CN1969606B - Method for breeding collybia albuminosa artificially by symbiosis of termite - Google Patents
Method for breeding collybia albuminosa artificially by symbiosis of termite Download PDFInfo
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- CN1969606B CN1969606B CN2006100487249A CN200610048724A CN1969606B CN 1969606 B CN1969606 B CN 1969606B CN 2006100487249 A CN2006100487249 A CN 2006100487249A CN 200610048724 A CN200610048724 A CN 200610048724A CN 1969606 B CN1969606 B CN 1969606B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a culturing method of manual planting chicken-mushroom, which is characterized by the following: utilizing symbiotic method of termite and chicken-mushroom; selecting manual field; culturing termite egg block; separating bacteria; building chicken-mushroom symbiotic pond; sowing bacteria; maintaining; harvesting; possessing various nutrition.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of artificial planting chicken
Method, particularly a kind ofly utilize termite and chicken
The symbiosis mode, the artificial planting chicken
Method.The field of planting that belongs to wild bacterium.
Background technology:
Chicken
(collybia albuminosa) belongs to Eumycota, Basidiomycetes, Agaricales, Tricholomataceae, termite Pseudomonas in the biology classification, this genus has 8 kinds, chicken in Yunnan
Be a kind of wild edible fungus that is grown in Yunnan special geographical environment and climatic environment, chicken
Being the rare kind in the wild bacterium, mainly growing in the mountain area, Yunnan, is the superfine product of generally acknowledging in the mountain delicacy.Chicken contains
Fat, protein, carbohydrate, raw fiber, amino acid, several mineral materials and multivitamin are arranged, it is nutritious, tasty, the senior organic food very useful to people's health, be genuine nutrition treasure-house, economic worth is very high, and is often edible, to improving health, prevent disease has a lot of help.Because chicken
Be a kind of wild bacterium that grows in special natural environment, along with the raising of quality of life, people are to wild chicken
Demand more and more, but wild chicken
Output limited, more and more difficulty satisfies people and tastes chicken
Delicious desires.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is to invent a kind of artificial cultivation chicken
Method, particularly invent a kind of by the separation of selecting artificial planting ground, cultivating termite pieces of an egg, bacterial classification cultivate, the construction chicken
The broadcast of the symbiosis pool, bacterial classification, regular maintenance and results chicken
Utilize termite and chicken
Symbiosis mode artificial planting chicken
Method, the required raw material of its plantation solve being easy to, method of operating is simple, grasp easily, once plantation, results repeatedly, the plantation research and development are for satisfying people to chicken
Demand, the resources advantage that becomes Yunnan is significant into economic advantages.
A kind of symbiosis of termite artificial planting of the present invention chicken
Method, it is characterized in that selecting artificial planting ground; Cultivate the termite pieces of an egg; The separation of bacterial classification is cultivated; Build chicken
The symbiosis pool; The broadcast of bacterial classification, regular maintenance and results chicken
1., temperature is at 5 ℃-35 ℃ select the artificial planting place:, annual precipitation is more than 800mm;
2., plantation soil and soil are selected: being chosen in can the wild chicken of growth
The place, red soil the best, soil layer is deep, generally more than 800mm, moistening plot throughout the year, the pH value is between 5.5～7.0;
3., plantation base-material: broad-leaved wood, preferable with walnut, chestnut, water Alnus cremastogyne Burkill, require wooden always for well, tree root, degenerated wooden can, be cut into length and be no more than 70cm, it is standby that liquor potassic permanganate with 0.1% or 0.1% carbendazim disinfection are handled the back.
1., the cultivation place is selected in original length wild chicken is arranged cultivate the termite pieces of an egg:
In the plot of nest;
2., the sisal hemp stalk is cut into the long segmentation of 300mm, as culture base-material;
3., put into the bait of forming with poppy seed 10%～30%, honey 8%～20%, sesame 10%～30%, sucrose 8%～12%, horsebean seed powder 10%～16%, ox blood 10%～14%, bovine bone powder 6%～10% mixture, mix between the sisal hemp stalk, per 100 kilograms of sisal hemp stalks are put 2 kilograms of bait, attract wild termite, then, cover with soil;
4., the termite growth was just arranged therebetween at 15-20 days, the termite pieces of an egg were just arranged after 15-20 days;
5., the sisal hemp stalk that the termite pieces of an egg are arranged is taken out from soil, just can be used as chicken
Plantation is used with the termite pieces of an egg.
The separation of bacterial classification is cultivated: divide three phases, that is: breading protospecies, female kind cultivation, cultivated species are cultivated
(1), breading protospecies: the wild chicken of firm maturation that selected kind is excellent, growing way good, stature is big
Fruit body, clean with sterile water wash, inhale with sterile gauze and to remove surface moisture, make the sporogenic outside of belly downward, be suspended on (chicken in the conical flask that medium is housed
Entity must not contact medium), seal bottleneck with tampon, then, conical flask is put on the pallet, add a cover cloche above, send in the insulating box, keep 20～25 ℃ temperature, cultivate, after 24 hours, will have the ashes of duskiness to occur in media surface, Here it is from chicken
The sporophyte that last bullet falls, this moment is immediately chicken
Fruit body take out, cultivated again 7～10 days, these sporophytes will be grown gradually and are mycelia, and mycelia is chosen, and forward on the test tube medium and cultivate, and promptly get original seed.
(2), the female kind cultivated: after original seed is cultivated both female kind;
(3), cultivated species is cultivated: both got cultivated species after original seed is cultivated.
The prescription of medium: I, pedigree seed culture medium: pedigree seed culture medium prescription: 1000 milliliters of distilled water, agar (agar, peptone powder) 18 grams～22 grams, glucose 18 grams～22 grams, potato 180 grams～220 grams, amino acid 90 grams～110 grams, pH value 5.6～6.2.
