JP2008101474A - Woody biomass-fired micro-gas turbine generating device and method of controlling its operation - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To simplify the structure, reduce the size, and reduce the manufacturing cost of a small capacity woody biomass-fired micro-gas generating device and also remarkably enhance the power generating efficiency and the energy use efficiency thereof. <P>SOLUTION: In this woody biomass-fired micro-gas turbine generating device, a woody biomass combustion device A formed by arranging a woody biomass fuel combustor, a hot heat exchanger, and the heat exchange tubes of an exhaust heat recovery boiler device in a cylindrical device body in this order from the lower side and a micro-gas turbine generating device B formed by connecting a micro-gas turbine device, a compressor, and a generator to each other through a drive connection shaft. The compressed air flow from the compressor flows into the hot heat exchanger, and is heated by the combustion gas produced by the combustion of the woody biomass fuel. The hot compressed air flow from the hot heat exchanger is supplied as a working fluid to the micro-gas turbine device. The exhaust air flow from the micro-gas turbine device is supplied as a combustion air to the combustor for the biomass fuel into the device body. Also, the steam from a waste heat recovery boiler device is supplied into the compressed air flow from the compressor. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention uses not only the power generation efficiency but also the overall energy utilization efficiency by heating the working fluid of the gas turbine using so-called woody biomass combustion heat such as wood chips, thinned wood, construction waste wood, etc. The present invention relates to a heat / electricity supply type wood biomass-fired micro gas turbine apparatus and an operation control method thereof capable of improving and making more effective use of wood biomass resources.

In recent years, biomass resources have been actively used from the viewpoint of reducing so-called fossil fuel consumption. However, since biomass resources generally exist in a dispersed manner, it is difficult to intensively use a large amount of biomass resources in terms of collection and transportation.
Therefore, in order to make effective use of biomass resources, there is an urgent need to develop a small, small-capacity and highly efficient utilization system.

Thus, in a conventional power generator using so-called woody biomass as fuel, steam is generated by a wood-fired boiler, and after the turbine generator is driven by the steam, the discharged steam is cooled and recovered as condensate. A steam cycle (Rankine cycle) in which water is supplied to the boiler again has been used.
However, in biomass power generation with an output of 10 to 20 MW, there is a limit to increasing the temperature and pressure of steam, and since there is a large heat loss due to cooling water, there is a limit to increasing the energy utilization efficiency. Has accumulated between 10-15%. In addition, the annual processing scale of biomass is limited to about 30,000 to 60,000 tons, and concentration of biomass resources is actually difficult, so it is impossible to increase the annual processing scale to about 60,000 tons or more. It is in.

  On the other hand, a gasification power generation system has been proposed to overcome the drawbacks of the steam turbine power generation cycle as described above and achieve high efficiency of biomass power generation. In addition, many efforts have been made such as the development of a gasification furnace for use in this gasification power generation system, improvement of gasification efficiency, development of an efficient tar removal and gas cleanup process, and development of a liquefaction catalyst by methanol synthesis. Has been paid so far. However, since the gasification process is complicated and an effective means for tar removal that can stably operate the gas engine generator cannot be obtained, practical results have not been achieved.

  Further, as a simple engine power generation system that overcomes the disadvantages of the gasification engine power generation system using such an internal combustion engine, a biomass direct-fired power generation system using a Stirling engine that is an external combustion engine has been proposed. This is because the Stirling engine is an external combustion engine and is excellent in compatibility with various fuels. However, since the working gas temperature is as high as 650 ° C. and the exhaust gas loss is large, the power generation efficiency is only 5 to 10%. In addition, the capacity of the working gas is limited by itself due to the bore diameter and stroke of the engine, and it is difficult to form a heating section heat exchanger having a shape suitable for wood biomass fuel with a large amount of ash. As a result, a sufficient output heat amount cannot be ensured and a required output performance cannot be obtained, or a decrease in power generation efficiency cannot be avoided.

