CN104847499B - A kind of Boulez with solar energy heating pauses combined cycle generating unit - Google Patents

A kind of Boulez with solar energy heating pauses combined cycle generating unit Download PDF

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CN104847499B
CN104847499B CN201510293040.4A CN201510293040A CN104847499B CN 104847499 B CN104847499 B CN 104847499B CN 201510293040 A CN201510293040 A CN 201510293040A CN 104847499 B CN104847499 B CN 104847499B
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China
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boulez
circulation
air
solar energy
pauses
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CN104847499A (en
Inventor
周文
顾加山
耿斌
蒋红星
胥荣武
曹冬明
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FUNING HENGYUAN ELECTRICAL INDUSTRIAL Co Ltd
FUNING POWER SUPPLY Co OF JIANGSU ELECTRIC POWER Co
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co Ltd
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FUNING HENGYUAN ELECTRICAL INDUSTRIAL Co Ltd
FUNING POWER SUPPLY Co OF JIANGSU ELECTRIC POWER Co
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/46Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/16Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]

Abstract

The combined cycle generating unit the present invention relates to a kind of Boulez with solar energy heating pauses, circulation combined running mode that this device pauses circulation using top Boulez and bottom Boulez pauses, the higher flue gas of temperature that in pausing circulation by the use of top Boulez, gas turbine is discharged pauses as bottom Boulez the thermal source of circulation;Bottoming cycle uses air as working medium, and after reclaiming the fume afterheat that high-temperature fuel gas turbine is discharged, then the cavity type receptor through solar energy Accumulated Heat Units heats up, and pauses circulating generation for bottom Boulez.This device makes the heat energy utilization that fuel combustion produces more reasonable, and the heat of effectively utilizes solar energy simultaneously reaches energy-saving purpose, is particularly suitable for water-deficient area and uses.

Description

A kind of Boulez with solar energy heating pauses combined cycle generating unit
Technical field
The combined cycle generating unit the present invention relates to a kind of Boulez with solar energy heating pauses, concrete genus gas turbine power generation dress Put technical field.
Background technology
Advanced gas turbine is the key equipment of the 21 century energy and dynamical system, is also a current country in the world The important symbol of the advanced degree of industrial foundation.Develop advanced gas turbine technology and there is great strategic significance and wide industry Change prospect, has extremely important effect for the hi-tech development in China's association area.
Large Copacity, efficient gas turbine and its combined cycle have become the trend of a certainty, and the generating in the world is held Shared share even more significantly rapid growth in amount.In recent years since, a kind of distribution with little miniature gas turbine as core Swift and violent emergence earned by formula energy resource system and supply unit, has greatly the trend accounting for market with large and medium-sized gas turbine altogether.This, Power supply mode has following some advantages:It does not have or have very low transmission & distribution electrical loss (for centralized power supply system, This loss at least up to 10% about, in China even up to more than 15%);Power distribution station need not be built, it is possible to reduce transmission & distribution Electric cost;It is suitable for the change of multiple hotspot stress, system can be made flexibly to be adjusted according to the demand of thermic load or electric load, Be conducive to the utilization rate of raising equipment;It is easy to, closely to user's heat supply and refrigeration, the transmission pipeline network of costliness need not be set up, Thus expense of can reducing investment outlay, the utilization ratio of the energy can be improved, civil engineering and installation cost can reduce again;Each power station Independent mutually, it is easy to voluntarily control, large-scale accident of power supply will not occur, thus the reliability of power supply is high, very suitable It is suitable for and provide electric power, heat supply and refrigeration for shopping centre, residential block or even airport and subway station etc.;Using clean fuel Under the premise of, even if in thickly populated city area, the requirement of high standard environment-friendly quality also can be met.This will for medium-sized, The popularization and application of particularly little miniature gas turbine, provide a brand-new opportunity and market.
