CN1959299A - Multifunctional integrative system of light-volt solar heat pump - Google Patents
Multifunctional integrative system of light-volt solar heat pump Download PDFInfo
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- CN1959299A CN1959299A CNA2006101143949A CN200610114394A CN1959299A CN 1959299 A CN1959299 A CN 1959299A CN A2006101143949 A CNA2006101143949 A CN A2006101143949A CN 200610114394 A CN200610114394 A CN 200610114394A CN 1959299 A CN1959299 A CN 1959299A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
A photovoltaic solar energy heat pump is prepared as converting partial received solar radiation to be electric energy directly by PV/T evaporator and absorbing another partial solar radiation by refrigerant working media in heat energy mode, making refrigeration working media at outlet of PV/T evaporator to be overheat state after it is absorbed with heat energy, sending it into compressor to raise its pressure and temperature and sending it to condenser for releasing heat then sending it to throttle element for changing it to be two-phase mixture with low pressure and low temperature and finally entering PV/T evaporator again.
Description
Technical field
(PV/T SolarAssisted Heat Pump PV/T-SAHP), belongs to field of solar energy utilization to the present invention relates to a kind of multifunctional integrative system of light-volt solar heat pump.
Background technology
The use of solar heat pump can reduce the usage ratio of conventional energy resource in the building energy consumption, has extremely profound significance for the solution of seeking the energy and environment two great society problems.American scholar T .L.Freeman, J.W.Mitchell and T.E.Audit, Performance of combinedsolar-heat pump systems.Solar Energy Vol22, pp125-135,1979 and R.C.Bosio and N.V.Suryanara, Solar-assisted heat pump system:aparametric study for space heating of a characteristic house inMadison, Wisconsin ASME WA/SOL-8,1975 solar energy heat pump system (the Solar Assisted Heat Pump that early propose in eighties of last century seventies, SAHP) in, in this system, directly use solar irradiation as source heat pump heat, improved evaporating pressure and evaporating temperature, made the coefficient of performance of heat pump compare and be significantly improved with conventional heat pump.Then other scholars have also carried out research both at home and abroad, as M.Chandrashekar, N.T.Le, H.F.Sullivan et al., A Comparative studyof solar assisted heat pump systems for Canadian Iocations.Solar EnergyVol.28, No.3, pp.217-226,1982; S.Kugle, S.Green, A.Haji-sheikh et al, Performance of solar assisted heat pump systems in residentialapplications.Solar Energy Vol.32, No.2, pp 169-179,1984; S.K.Chaturvedi and James Y.Shen, Thermal performance of directexpansion solar-assisted heat pump.Solar Energy Vol.33, No.2, pp.155-162,1984; M.P.O ' dell, J.W.Mitchell, W.A.Beckman, Designmethod and performance of heat pump with refrigerant-filled solarcollectors.Journal of Solar Energy Engineering, Vol.106, pp.159-164,1984; G.L.Morrision, Simulation of packaged solar heat pump waterheaters.Solar Energy, Vol.53, No.3, pp.249-257,1994; S.K.Chaturvedi, D.T.Chen and A.Kheireddine, Thermal performance of a variablecapacity direct expansion solar-assisted heat pump.Energy Convers.Mgmt Vol.39, No.3/4, pp.181-191,1998; B.J.Huang and J.P.Chyng, Performance characteristics of type solar-assisted heat pump.SolarEnergy Vol.71, No.6, pp.403-414,2001; M.Hawlader, S.Chou, M.Ullah, The performance of assisted heat pump water heating system.AppliedThermal Engineering, Vol.21, pp.1049-1057,2001; J.G.Cervantes, E.Torres-Reyes, Experiments on a solar-assisted heat pump and an energyanalysis of the system.Applied Thermal Engineering.Vol.22, pp1289-1297,2002; Viorel Badescu, First and second law analysis of solarassisted heat pump based heating system.Energy Conversion andManagement Vol.43, pp.2539-2552,2002; Zhao Jun, Liu Liping, Li Lixin etc., R134a is applied to direct expansion solar-assisted heat pump system, University Of Tianjin's journal, Vol.33, No.3, pp.301-305,2000; Spacious beautiful brightness, Wang Ruzhu, Yu Liqiang, the experimental study of solar heat pump heating system, solar energy journal, Vol.23, No.4, pp.408-413,2002; Yu Yanshun, Lian Leming, the discussion of cold district solar energy-soil source heat pump system method of operation, solar energy journal, Vol.24, No.1, pp.111-115,2003; Bai Li, Zhang Ximing, Yu Liqiang, the experimental study of SOLAR ASSISTED HEAT PUMP SYSTEM FOR HOT WATER SUPPLY, low temperature Building technology, Vol.2, pp.57-58,2003.Above-mentioned these results of study also show, solar energy heat pump system has good environmental protection and energy saving effect and development potentiality, mostly be as heat-carrying agent with water or air to the research of PV/T in the past, because the temperature of water or air is higher, therefore cooling effect is unsatisfactory, and the photoelectric transformation efficiency of battery also-directly is difficult to reach higher level; Must there be the external power supply in the steam compression heat pump system when operation in addition, and this has limited its scope of application to a certain extent.