  By the way, in the field of thermoelectric supply devices that use biomass resources in Japan, the target of the biomass utilization system is as follows: “Equipment generation efficiency is 20% or more with equipment with a biomass throughput of 20 tons / day, 100 tons / day. As a specific target numerical value, it has been mentioned that “to be 30% or more (Japan Biomass Strategy)” with the equipment of this type. In order to achieve these targets, for example, gas generating means 20 from biomass as shown in FIG. A thermoelectric supply device using biomass, which includes a gas distributor 21, a gas turbine power generator 22, a heat generating means 23, and the like, has been developed.

That is, in the thermoelectric supply device of FIG. 2, first, biomass resources 24 such as the remaining lumber are supplied to the gas generating means 20 to generate the combustible gas 24. Next, the generated combustible gas 24 is divided in the gas distributor 21, and one of the divided combustible gases 24 a is supplied to the combustor 26 through the high-temperature bag filter 25, and in the presence of the air flow a _2. And the gas turbine 22a is rotationally driven by the combustion gas K. In addition, the other combustible gas 24b that has been separated is supplied into the heat generating means 23 through the supply nozzle 27 and burned in the presence of the air flow a ₃ , and the combustion heat causes water to flow through the heating pipe 23a. W is heated and steam S is generated. Furthermore, the compressor 22b and the generator 22c are rotationally driven by using the driving force of the gas turbine 22a, whereby the air flow a is compressed and generated.
In FIG. 2, 28 is an air preheater, 23b is an air injection nozzle, and C is a biomass resource.
JP-A-2005-213631 JP 2006-000808 JP 2005-155559 A

  However, in the heat / power supply device of FIG. 2, since the gas generating means 20, the gas distributor 21, the heat generating means 23, etc. are individually provided, the apparatus inevitably becomes large and it is difficult to reduce the equipment cost. There is a difficult point.

  Further, since the gas generation efficiency of the gas generation means 20 is generally low, the required volume of the gas generation means 20 becomes larger than the capacity of the gas turbine power generation device 22, the equipment cost increases, and the use efficiency of biomass energy There is a problem that is extremely low.

  Furthermore, in order to enable smooth continuous operation of the gas generating means 20 and the gas turbine power generator 22, in addition to the high-temperature bag filter 25, a gas purifier for removing tar content in the combustible gas 24a and its There is a problem that wastewater treatment facilities and the like are required, and it is impossible to reduce the facility costs and the operation costs.

  In addition, it is difficult to adopt the thermoelectric supply device having the configuration as shown in FIG. 2 unless the equipment has a considerably large capacity in terms of power generation efficiency and overall energy use efficiency, and the biomass processing amount is about 1 to 10 tons / day. There is a problem that it is practically not applicable to small-scale facilities.

  The present invention has an object to solve the above-described problems in a conventional thermoelectric supply device using biomass resources, does not require a complicated and troublesome pretreatment device, has a simple structure, and has many operational results. Power generation efficiency of 20% or more and total energy utilization efficiency of 75%, even with a small-scale facility with a biomass throughput of about 1 to 10 tons / day, using a conventional biomass burning combustion device with high reliability based on A thermoelectric supply device capable of achieving the above is provided.