The primitive form of solar energy tower type or dish-style heat generating system is using the settled date lens group following the tracks of the sun, by solar ray collecting To on the receptor being fixed on top, in order to produce high temperature, heating working medium produces superheated steam or high-temperature gas, drives vapour Turbine generator group or turbo-generator group generate electricity, thus converting the solar into electric energy.The Pang being made up of many heliostats Big heliostat field, its area is very big, and focusing ratio is very high, and running temperature can reach 1000~1500 DEG C.
Europe and Israel are to the heat transfer technology of the tower type solar electricity generation system using air as heat-absorbing medium and accumulation of heat skill The research of art is more paid close attention to, and has carried out some famous research projects, the J ü lich electricity that such as Germany put into operation in 2009 Stand, be a verification experimental verification power station, be also first tower type solar generating using air as heat transfer medium in the world System.
China and Israel's R & D Cooperation build up domestic seat of honour 70kw tower type solar energy thermal power generation demonstration project, in 2005 October successfully generates electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems in Jiangning, Nanjing development zone, and this is that first, the China being set up using Brayton cycle principle is tower Solar energy thermal-power-generating station.This power station makees heat-transfer working medium by solar energy cavity type receptor with air, be aided with natural gas and Small size gas turbine takes the lead in achieving the thermal electric generator combining using solar energy and Brayton cycle technology, its tower system Tower height be 33 meters, the heliostat being 19.6 using 32 specular cross sections, the export temperature of receptor is 900 DEG C, inlet pressure is 0.4MPa, and test peak conversion efficiency is 85%, and gas turbine thermoelectrical efficiency is 28.5%.But Because cavity-type solar receptor entrance is too little, intake air temperature is difficult to supporting with combustion gas cause experiment effect not ideal.But It is clear that having the tower-type solar thermal power generating system of application prospect by becoming pole after solution coupling sex chromosome mosaicism.
It is worth noting that using air as the tower type solar electricity generation system of heat-absorbing medium, this system uses air as heat Carrier.In this scheme, the light of focusing is projected onto a kind of gas permeable material (for example a kind of wire braid), empty Gas passes through from this heated material, and because the contact surface of air and this collection hot material is very big, therefore heat transfer is quickly, Efficiency is very high, and air can be heated to more than 1000 DEG C of high temperature.
Chinese patent 201320854012.1 provides a kind of Kano-open Bretton hybrid power generation equipment, using combustion The heat that material fuel produces, the air through compressor compression for the heating, drag gas turbine expansion work, its essence is and pass through The pressure design optimizing and appropriate heating-up temperature, the circulation so that open Boulez pauses that is not provided with regenerator in cyclic process The temperature of emission is close to the air themperature of environment, thus effectively increasing the output of work(.But this patent there is also one Air is heated to 1200 DEG C using the heat that fuel produces, the design of heat exchanger of such high temperature is strictly by fixed problem Individual technical barrier, thus also limit the popularization and application of this patent.
Therefore how to solve the problems, such as above-mentioned prior art, in combination with the advantage of solar energy heat build-up technology, set up effect Higher, the new-type Boulez of rate pauses combined cycle generation pattern, makes the heat energy utilization that fuel combustion produces more reasonable, becomes The difficult point of this area research.
Content of the invention
The present invention is for solving the problems, such as prior art, provides a kind of Boulez with solar energy heating combined cycle of pausing to send out Electric installation, using the gas turbine unit of simple cycle, bottoming cycle selects air to pause as Boulez the working medium of circulation for top circulation, Reclaim the waste heat that flue gas is discharged in top circulation, then after heating up through solar energy Accumulated Heat Units, pause circulating generation for bottom Boulez, The association circulating power generation system thus Boulez with solar energy heating for the formation pauses, reaches energy-saving purpose.
