CN110307089A - A kind of biomass direct combustion power generation system and method - Google Patents

A kind of biomass direct combustion power generation system and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110307089A
CN110307089A CN201910717866.7A CN201910717866A CN110307089A CN 110307089 A CN110307089 A CN 110307089A CN 201910717866 A CN201910717866 A CN 201910717866A CN 110307089 A CN110307089 A CN 110307089A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
power generation
turbine
outlet
biomass
carbon dioxide
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CN201910717866.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
黄志强
郑开云
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Shanghai Power Equipment Research Institute Co Ltd
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Shanghai Power Equipment Research Institute Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201910717866.7A priority Critical patent/CN110307089A/en
Publication of CN110307089A publication Critical patent/CN110307089A/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01KSTEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K25/00Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
    • F01K25/08Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
    • F01K25/10Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
    • F01K25/103Carbon dioxide
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02CGAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C6/00Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02CGAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C7/00Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

Technical solution of the present invention provides a kind of biomass direct combustion power generation system and method, including low pressure compressor, intercooler, high pressure compressor, regenerator, combustion chamber, deduster, turbine, generator, cooler and separator.Carbon dioxide in the biomass direct combustion power generation system of technical solution of the present invention can be collected directly by the circulatory system, additional carbon capture device is not needed, realizes carbon dioxide negative emission, and structure is simple, compact-sized, flexible operation, generating efficiency it is high, it can be achieved that power plant miniaturization and modularization.

Description

A kind of biomass direct combustion power generation system and method
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of power generation, more particularly to a kind of biomass direct combustion power generation system and method.
Background technique
Biomass is important one of renewable energy, with resourceful, renewable, distributional region is wide, atmosphere pollution The advantages that object discharge is few, is greatly developing biomass energy sources for generating electricity technology both at home and abroad.Biomass generation mainly has directly Combustion power generation is mixed and burned power generation, pyrolytic gasification power generation and four class of marsh gas power generation.But whether biomass power generation is real two Carbonoxide zero-emission generation mode, it is still disputable in industry, because of the actually biomass electric power plant chimney that still has discharge flue gas.
In recent years, it have developed rapidly by the power cycle technology of working medium of supercritical carbon dioxide, in particular, straight using pure oxygen The half-closed supercritical carbon dioxide circulation of combustion heating, the advantages of having both efficiency power generation and inexpensively catch carbon, and system is simple, knot Structure is compact, flexibility is good.The fuel that biomass solid can recycle after processing directly as half-closed supercritical carbon dioxide, and The latter, which is convenient to separation water outlet and extra carbon dioxide, carbon dioxide from circulation loop, can directly collect for other use Way is sealed up for safekeeping.Therefore, carbon dioxide can be realized using the biomass direct combustion power generation system that half-closed supercritical carbon dioxide recycles Zero-emission, or perhaps negative emission have very high social benefit.It would therefore be highly desirable to construct the half of a kind of biomass solid direct combustion The enclosed supercritical carbon dioxide circulatory system.
Summary of the invention
In view of the foregoing deficiencies of prior art, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of biomass direct-fired Electricity generation system and method.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of biomass direct combustion power generation system, including low pressure compressor, Intercooler, high pressure compressor, regenerator, combustion chamber, deduster, turbine, generator, cooler and separator, it is described The outlet of low pressure compressor connects the import of the intercooler, and the outlet of the intercooler connects the high pressure compressed The import of machine, the high-pressure compressor outlet connect the low temperature side-entrance of the regenerator, the low temperature side outlet of the regenerator The working medium import of the combustion chamber is connected, the outlet of the combustion chamber connects the import of the deduster, and the deduster goes out Mouth connects the import of the turbine, and the outlet of the turbine connects the high temperature side-entrance of the regenerator, the height of the regenerator The import of warm side outlet connection cooler, the outlet of the cooler connect the import of the separator, the water row isolated The water out of the separator out, the sender property outlet of separator connect the import of the low pressure compressor, the generator Connect the turbine.
Optionally, biomass fuel import and oxygen inlet are additionally provided on the combustion chamber.