  More specifically, the present invention uses woody biomass as a fuel, and in a thermoelectric supply device having a daily processing amount of 1 to 10 tons or an annual processing amount of 300 to 3000 tons and a power generation output of 30 kW to 300 kW, a power generation efficiency of 20% or more and It provides a woody biomass-fired micro gas turbine power generator and its operation control method that enables highly efficient thermoelectric supply with an overall energy utilization efficiency of 70% or more. It is generated as a working fluid in a biomass-fired steam boiler. A hybrid cycle micro-turbine apparatus using a fluid in which the steam mixed with compressed air from the micro-turbine is used as a prime mover, and a generator is directly connected thereto.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in the invention of claim 1, heat exchange of an intrinsic biomass fuel combustion device, a high-temperature heat exchanger, and an exhaust heat recovery boiler device in order from the bottom inside a cylindrical device body. Formed from a wood biomass combustion apparatus A comprising a pipe, a micro gas turbine apparatus, a compressor, and a micro gas turbine power generation apparatus B connected via a drive connecting shaft. The compressed air flow is supplied to the high temperature heat exchanger and heated by the combustion gas generated by the combustion of the woody biomass fuel, and the high temperature compressed air flow from the high temperature heat exchanger is supplied to the micro gas turbine device as the working fluid. Further, the exhaust air flow from the micro gas turbine device is supplied as combustion air to the biomass fuel combustion device in the device main body, and the exhaust heat recovery boiler is further provided. It is an basic configuration of the invention that the vapor generated by the location and the configuration supplied to the compressed air stream from the compressor.

  The invention of claim 2 is the invention of claim 1, wherein the high temperature heat exchanger has a configuration in which a low temperature side heat exchanger located above and a high temperature side heat exchanger located below are connected in series, The steam generated in the exhaust heat recovery boiler apparatus is supplied into the compressed air flow from one or both of the inlet side of the low temperature side heat exchanger and the inlet side of the high temperature side heat exchanger.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, an auxiliary combustion burner device is provided between the outlet side of the compressed air flow of the high-temperature heat exchanger and the operating fluid supply port of the micro gas turbine device, and the auxiliary combustion burner device The high-temperature compressed air flow from the high-temperature heat exchanger is heated.

  The invention of claim 4 is the invention of claim 1, wherein the wood biomass fuel is made into wood pellets, the wood biomass fuel combustion device is a fluidized bed combustion device, and the solid content in the combustion exhaust gas is separated by a cyclone device. The fluidized bed combustion apparatus is configured to return to the fluidized bed combustion apparatus.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, a part of the steam generated in the exhaust heat recovery boiler apparatus is supplied to an external steam load.

  The invention of claim 6 is the structure of the invention of claim 1, wherein the apparatus main body has a water pipe wall structure, and a part of the water pipe wall is a forming member of a high temperature heat exchanger and / or an exhaust heat recovery boiler apparatus. It is what.

  According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the woody biomass-fired micro gas turbine power generation device according to the first aspect, the output of the micro gas turbine device is controlled by adjusting the supply amount of the woody biomass fuel, and from the generator to the outside. The basic configuration of the invention is to control the rotational speed of the micro gas turbine device to a predetermined value by adjusting the electric output to be supplied.

  The invention according to claim 8 is the woody biomass fired micro gas turbine power generator according to claim 1, wherein the output of the micro gas turbine device is controlled by adjusting the amount of wood biomass fuel supplied, and the exhaust heat recovery boiler device The basic structure of the invention is to maintain the temperature of the high-temperature compressed air flow supplied to the micro gas turbine device at a constant value by supplying steam from the outside or water from the outside into the heating pipe of the high-temperature heat exchanger It is.

  According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in the woody biomass-fired micro gas turbine power generator according to the first aspect, the output of the micro gas turbine device is controlled by adjusting the supply amount of the woody biomass fuel. The basis of the invention is to maintain the temperature of the hot compressed air flow supplied to the micro gas turbine device at a constant value by heating the hot compressed air flow (working fluid) supplied to the gas turbine device with an auxiliary burner device. It is to be configured.

  In the invention of claim 1 of the present application, the woody biomass combustion apparatus and the micro gas turbine power generation apparatus are organically connected, and the high temperature heat exchanger in the apparatus main body is used as a regeneration heat exchanger, and the fluid for operating the micro gas turbine apparatus And the steam generated in the exhaust heat recovery boiler device is supplied into the working fluid so that the steam is effectively utilized as the driving force of the micro gas turbine device. As a result, the wood biomass-fired micro gas turbine power generator can be significantly reduced in size and cost compared to the conventional heat / electricity supply equipment that uses wood biomass resources equipped with a gasifier, and has a small capacity. Alternatively, even a small-scale device can achieve a power generation efficiency of about 20% or more and an effective utilization efficiency of high resource energy of about 75% or more, and an excellent practical utility is achieved.

