CN102345875A

CN102345875A - High-moisture-content biomass fuel boiler

Info

Publication number: CN102345875A
Application number: CN2010102426477A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 仇刚; 王兆勇
Original assignee: SHANGHAI PUHAO PULP MAKING PAPER-MAKING ENGINEERING CO LTD
Current assignee: SHANGHAI PUHAO PULP MAKING PAPER-MAKING ENGINEERING CO LTD
Priority date: 2010-08-02
Filing date: 2010-08-02
Publication date: 2012-02-08

Abstract

The invention relates to a boiler, which is characterized in that high-moisture-content biomass fuels such as palm fruit shells, fibers, bran coats, bagasse and the like generate steam through a specific combustion method for electricity generation and steam supply. The boiler adopts a wind dispersal mode, and a layer combustion mode by using the suspension combustion in a furnace as a main means and using a rotating fire grate or a water cooling fixing fire grate as an auxiliary means is adopted. The boiler comprises main components such as a feeding machine, a spraying device, the fire grate, a multi-stage wind supply device, a diaphragm type water cooling wall hearth, a water cooling screen, an overheater, a water spraying temperature reducer, a coal economizer with fins and the like and is shown as Figure 1. In the boiler, the high-moisture-content biomass is pretreated and processed and is then directly dispersed by wind to the hearth by the variable-frequency speed-regulation feeding machine through high-pressure head wind, and medium and short fibers are rapid dried, fired and completely combusted in a high-temperature smoke gas environment in the furnace. Long fibers fall in the middle or back position of the fire grate, the fire grate rotates from the back end to the grate front, the detention time of the biomass fuels on the fire grate is effectively prolonged, the complete combustion is favorably realized, the probability of the coking on the fire grate is greatly reduced, and the operation reliability is improved.

Description

The high-moisture percentage biomass fuel boiler

One, technical field: biomass fiber combustion power generation technology

Two, background technology:

Because the monkey grass and the shell moisture content of really going here and there high (up to 60%, moisture content is still about 50% after the squeezing chopping), calorific value low (calorific value is about 2100kcal/kg), plantation is main in order to improve palmitic output; In plantation palm process, executed a large amount of potash fertilizer, contained the potassium height, so the compound that palm fruit fiber and string shell produce in combustion process; As easy as rolling off a log coking; Can influence boiler after the coking and normally conduct heat, thereby influence boiler duty, the actual production capacity of boiler can seriously descend.If do not take measures, boiler operatiopn half a year per hour produce the boiler of 40 tons of steam, its producing steam amount will by per hour 40 tons drop to 15 tons.

Germany, Denmark and Belgian technical solution are on boiler grate, to make an issue of; Adopt water-cooled vibration reciprocating fire grate; With the high shell of combustion heat value is main; So can coking on the fire grate, but can only use the biomass fuel of moisture content 40%, use the palm shell biomass fuel of moisture content 50% when biomass boiler starts, must use diesel oil combustion-supporting; And should cover generating equipment price very high, the generating equipment of 10MW generating scale, wherein one pair of fire grate price will 3,000,000 dollars.

Three, summary of the invention:

Change combustion system, will be in feeding on the fire grate, catch fire and combustion system changes the suspension combustion mode with the feeding of in furnace cavity, sowing grass seeds by duster into.Do not adopt foreign level aisle formula to arrange on the chamber design, arrange, suitably improve furnace height and make material that enough time of staying arranged in combustion process, to realize completing combustion but take up an area of little ∏ type.Simultaneously necessary soot blower is set to alleviate dust stratification at burner hearth and superheater zone; The water-cooled screen is set at the furnace outlet place can effectively reduces the exhanst gas outlet temperature; (the fiber ash fusion point is low because of dust stratification causes the possibility of accident to have reduced superheater; Be prone to form phenomenon of coking by dust stratification), make the safer operation of boiler.