Optionally, the biomass direct combustion power generation system further includes water collecting device, and the water collecting device connects institute State the water out of separator.
Optionally, the biomass direct combustion power generation system further includes carbon dioxide collecting device, and the carbon dioxide is received Acquisition means connect the intercooler.
Optionally, the distance between the combustion chamber and the deduster are no more than 5 meters.
Optionally, the distance between the deduster and the turbine are no more than 5 meters.
In order to solve the above technical problems, technical solution of the present invention additionally provides a kind of biomass direct combustion power generation method, including Following steps:
It is sent into biomass fuel and oxygen to combustion chamber, the heat that biomass fuel combustion generates is to the overcritical of combustion chamber Carbon dioxide working medium is heated;
The mixed working fluid that the combustion product of the supercritical carbon dioxide working medium and the biomass fuel is formed, which enters, to be removed Dirt device is dusted;
After dedusting, the mixed working fluid enters turbine expansion acting, and pushing generator generates electricity, and turbine discharge Gas successively discharges waste heat through regenerator, cooling through cooler, then is dehumidified by separator;
After separator, water enters water collecting device, and carbon dioxide is successively pressurized through low pressure compressor, through intermediate cold But after device is cooling, a part of carbon dioxide enters high pressure compressor pressurization, enters back into regenerator heating, recently enters combustion chamber, Remaining carbon dioxide storage is in carbon dioxide collecting device.
Optionally, the biomass direct combustion power generation method further include: the biomass fuel is sent into the combustion chamber Before, pretreatment is carried out to the biomass fuel and graininess is made.
Optionally, the outlet pressure of the high pressure compressor is 20MPa or more, the outlet pressure position of the low pressure compressor 8MPa~10MPa.
Optionally, the import Temperature of Working of the turbine is 800 DEG C or more, the delivery temperature of the turbine be 800 DEG C with Under, the pressure at expulsion of the turbine is 5MPa~7MPa.
Compared with prior art, the biomass direct combustion power generation system of technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
1, the carbon dioxide in biomass combustion product can be collected directly by the circulatory system, do not need additional carbon of catching and fill It sets, realizes carbon dioxide negative emission.
2, the electricity generation system of technical solution of the present invention is simple, compact-sized, flexible operation, it can be achieved that the miniaturization of power plant and Modularization advantageously reduces construction cost.
3, the generating efficiency of the electricity generation system of technical solution of the present invention is high, up to 55% or more.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the biomass direct combustion power generation system of the embodiment of the present invention;
Wherein: 1- low pressure compressor, 2- intercooler, 3- high pressure compressor, 4- regenerator, the combustion chamber 5-, 6- dedusting Device, 7- turbine, 8- generator, 9- cooler, 10- separator, 11- water collecting device, 12- carbon dioxide collecting device, 51- Biomass fuel import, 52- oxygen inlet.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to embodiment.
As shown in Figure 1, the biomass direct combustion power generation system of the embodiment of the present invention, including low pressure compressor 1, intercooler 2, high pressure compressor 3, regenerator 4, combustion chamber 5, deduster 6, turbine 7, generator 8, cooler 9 and separator 10.Each portion The connection relationship of part is as follows: the import of the outlet connection intercooler 2 of low pressure compressor 1, the outlet connection of intercooler 2 The import of high pressure compressor 3, the low temperature side-entrance of the outlet of high pressure compressor 3 connection regenerator 4, the low temperature side outlet of regenerator 4 The working medium import of combustion chamber 5 is connected, the import of the outlet connection deduster 6 of combustion chamber 5, the outlet of deduster 6 connects turbine 7 Import, the high temperature side-entrance of the outlet connection regenerator 4 of turbine 7, the import of the high temperature side outlet connection cooler 9 of regenerator 4, The import of the outlet connection separator 10 of cooler 9, the water out for the water discharge separator 10 isolated, separator 10 Sender property outlet connection low pressure compressor 1 import, generator 8 connect turbine 7.
In the present embodiment, biomass direct combustion power generation system further includes water collecting device 11 and carbon dioxide collecting device 12, the water collecting device 11 connects the water out of the separator 10, and carbon dioxide collecting device 12 connects the centre Cooler 2.Biomass fuel import 51 and oxygen inlet 52 are additionally provided on combustion chamber 5.