In the existing solar heat pump patent, as solar heat pump air conditioner system and solar energy+air-source heat pump air conditioning system 02117298.6, solar heat pump air conditioner 02219389.8, the solar heat pump hot system 02239555.5 of freezing has generally just utilized the long wave part of solar energy, fails solar energy is carried out photoelectricity, photo-thermal comprehensive utilization.
Summary of the invention
Technology of the present invention is dealt with problems: overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of multifunctional integrative system of light-volt solar heat pump is proposed, this system combines heat pump techniques and solar photoelectric, solar thermal utilization, improved the comprehensive utilization ratio of solar energy, have heating simultaneously, freeze, heat multifunctionalities such as water, utilize the electrical power storage technology can reduce and even overcome the dependence of solar energy heat pump system, enlarged the adaptability and the range of application of solar energy heat pump system outside supply of electric power.
Technical solution of the present invention: multifunctional integrative system of light-volt solar heat pump, it is characterized in that: mainly comprise compressor, water-cooled condenser, air-cooled condenser, restricting element, the PV/T evaporimeter, air-cooled evaporimeter and photovoltaic control system, water-cooled condenser and air-cooled condenser be connected in parallel (what purpose is), respectively as producing the heat exchanger that life is used with hot water or room heating, PV/T evaporimeter and air-cooled evaporimeter are connected in parallel, insufficient or when not having solar radiation in solar radiation, from the absorption of air heat, replenish as one of the PV/T evaporimeter; The output of PV/T evaporimeter is connected with photovoltaic control system, the PV/T evaporimeter directly changes into electric energy to a solar energy part that receives, a part is absorbed with cooled dose of working medium of the form of heat energy, some is dissipated in the air, after the heat absorption of PV/T evaporator outlet refrigeration working medium, become superheat state, enter compressor then, be raised the cold condenser of laggard entry or air-cooled condenser is emitted heat at temperature, pressure, the throttle part of flowing through subsequently, become all lower two-phase mixture of temperature and pressure, enter the PV/T evaporimeter at last and finish a circulation; Photovoltaic control system becomes the direct current that produces in the PV/T evaporimeter into alternating current, and external load uses, or is used for direct drive compression machine; Water-cooled condenser or air-cooled condenser liberated heat become the higher life hot water of temperature after being absorbed by water, and perhaps the air of heat rooms heats to the room.By switching the flow direction of refrigeration working medium, this system can also realize the function of refrigeration in summer.
The present invention's advantage compared with prior art is: the present invention is integral the evaporimeter combination of photovoltaic module and heat pump assembly, make solar energy be carried out comprehensive utilization from photoelectricity, two aspects of photo-thermal, it is when having inherited traditional solar heat pump advantage, improved the comprehensive utilization ratio of solar energy greatly, having remedied solar energy heat pump system must have the scarce of external power supply to shake, and its advantage is as follows:
(1) compare with the generating efficiency 10% of common photovoltaic system, generating efficiency of the present invention has improved 30.1%.This mainly is because PV assembly and evaporator with heat pump are combined into one, and the heat of evaporation of heat pump fluid absorbs and makes the temperature of PV assembly be starkly lower than the operating temperature of normal optical photovoltaic assembly, and photoelectric efficiency is improved.Calculate also and show the whole day evenly heat efficiency eta of PV/T evaporimeter
tBe 62.5%, the average electrical efficiency eta of whole day
eBe 13.1%, then whole day photovoltaic/thermal overall efficiency is compared with the thermal efficiency 45.0% of regular solar device up to 75.6%, and the PV/T-SAHP system has improved 68% to the comprehensive utilization ratio of solar energy.