  In the inventions of claims 2 to 6, the supply temperature of the working fluid can be easily maintained constant, the separated solid can be reburned, the steam can be supplied to an external steam load, or It is possible to greatly reduce the size of the apparatus.

  Furthermore, in the inventions of claims 7 to 9 of the present application, the output of the micro gas turbine device can be set to a constant value relatively easily despite the use of fuel having special combustion characteristics such as woody biomass fuel. Therefore, it is possible to stably control the operation of the woody biomass-fired micro gas turbine power generator.

  As described above, the present invention can reduce the size of equipment, reduce the construction cost, obtain high power generation efficiency and energy utilization efficiency despite a small capacity, and perform stable operation. It has excellent practical utility.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a wood biomass-fired micro gas turbine power generator according to the present invention. In FIG. 1, A is a wood biomass combustion device, B is a micro gas turbine power generator, C is a wood biomass fuel, F is fossil fuel, E is air flow, E ₁ is compressed air flow, E ₂ is hot compressed air flow (working fluid mixture), E ₃ is exhaust air flow, G is combustion gas, G ₀ is combustion exhaust gas, W Is water supply, S is steam, 1 is a combustion apparatus body, 2 is a combustion apparatus, 3 is a high-temperature heat exchanger, 4 is an exhaust heat recovery boiler apparatus, 5 is a fuel storage tank, 6 is a cyclone apparatus, 7 is a filter apparatus, 8 Is an auxiliary burner device, 9 is a compressor, 10 is a gas turbine device, 11 is a generator, 12 is an air introduction pipe, 13 is a drive connecting shaft, 14 is a start burner device, and 15 is a combustion air supply pipe.

  The wood biomass fired micro gas turbine power generator according to the present invention is formed of a wood biomass combustion device A and a micro gas turbine power generator B, and the wood biomass combustion device A is a solid cylinder combustion device body. 1. Combustion device 2 provided below the main body 1, a high-temperature heat exchanger 3 provided above the combustion device 2, an exhaust heat recovery boiler device 4 provided above the high-temperature combustion exchanger 3, a wood biomass fuel storage tank 5, the cyclone device 6 and the starting burner device 14 and the like.

  Further, the micro gas turbine power generator B is composed of a compressor 9, a gas turbine device 10, a generator 11, a filter device 7, an auxiliary combustion burner device 8, a drive connecting shaft 13, and the like, and the woody biomass combustion device. The high temperature heat exchanger 3 forming A performs the function of a regenerator in a so-called conventional micro gas turbine apparatus.

  The combustion apparatus body 1 is formed in a rigid cylindrical body from a steel plate and a refractory material or from a steel plate, a refractory material and a water pipe wall, and the water pipe wall itself is a normal tube body. One of the constituent members of the exhaust heat recovery boiler device 4 is formed in the same manner as the boiler and the like.

The combustion device 2 includes a perforated plate 2a, a starter burner device 14 disposed above the perforated plate 2a, a fluid medium (not shown) disposed on the perforated plate 2a as necessary, and a fuel supply. The pelletized woody biomass fuel C and the like supplied from the port 5b constitute a so-called fluidized bed type combustion device, and the working fluid (exhaust air flow E ₃ ) discharged from the gas turbine device 10 is the combustion air. By being supplied into the apparatus main body 1 from the air supply port 2b through the supply pipe 15, the pellet-like woody biomass fuel C charged on the perforated plate 2a performs so-called fluidized bed combustion, and high-temperature combustion gas G is generated. .