Between combustion chamber 5 and deduster 6, deduster 6 and the distance between turbine 7 it is short as far as possible, specific distance is big It is small to be arranged according to the actual situation.
It should be noted that equipment involved in technical solution of the present invention belongs to existing equipment, in the embodiment of the present invention In, specifically using following equipment: low pressure compressor (axial-flow type carbon-dioxide gas compressor), intercooler (chimney cooler), High pressure compressor (axial-flow type carbon-dioxide gas compressor), regenerator (printed circuit sheet heat exchanger), combustion chamber (high compression combustion chamber), Deduster (cyclone dust collectors), turbine (axial-flow type carbon dioxide turbine), generator (three-phase synchronous AC generator), cooler (chimney cooler), separator (fountain separator).
It is connected between each equipment of biomass direct combustion power generation system provided in an embodiment of the present invention by pipeline, according to being System control needs, and can also arrange the equipment such as valve, instrument on pipeline.It may also include auxiliary equipment, electrical system, control in system System etc..
The working method of the biomass direct combustion power generation system of technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
Biomass fuel after pretreatment is admitted to combustion chamber 5 through biomass fuel import 51, meanwhile, oxygen is through oxygen Import 52 is entered combustion chamber 5, and the heat that biomass fuel combustion generates carries out the supercritical carbon dioxide working medium of combustion chamber 5 Heating, makes supercritical carbon dioxide working medium reach 850 DEG C;
Then, the mixed working fluid that supercritical carbon dioxide working medium and combustion product are formed enters 6 dedusting of deduster, after dedusting Mixed working fluid enter back into 7 expansion work of turbine, pushing generator 8 generates electricity, and the pressure at expulsion of turbine 7 is 6MPa, and 7 row of turbine Gas out discharges waste heat through regenerator 4, cooling through cooler 9, then is dehumidified by separator 10, and water enters water collection later Device 11, carbon dioxide are pressurized to 9MPa through low pressure compressor 1 again, then cooling through intercooler 2, a part of carbon dioxide into Enter high pressure compressor 3 and be pressurized to 35MPa, enter back into regenerator 4 heating, recently enter combustion chamber 5, remaining carbon dioxide storage in Carbon dioxide collecting device 12.
Using the biomass direct combustion power generation system generating efficiency of technical solution of the present invention up to 55% or more, and need not setting The chimney of flue gas is discharged, carbon dioxide is not discharged to atmosphere, is all collected, it can be achieved that negative carbon is arranged.
Specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above, it should be understood that those skilled in the art are without wound The property made labour, which according to the present invention can conceive, makes many modifications and variations.Therefore, all technician in the art Pass through the available technology of logical analysis, reasoning, or a limited experiment on the basis of existing technology under this invention's idea Scheme, all should be within the scope of protection determined by the claims.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of biomass direct combustion power generation system, which is characterized in that including low pressure compressor, intercooler, high pressure compressor, The outlet of regenerator, combustion chamber, deduster, turbine, generator, cooler and separator, the low pressure compressor connects institute The import of intercooler is stated, the outlet of the intercooler connects the import of the high pressure compressor, the high pressure compressed Machine outlet connects the low temperature side-entrance of the regenerator, the low temperature side outlet of the regenerator connect the working medium of the combustion chamber into Mouthful, the outlet of the combustion chamber connects the import of the deduster, and the outlet of the deduster connects the import of the turbine, institute The outlet for stating turbine connects the high temperature side-entrance of the regenerator, the high temperature side outlet connection cooler of the regenerator into Mouthful, the outlet of the cooler connects the import of the separator, and the water out of the separator is discharged in the water isolated, The sender property outlet of separator connects the import of the low pressure compressor, and the generator connects the turbine.
2. biomass direct combustion power generation system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that be additionally provided with biomass on the combustion chamber Fuel inlet and oxygen inlet.
3. biomass direct combustion power generation system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that it further include water collecting device, the water Collection device connects the water out of the separator.