II, mother culture media: mother culture media prescription: the walnut wood chip (also can by other broad-leaved wood chip, best with walnut wood chip effect) 33%～37%, bagasse 30%～40%, corncob cellulose 25%～29%, glucose 1.8%～2.2%, land plaster 0.8%～1.2%.
III, cultivated species medium: walnut wood chip (other broad-leaved wood chip also can, best) 45%～55%, bagasse 25%～29%, corncob cellulose 15%～25%, glucose 1.8%～2.2%, land plaster 0.8%～1.2% with walnut wood chip effect.
Chicken
Symbiosis pool step: (1), with the plot by spacing in the rows 800mm, line-spacing 800mm, the pool of getting the dark 700mm of 800mm * 800mm when beating the pool, be removed all weeds in the pool totally;
(2), timber is tiled in the pool by the consumption on 15 kilograms on every pool at the bottom of, as the timber joint sealing material, places two vacuum tubes with the chopping of wheat straw stalk, prepare against and put bacterial classification;
(4), put into the bait of forming with poppy seed 10%～30%, honey 8%～20%, sesame 10%～30%, sucrose 8%～12%, horsebean seed powder 10%～20%, ox blood 10%～14%, bovine bone powder 6%～10% mixture, when bait is made, the various raw material consumptions median of having tried one's best, every pool 15 grams;
(4), put into the termite pieces of an egg,, then, cover as every earth material with the chopping of wheat straw stalk with soil;
(5), do chicken
The symbiosis pool time: the April of annual October-next year, chicken
Be unearthed the back plot hoe pine, in order to chicken
Be unearthed.
Bacterial classification is play: chicken
After the symbiosis pool is carried out 6 months, can play bacterial classification, generally put into along a vacuum tube, after bacterial classification is play 2 months, chicken
Be unearthed.Broadcast bacterial classification effect is better after being selected in annual May.
Chicken of the present invention
The plantation growing environment: growing environment is the plantation chicken
A major issue, the also environmental requirement that should satisfy.Chicken
Grow in neutrality or omit meta-acid soil, the pH value is between 6.0～7.0, and basic soil is not suitable for.The red soil in a lot of places in Yunnan is all more suitable, but phosphorous high soil is not suitable for the chicken of its growth
Poisonous, can not eat.Chicken
Generally be grown in the place that has natural moistening all the year round, but can not be wet excessively, i.e. happiness is moistened and is disliked waterlogging, and happiness is done and is feared dry.Therefore, it mainly is distributed in vast mountain area.
Symbiosis: symbiosis is a chicken
The necessary condition of growth has chicken
Must there be termite in the place of growth, wild chicken
Be materials such as the hormone growth that utilizes termite excrement and termite secretion, termite is then with chicken
The white hypha ball be food.Otherwise, chicken
Mycelium just can not absorb nutriment, fruit body just can not be grown.
To wild chicken
The pool is studied the back and is found, chicken
With symbiosis of termite.Therefore, must cultivate termite, so that build termite and chicken
The symbiosis environment.Growth characteristic:
Termite is the social isoptera insect of a kind of complete metamorphosis type, and its mouthpart prosperity is made a living to gnaw the food that timber etc. contains vegetable fibrin, and dividing has ant kinds such as queen, aner, worker ant, soldier ant, and termite does not generally go out the nest activity daytime, is afraid of sunlight.Therefore, its breeding cultivating process is different with general insect, and it is unsuccessful that a few ant kind is also bred cultivation, puts the termite pieces of an egg of q.s, just can develop into each ant kind.
Under the normal condition, be unearthed in next year 6-9 month in plantation back, and sooner or later influencing that the unearthed time is subjected to that rainwater arrives is bigger, just can be unearthed after having only rainwater under thoroughly, waters one to secondary water, chicken in spring
Go out earlier, some more.After being unearthed, can gather in the crops in 3-5 days.After the plantation once, results only at timber by the termite food to the greatest extent, after termite loses life condition, just need plantation in addition for many years.
Related parameter is many especially, and I am chosen in the wild chicken that can grow now
Place plantation.Since wild chicken
Can self-sow, that also can satisfy the plantation chicken
Basic growth demand.
The invention effect: according to my test and appraisal now, general per mu yield on average about 400 kilograms, is low to moderate 300 kilograms, and fertile in soil property, soil layer is deep, under the situation, per mu yield can reach 700 kilograms to soil moisture preferably.The chicken of planting out
Outward appearance and wild chicken
The same, taste and wild chicken
The same, various nutrition contents are the same, we can say the plantation chicken
With wild chicken
As broad as long.
Description of drawings:
Be described further below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing illustrated embodiment, but protection domain of the present invention is not limited thereto embodiment.
Fig. 1 is a symbiosis of termite method chicken of the present invention
The cultivation plantation flow chart of planting technology.
Embodiment:
Embodiment 1:
One, select the plantation place:
To on-the-spot investigation, check that whether soil be that neutral the pH value is 6 to slant acidity soil, soil thickness 800mm, soil natural humidity is good; Check whether this area has wild chicken
Growth; Check whether surrounding environment has pollution source, whether can be to chicken
Growth impacts; Check water source situation on every side, whether the water pouring is arranged when the sky drought.Generally speaking, if these conditions can meet the demands, just can select and do chicken
Planting site.