Furthermore, the high temperature heat exchanger 3 forming the regenerator is configured by connecting a high temperature side heat exchanger 3b positioned below and a low temperature side heat exchanger 3a positioned above in series, An appropriate amount of steam S is supplied from the steam drum 4a to the heat exchangers 3a and 3b on the low temperature side and / or the high temperature side through the control valves V ₁ and V ₂ , so that the high temperature compressed air flow E supplied to the gas turbine device 10 is obtained. _2. Temperature adjustment and power enhancement as working fluid are performed.
Furthermore, burner air burner unit 8 provided in the air line on the outlet side of the hot-side heat exchanger 3b is similarly utilized for temperature control of the gas turbine apparatus hot compressed air flow supplied to the 10 (working fluid) E ₂ And is mainly used for raising the temperature of the working fluid E ₂ .

The fluid heat exchange type exhaust heat boiler device 4 is formed of a heat exchange pipe 4c, a steam drum 4a, a feed water tank 4b, and the like, and the feed water W is heated by the heat of the combustion gas Go, whereby steam is generated in the steam drum 4a. As S is generated, the generated steam S improves the power as a fluid for adjusting the temperature of the compressed air flow E ₂ and working fluid to the inlet side of the low temperature side heat exchanger 3a and / or the high temperature side heat exchanger 3b as described above. Supplied for.

Of course, when the generated steam S is excessive, the steam S is supplied to the necessary steam load (not shown) through the control valve V ₃ .

  The cyclone device 6 mainly separates and sorts solid matter in the combustion exhaust gas Go, and the solid matter such as the separated combustion residue is burned in the device main body 1 through the solid matter return pipe 6c and the solid matter return port 6d. Supplied on the device 2.

  As the woody biomass fuel C, so-called wood pellets are used. Of course, not only pellets but also chip materials made of thinned wood or waste wood may be used. In this embodiment, the specific weight is 0.5 kg / l, the higher heating value is 17.0 to 17.5 MJ / kg, the lower heating value is 15.9 to 16.0 MJ / kg, the moisture is 12 to 15 wt%, and the fixed carbon is 16 to 16. 2 wt%, volatile content 83 to 83.4 wt%, elemental components are carbon 43.2 wt%, hydrogen 5.5 wt%, oxygen 38 wt%, balance N, Cl and S and other wood pellets are wood biomass fuel C It is used as.

Next, the operation of the present invention will be described. Referring to FIG. 1, the compressor 9 of the micro gas turbine power generator B sucks an air flow E (about 15 ° C.) through the filter device 7 and generates a compressed air flow E ₁ (about 202 ° C., 0.42 MPa). Supply to high temperature heat exchanger 3.
On the other hand, in the combustion apparatus 2 of the woody biomass combustion apparatus A, the exhaust air flow (turbine exhaust gas) (about 582 ° C.) E ₃ from the gas turbine apparatus 10 is supplied into the apparatus main body 1 from the air supply port 2b. The wood biomass fuel (wood pellets) C supplied into the main body 1 through the fuel storage tank 5, the fuel introduction pipe 5a, and the fuel supply port 5b is fluidized and burned, whereby combustion gas (about 900 ° C.) G is generated. .

The compressed air stream E ₁ in the high-temperature heat exchanger 3 is heated by the combustion gas G to become a high-temperature and high-pressure compressed air stream (operating air stream) (about 800 ° C., 0.41 MPa) E ₂ , and an auxiliary combustion burner The gas is supplied to the micro gas turbine device 10 via the device 8, and is rotated.

  The power generated by the micro gas turbine device 10 is transmitted to the compressor 9 and the generator 11 via the drive connecting shaft 13, thereby generating and supplying power (about 45 kW).

