CN1984818A - 用于制造载荷承载元件的方法 - Google Patents

用于制造载荷承载元件的方法 Download PDF

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CN1984818A
CN1984818A CNA2005800108956A CN200580010895A CN1984818A CN 1984818 A CN1984818 A CN 1984818A CN A2005800108956 A CNA2005800108956 A CN A2005800108956A CN 200580010895 A CN200580010895 A CN 200580010895A CN 1984818 A CN1984818 A CN 1984818A
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K·兰塔南
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SUOMEN KUITULAVA Oy
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    • B65D19/0026Rigid pallets without side walls the load supporting surface being made of a single element forming a continuous plane contact surface the base surface being made of more than one element forming discontinuous or non-planar contact surfaces and each contact surface having a stringer-like shape
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Abstract

本发明涉及用于制造载荷承载横杆状元件(4)方法,以及通过使用所获得的元件进行如垫板之类的承载基座的制造。该元件(4)包括纸板芯部(1)和环绕它们的覆盖纸板(2),并且用于形成元件,芯部对准在纸板薄片或辐板上,该纸板薄片或辐板设置有横截于芯部行的方向的弱化线(9),根据本发明,该弱化线允许通过沿着每个弱化线分割横杆部(3)以便将由纸板和芯部组装的横杆部(3)分割成较短的部分,即将设置为横杆状元件。该弱化线(9)包括例如形成在纸板(2)中的穿孔(9),然后在元件上施加冲击,将元件(4)与横杆部(3)分离。元件(4)可以与例如连接的覆盖板组装,以形成垫板,其中载荷在芯部(1)的轴向上施加在元件上。