The purpose of the present invention is realized by following measures:
A kind of Boulez with solar energy heating pauses combined cycle generating unit, and this device is paused combustion gas in circulation using top Boulez The higher flue gas of temperature that turbine is discharged pauses as bottom Boulez the thermal source of circulation, reclaims the waste heat that flue gas is discharged in top circulation, After cavity type receptor through solar energy Accumulated Heat Units heats up again, generate electricity for bottoming cycle, thus forming band solar energy heating Boulez pause association circulating power generation system it is characterised in that:
Described top Boulez pause circulation refer to combustion air 10 through top circulation compressor 11 supercharging after, formed top circulation pressure Contracting air 12, sends into combustor 14, and fuel 13 mixed combustion, the high-temperature flue gas 15 of formation send into gas turbine 16, Drag top circulating generator 17 to generate electricity, from the flue gas 18 that gas turbine 16 is discharged after high temperature regenerator 24 cooling, shape Low-temperature flue gas 19 are become to enter air, thus form top Boulez pausing cyclic process;
Described bottom Boulez pause circulation refer to air 20 through bottoming cycle compressor 21 supercharging after, produce compressed air 22, Reclaim the heat of the flue gas 18 that gas turbine 16 is discharged by high temperature regenerator 24, then the cavity through solar energy Accumulated Heat Units After formula receptor 25 heating, the high temperature air 27 of generation, send into air turbine 28 and drag 29, bottoming cycle electromotor Electricity, the aerofluxuss 30 of air turbine 28 enter air, thus form bottom Boulez pausing closed circuit;
Described top Boulez pauses, and circulating pauses with bottom Boulez cycles through high temperature regenerator 24 composition with solar energy heating Boulez pauses combined cycle generating unit.
It is provided with cryogenic regenerator 23:Described top Boulez pause circulation refer to combustion air 10 through top circulation compressor 11 increase After pressure, form top circulation compressed air 12, send into combustor 14, with fuel 13 mixed combustion, the high-temperature flue gas of formation 15 feeding gas turbines 16, drag top circulating generator 17 generate electricity, from gas turbine 16 discharge flue gas 18 through high temperature After regenerator 24, cryogenic regenerator 23 cooling, form low-temperature flue gas 19 and enter air, follow thus forming top Boulez and pausing Ring process;
Described bottom Boulez pause circulation refer to air 20 through bottoming cycle compressor 21 supercharging after, produce compressed air 22, Reclaim the heat of the flue gas 18 that gas turbine 16 is discharged by cryogenic regenerator 23, high temperature regenerator 24, then through the sun After cavity type receptor 25 heating of energy Accumulated Heat Units, the high temperature air 27 of generation, send into air turbine 28 and drag bottom Circulating generator 29 generates electricity, and the aerofluxuss 30 of air turbine 28 enter air, thus form bottom Boulez pausing closed circuit.
The cavity type receptor 25 of described solar energy Accumulated Heat Units, using the solar energy heliostat field of the independently tracked sun 26, by solar ray collecting to the cavity type receptor 25 being fixed on top of tower, the working medium of circulation of pausing for heated base Boulez.
Described solar energy Accumulated Heat Units adopt tower or disc type solar energy heat gathering structure.
Described solar energy Accumulated Heat Units are provided with necessary heat accumulation subsystem.
It is provided with air filter:Described air sends into compressor after air filter filtration.
Described fuel 13 adopts natural gas, coal gas or liquid fuel.
Described top circulation compressor 11, bottoming cycle compressor 21 adopt one stage of compression, or multi-stage compression, intercooling Mode.
Described top circulation compressor 11, bottoming cycle compressor 21 adopt screw compressor, centrifugal compressor, work Plug compressor, slide vane compressor or Axial Flow Compressor.
Described top circulation compressor 11, bottoming cycle compressor 21 can merge into same compressor, the compression after supercharging Air is divided into two-way, i.e. top circulation compressed air 12, bottoming cycle compressed air 22, is sent to top circulation respectively as combustion-supporting sky Gas, bottoming cycle are as the air of recovery waste heat.