The combustion gas (about 294 ° C.) G deprived of heat by heating the compressed air stream E ₁ in the high temperature heat exchanger 3 (about 202 ° C., 0.42 MPa to about 800 ° C., 0.41 MPa) continues to be discharged. After heating the feed water W through the heat exchange pipe 4c of the heat recovery boiler apparatus 4, it is led into the cyclone apparatus 6 through the combustion exhaust gas outlet 6e and the combustion exhaust gas outlet pipe 6a as combustion exhaust gas (about 125 ° C.) Go, Separation takes place.
The combustion exhaust gas (about 125 ° C.) Go after separating the solid matter is diffused into the atmosphere, and the separated solid matter passes through the solid matter return pipe 6c and the solid matter return port 6d, and the fluidized bed combustion apparatus 2 Returned in.

All or a part of the steam S generated in the exhaust heat recovery boiler unit 4 is injected into the compressed air flow E ₁ to adjust the temperature of the operating gas of the micro gas turbine device 10 and the operating gas. Acts as part and is recovered as power. As a result, the power generation efficiency of the micro gas turbine power generator B increases to about 21% (generator end). Further, surplus steam S is supplied to the process side and used as hot water or steam. As a result, the total energy use efficiency is 70 to 75%.

  In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the flow rate of the supply air flow E to the compressor 9 is 0.48 to 0.50 kg / s, 15 ° C., compression ratio 4, total heat input 225 kw, boiler feed water temperature 60 ° C. Each value on the heat balance is calculated based on the generated power of 45 kW.

Moreover, although the embodiment of the said FIG. 1 shows the case where the woody biomass fuel C is combusted, the woody biomass-fired micro gas turbine power generator according to the present invention is the same as the conventional micro gas turbine power generator. Of course, it is possible to operate under conditions, that is, without operating the woody biomass combustion apparatus A.
In this case, the compressed air flow (about 202 ° C., 0.42 MPa) E ₁ from the compressor 9 is supplied to the high temperature heat exchanger 3 and the exhaust air flow (about 582 ° C.) E from the micro gas turbine device 10. Heating by ₃ results in a hot compressed air stream (about 515 ° C.) E ₂ . This high-temperature compressed air stream E ₂ is subsequently heated by the auxiliary burner device 8 to generate a high-temperature and high-pressure working gas (approximately 800 ° C., 0.41 MPa) E ₂ , thereby rotating the micro gas turbine power generator B. Will be driven.

Further, the exhaust air flow (about 563 ° C.) E ₃ from the micro gas turbine device 10 is recovered by the high-temperature heat exchanger 3 and then discharged into the exhaust heat recovery boiler device 4 as exhaust gas (294 ° C.) Go. Inflow. As a result, the power generation efficiency of the micro gas turbine power generator B is about 21% (generator end). Further, the exhaust gas Go having a high temperature of about 294 ° C. is recovered by the exhaust heat recovery boiler unit 4 and used as hot water or steam. As a result, the total energy utilization efficiency is about 70 to 75%.

  Next, the operation control method of the woody biomass fired micro gas turbine power generator according to the present invention will be described. Referring to FIG. 1, the output control of the micro gas turbine device 10 is performed by increasing or decreasing the fuel input amount in a conventional basic control system. However, the input amount of biomass fuel C, such as wood pellets, the calorific value, and the combustion rate always fluctuate greatly and are hardly constant. Therefore, unlike the case of the gas turbine fuel such as city gas or oil, the heat generation rate is not constant in the case of the woody biomass fuel C. That is, the heat input and the inlet temperature of the high-temperature and high-pressure air flow E2 to the micro gas turbine apparatus 10 change every moment, and naturally the output of the micro gas turbine apparatus 10 also becomes unstable.

For this reason, it is extremely difficult to control the output and the rotational speed to be constant only by the control on the heat input side as in the conventional micro gas turbine power generator, and it is almost impossible in practice.
Therefore, in the present invention, although the output adjustment of the micro gas turbine apparatus 10 is performed by adjusting the fuel input amount, the rotational speed of the gas turbine apparatus 10 is assumed to be within a range that does not reach the output adjustment. Then, the generator 11 is a super high speed generator, and a commercial power supply output is obtained via an inverter, and the output voltage and current of the ultra high speed generator 11, that is, the output power is adjusted, thereby providing a micro gas turbine device. The number of rotations of 10 is kept constant.