Description

用于制造载荷承载元件的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及用于制造载荷承载元件的方法,其中管状纸板芯部设置成行,并利用覆盖纸板进行组装,以形成与芯部的行对准的横杆部。本发明还涉及承载基座的制造,如包括所获得的支承元件的垫板。
背景技术
通过将螺旋型卷绕的纸板层彼此叠置粘结以形成具有多层覆盖层的管制成的纸板芯部已经通常用作纸辊中的芯部,载荷横向施加在该芯部上。利用芯部的较高轴向挤压强度的垫板形成纸板芯部应用的第二个目的。芯部和覆盖纸板组装成横杆部,芯部和覆盖纸板利用覆盖板对准和结合形成垫板,其中包括在横杆部中的芯部轴线垂直于垫板的平面。该垫板还包括成两层交叉的横杆部,并且为了组装该垫板将不需要覆盖板。FI专利说明书93933和107600B与其他公开一起已经公开了用可再生材料制成的这种现有一次垫板。
在FI专利说明书93933中,通过将芯部对准在一薄片波纹板上制造用于垫板的该横杆部,该波纹板环绕芯部包封并利用热熔胶水结合到芯部上。该薄片和芯部行具有相等长度,从而如此形成的横杆部将具有开放末端。FI专利说明书107600B包括一片波纹板,它将形状和尺寸加工成环绕芯部的行,并封闭如此获得的横杆部的末端。
在垫板的制造中通过将芯部设置在环绕芯部包封并粘结到芯部上的连续移动辐板上,形成连续横杆部,以在连续生产中生产包括芯部和覆盖纸板的横杆部也是已知的,该连续横杆部利用锯切割器等分成期望长度的部分。
然而,先前组装和粘结的现有技术的横杆部的切割包括数个缺点。如果横杆部中相邻芯部彼此支承,则进行往复线性移动的切割器在以可以切割横杆部的精度精确打击芯部之间方面存在问题。横杆部的直线锯切也会出现同样问题,该直线锯切应该在不损伤切割点附近的芯部的情况下进行。在实践中,横杆部的切割需要在位于切割点两侧上的芯部之间留有间隙。另一方面,利用在切割位置处锯切或切开覆盖板并绕着横杆部转动的工具切割横杆部是非常费力的操作。锯所产生的切割痕迹非常粗糙,并且在连续移动的横杆部基础上,难以在制造过程中组合两种切割方式,即线性前进移动和绕着横杆部转动移动。
发明内容
因此,本发明的目的是改进由纸板芯部和覆盖纸板形成的横杆部的制造方法,包括将先前组装的横杆部切割成特定长度的部分。本发明具有提供一技术方案的特殊目的,利用该技术方案,可以比以前更省力地切割横杆部,同时产生整齐的切割痕迹。本发明的方法的特征在于,在横杆部组装之前,覆盖板设置有横截于芯部行的一个或多个弱化线,并且通过沿着该弱化线切割横杆部,将由纸板和芯部形成的每个元件分离。
根据本发明,覆盖纸板可以预先弱化到不需要切割工具就能把将分离的元件分开的程度,即形成本发明的的最终产品的特定长度的横杆部,通过简单冲击就可以去除该横杆部。本发明不要求切割位置以和利用线性切割用工具移动或用锯切割横杆部同样的绝对精度位于芯部之间,因此在切割位置处芯部可以彼此靠得更近,并在不妨碍横杆部切割的情况下,甚至可以彼此接触。
本发明所需要的弱化线最好是覆盖纸板的穿孔。该弱化线可以包括点状或最好线性穿孔,该穿孔穿透纸板并覆盖弱化线,从而线的两侧上的部分只由穿孔之间的窄桥接微弱结合。该桥接需要只具有纸板可以在不过早断裂的情况下包封芯部的强度。预先制造的线性穿孔和最少数量的桥接还实现了最均匀的切割痕迹。在桥接位置处轻微切开板表面也对此有所帮助。
例如利用锯片型往复工具可以在纸板薄片或辐板中形成弱化线,该往复工具在纸板中产生将桥接彼此分开的线性穿孔。假设轻微的冲击足以最终切割横杆部,则与现有操作中分割完整横杆部相比,根据本发明利用所述工具切割横杆部是基本更容易和更安全的操作。当纸板薄片或辐板处于单一平面,即开始弯曲环绕芯部的辐板之前时,穿孔或任何类似弱化线可以形成在纸板薄片或辐板中。还最好在将芯部放置在薄片或辐板上之前,在薄片或辐板中产生弱化线。这允许各芯部也在弱化线的位置处设置成互相接触。
本发明尤其适合于诸如特定长度的横杆部的元件的连续制造,本发明通过以等于元件长度的间隔在连续纸板幅板中形成横向弱化线,将芯部对准在辐板上,将辐板围绕芯部的行包封形成横杆部,并沿着弱化线将横杆部分割形成单个元件实现。通过生产包括一个或多个横向弱化线的特定长度的横杆部可以有选择地实现本发明,通过将横杆部支承在弱化线之间并同时对横杆部的两端进行打击或冲击用于使将分离的部分分开,将该横杆部分成各个部分。
用于生产如垫板之类的承载基座的本发明的方法,包括元件的上述制作,该元件由纸板芯部和覆盖纸板形成,即特定长度的横杆部,它们彼此相邻设置并彼此结合形成基座,该基座容纳在芯部的轴向上施加到其上的载荷。横杆部可以利用覆盖板连接形成垫板,由垫板承载的载荷放置在覆盖板上。横杆部最好在垫板上相继对准并彼此分离,允许升降叉通过在横杆部之间穿透从垫板的四个侧面抓取矩形垫板。
附图说明
本发明将在下面利用例子并参照附图进行进一步解释,其中:
附图1是用于生产连续横杆部和用于将其分成特定长度的杆状元件的连续生产线的示意图,
附图2示出了带有输送器的生产线的一部分,该输送器输送生产的连续横杆部,
附图3和4示出了特定长度并设置有弱化线的横杆部分的分割,
附图5示出了生产线的一部分,其中在本发明的一个实施例中,芯部设置在将设置有弱化线的连续覆盖纸板幅板上,
附图6示出了将在附图5的生产线上生产的单个横杆状元件,
附图7示出了与横杆状元件组装的垫板,和如附图1所示生产的覆盖板,
附图8示出了第二垫板,它包括根据本发明生产的横杆状元件,