Four, description of drawings

1. high-moisture percentage biomass fuel boiler

Adopting the anemochory form is main with the burning of stove inner suspension, is aided with the but boiler of the grate firing mode of fixed grate of travel(l)ing grate or water-cooled, as illustrates 1.Comprise and cheat the material machine, the device of sowing grass seeds by duster, fire grate, one, two, three wind, drum, the fin panel casing burner hearth, the water-cooled screen, superheater, direct-contact desuperheater, critical pieces such as band fin economizer and helix tube air preheater constitute.

2. sow grass seeds by duster device and the position is set

2.1 the device of sowing grass seeds by duster of band anemochory adjustable plate, can+15 °; Adjustment fiber, shell fall into the rear portion on the fire grate, the position at middle part in-15 ° of top/bottom latitudes, and be as shown in Figure 2.

Device is apart from the distance of grate surface 2.2 sow grass seeds by duster: 2.2 meters--and-2.9 meters, make biomass fuels such as fiber, shell in stove, be in the state of suspension combustion, reduce on the fire grate fuel and pile up the coking that causes.As shown in Figure 1.

2.3 the anemochory plate adopts the steel alloy ZG8Cr33N19N of anti-1000 ℃ of left and right sides high temperature to improve service life.

3. Fig. 1 is seen in multistage air-supply

The high blast of wind, little air quantity account for total blast volume 8-12% 3.1 sow grass seeds by duster.

3.2 a wind (fire grate wind) accounts for total blast volume 30-40%.

3.3 upper and lower secondary wind high-head, high wind-warm syndrome account for total blast volume 30-40%

3.4 tertiary air high-head, cold wind account for total blast volume 10-20%

4. the water-cooled screen is seen Fig. 1

Adopt ￠ 38-60 diameter boiler with pipe, light pipe or band fin form.Be arranged in the top, combustion chamber and improve the burner hearth caloric receptivity to reduce flue gas temperature of hearth outlet.

Five, the specific embodiment:

In October, 2008, sign a contract with Malaysian POLAR VERTIX SDN BHD limited company, two of monkey grass biomass fuel boilers are provided, specification is 40t/h; Take out one of back of the body formula Turbo-generator Set, specification is 3000kw; In by the end of December, 2009 all complete set of equipments mail to Malaysia.Sent at present the technical staff in the locality beginning equipment install, estimate in by the end of November, 2010 equipment install year March in December, 2010 to 2011 equipment debugging and trial run.Commencement of commercial operation in April, 2011 power generation and heat supply.The monkey grass of Southeast Asian countries palm oil processing factory and shell string waste material are very abundant and concentrated, can't handle the biomass fuel burning boiler that the cost performance that need turn waste into wealth in a hurry is high.Along with in April, 2011 at Malaysian commencement of commercial operation power generation and heat supply, this product will get the nod on market, Southeast Asia because of its good cost performance.

Claims

This patent of invention technology has solved high-moisture percentage, height contains potassium rate, high siliceous rate and low-calorie biomass fiber can't the combustion power generation problem.

1. sow grass seeds by duster device and the position is set

1.1 the device of sowing grass seeds by duster of band anemochory adjustable plate, can+15 °; Adjustment fiber, shell fall into the rear portion on the fire grate, the position at middle part in-15 ° of top/bottom latitudes.

Device is apart from the distance of grate surface 1.2 sow grass seeds by duster: 2.2 meters--and-2.9 meters, make biomass fuels such as fiber, shell in stove, be in the state of suspension combustion, reduce on the fire grate fuel and pile up the coking that causes.
2. the multistage air-supply wind of sowing grass seeds by duster

2.1 high blast, little air quantity account for total blast volume 8-12%.

2.2 a wind (fire grate wind) accounts for total blast volume 30-40%.

2.3 upper and lower secondary wind high-head, high wind-warm syndrome account for total blast volume 30-40%

2.4 tertiary air high-head, cold wind account for total blast volume 10-20%