(2) because evaporator with heat pump by the sunlight direct irradiation, evaporating temperature of the present invention will be higher than common heat pump, coefficient of performance COP also has obvious lifting than the ordinary hot pumping system.Calculating shows that average COP of the present invention is 4.66, and apparently higher than ordinary hot pump performance coefficient 3.25 (test datas under 25 ℃ of conditions of environment temperature), COP has improved 43.0% under the condition of similarity.
(3) to whole system, the operation consumed power of heat pump assembly, photovoltaic module can be exported electric energy, and both differences are only the actual power consumption amount of system.As calculated, produce same heat, the present invention moves power consumption and only reaches 1/6 of common air-cooled heat pump.And, in the actual motion, if the heat pump compressor intermitten service can also obtain certain clean electric weight output.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a theory diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the front view of PV/T evaporimeter of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the side view of PV/T evaporimeter of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of air-cooled evaporimeter of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a control system structure chart of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is a heat pump thermodynamic cycle process schematic diagram of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention is made up of compressor 1, water-cooled condenser 2, air-cooled condenser 3, restricting element 4, PV/T evaporimeter 5, air-cooled evaporimeter 6, photovoltaic control system 7, water-cooled condenser 2 and air-cooled condenser 3 are connected in parallel, respectively as producing the heat exchanger that life is used with hot water or room heating, PV/T evaporimeter 5 and air-cooled evaporimeter 6 are connected in parallel, insufficient or when not having solar radiation in solar radiation, from the absorption of air heat, replenish as of PV/T evaporimeter 5; The output of PV/T evaporimeter 5 is connected with photovoltaic control system 7, PV/T evaporimeter 5 directly changes into electric energy to a solar energy part that receives, a part is absorbed with cooled dose of working medium of the form of heat energy, some is dissipated in the air, after the 5 outlet refrigeration working medium heat absorptions of PV/T evaporimeter, become superheat state, enter compressor 1 then, be raised the cold condenser 2 of laggard entry or air-cooled condenser 3 is emitted heat at temperature, pressure, the throttle part 4 of flowing through subsequently, become all lower two-phase mixture of temperature and pressure, enter PV/T evaporimeter 5 at last and finish a circulation; Photovoltaic control system 7 becomes the direct current that produces in the PV/T evaporimeter 5 into alternating current, and external load uses, or is used for direct drive compression machine 1; Water-cooled condenser 2 or air-cooled condenser 3 liberated heats become the higher life hot water of temperature after being absorbed by water, and perhaps the air of heat rooms heats to the room.
Thermodynamic cycle process of the present invention is as shown in Figure 6: the cold-producing medium working medium after in water-cooled condenser 2 or air-cooled condenser 3, being condensed at first behind throttling process g-h temperature, pressure reduce, become the two-phase state, enter the working medium coil pipe 53 of PV/T evaporimeter 5 then, in PV evaporimeter 5,, fully reach superheat state point b after the heat exchange through process h-a-b endothermic gasification progressively; Arrive compressor 1 discharge state point c after compressed machine 1 compression of overheated gas heats up, enter condensing heat exchanger simultaneously; Process c-e-f-g is the condensation process of working medium in condensing heat exchanger, reaches supercooled state at water-cooled condenser 2 or air-cooled condenser 3 exits; Cross cold working medium subsequently and enter restricting element 4 again, begin new circulation.The present invention is by the combination of photovoltaic generating system and evaporator with heat pump, improved the heat absorption efficiency of photoelectric transformation efficiency and evaporimeter, the combination property of system is greatly improved, utilize the minimizing of electrical power storage technology simultaneously and even overcome the dependence of solar energy heat pump system, enlarged the adaptability and the range of application of solar energy heat pump system outside supply of electric power.