4. biomass direct combustion power generation system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that it further include carbon dioxide collecting device, The carbon dioxide collecting device connects the intercooler.
5. biomass direct combustion power generation system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the combustion chamber and the deduster it Between distance be no more than 5 meters.
6. biomass direct combustion power generation system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that between the deduster and the turbine Distance be no more than 5 meters.
7. a kind of biomass direct combustion power generation method, which comprises the steps of:
Biomass fuel and oxygen, overcritical dioxy of the heat that biomass fuel combustion generates to combustion chamber are sent into combustion chamber Change carbon working medium to be heated;
The mixed working fluid that the combustion product of the supercritical carbon dioxide working medium and the biomass fuel is formed enters deduster It is dusted;
After dedusting, the mixed working fluid enters turbine expansion acting, and pushing generator generates electricity, and the gas of turbine discharge Waste heat successively is discharged through regenerator, it is cooling through cooler, then dehumidified by separator;
After separator, water enters water collecting device, and carbon dioxide is successively pressurized through low pressure compressor, through intercooler After cooling, a part of carbon dioxide enters high pressure compressor pressurization, enters back into regenerator heating, recently enters combustion chamber, remaining Carbon dioxide storage is in carbon dioxide collecting device.
8. biomass direct combustion power generation method as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that further include: by the biomass fuel It is sent into before the combustion chamber, pretreatment is carried out to the biomass fuel, graininess is made.
9. biomass direct combustion power generation method as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that the outlet pressure of the high pressure compressor For 20MPa or more, outlet pressure position 8MPa~10MPa of the low pressure compressor.
10. biomass direct combustion power generation method as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that the import Temperature of Working of the turbine It is 800 DEG C or more, the delivery temperature of the turbine is 800 DEG C hereinafter, the pressure at expulsion of the turbine is 5MPa~7MPa.
CN201910717866.7A 2019-08-05 2019-08-05 A kind of biomass direct combustion power generation system and method Pending CN110307089A (en)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008101474A (en) * 2006-10-17 2008-05-01 Takuma Co Ltd Woody biomass-fired micro-gas turbine generating device and method of controlling its operation
CN106593556A (en) * 2017-01-24 2017-04-26 上海发电设备成套设计研究院 Biomass burning power generation system and method employing supercritical carbon dioxide cycle
CN108395905A (en) * 2018-03-28 2018-08-14 中国东方电气集团有限公司 Carbon containing solid waste gasification, and combustion electricity generation system based on supercritical carbon dioxide cycle
CN109337715A (en) * 2018-10-31 2019-02-15 上海发电设备成套设计研究院有限责任公司 A kind of Biomass Gasification And Power Generation System and method
CN109854321A (en) * 2019-03-12 2019-06-07 上海发电设备成套设计研究院有限责任公司 A kind of pure oxygen burning supercritical carbon dioxide cycle generating system and method
CN210317492U (en) * 2019-08-05 2020-04-14 上海发电设备成套设计研究院有限责任公司 Biomass direct-combustion power generation system

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008101474A (en) * 2006-10-17 2008-05-01 Takuma Co Ltd Woody biomass-fired micro-gas turbine generating device and method of controlling its operation
CN106593556A (en) * 2017-01-24 2017-04-26 上海发电设备成套设计研究院 Biomass burning power generation system and method employing supercritical carbon dioxide cycle
CN108395905A (en) * 2018-03-28 2018-08-14 中国东方电气集团有限公司 Carbon containing solid waste gasification, and combustion electricity generation system based on supercritical carbon dioxide cycle
CN109337715A (en) * 2018-10-31 2019-02-15 上海发电设备成套设计研究院有限责任公司 A kind of Biomass Gasification And Power Generation System and method
CN109854321A (en) * 2019-03-12 2019-06-07 上海发电设备成套设计研究院有限责任公司 A kind of pure oxygen burning supercritical carbon dioxide cycle generating system and method
CN210317492U (en) * 2019-08-05 2020-04-14 上海发电设备成套设计研究院有限责任公司 Biomass direct-combustion power generation system

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Application publication date: 20191008