Two, educate the termite pieces of an egg:
1., the cultivation place is selected in original length wild chicken is arranged
In the plot of nest;
2., the sisal hemp stalk is cut into the long segmentation of 300mm, as culture base-material, one mu general cultivates 250 sections sisal hemp stalks;
3., put into the bait of forming with poppy seed 20%, honey 15%, sesame 20%, sucrose 10%, horsebean seed powder 15%, ox blood 12%, bovine bone powder 8% mixture, mix between the sisal hemp stalk, per 100 kilograms of sisal hemp stalks are put 2 kilograms of bait, attract wild termite, then, cover with soil;
4., after general 30 days, the sisal hemp stalk is taken out from soil, just can be used as chicken
Plantation is used with the termite pieces of an egg.
Three, prepare plantation base-material timber:
Broad-leaved wood, preferable with walnut, chestnut, water Alnus cremastogyne Burkill, require wooden always for well, tree root, degenerated wooden can, be cut into length and be no more than 70cm, dry standby.
Four, prepare plantation bait:
Put into the bait of forming with poppy seed 20%, honey 15%, sesame 20%, sucrose 10%, horsebean seed powder 15%, ox blood 12%, bovine bone powder 8% mixture, it is standby to make 15 one of gram.
Five, preparation disinfection liquid medicine:
Disinfection liquid medicine is 0.1% liquor potassic permanganate or 0.1% carbendazim.
Six, prepare joint filling, every earth material:
The general wheat straw stalk of using shreds as joint filling, every earth material.
Seven, do the symbiosis pool:
[1], with the plot by spacing in the rows 800mm, line-spacing 800mm, the pool, 220 left and right sides can be made a call to for general every mu in the pool of getting the dark 700mm of 800mm * 800mm, when beating the pool, remove all weeds in the pool totally;
[2], with timber with 0.1% liquor potassic permanganate or 0.1% carbendazim disinfection after, be tiled in the pool by the consumption on 15 kilograms on every pool at the bottom of, as the timber joint sealing material, places two vacuum tubes with the chopping of wheat straw stalk, the mouth of pipe is sealed, prepare against and put bacterial classification;
[3], put into the bait of forming with poppy seed 20%, honey 15%, sesame 20%, sucrose 10%, horsebean seed powder 15%, ox blood 12%, bovine bone powder 8% mixture, every pool 15 grams;
[4], every pool puts into termite pieces of an egg,, then, cover as every earth material with the chopping of wheat straw stalk with soil;
Eight, build and go along with sb. to guard him facility:
Build around in the planting base and go along with sb. to guard him facility, prevent that livestock from trampling, bird enters the termite that pecks at, and also prevents to be entered and brought into germ by livestock and poultry.
Nine, build the pouring water source:
For guaranteeing sky when drought chicken
The symbiosis environment can be not destroyed, generally still has the water source safer, in addition, waters one to secondary water, chicken in spring
Go out earlier, some more.
Ten, symbiosis situation is observed:
After the general symbiosis pool is carried out 60 days, observe the symbiosis situation to about 2% pool number excavation, whether the checking termite survival and reproduction in the pool.
11, the separation of bacterial classification is cultivated:
Carry out on the symbiosis pool, the checking termite behind the survival and reproduction, generally can be considered that the symbiosis success in the pool, can put bacterial classification, therefore, just must carry out the separation of bacterial classification and cultivate:
(1), breading protospecies: the wild chicken of firm maturation that selected kind is excellent, growing way good, stature is big
Fruit body, clean with sterile water wash, inhale with sterile gauze and to remove surface moisture, make the sporogenic outside of belly downward, be suspended on (chicken in the conical flask that medium is housed
Fruit body must not contact medium), seal bottleneck with tampon, then, conical flask is put on the pallet, add a cover cloche above, send in the insulating box, keep 20～25 ℃ temperature, cultivate, after 24 hours, will have the ashes of duskiness to occur in media surface, Here it is from chicken
The sporophyte that last bullet falls, this moment is immediately chicken
Fruit body take out, cultivated again 7～10 days, these sporophytes will be grown gradually and are mycelia, and mycelia is chosen, and forward on the test tube medium and cultivate, and promptly get original seed;
(2), the female kind cultivated: after original seed is cultivated both female kind;
(3), cultivated species is cultivated: both got cultivated species after original seed is cultivated.
The prescription of medium:
I, pedigree seed culture medium: pedigree seed culture medium prescription: 1000 milliliters of distilled water, agar (agar, peptone powder) 20 grams, glucose 20 grams, potato 200 grams, amino acid/11 00 gram, pH value 5.6～6.2.
II, mother culture media: mother culture media prescription: walnut wood chip (other broad-leaved wood chip also can, best) 35%, bagasse 35%, corncob cellulose 27%, glucose 2%, land plaster 1% with walnut wood chip effect.
III, cultivated species medium: walnut wood chip (other broad-leaved wood chip also can, best) 50%, bagasse 27%, corncob cellulose 20%, glucose 2%, land plaster 1% with walnut wood chip effect.
12, bacterial classification is play:
Cultivated species is put into along a vacuum tube, then the mouth of pipe is sealed.
13, chicken
Results:
Bacterial classification was play after 2 months, general chicken
Be unearthed, from be unearthed to receiving about 3 days, chicken
Gathering when cap will be opened is that the best is gathered opportunity, at this moment chicken
Quality is best.
14, chicken
The management of results back:
Generally do not need special management, do not need fertilising yet, spray insecticide,, when the sky drought, water and guarantee chicken as long as water one to secondary water in annual spring
The symbiosis environment can be not destroyed, plays bacterial classification then in annual mid-May.
15, points for attention:
1, when beating the pool, guarantee not to be subjected in the pool foreign object to pollute, all weeds, foreign material, grass roots all will be removed totally.
2, plant chicken
The plot in can also plant short crops of some shallow root types, but can not use chemical fertilizer, can only use farmyard manure by fermentation, ban use of agricultural chemicals, otherwise will influence chicken
Growth, even can cause chicken
Do not go out.