Described gas turbine 16, air turbine 28 can adopt the coaxial or different axle method of operation.
When described gas turbine 16, air turbine 28 adopt coaxial manner, top circulating generator 17, bottoming cycle are sent out Motor 29 can merge into same electromotor.
Described high temperature regenerator 24 or cryogenic regenerator 23 include surface-type and regenerative two class.
Described surface-type regenerator includes but is not limited to shell-and-tube, board-like, plate-fin and original surface formula.
Described gas turbine 16, air turbine 28 are scroll expansion machine, screw type expansion machine, centrifugal expansion Machine or piston expansion engine.
Described top Boulez pause circulation, bottom Boulez pause the gas turbine of circulation and air turbine adopt identical or different Admission pressure, using identical or different intake air temperature.
Described top Boulez pauses circulation and bottom Boulez pauses, and circulation may be selected different pressure, temperature composition band solar energy adds The Boulez of heat pauses association circulating power generation system, and the circulation of pausing of such as top Boulez adopts low pressure, the method for operation of higher temperature, Bottom Boulez pauses circulation using high pressure, the method for operation of lower temperature.
Unaccounted equipment and its back-up system, pipeline, instrument, valve in the present invention, it is incubated, there is regulation work( Bypass facility of energy etc. is carried out supporting using known mature technology.
It is provided with the safety supporting with present system, regulation device, carried out using existing ripe control technique supporting, Enable the Boulez with solar energy heating pause economic, the safe efficient rate of combined cycle generating unit run, reach energy-conservation The purpose of consumption reduction.
The present invention has the advantage that compared to existing technology:
1st, by increasing the air capacity that bottom Boulez pauses in circulation, can effectively reduce top Boulez and pause the delivery temperature of circulation, Paused the pressure and temperature of circulation by adjusting bottom Boulez simultaneously, gas turbine expellant gas temperature can be made in bottoming cycle relatively Low, the thermal efficiency of Combined Cycle Unit is higher, up to more than 42%.
2nd, solar energy thermal-power-generating Combined Cycle Unit runing adjustment is flexible, need not be equipped with conventional gas-steam connection Close the condenser in circulating generation unit, the public work water consumption of unit reduces significantly, and equipment is greatly Simplify, deoxygenation demineralizer need not be set, be particularly suitable for water-deficient area.
3rd, the self-insurance ability of system is strong, during one of turbine in top Boulez pauses and bottom Boulez pauses off-the-line, remains to By adjusting the method for operation it is ensured that unit safety operation, enhance safety operation elasticity and the motility of whole system, just Rapid enforcement in safe emergency measure.
4th, bottoming cycle compressed air can adopt atm number, high pressure, the method for operation of lower temperature, is guaranteeing effectively to reduce On the premise of top circulating exhaust temperature, bottoming cycle generatine set heat efficiency, effectively reduce equipment manufacturing cost.
5th, the top circulation in Combined Cycle Unit and bottoming cycle turbine can adopt sending out of coaxial manner, bottoming cycle and top circulation Motor can merge into an electromotor so that equipment more simplify, compact.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is that a kind of Boulez with solar energy heating of the present invention pauses combined cycle generating unit schematic flow sheet;
In Fig. 1:10- combustion air, 11- top circulation compressor, 12- top circulation compressed air, 13- fuel, 14- burns Room, 15- high-temperature flue gas, 16- gas turbine, 17- top circulating generator, 18- flue gas, 19- low-temperature flue gas, 20- air, 21- bottoming cycle compressor, 22- compressed air, 23- cryogenic regenerator, 24- high temperature regenerator, 25- cavity type receptor, 26- heliostat field, 27- high temperature air, 28- air turbine, 29- bottoming cycle electromotor, 30- aerofluxuss.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1:
The combined cycle generating unit schematic flow sheet as shown in figure 1, a kind of Boulez with solar energy heating of the present invention pauses.