Further, since the gas amount and the gas temperature at the inlet of the micro turbine device 10 change every moment as described above, the operating air flow E ₂ is heated by the operation of the auxiliary burner device 8, and the high temperature / high pressure air flow E _2. The turbine inlet temperature is adjusted to be constant.

Further, in order to keep the turbine inlet temperature of the high temperature / high pressure air flow E ₂ constant, the high temperature heat exchanger 3 is formed of the low temperature side heat exchanger 3a and the high temperature side heat exchanger 3b, By supplying steam or water to both, the turbine inlet temperature of the high-temperature high-pressure air stream E2 is adjusted to be constant.

  In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, wood pellet fuel is used as the wood biomass fuel C. However, the wood biomass fuel C is not limited to wood pellet fuel alone, but wood scrap, bark, bagasse. Including biomass fuel such as rice husk. In addition, non-wood waste oil, waste plastic, RDF, sludge, municipal waste and other waste fuel, biogas, methane gas, flare gas, dry distillation gas and other combustible low calorie gas fuel, oil, coal, LPG, city gas, etc. Of course, even fossil fuels can be used as fuel.

  Further, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the woody biomass combustion apparatus A is provided with the fluidized bed combustion apparatus 2, but the combustion apparatus 2 is optimal for the various fuels. Of course, a simple combustion apparatus is used. For example, for biomass fuel such as wood pellets, a combustion device such as a grate, fluidized bed, circulating fluidized bed, or air flow is used depending on the shape of the supplied fuel. For waste fuel, a burner is used depending on the shape of the supplied fuel. Combustion devices such as spray, grate, fluidized bed and gasification combustion, low calorie gas, high flame holding low calorie combustion device, fossil fuel suitable combustion device suitable for each fossil fuel Will be selected.

  Further, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the high-temperature air heater 3 is configured to have a so-called one-pass flow of the combustion gas G. Depending on the structure of the apparatus 2, the flow of the combustion gas G may be two passes or three passes.

  Similarly, the high-temperature heat exchanger 3 can be constituted by a water pipe wall, and the entire equipment constituting the high-temperature heat exchanger 3 can be configured as a high-temperature heat exchanger 3 built in a water pipe boiler.

  In addition, in the embodiment of FIG. 1, the exhaust heat recovery boiler device 4 is a fluid heat exchange type exhaust heat recovery boiler, but the exhaust heat recovery boiler device may be of any type.

  The woody biomass-fired micro gas turbine power generator according to the present invention can be used not only as a general thermoelectric supply device but also for waste treatment.

1 is an overall configuration diagram of a woody biomass-fired micro gas turbine power generator according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a whole lineblock diagram of a heat and electricity supply device using a conventional gas generator.

Explanation of symbols

A is a wood biomass combustion device B is a micro gas turbine power generation device C is wood biomass fuel 1 is a combustion device body 2 is a combustion device 2a is a perforated plate 2b is an air supply port 3 is a high temperature heat exchanger 3a is a low temperature side heat exchanger 3b The high temperature side heat exchanger 4 is a fluid heat exchange type exhaust heat recovery boiler unit 4a, a steam drum 4b, a water supply tank 4c, a heat exchange pipe 5, a fuel storage tank 5a, a fuel introduction pipe 5b, a fuel supply port 6 and a cyclone apparatus 6a. The flue gas exhaust pipe 6b is the flue gas exhaust pipe 6c is the solid matter return pipe 6d is the solid matter return port 6e is the flue gas exhaust port 7, the filter device 8 is the auxiliary burner device 9, the compressor 10 is the micro gas turbine device 11 The generator 12 includes an air introduction pipe 13, a drive connecting shaft 14, a starting burner device 15, and a combustion air supply pipe.

