate from the change action (specifically, be the igniting action of assisted combustion device) of special burning pattern to the multifuel combustion pattern.

In the special burning pattern of discarded object, take temperature and make discarded object and set evaporation capacity setting pervaporation, from special burning pattern during to the multifuel combustion mode shifts, when current metering pervaporation amount StPV is set the initial value of evaporation capacity SrSV as discarded object, change gradually and set, make that the value of this discarded object setting evaporation capacity is approaching with the slope of regulation towards the target evaporation capacity (than current also little value) of new input, calculate the combustion air amount so that metering pervaporation amount StSV follows the tracks of it.When this shifts because from special burning pattern to the multifuel combustion mode shifts, so in order to supply the deficiency of steam, make assisted combustion device work, its fuel quantity also increases gradually.Like this after setting pervaporation amount StSV and discarded object setting evaporation capacity equate, making discarded object set evaporation capacity reduces gradually, the corresponding therewith auxiliary fuel consumption that increases, the evaporation capacity of discarded object setting then reaches above-mentioned target evaporation capacity, and in tracking according to control, when the deviation of setting pervaporation amount StSV and metering pervaporation amount StPV becomes smaller or equal to permissible value α, this value is set evaporation capacity as discarded object to fix, use the control of setting the evaporation capacity and the auxiliary fuel of the deviation of setting pervaporation amount StSV according to relevant discarded object by switching to, carried out the multifuel combustion pattern.On the contrary, from the multifuel combustion pattern during to the transfer of the special burning pattern of discarded object, change gradually and set, make value that current discarded object sets evaporation capacity SrSV with the slope of regulation near (increases) target evaporation capacity (also can be current setting pervaporation amount StSV) to the discarded object setting evaporation capacity of newly importing, correspondingly reduce auxiliary fuel consumption therewith.Then, set evaporation capacity at discarded object and reach desired value, and the deviation of setting pervaporation amount StSV and metering pervaporation amount StPV becomes the moment smaller or equal to the evaporation capacity β that is produced by minimum burning in assisted combustion device 4, set evaporation capacity by fixing discarded object assisted combustion device 4 is stopped, transferring to special burning pattern.And α, β are the values according to the fuel adjustment capability decision of assisted combustion device 4.

If the control action when adopting above-mentioned mode shifts, then from the special burning pattern of discarded object to the multifuel combustion mode shifts, perhaps from the multifuel combustion pattern when the special burning mode shifts of discarded object, when the target evaporation capacity of new input is followed the tracks of gradually, in the moment that has reached this target evaporation capacity, switch to control each pattern from the control of shifting, therefore be not that situation about shifting is gradually compared, change pattern while can carry out stable burning.For example, carry out sharp if shift, then producing owing to crossing provides fuel to make its burning cause the violent rising of furnace pressure suddenly, opposite owing to stop the rapid decline that fuel is supplied with the furnace pressure that causes too quickly, because to based on other control laws of pressing in the stove harmful effect etc. being arranged, thereby burning control becomes unstable.And so-called specially burning pattern and multifuel combustion pattern are carried out with special burning pattern under the big situation of low heat value for example as long as one man switch with the low-calorie seasonal variations of discarded object, get final product with the multifuel combustion pattern under the little situation of low heat value.

Below, the fault that assisted combustion device 4 is described is caught fire or the control when promptly stopping.

If assisted combustion device 4 catches fire sharp, then the rapid minimizing because of gas flow causes furnace pressure to become negative pressure, so direction that the pressure-controlled damper cuts out in the stove, the direction that perhaps guides passing on of pressure fan to reduce shifts control, on the other hand, because the deviation of metering pervaporation amount StPV and setting pervaporation amount StSV increases, thereby combustion air shifts to the direction that increases under automatic combustion control, become mutually opposite effect, the rapid increase of the combustion air amount that pressure-controlled one side sees in the stove becomes disturbance, so cause fluctuation under unsettled burning.