As shown in Figure 2, PV/T evaporimeter 5 of the present invention is made of photovoltaic cell 51, thermal conductive metal plate 52, working medium coil pipe 53, heat insulation layer 54 and aluminum frame 55, photovoltaic PV battery 51 fits tightly together with thermal conductive metal plate 52, the working medium coil pipe 53 parallel back sides that are connected on thermal conductive metal plate 52, heat conduction is good between photovoltaic cell 51, thermal conductive metal plate 52, working medium coil pipe 53 threes, the back side of thermal conductive metal plate 52 has heat insulation layer 54 to go along with sb. to guard him, and is fixing with aluminum frame 55 around the whole module.When solar irradiation is mapped to the PV evaporator surface, a part of solar energy is directly changed into electric energy by PV battery 51, and all the other major parts are absorbed by thermal conductive metal plate 52, pass to cold-producing medium by working medium coil pipe 53 then.Heat insulation layer 54 effective prevention heats at the back side scatter and disappear to environment, and 55 pairs of whole modules of aluminum frame play effective fixation.Working medium coil pipe 53 and thermal conductive metal plate 52 be connected with following several mode: (1) working medium coil pipe 53 directly is welded on the back side of thermal conductive metal plate 52, and photovoltaic cell 1 overlays the front at thermal conductive metal plate 52; (2) working medium coil pipe 53 is embedded into earlier in the viscose glue thin aluminum sheet that " Ω " groove is arranged, and then the viscose glue thin aluminum sheet is sticked on the back side of thermal conductive metal plate 52, and photovoltaic cell is pressed 1 front that is attached to thermal conductive metal plate 52.
As shown in Figure 4, air-cooled evaporimeter 6 is a supplementary heat exchanger, opens when terrestrial solar radiation such as overcast and rainy is more weak, absorbs the deficiency that heat remedies PV/T evaporimeter 5 caloric receptivities from environment, guarantees the normal operation of heat pump.Air-cooled evaporimeter 6 is made up of cold-producing medium copper pipe 63, fin 61, aerofoil fan 62 etc.Air flows through from 61 of the fins of air-cooled evaporimeter 6, and heat passes to cold-producing medium by fin 61 and copper pipe 63, and aerofoil fan 62 can strengthen the flowing velocity of air, reaches the purpose that strengthens heat exchange.
As shown in Figure 5, photovoltaic control system 7 is made up of controller 71, batteries 72, inverter 73, the direct current that photovoltaic controller 71 produces photovoltaic cell 51, mode with level pressure flows to batteries 72, become alternating current by inverter 73 then, external load uses, and also can be used for direct drive compression machine 1, make system become an autonomous system, thereby reduce dependence utility network.
Restricting element 4 is a known elements, as expansion valve or capillary.
Water-cooled condenser has multiple, what adopt among the present invention is plate type heat exchanger, also can adopt shell-and-tube, bushing type or coiled, but with the plate type heat exchanger best results.
The structure of air-cooled condenser and the structure of air-cooled evaporimeter are similar, are known elements.
The course of work of the present invention: when solar radiation is better, 5 operations of PV/T evaporimeter, the electric energy that produces in the photovoltaic cell 1 can be transported in the electrical network behind battery 72 and inverter 73, perhaps supplies with compressor 1, realizes the independent operating of system.Can utilize water-cooled condenser 2 to produce life at condensation end simultaneously uses hot water, perhaps utilizes 3 pairs of rooms of air-cooled condenser to heat.Overcast and rainy when waiting solar radiation more weak when running into, start air-cooled evaporimeter 6, from environment, absorb heat by air-cooled evaporimeter 6, thereby the energy safeguards system still can operate as normal.
Claims (4)
1, multifunctional integrative system of light-volt solar heat pump, it is characterized in that: mainly comprise compressor (1), water-cooled condenser (2), air-cooled condenser (3), restricting element (4), PV/T evaporimeter (5), air-cooled evaporimeter (6) and photovoltaic control system (7), water-cooled condenser (2) and air-cooled condenser (3) are connected in parallel, respectively as producing the heat exchanger that life is used with hot water or room heating, PV/T evaporimeter (5) and air-cooled evaporimeter (6) are connected in parallel, insufficient or when not having solar radiation in solar radiation, from the absorption of air heat, replenish as one of PV/T evaporimeter (5); The output of PV/T evaporimeter (5) is connected with photovoltaic control system (7), PV/T evaporimeter (5) directly changes into electric energy to a solar energy part that receives, a part is absorbed with cooled dose of working medium of the form of heat energy, some is dissipated in the air, after the heat absorption of PV/T evaporimeter (5) outlet refrigeration working medium, become superheat state, enter compressor (1) then, be raised the cold condenser of laggard entry (2) or air-cooled condenser (3) is emitted heat at temperature, pressure, the throttle part (4) of flowing through subsequently, become all lower two-phase mixture of temperature and pressure, enter PV/T evaporimeter (5) at last and finish a circulation; Photovoltaic control system (7) becomes the direct current that produces in the PV/T evaporimeter (5) into alternating current, and external load uses, or is used for direct drive compression machine (1); Water-cooled condenser (2) or air-cooled condenser (3) liberated heat become the higher life hot water of temperature after being absorbed by water, and perhaps the air of heat rooms heats to the room.