附图9是附图8的IX-IX剖视图,及
附图10是附图8的X-X剖视图。
具体实施方式
附图1的生产线在连续操作过程中生产横杆部3,该横杆部包括管状纸板芯部1并环绕覆盖纸板2,该横杆部在过程结尾分成特定长度的部分,即特定长度的横杆状元件4,具有它们自己的强度该横杆状元件适合于例如在如垫板之类的载荷基座中承载载荷。完全由纸板制成的一次性垫板具有它们的材料可再循环使用的优点。
在附图1的过程的研究中,横杆部3由设置有纵向折线5的连续纸板幅板2和在其上对准的板芯件1形成。该折线5将辐板2分成中央条带6,在中央条带两侧上的内饰边(border strip)7和在辐板的边缘处的外饰边8。在芯部1放置在辐板2上之前,以给定间隔产生弱化线9,它在辐板中从另一边缘延伸。该弱化线9可以包括穿孔和穿孔之间的窄桥接,它们保持幅板在生产线上组装。在穿孔时,辐板2分布在单平面中,利用垂直于辐板的平面的锯齿型往复工具10制作穿孔。
在附图1中所示本发明的实施例中,弱化线9之间的距离已经将尺寸加工成等于一行芯部中两个相邻芯部1的总直径。芯部1设置在辐板2的中央条带6中,使弱化线9在每两个芯部之间的位置11处横断芯部的行。在理想情况下,甚至在本发明不必须要求芯部1相对于弱化线9如此精确定位的情况下,弱化线9也通过相邻芯部1彼此接触的点。芯部1之间的接触不是必须的,但是相反可能在在弱化线9之间的单个芯部或数对芯部之间留有间隙。
芯部利用垂直往复工具13设置在辐板2上,该垂直往复工具用如附图1中所示的叉架12那样抓住芯部。然而,芯部1可以以多种不同方式放置在辐板2上,例如通过从辐板的一侧推动芯部,或通过沿着凹槽状导向件从辐板的侧面或顶部连续导入芯部。这些实施例本身是本领域技术人员已知的或显而易见的。
在芯部1已经设置在辐板上之后,辐板2利用导向件(未说明)绕着芯部的行弯曲。这形成了具有矩形横截面的横杆部3,其中辐板的折线5形成了横杆部的边缘,辐板的中央条带6形成了横杆部的底部,内饰边7形成了横杆部的垂直侧面,并且外饰边8共同形成了横杆部的上侧。对准的饰边8在横杆部的上侧上形成纵向接缝线14。为了弯曲横杆部3,在辐板弯曲之前,在辐板2和/或芯部1上涂抹胶水。
通过沿着每根弱化线切割横杆部,将设置有在上述最终处理步骤中获得的横向弱化线9的连续横杆部3分成各个部分。这形成了特定长度的横杆状元件4,每个横杆状元件都具有由覆盖纸板2环绕的两个相邻的纸板芯部1。切割工具包括液压往复锤15,它通过在元件4上轻微冲击将元件分离。附图2示出了带输送器16,它移动成品横杆部3并具有支承横杆部的辅助功能,从而将从其末端分离的元件4每次都不费力地分离。
通过在辐板2设置有纵向刻痕的折线5之前形成弱化线9,横杆部3的生产可以与前述程序不同。纸板幅板5最好由彼此叠置的数种原料辐板制成,然后在辐板结合在一起之前,可以在每个原料辐板中单独形成弱化线9,从而它们的弱化线重合。原料辐板利用胶水结合在一起,并且在胶水干燥之前,即新胶水将辐板弄湿或弄软时,最好将折线5刻在辐板2的层状结构上。
粘接成多层的覆盖纸板2使横杆部3具有刚性,这有利于横杆部分成元件4并产生用于各种承载情况的较坚固元件。
在附图3中,与上面所述不同,切割的目的是能够分割生产成特定尺寸并设置有弱化线9的横杆部3。弱化线9将横杆部3分割成三个部分,每个部分都包括由覆盖纸板2环绕的两个相邻芯部件1。为了切割,横杆部3已经设置在基座17上,并且利用绕着横杆部的最外侧部分转动并由液压缸18驱动的驱动带19进行切割。通过驱动带19的拉动,横杆部3如附图4中所示沿着弱化线9分割成与附图1和2相对应的三个元件4。
附图5说明了本发明的变型,其中穿孔工具切割纸板幅板2中的弱化线9,该线与由线限定的芯部件1相匹配并由区域20间隔开,该区域随着所获得的连续横杆部分成如附图6中所示的单个元件4而分离。在本实施例中,每个元件4都包括三个相邻芯部1,并且各元件的末端都已经倒圆角,从而使芯部的圆形轮廓与弱化线9的形状匹配。
附图7示出了纸板垫板21,通过将总共九个如附图1所示获得的横杆状元件4彼此相邻设置成三个纵行和横行,并通过用覆盖板22将它们结合在一起形成该纸板垫板,包括在元件中的芯部1的轴线与该覆盖板的平面垂直。该覆盖板22接受放置在垫板上的载荷,并且对准的元件4之间的间隙23允许装载的垫板利用铲车的升降叉移动。
附图8至10中所示垫板21的应用与附图7中不同,在横杆状元件4的纵向行下面,基础条带24已经设置成从各行的一端延伸到另一端,该基础条带由伸长的纸板条带构成,该纸板条带具有与元件4大致相同的宽度。条带24的纵向边缘25已经向上弯曲,从而该条带形成每个元件4都被安装到其中的浅凹槽。该凹槽已经在元件4之间用填充纸板26充填,比较附图10。条带24和各件纸板填料26可以包括上述粘接成多层的纸板,该纸板与用于覆盖2横杆状元件4的纸板相对应。纵向基础条带24具有加强垫板和允许其在辊子输送器上沿条带的纵向移动的双重目的。由于各行元件行之间的间隙23和设置在垫板的覆盖板22和基础条带24之间的各元件4之间的开口27,垫板可以利用铲车提升和移动。
本领域技术人员非常清楚,本发明的应用不局限于上述例子,而且可以在所附权利要求的范围内改变。从而,例如,除了单个连续辐板或薄片之外,横杆部的覆盖纸板可以包括两个单独的辐板或薄片,其中一个环绕底侧上的芯部1,另一个在顶侧环绕芯部,从而辐板或薄片共同形成元件的纵向侧。倘若粘结足以组装元件,则不必须通过在所有纵向侧上覆盖纸板环绕芯部,而且横杆部和从此处分离的元件可以保留部分开放。