For fear of this state of affairs, during the catching fire of the auxiliary fuel in the assisted combustion device 4 that detects with flame detector 22 in the multifuel combustion pattern, when the providing of auxiliary fuel is provided, the value of setting pervaporation amount StSV is arranged to set evaporation capacity SrSV identical with discarded object, and carries out special burning pattern immediately.

Thus, furnace pressure sharply reduces, adopt the control of furnace pressure control channeling conduct pressure fan and damper, press in the stove and become unstable, but because discarded object set the deviation of evaporation capacity SrSV and setting pervaporation amount StSV compare with the situation of keeping the multifuel combustion pattern poor slightly, so the air that can sharply provide waste combustion to use in a large number not, thereby can not cause fluctuation, can not make in the stove cold excessively in addition.In addition, compare with the situation that causes fluctuation and can become stabilisation as early as possible.

And, in the formation of present embodiment, specially be set in same value setting pervaporation amount StSV and discarded object setting evaporation capacity SrSV in the burning pattern.But in assisted combustion device 4, specially burn the control of pattern independently.

If adopt above-mentioned formation, because, for auxiliary fuel because low heat value is stable, therefore as when in its evaporation capacity, not having the processing of big variation, set the variation of the deviation of pervaporation amount and metering pervaporation amount and handle, then as the variation that the variation by the unsettled discarded object of low heat value causes, this variation is tackled in the revisal of the combustion air by carrying out discarded object, so, to discarded object aptly revisal combustion air is provided, thereby steam can stably take place.In addition, the needed amount of burning is burnt aptly, thereby can prevent the treating capacity deficiency of discarded object and unburned part takes place in incineration residue for discarded object.

In addition, from the special burning pattern of discarded object to the multifuel combustion pattern, perhaps shift gradually from the special burning pattern of multifuel combustion pattern to discarded object, reach the moment of target evaporation capacity, because the control model during from transfer switches to the control under another pattern, so, compare with situation about not shifting gradually, can carry out stable burning on one side, on one side the change pattern.

And then, in the burning control of common incinerator, though adopt the various indexs beyond the evaporation capacity are carried out the control of stabilisation, if make furnace pressure stablize this index but observe, then compare with the temporary transient use of assisted combustion device such in special burning pattern, in the many multifuel combustion patterns of the present invention of the use amount of auxiliary fuel, because auxiliary fuel is provided all the time, so under the situation that relevant auxiliary fuel catches fire, the exhausted air quantity that is produced by this burning tails off, thereby furnace pressure sharply reduces, and it is unstable that control becomes.

In addition, owing to sharply stop the supply of auxiliary fuel, because the heat that enters in the stove reduces, evaporation capacity reduces, become big so set the deviation of pervaporation amount StSV and metering pervaporation amount StPV, on the direction that increases combustion air, move, cooled off in the stove thus, cause that temperature descends, and causes the state of the igniting that needs auxiliary fuel once more.

That is, catching fire of auxiliary fuel becomes the unstable key element of temperature reduction in the fluctuation, stove of control etc., and in the present embodiment, though produce instability accordingly with the auxiliary fuel use amount, but,, can realize faster stablizing so do not produce fluctuation etc. because switch to special burning pattern immediately.

And the fuel of assisted combustion device has waste oil and does not use under oily both sides' the situation at storage, for example uses waste oil earlier, if there is not waste oil, then can uses and not use oil.

In addition, also can use the such assisted combustion device of high heat fuel that drops into coal etc.

The burning facility of discarded object of the present invention is when importing to steam raising plant to the waste gas that produces in the incinerator in burning waste, in this equipment that generates electricity with the steam drive steam turbine of this generation, be particularly suitable in incinerator, being provided for making the equipment of the assisted combustion device that temperature raises in the stove.