3, when having black ant to breed in a large number, catch and kill black ant, because black ant is the natural enemy of termite.
Embodiment 2:
One, select the plantation place:
To on-the-spot investigation, check that whether soil be that neutral the pH value is 7 to slant acidity soil, whether soil thickness meets the demands, and whether soil natural humidity meets the demands; Check whether this area has wild chicken
Growth; Check whether surrounding environment has pollution source, whether can be to chicken
Growth impacts; Check water source situation on every side, whether the water pouring is arranged when the sky drought.Generally speaking, if these conditions can meet the demands, just can select and do chicken
Planting site.
Two, educate the termite pieces of an egg:
1., the cultivation place is selected in original length wild chicken is arranged
In the plot of nest;
2., the sisal hemp stalk is cut into the long segmentation of 300mm, as culture base-material, one mu general cultivates 250 sections sisal hemp stalks;
3., put into the bait of forming with poppy seed 30%, honey 18%, sesame 15%, sucrose 12%, horsebean seed powder 14%, ox blood 10%, bovine bone powder 6% mixture, mix between the sisal hemp stalk, per 100 kilograms of sisal hemp stalks are put 2 kilograms of bait, attract wild termite, then, cover with soil;
4., after general 30 days, the sisal hemp stalk is taken out from soil, just can be used as chicken
Plantation is used with the termite pieces of an egg.
Three, prepare plantation base-material timber:
Broad-leaved wood, preferable with walnut, chestnut, water Alnus cremastogyne Burkill, require wooden always for well, tree root, degenerated wooden can, be cut into length and be no more than 70cm, dry standby.
Four, prepare plantation bait:
Put into the bait of forming with poppy seed 30%, honey 20%, sesame 14%, sucrose 8%, horsebean seed powder 10%, ox blood 10%, bovine bone powder 6% mixture, it is standby to make 15 one of gram.
Five, preparation disinfection liquid medicine:
Disinfection liquid medicine is 0.1% liquor potassic permanganate or 0.1% carbendazim.
Six, prepare joint filling, every earth material:
The general wheat straw stalk of using shreds as joint filling, every earth material.
Seven, do the symbiosis pool:
[1], with the plot by spacing in the rows 800mm, line-spacing 800mm, the pool, 220 left and right sides can be made a call to for general every mu in the pool of getting the dark 700mm of 800mm * 800mm, when beating the pool, remove all weeds in the pool totally;
[2], with timber with 0.1% liquor potassic permanganate or 0.1% carbendazim disinfection after, be tiled in the pool by the consumption on 15 kilograms on every pool at the bottom of, as the timber joint sealing material, places two vacuum tubes with the chopping of wheat straw stalk, the mouth of pipe is sealed, prepare against and put bacterial classification;
[3], put into the bait of forming with poppy seed 30%, honey 20%, sesame 14%, sucrose 8%, horsebean seed powder 10%, ox blood 10%, bovine bone powder 6% mixture, one of every pool 15 gram.
[4], every pool puts into termite pieces of an egg,, then, cover as every earth material with the chopping of wheat straw stalk with soil;
Eight, build and go along with sb. to guard him facility:
Build around in the planting base and go along with sb. to guard him facility, prevent that livestock from trampling, bird enters the termite that pecks at, and also prevents to be entered and brought into germ by livestock and poultry.
Nine, build the pouring water source:
For guaranteeing sky when drought chicken
The symbiosis environment can be not destroyed, generally still has the water source safer, in addition, waters one to secondary water, chicken in spring
Go out earlier, some more.
Ten, symbiosis situation is observed:
After the general symbiosis pool is carried out 60 days, observe the symbiosis situation to about 2% pool number excavation, whether the checking termite survival and reproduction in the pool.
11, the separation of bacterial classification is cultivated:
Carry out on the symbiosis pool, the checking termite behind the survival and reproduction, generally can be considered that the symbiosis success in the pool, can put bacterial classification, therefore, just must carry out the separation of bacterial classification and cultivate:
(1), breading protospecies: the wild chicken of firm maturation that selected kind is excellent, growing way good, stature is big
Fruit body, clean with sterile water wash, inhale with sterile gauze and to remove surface moisture, make the sporogenic outside of belly downward, be suspended on (chicken in the conical flask that medium is housed
Fruit body must not contact medium), seal bottleneck with tampon, then, conical flask is put on the pallet, add a cover cloche above, send in the insulating box, keep 20～25 ℃ temperature, cultivate, after 24 hours, will have the ashes of duskiness to occur in media surface, Here it is from chicken
The sporophyte that last bullet falls, this moment is immediately chicken
Fruit body take out, cultivated again 7～10 days, these sporophytes will be grown gradually and are mycelia, and mycelia is chosen, and forward on the test tube medium and cultivate, and promptly get original seed;
(2), the female kind cultivated: after original seed is cultivated both female kind;
(3), cultivated species is cultivated: both got cultivated species after original seed is cultivated.
The prescription of medium:
I, pedigree seed culture medium: pedigree seed culture medium prescription: 1000 milliliters of distilled water, agar (agar, peptone powder) 22 grams, glucose 22 grams, potato 220 grams, amino acid/11 10 grams, pH value 5.6～6.2.
II, mother culture media: mother culture media prescription: walnut wood chip (other broad-leaved wood chip also can, best) 37%, bagasse 31%, corncob cellulose 29%, glucose 2.2%, land plaster 0.8% with walnut wood chip effect.
III, cultivated species medium: walnut wood chip (other broad-leaved wood chip also can, best) 55%, bagasse 25%, corncob cellulose 17%, glucose 2.2%, land plaster 0.8% with walnut wood chip effect.
12, bacterial classification is play:
Cultivated species is put into along a vacuum tube, then the mouth of pipe is sealed.