Claims (9)

  A woody biomass combustion apparatus A in which an essential biomass fuel combustion apparatus, a high-temperature heat exchanger, and a heat exchange pipe of an exhaust heat recovery boiler apparatus are arranged in this order from the bottom inside a cylindrical apparatus body, and a micro gas turbine apparatus And a micro gas turbine power generation device B in which a compressor and a generator are connected via a drive connecting shaft, and a compressed air flow from the compressor is circulated to a high-temperature heat exchanger to burn wood biomass fuel. While being heated by the generated combustion gas, the high-temperature compressed air flow from the high-temperature heat exchanger is supplied to the micro gas turbine device as the working fluid, and the exhaust air flow from the micro gas turbine device is supplied to the inside of the device main body. Supply to the biomass fuel combustion device as combustion air, and further supply the steam generated in the exhaust heat recovery boiler device into the compressed air flow from the compressor A and woody biomass-fired micro gas turbine power generation apparatus characterized by a.   The high temperature heat exchanger has a configuration in which a low temperature side heat exchanger located above and a high temperature side heat exchanger located below are connected in series, and the steam generated in the exhaust heat recovery boiler apparatus is The woody biomass-fired micro gas turbine power generator according to claim 1, wherein the compressed air flow is supplied from one or both of the inlet side of the heat exchanger and the inlet side of the high temperature side heat exchanger.   An auxiliary burner device is provided between the outlet side of the compressed air flow of the high temperature heat exchanger and the working fluid supply port of the micro gas turbine device, and the hot compressed air flow from the high temperature heat exchanger is heated by the auxiliary burner device. The woody biomass-fired micro gas turbine power generator according to claim 1, which is configured.   The wood biomass fuel is made into wood pellets, the wood biomass fuel combustion device is a fluidized bed combustion device, and the solid content in the combustion exhaust gas is separated by a cyclone device and returned to the fluidized bed combustion device. The woody biomass-fired micro gas turbine power generator according to claim 1.   The woody biomass fired micro gas turbine power generator according to claim 1, wherein a part of the steam generated in the exhaust heat recovery boiler apparatus is supplied to an external steam load.   The woody biomass fired micro gas turbine according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus main body has a water pipe wall structure, and a part of the water pipe wall is used as a forming member of a high temperature heat exchanger and / or an exhaust heat recovery boiler apparatus. Power generation device.   The wood biomass-fired micro gas turbine power generator according to claim 1, wherein the output of the micro gas turbine device is controlled by adjusting the amount of wood biomass fuel supplied, and the electrical output supplied from the generator to the outside is adjusted. Thus, the operation control method of the woody biomass fired micro gas turbine power generator is configured to control the rotational speed of the micro gas turbine apparatus to a predetermined value.   The wood biomass-fired micro gas turbine power generator according to claim 1, wherein the output of the micro gas turbine device is controlled by adjusting the supply amount of the wood biomass fuel, and the steam generated in the exhaust heat recovery boiler device or from the outside Wood biomass-fired micro gas turbine power generation characterized in that the temperature of the high-temperature compressed air flow supplied to the micro gas turbine device is maintained at a constant value by supplying the water in the heating pipe of the high temperature heat exchanger Device operation control method.   2. The wood biomass fired micro gas turbine power generator according to claim 1, wherein the output of the micro gas turbine device is controlled by adjusting the amount of wood biomass fuel supplied, and the high temperature supplied from the high temperature heat exchanger to the micro gas turbine device. A wood biomass-fired micro, characterized in that the compressed air flow (working fluid) is heated by an auxiliary combustion burner device so that the temperature of the high-temperature compressed air flow supplied to the micro gas turbine device is maintained at a constant value. Operation control method of gas turbine power generator.

Images