A kind of Boulez with solar energy heating pauses combined cycle generating unit, and this device is paused combustion gas in circulation using top Boulez The higher flue gas of temperature that turbine is discharged pauses as bottom Boulez the thermal source of circulation, reclaims the waste heat that flue gas is discharged in top circulation, After cavity type receptor through solar energy Accumulated Heat Units heats up again, generate electricity for bottoming cycle, thus forming band solar energy heating Boulez pause association circulating power generation system it is characterised in that:
Described top Boulez pause circulation refer to combustion air 10 through top circulation compressor 11 supercharging after, formed top circulation pressure Contracting air 12, sends into combustor 14, and fuel 13 mixed combustion, the high-temperature flue gas 15 of formation send into gas turbine 16, Drag top circulating generator 17 to generate electricity, from the flue gas 18 that gas turbine 16 is discharged after high temperature regenerator 24 cooling, shape Low-temperature flue gas 19 are become to enter air, thus form top Boulez pausing cyclic process;
Described bottom Boulez pause circulation refer to air 20 through bottoming cycle compressor 21 supercharging after, produce compressed air 22, Reclaim the heat of the flue gas 18 that gas turbine 16 is discharged by high temperature regenerator 24, then the cavity through solar energy Accumulated Heat Units After formula receptor 25 heating, the high temperature air 27 of generation, send into air turbine 28 and drag 29, bottoming cycle electromotor Electricity, the aerofluxuss 30 of air turbine 28 enter air, thus form bottom Boulez pausing closed circuit;
Described top Boulez pauses, and circulating pauses with bottom Boulez cycles through high temperature regenerator 24 composition with solar energy heating Boulez pauses combined cycle generating unit.
It is provided with cryogenic regenerator 23:Described top Boulez pause circulation refer to combustion air 10 through top circulation compressor 11 increase After pressure, form top circulation compressed air 12, send into combustor 14, with fuel 13 mixed combustion, the high-temperature flue gas of formation 15 feeding gas turbines 16, drag top circulating generator 17 generate electricity, from gas turbine 16 discharge flue gas 18 through high temperature After regenerator 24, cryogenic regenerator 23 cooling, form low-temperature flue gas 19 and enter air, follow thus forming top Boulez and pausing Ring process;
Described bottom Boulez pause circulation refer to air 20 through bottoming cycle compressor 21 supercharging after, produce compressed air 22, Reclaim the heat of the flue gas 18 that gas turbine 16 is discharged by cryogenic regenerator 23, high temperature regenerator 24, then through the sun After cavity type receptor 25 heating of energy Accumulated Heat Units, the high temperature air 27 of generation, send into air turbine 28 and drag bottom Circulating generator 29 generates electricity, and the aerofluxuss 30 of air turbine 28 enter air, thus form bottom Boulez pausing closed circuit.
The cavity type receptor 25 of described solar energy Accumulated Heat Units, using the solar energy heliostat field of the independently tracked sun 26, by solar ray collecting to the cavity type receptor 25 being fixed on top of tower, the working medium of circulation of pausing for heated base Boulez.
Described solar energy Accumulated Heat Units adopt tower type solar heat gathering structure.
It is provided with air filter:Described air sends into compressor after air filter filtration.
Described fuel 13 adopts natural gas.
Described top circulation compressor 11, bottoming cycle compressor 21 adopt multi-stage compression, intercooling mode;
Described top circulation compressor 11, bottoming cycle compressor 21 adopt screw compressor.
Described gas turbine 16, air turbine 28 can adopt the coaxial method of operation.
Same electromotor merged into by described top circulating generator 17, bottoming cycle electromotor 29.
Described high temperature regenerator 24 or cryogenic regenerator 23 adopt surface-type regenerator.
Described surface-type regenerator includes but is not limited to shell-and-tube, board-like, plate-fin and original surface formula.
Described gas turbine 16, air turbine 28 are scroll expansion machine.