13, chicken
Results:
Bacterial classification was play after 2 months, general chicken
Be unearthed, from be unearthed to receiving about 3 days, chicken
Gathering when cap will be opened is that the best is gathered opportunity, at this moment chicken
Quality is best.
14, chicken
The management of results back:
Generally do not need special management, do not need fertilising yet, spray insecticide,, when the sky drought, water and guarantee chicken as long as water one to secondary water in annual spring
The symbiosis environment can be not destroyed, plays bacterial classification then in annual mid-May.
15, points for attention:
1, when beating the pool, guarantee not to be subjected in the pool foreign object to pollute, all weeds, foreign material, grass roots all will be removed totally.
2, plant chicken
The plot in can also plant short crops of some shallow root types, but can not use chemical fertilizer, can only use farmyard manure by fermentation, ban use of agricultural chemicals, otherwise will influence chicken
Growth, even can cause chicken
Do not go out.
3, when having black ant to breed in a large number, catch and kill black ant, because black ant is the natural enemy of termite.
Embodiment 3:
One, select the plantation place:
As plant 1 mu of ground, to on-the-spot investigation, check whether soil be that neutral whether pH value 5.5 meets the demands to slant acidity soil, and whether soil thickness meets the demands, and whether soil natural humidity meets the demands; Check whether this area has wild chicken
Growth; Check whether surrounding environment has pollution source, whether can be to chicken
Growth impacts; Check water source situation on every side, whether the water pouring is arranged when the sky drought.Generally speaking, if these conditions can meet the demands, just can select and do chicken
Planting site.
Two, educate the termite pieces of an egg:
1., the cultivation place is selected in original length wild chicken is arranged
In the plot of nest;
2., the sisal hemp stalk is cut into the long segmentation of 300mm, as culture base-material, one mu general cultivates 250 sections sisal hemp stalks;
3., put into the bait of forming with poppy seed 10%, honey 17%, sesame 21%, sucrose 12%, horsebean seed powder 16%, ox blood 14%, bovine bone powder 10% mixture, mix between the sisal hemp stalk, per 100 kilograms of sisal hemp stalks are put 2 kilograms of bait, attract wild termite, then, cover with soil;
4., after general 30 days, the sisal hemp stalk is taken out from soil, just can be used as chicken
Plantation is used with the termite pieces of an egg.
Three, prepare plantation base-material timber:
Broad-leaved wood, preferable with walnut, chestnut, water Alnus cremastogyne Burkill, require wooden always for well, tree root, degenerated wooden can, be cut into length and be no more than 70cm, dry standby.
Four, prepare plantation bait:
Put into the bait of forming with poppy seed 10%, honey 8%, sesame 30%, sucrose 8%, horsebean seed powder 20%, ox blood 14%, bovine bone powder 10% mixture, it is standby to make 15 one of gram.
Five, preparation disinfection liquid medicine:
Disinfection liquid medicine is 0.1% permanganic acid clock solution or 0.1% carbendazim.
Six, prepare joint filling, every earth material:
The general wheat straw stalk of using shreds as joint filling, every earth material.
Seven, do the symbiosis pool:
[1], with the plot by spacing in the rows 800mm, line-spacing 800mm, the pool, 220 left and right sides can be made a call to for general every mu in the pool of getting the dark 700mm of 800mm * 800mm, when beating the pool, remove all weeds in the pool totally;
[2], with timber with 0.1% liquor potassic permanganate or 0.1% carbendazim disinfection after, be tiled in the pool by the consumption on 15 kilograms on every pool at the bottom of, as the timber joint sealing material, places two vacuum tubes with the chopping of wheat straw stalk, the mouth of pipe is sealed, prepare against and put bacterial classification;
[3], put into the bait of forming with poppy seed 10%, honey 8%, sesame 30%, sucrose 8%, horsebean seed powder 20%, ox blood 14%, bovine bone powder 10% mixture, every pool 15 grams;
[4], every pool puts into termite pieces of an egg,, then, cover as every earth material with the chopping of wheat straw stalk with soil;
Eight, build and go along with sb. to guard him facility:
Build around in the planting base and go along with sb. to guard him facility, prevent that livestock from trampling, bird enters the termite that pecks at, and also prevents to be entered and brought into germ by livestock and poultry.
Nine, build the pouring water source:
For guaranteeing sky when drought chicken
The symbiosis environment can be not destroyed, generally still has the water source safer, in addition, waters one to secondary water, chicken in spring
Go out earlier, some more.
Ten, symbiosis situation is observed:
After the general symbiosis pool is carried out 60 days, observe the symbiosis situation to about 2% pool number excavation, whether the checking termite survival and reproduction in the pool.
11, the separation of bacterial classification is cultivated:
Carry out on the symbiosis pool, the checking termite behind the survival and reproduction, generally can be considered that the symbiosis success in the pool, can put bacterial classification, therefore, just must carry out the separation of bacterial classification and cultivate:
(1), breading protospecies: the wild chicken of firm maturation that selected kind is excellent, growing way good, stature is big
Fruit body, clean with sterile water wash, inhale with sterile gauze and to remove surface moisture, make the sporogenic outside of belly downward, be suspended on (chicken in the conical flask that medium is housed
Fruit body must not contact medium), seal bottleneck with tampon, then, conical flask is put on the pallet, add a cover cloche above, send in the insulating box, keep 20～25 ℃ temperature, cultivate, after 24 hours, will have the ashes of duskiness to occur in media surface, Here it is from chicken
The sporophyte that last bullet falls, this moment is immediately chicken
Fruit body take out, cultivated again 7～10 days, these sporophytes will be grown gradually and are mycelia, and mycelia is chosen, and forward on the test tube medium and cultivate, and promptly get original seed;
(2), the female kind cultivated: after original seed is cultivated both female kind;
(3), cultivated species is cultivated: both got cultivated species after original seed is cultivated.