Claims (14)

1.用于制造载荷承载元件(4)的方法,其中利用覆盖纸板(2)对准和组装管状纸板芯部(1),以形成与芯部的行对准的横杆部(3),其特征在于,横杆部(3)组装之前,纸板(2)设置有横截于与芯部行的一个或多个弱化线(9),并且通过沿着该弱化线分割横杆部将由纸板和芯部形成的每个元件(4)分离。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,该弱化线包括形成在纸板(2)中的穿孔(9)。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于,弱化线(9)从用于横杆部(3)的纸板薄片或辐板(2)的一个边缘延伸到另一边缘。
4.如前述权利要求中任意一项所述的方法,其特征在于,弱化线(9)与相邻芯部(1)之间的一行芯部交叉。
5.如前述权利要求中任意一项所述的方法,其特征在于,成行的芯部(1)相互接触。
6.如前述权利要求中任意一项所述的方法,其特征在于,当纸板薄片或辐板处于单一平面时,在该纸板薄片或辐板(2)中形成弱化线(9)。
7.如前述权利要求中任意一项所述的方法,其特征在于,在纸板薄片或辐板与芯部(1)结合之前,在纸板薄片或辐板(2)中形成弱化线(9)。
8.如前述权利要求中任意一项所述的方法,其特征在于,芯部的行设置在纸板薄片或辐板(2)上,该纸板薄片或辐板环绕芯部(1)包封,从而形成横杆部(3)的纵向侧。
9.如前述权利要求中任意一项所述的方法,其特征在于,利用在将从横杆部分离的元件(4)上的突然冲击或打击分开横杆部(3)。
10.如前述权利要求中任意一项所述的方法,其特征在于,通过在纸板幅板(2)中以等于元件长度的间隔形成横向弱化线(9),通过将芯部(1)设置在该辐板上,通过绕着芯部的行包封该辐板,从而形成横杆部(3),以及通过沿着弱化线将横杆部分成单个元件,这样连续制造元件(4)。
11.如权利要求1至9中任意一项所述的方法,其特征在于,制造横杆部(3),它具有特定长度,并包括两个或多个横向弱化线(9),通过将横杆部支承在弱化线之间,并通过将冲击或打击同时导向到横杆部的两端上用于分离元件,从而将该横杆部分割成元件(4)。
12用于制造承载基座的方法,其特征在于,采用前述权利要求中任意一项限定的方法,用纸板芯部(1)和覆盖纸板(2)制造元件(4),该元件彼此相邻设置,并结合在一起,以形成基座(21),该基座接受在芯部轴向上施加在其上的载荷。
13.如权利要求12所述的方法,其特征在于,元件(4)在基座(21)上相继对准,从而允许升降叉被推动到元件之间的间隙(23)中来移动基座。
14.如权利要求12或13所述的方法,其特征在于,垫板(21)由相邻的支承元件(4)和连接支承元件的覆盖板(22)形成。
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