Pause circulation, bottom Boulez of described top Boulez pauses the gas turbine of circulation and air turbine adopts different air inlets Pressure, different intake air temperature.
Unaccounted equipment and its back-up system, pipeline, instrument, valve in the present invention, it is incubated, there is regulation work( Bypass facility of energy etc. is carried out supporting using known mature technology.
It is provided with the safety supporting with present system, regulation device, carried out using existing ripe control technique supporting, Enable superposition type Boulez pause economic, the safe efficient rate of association circulating power generation system run, reach energy-saving mesh 's.
Although the present invention is open as above with preferred embodiment, they are not for limiting the present invention, any are familiar with basis Field technical professional, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, can make various simple modifications, equivalent variations, Still fall within the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of Boulez with solar energy heating pauses combined cycle generating unit, during this device pauses circulation by the use of top Boulez, the higher flue gas of temperature discharged of gas turbine pauses as bottom Boulez the thermal source of circulation, reclaim the waste heat that flue gas is discharged in top circulation, after cavity type receptor through solar energy Accumulated Heat Units heats up again, generate electricity for bottoming cycle, thus formed the Boulez with solar energy heating pause association circulating power generation system it is characterised in that:
Described top Boulez pauses, and circulating pauses with bottom Boulez cycles through high temperature regenerator(24)The Boulez with solar energy heating for the composition pauses combined cycle generating unit;
The described Boulez with the solar energy heating combined cycle generating unit that pauses is provided with cryogenic regenerator(23):
The circulation of pausing of described top Boulez refers to combustion air(10)Through top circulation compressor(11)After supercharging, form top circulation compressed air(12), send into combustor(14), with fuel(13)Mixed combustion, the high-temperature flue gas of formation(15)Send into gas turbine(16), drag top circulating generator(17)Generate electricity, from gas turbine(16)The flue gas discharged(18)Through high temperature regenerator(24), cryogenic regenerator(23)After cooling, form low-temperature flue gas(19)Enter air, thus form top Boulez pausing cyclic process;
The circulation of pausing of described bottom Boulez refers to air(20)Through bottoming cycle compressor(21)After supercharging, produce compressed air(22), by cryogenic regenerator(23), high temperature regenerator(24)Reclaim gas turbine(16)The flue gas discharged(18)Heat, then the cavity type receptor through solar energy Accumulated Heat Units(25)After heating, the high temperature air of generation(27), send into air turbine(28)Drag bottoming cycle electromotor(29)Generate electricity, air turbine(28)Aerofluxuss(30)Enter air, thus form bottom Boulez pausing closed circuit;
Described gas turbine(16), air turbine(28)Using the coaxial or different axle method of operation;
Described top circulating generator(17), bottoming cycle electromotor(29)For same electromotor;
Described top Boulez the pause air turbine of circulation of the gas turbine of circulation, bottom Boulez that pauses adopts identical or different admission pressure, identical or different intake air temperature;
Described top circulation compressor(11), bottoming cycle compressor(21)Using one stage of compression, or multi-stage compression, intercooling mode;
Described top circulation compressor(11), bottoming cycle compressor(21)Using screw compressor, centrifugal compressor, piston compressor, slide vane compressor or Axial Flow Compressor;
Described solar energy Accumulated Heat Units adopt tower or disc type solar energy heat gathering structure;
The described Boulez with the solar energy heating combined cycle generating unit that pauses is provided with air filter:Air(20)Compressor is sent into through air filter after filtering;The cavity type receptor of described solar energy Accumulated Heat Units(25), using the solar energy heliostat field of the independently tracked sun(26), by solar ray collecting to the cavity type receptor being fixed on top of tower(25)On, the working medium of circulation of pausing for heated base Boulez;
Described high temperature regenerator(24), cryogenic regenerator(23)Using surface-type or regenerative regenerator.
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US20120039701A1 (en) * 2010-08-12 2012-02-16 Nuovo Pignone S.P.A. Closed Cycle Brayton Cycle System and Method
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