The prescription of medium:
I, pedigree seed culture medium: pedigree seed culture medium prescription: 1000 milliliters of distilled water, agar (agar, peptone powder) 18 grams, glucose 18 grams, potato 180 grams, amino acid 90 grams, pH value 5.6～6.2.
II, mother culture media: mother culture media prescription: walnut wood chip (other broad-leaved wood chip also can, best) 33%, bagasse 39%, corncob cellulose 25%, glucose 1.8%, land plaster 1.2% with walnut wood chip effect.
III, cultivated species medium: walnut wood chip (other broad-leaved wood chip also can, best) 45%, bagasse 29%, corncob cellulose 23%, glucose 1.8%, land plaster 1.2% with walnut wood chip effect.
12, bacterial classification is play:
Cultivated species is put into along a vacuum tube, then the mouth of pipe is sealed.
13, chicken
Results:
Bacterial classification was play after 2 months, general chicken
Be unearthed, from be unearthed to receiving about 3 days, chicken
Gathering when cap will be opened is that the best is gathered opportunity, at this moment chicken
Quality is best.
14, chicken
The management of results back:
Generally do not need special management, do not need fertilising yet, spray insecticide,, when the sky drought, water and guarantee chicken as long as water one to secondary water in annual spring
The symbiosis environment can be not destroyed, plays bacterial classification then in annual mid-May.
15, points for attention:
1, when beating the pool, guarantee not to be subjected in the pool foreign object to pollute, all weeds, foreign material, grass roots all will be removed totally.
2, plant chicken
The plot in can also plant short crops of some shallow root types, but can not use chemical fertilizer, can only use farmyard manure by fermentation, ban use of agricultural chemicals, otherwise will influence chicken
Growth, even can cause chicken
Do not go out.
3, when having black ant to breed in a large number, catch and kill black ant, because black ant is the natural enemy of termite.
Embodiment 4:
One, select the plantation place:
To on-the-spot investigation, check that whether soil be that neutral the pH value is 6.2 to slant acidity soil, whether soil thickness meets the demands, and whether soil natural humidity meets the demands; Check whether this area has wild chicken
Growth; Check whether surrounding environment has pollution source, whether can be to chicken
Growth impacts; Check water source situation on every side, whether the water pouring is arranged when the sky drought.Generally speaking, if these conditions can meet the demands, just can select and do chicken
Planting site.
Two, educate the termite pieces of an egg:
1., the cultivation place is selected in original length wild chicken is arranged
In the plot of nest;
2., the sisal hemp stalk is cut into the long segmentation of 300mm, as culture base-material, one mu general cultivates 250 sections sisal hemp stalks;
3., put into the bait of forming with poppy seed 25%, honey 18%, sesame 15%, sucrose 12%, horsebean seed powder 14%, ox blood 10%, bovine bone powder 6% mixture, mix between the sisal hemp stalk, per 100 kilograms of sisal hemp stalks are put 2 kilograms of bait, attract wild termite, then, cover with soil;
4., after general 30 days, the sisal hemp stalk is taken out from soil, just can be used as chicken
Plantation is used with the termite pieces of an egg.
Three, prepare plantation base-material timber:
Broad-leaved wood, preferable with walnut, chestnut, water Alnus cremastogyne Burkill, require wooden always for well, tree root, degenerated wooden can, be cut into length and be no more than 70cm, dry standby.
Four, prepare plantation bait:
Put into the bait of forming with poppy seed 30%, honey 20%, sesame 10%, sucrose 8%, horsebean seed powder 13%, ox blood 13%, bovine bone powder 6% mixture, it is standby to make 15 one of gram.
Five, preparation disinfection liquid medicine:
Disinfection liquid medicine is 0.1% liquor potassic permanganate or 0.1% carbendazim.
Six, prepare joint filling, every earth material:
The general wheat straw stalk of using shreds as joint filling, every earth material.
Seven, do the symbiosis pool:
[1], with the plot by spacing in the rows 800mm, line-spacing 800mm, the pool, 220 left and right sides can be made a call to for general every mu in the pool of getting the dark 700mm of 800mm * 800mm, when beating the pool, remove all weeds in the pool totally;
[2], with timber with 0.1% liquor potassic permanganate or 0.1% carbendazim disinfection after, be tiled in the pool by the consumption on 15 kilograms on every pool at the bottom of, as the timber joint sealing material, places two vacuum tubes with the chopping of wheat straw stalk, the mouth of pipe is sealed, prepare against and put bacterial classification;
[3], put into the bait of forming with poppy seed 30%, honey 20%, sesame 10%, sucrose 8%, horsebean seed powder 13%, ox blood 13%, bovine bone powder 6% mixture, one of every pool 15 gram.
[4], every pool puts into termite pieces of an egg,, then, cover as every earth material with the chopping of wheat straw stalk with soil;
Eight, build and go along with sb. to guard him facility:
Build around in the planting base and go along with sb. to guard him facility, prevent that livestock from trampling, bird enters the termite that pecks at, and also prevents to be entered and brought into germ by livestock and poultry.
Nine, build the pouring water source:
For guaranteeing sky when drought chicken
The symbiosis environment can be not destroyed, generally still has the water source safer, in addition, waters one to secondary water, chicken in spring
Go out earlier, some more.
Ten, symbiosis situation is observed:
After the general symbiosis pool is carried out 60 days, observe the symbiosis situation to about 2% pool number excavation, whether the checking termite survival and reproduction in the pool.