Claims

1. the burning facility of a discarded object is characterized in that comprising:

Incinerator is used for burning waste;

The waste supplying device provides discarded object to this incinerator;

The combustion air feedway provides combustion air in above-mentioned incinerator;

Assisted combustion device makes the auxiliary fuel burning make temperature raising in the stove thereby be arranged in the above-mentioned incinerator;

Steam raising plant utilizes the heat that takes place in above-mentioned incinerator to produce steam; With

Control device is controlled above-mentioned waste supplying device, combustion air feedway and assisted combustion device at least,

Above-mentioned control device comprises:

Pervaporation amount configuration part, the steam generating amount of setting relevant devices integral body (below, be called the pervaporation amount);

The evaporation capacity configuration part is set by the steam generating amount of generation of waste materials (below, be called the discarded object evaporation capacity);

Discarded object low heat value configuration part, the low heat value of setting discarded object;

The lower calorific value of fuel configuration part, the low heat value of setting auxiliary fuel;

The evaporation capacity meter, the evaporation capacity that metering is taken place by above-mentioned steam raising plant;

Pervaporation amount deviation calculating part is imported from the setting pervaporation amount of above-mentioned pervaporation amount configuration part and the metering pervaporation amount of measuring with the evaporation capacity meter, and is calculated their deviation;

Combustion air amount calculating part is according to calculating fuel-air auxiliary quantity and output from the deviation of this pervaporation amount deviation calculating part;

Waste supplying amount calculating part, the low heat value that the discarded object that input is set in above-mentioned evaporation capacity configuration part is set evaporation capacity and set in discarded object low heat value configuration part, the quantity delivered of calculating discarded object;

Benchmark air capacity calculating portion, the waste supplying amount that input is tried to achieve in this waste supplying amount calculating part, discarded object are set evaporation capacity and discarded object low heat value, and burning benchmark air capacity is calculated;

Combustion air amount calculating part adds the combustion air revisal amount of trying to achieve on the burning benchmark air capacity in above-mentioned combustion air amount calculating part, obtain the combustion air amount that offer incinerator;

Fuel vaporization amount calculating part, input is set evaporation capacity from the setting pervaporation amount of pervaporation amount configuration part and from the discarded object of evaporation capacity configuration part, calculates their deviation, obtains the fuel vaporization amount that should produce by fuel; With

Fuel quantity calculating portion, lower calorific value of fuel and fuel vaporization amount that input is set in above-mentioned lower calorific value of fuel configuration part, the auxiliary fuel consumption that calculating should be burnt.

2. the burning facility of discarded object as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:

On control device, be provided with:

Mode switch is used to switch the multifuel combustion pattern of frequent use assisted combustion device, uses special burning pattern some of the discarded object of assisted combustion device temporarily,

When the special burning pattern from discarded object shifts to the multifuel combustion pattern; When present metering pervaporation amount is set to the initial value of discarded object setting evaporation capacity; The value that order changes this discarded object setting evaporation capacity makes it move closer to the target evaporation capacity of new input; In the time of near this discarded object setting evaporation capacity has reached above-mentioned target evaporation capacity; After the value of this discarded object being set evaporation capacity is fixing; Switch to the control of carrying out according to the deviation of this fixing discarded object setting evaporation capacity and setting pervaporation amount; Carry out the multifuel combustion pattern

And then, from the multifuel combustion pattern during to the special burning mode shifts of discarded object, order changes the value that present discarded object is set evaporation capacity, make its discarded object that moves closer to new input set the target evaporation capacity of evaporation capacity, in the time of near this discarded object setting evaporation capacity has reached above-mentioned target evaporation capacity, the value of this discarded object being set evaporation capacity is fixed as setting pervaporation amount, carries out special burning pattern.

3. the burning facility of discarded object as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that:

Above-mentioned control device, when the auxiliary fuel that detects the assisted combustion device generation in the multifuel combustion pattern catches fire, stop the supply of auxiliary fuel, when changing to special burning pattern immediately, the value of setting the pervaporation amount is set for identical with discarded object setting evaporation capacity.