2, multifunctional integrative system of light-volt solar heat pump according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described PV/T evaporimeter (5) is by photovoltaic cell (51), thermal conductive metal plate (52), working medium coil pipe (53), heat insulation layer (54) and aluminum frame (55) constitute, photovoltaic cell (51) fits tightly together with thermal conductive metal plate (52), the parallel back side that is connected thermal conductive metal plate (52) of working medium coil pipe (53), photovoltaic cell (51), thermal conductive metal plate (52), heat conduction is good between working medium coil pipe (53) three, the back side of thermal conductive metal plate (52) has heat insulation layer (54) to go along with sb. to guard him, fixing around the whole module with aluminum frame (55), when solar irradiation is mapped to the PV evaporator surface, part solar energy is directly changed into electric energy by photovoltaic cell (51), (520 absorb all the other major parts by thermal conductive metal plate, pass to cold-producing medium by working medium coil pipe (53) then, the heat insulation layer at the back side (54) effectively stops heat to the scattering and disappearing of environment, and aluminum frame (55) plays effective fixation to whole module.
3, multifunctional integrative system of light-volt solar heat pump according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described air-cooled evaporimeter (6) is by cold-producing medium copper pipe (63), fin (61), aerofoil fan (62) is formed, cold-producing medium copper pipe (63) vertically passes from interval fin (61) bunch, and the two is combined closely, to reduce thermal contact resistance, air flows through between fin (61), heat passes to cold-producing medium by fin (61) and cold-producing medium copper pipe (63), the aerofoil fan (62) that is arranged in copper pipe (63) and fin (61) the place ahead can strengthen the flowability of air, reaches the purpose that strengthens heat exchange.
4, multifunctional integrative system of light-volt solar heat pump according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described photovoltaic control system (7) mainly comprises: controller (71), batteries (72), inverter (73) is formed, the direct current that photovoltaic controller (71) produces photovoltaic cell (51) in the PV/T evaporimeter 5, mode with level pressure flows to batteries (72), (730 become alternating current by inverter then, external load uses, also can be used for direct drive compression machine (1), make system become an autonomous system, thereby reduce dependence utility network.
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| CNB2006101143949A CN100453926C (en) | 2006-11-09 | 2006-11-09 | Multifunctional integrative system of light-volt solar heat pump |
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| CNB2006101143949A CN100453926C (en) | 2006-11-09 | 2006-11-09 | Multifunctional integrative system of light-volt solar heat pump |
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| CN101738005B (en) * | 2009-11-13 | 2011-09-14 | 中国科学技术大学 | Solar heat pump and heat pipe composite system |
| CN102435037A (en) * | 2011-08-22 | 2012-05-02 | 合肥美的荣事达电冰箱有限公司 | Method for installing condenser in refrigerator and forming pedestal for sticking aluminum foil to condenser |
| CN102494439A (en) * | 2011-12-07 | 2012-06-13 | 南京大学 | Photovoltaic photo-thermal energy-storage heat pump system |
| CN102538195A (en) * | 2012-01-20 | 2012-07-04 | 沈雁茜 | Solar special condensed state utilizing system and working method thereof |
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| CN107525266A (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2017-12-29 | 合肥美的暖通设备有限公司 | The control method of evaporator assemblies, water heater and water heater |
| CN108880454A (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2018-11-23 | 欧贝黎新能源科技股份有限公司 | It is a kind of convenient for agriculture light/fishing light complementation photovoltaic module |
| CN109245716A (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2019-01-18 | 江苏亚威变压器有限公司 | A kind of distributed photovoltaic and energy-storage system |
| CN117497911A (en) * | 2024-01-03 | 2024-02-02 | 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 | Photovoltaic energy storage system |
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| CN100453926C (en) | 2009-01-21 |
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