11, the separation of bacterial classification is cultivated:
Carry out on the symbiosis pool, the checking termite behind the survival and reproduction, generally can be considered that the symbiosis success in the pool, can put bacterial classification, therefore, just must carry out the separation of bacterial classification and cultivate:
(1) breading protospecies: the wild chicken of firm maturation that selected kind is excellent, growing way good, stature is big
Fruit body, clean with sterile water wash, inhale with sterile gauze and to remove surface moisture, make the sporogenic outside of belly downward, be suspended on (chicken in the conical flask that medium is housed
Fruit body must not contact medium), seal bottleneck with tampon, then, conical flask is put on the pallet, add a cover cloche above, send in the insulating box, keep 20～25 ℃ temperature, cultivate, after 24 hours, will have the ashes of duskiness to occur in media surface, Here it is from chicken
The sporophyte that last bullet falls, this moment is immediately chicken
Fruit body take out, cultivated again 7～10 days, these sporophytes will be grown gradually and are mycelia, and mycelia is chosen, and forward on the test tube medium and cultivate, and promptly get original seed;
(2), the female kind cultivated: after original seed is cultivated both female kind;
(3), cultivated species is cultivated: both got cultivated species after original seed is cultivated.
The prescription of medium:
I, pedigree seed culture medium: pedigree seed culture medium prescription: 1000 milliliters of distilled water, agar (agar, peptone powder) 22 grams, glucose 22 grams, potato 220 grams, amino acid/11 10 grams, pH value 5.6～6.2.
II, mother culture media: mother culture media prescription: walnut wood chip (other broad-leaved wood chip also can, best) 37%, bagasse 31%, corncob cellulose 29%, glucose 2.2%, land plaster 0.8% with walnut wood chip effect.
III, cultivated species medium: walnut wood chip (other broad-leaved wood chip also can, best) 55%, bagasse 25%, corncob cellulose 17%, glucose 2.2%, land plaster 0.8% with walnut wood chip effect.
12, bacterial classification is play:
Cultivated species is put into along a vacuum tube, then the mouth of pipe is sealed.
13, chicken
Results:
Bacterial classification was play after 2 months, general chicken
Be unearthed, from be unearthed to receiving about 3 days, chicken
Gathering when cap will be opened is that the best is gathered opportunity, at this moment chicken
Quality is best.
14, chicken
The management of results back:
Generally do not need special management, do not need fertilising yet, spray insecticide,, when the sky drought, water and guarantee chicken as long as water one to secondary water in annual spring
The symbiosis environment can be not destroyed, plays bacterial classification then in annual mid-May.
15, points for attention:
1, when beating the pool, guarantee not to be subjected in the pool foreign object to pollute, all weeds, foreign material, grass roots all will be removed totally.
2, plant chicken
The plot in can also plant short crops of some shallow root types, but can not use chemical fertilizer, can only use farmyard manure by fermentation, ban use of agricultural chemicals, otherwise will influence chicken
Growth, even can cause chicken
Do not go out.
3, when having black ant to breed in a large number, catch and kill black ant, because black ant is the natural enemy of termite.
From above technical data as can be seen, symbiosis of termite method plantation chicken
Do not build the bacterium bed, do not build booth, plantation in the open in natural surroundings; manage simple and convenient; need not professional's on-the-spot instruction at any time, general peasant can grasp hints on operation after short-term cultivation; it is a planting technology easy to implement; be easy to promote, be fit to large-scale planting production, can be used for the mature technology of actual production; it has been filled up in a blank of utilizing aspect the living resources of rich brown, has very high practical value.
Because not applying pesticides, chemical fertilizer have just guaranteed that from production link product is not contaminated purely, we can say, with the chicken of this technology production
Certainly be the organic food that meets national standard.In addition, the plantation chicken
The time, can also plant short crops of some other shallow root type, be actually the availability that has improved the soil.
Claims (10)
1. symbiosis of termite artificial planting chicken
Method, it is characterized in that selecting artificial planting ground; Cultivate the termite pieces of an egg; The separation of bacterial classification is cultivated; Build chicken
The symbiosis pool; The broadcast of bacterial classification; Regular maintenance and results chicken
2. symbiosis of termite artificial planting chicken according to claim 1
Method, it is characterized in that selecting the artificial planting place:
1., temperature is at 5 ℃-35 ℃, annual precipitation is more than 800mm;
2., plantation soil and soil are selected: being chosen in can the wild chicken of growth
The place, red soil, soil layer is deep, more than 800mm, long-term moistening plot, pH value is between 5.5～7.0;
3., plantation use base-material: require the tree root of wooden older broad-leaved wood, broad-leaved wood or the broad-leaved wood of having degenerated wooden, be cut into length and be no more than 70cm, liquor potassic permanganate with 0.1% or the processing of 0.1% carbendazim disinfection are afterwards standby.
3. symbiosis of termite artificial planting chicken according to claim 1
Method, it is characterized in that cultivating the termite pieces of an egg:
1., the cultivation place is selected in original length wild chicken is arranged
In the plot of nest;
2., the sisal hemp stalk is cut into the long segmentation of 300mm, as culture base-material;
3., put into the bait of forming with poppy seed 10%～30%, honey 8%～20%, sesame 10%～30%, sucrose 8%～12%, horsebean seed powder 10%～16%, ox blood 10%～14%, bovine bone powder 6%～10% mixture, mix between the sisal hemp stalk, per 100 kilograms of sisal hemp stalks are put bait and are attracted wild termite for 2 kilograms, then, cover with soil;
4., the termite growth was just arranged therebetween at 15-20 days, the termite pieces of an egg were just arranged after 15-20 days;
5., the sisal hemp stalk that the termite pieces of an egg are arranged is taken out from soil, just can be used as chicken
Plantation is used with the termite pieces of an egg.
4. symbiosis of termite artificial planting chicken according to claim 1
Method, it is characterized in that the separation of bacterial classification is cultivated: divide three phases, that is: breading protospecies, female plant cultivate, cultivated species cultivates
(1), breading protospecies: the wild chicken of firm maturation that selected kind is excellent, growing way good, stature is big
Fruit body, clean with sterile water wash, inhale with sterile gauze and to remove surface moisture, make the sporogenic outside of belly downward, be suspended in the conical flask that medium is housed chicken
Fruit body must not contact medium, seals bottleneck with tampon, then, conical flask is put on the pallet, add a cover cloche above, send in the insulating box, keep 20～25 ℃ temperature, cultivate, after 24 hours, will have the ashes of duskiness to occur in media surface, Here it is from chicken
The sporophyte that last bullet falls, this moment is immediately chicken
Fruit body take out, cultivated again 7～10 days, these sporophytes will be grown gradually and are mycelia, and mycelia is chosen, and forward on the test tube medium and cultivate, and promptly get original seed;
(2), the female kind cultivated: promptly get female kind after original seed is cultivated;
(3), cultivated species is cultivated: promptly get cultivated species after original seed is cultivated.
5. symbiosis of termite artificial planting chicken according to claim 4
Method, it is characterized in that the prescription of medium:
I, pedigree seed culture medium: pedigree seed culture medium prescription: 1000 milliliters of distilled water, agar 18 grams～22 grams, glucose 18 grams～22 grams, potato 180 grams～220 grams, amino acid 90 grams～110 grams, pH value 5.6～6.2;
II, mother culture media: mother culture media prescription: walnut wood chip 33%～37%, bagasse 30%～40%, corncob cellulose 25%～29%, glucose 1.8%～2.2%, land plaster 0.8%～1.2%;
III, cultivated species medium: broad-leaved wood chip, 45%～55%, bagasse 25%～29%, corncob cellulose 15%～25%, glucose 1.8%～2.2%, land plaster 0.8%～1.2%.
6. symbiosis of termite artificial planting chicken according to claim 1
Method, it is characterized in that chicken
Symbiosis pool step:
(1), with the plot by spacing in the rows 800mm, line-spacing 800mm, the pool of getting the dark 700mm of 800mm * 800mm when beating the pool, be removed all weeds in the pool totally;
(2), timber is tiled in the pool by the consumption on 15 kilograms on every pool at the bottom of, as the timber joint sealing material, places two vacuum tubes with the chopping of wheat straw stalk, prepare against and put bacterial classification;
(3), put into the bait of forming with poppy seed 10%～30%, honey 8%～20%, sesame 10%～30%, sucrose 8%～12%, horsebean seed powder 10%～20%, ox blood 10%～14%, bovine bone powder 6%～10% mixture, when bait is made, every pool 15 grams;
(4), put into the termite pieces of an egg,, then, cover as every earth material with the chopping of wheat straw stalk with soil;
(5), do chicken
The symbiosis pool time: annual October and the April of next year, chicken
Be unearthed the back plot hoe pine, in order to chicken
Be unearthed.
7. according to claim 1 or 6 described symbiosis of termite artificial planting chickens
Method, it is characterized in that bacterial classification plays: chicken
After the symbiosis pool is carried out 6 months, can play bacterial classification, put into along a vacuum tube, after bacterial classification is play 2 months, chicken
Be unearthed.
8. symbiosis of termite artificial planting chicken according to claim 7
Method, it is characterized in that being selected in that to play bacterial classification after annual May effective.
9. according to claim 2 or 5 described symbiosis of termite artificial planting chickens
Method, it is characterized in that described broad-leaved wood/bits are good with walnut, chestnut, water Alnus cremastogyne Burkill, described agar is agar or peptone powder.
10. symbiosis of termite artificial planting chicken according to claim 6
Method, when it is characterized in that described bait is made, various raw materials are with measuring median.
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| CN103004454A (en) * | 2011-09-21 | 2013-04-03 | 陈云 | Pure artificial cultivation method of terminate series termitomyces albuminosus |
| CN102487726B (en) * | 2011-12-21 | 2013-06-12 | 云南大学 | Rapid preparation method of termitomyces robustus strain |
| CN102783363B (en) * | 2012-08-30 | 2013-07-24 | 张学西 | Artificial breeding method of termite mushroom |
| CN105474995A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-04-13 | 镇江盛弘景观植物有限公司 | Cultivation and domestication method of wild collybia albuminosa |
| CN106576908A (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-04-26 | 广州聚禅现代农业研究院有限公司 | Method for culturing litchi chinensis bacterium by utilizing extract of auricularia polytricha culture medium |
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| CN107409759B (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2020-11-10 | 蒋砚青 | Termite and termitomyces albuminosus symbiotic environment simulation device and system |
| CN107484551A (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2017-12-19 | 蒋砚青 | A kind of analogy method of termite collybia albuminosa symbiotic environment |
| CN107646515A (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2018-02-02 | 山东省科创食用菌产业技术研究院 | A kind of Termitomyces albuminosus with black skin cultural method |
| CN107493972B (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2020-05-19 | 张学西 | Pure artificial cultivation method of termite series termitomyces albuminosus |
| CN107493975A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2017-12-22 | 贵州棒棒食用菌产业有限公司 | A kind of collybia albuminosa symbiosis of termite cultural method |
| CN107484554B (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2020-06-26 | 贵州棒棒食用菌产业有限公司 | Artificial termitomyces albuminosus cultivation method |
| CN107624497A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2018-01-26 | 贵州棒棒食用菌产业有限公司 | A kind of indoor collybia albuminosa symbiosis of termite cultural method |
| CN109328863B (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2021-04-02 | 云南省林业科学院 | Cultivation method for improving termitomyces albuminosus yield |
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