CN1950255A - 边界层抽吸装置 - Google Patents

边界层抽吸装置 Download PDF

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CN1950255A
CN1950255A CNA2005800147984A CN200580014798A CN1950255A CN 1950255 A CN1950255 A CN 1950255A CN A2005800147984 A CNA2005800147984 A CN A2005800147984A CN 200580014798 A CN200580014798 A CN 200580014798A CN 1950255 A CN1950255 A CN 1950255A
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extract
aspirator
boundary 1ayer
turbocharger assembly
compressor
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CN1950255B (zh
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于尔根·梅斯特
于尔根·普芬尼希
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Airbus Operations GmbH
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02KJET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02K3/00Plants including a gas turbine driving a compressor or a ducted fan
    • F02K3/02Plants including a gas turbine driving a compressor or a ducted fan in which part of the working fluid by-passes the turbine and combustion chamber
    • F02K3/04Plants including a gas turbine driving a compressor or a ducted fan in which part of the working fluid by-passes the turbine and combustion chamber the plant including ducted fans, i.e. fans with high volume, low pressure outputs, for augmenting the jet thrust, e.g. of double-flow type
    • F02K3/06Plants including a gas turbine driving a compressor or a ducted fan in which part of the working fluid by-passes the turbine and combustion chamber the plant including ducted fans, i.e. fans with high volume, low pressure outputs, for augmenting the jet thrust, e.g. of double-flow type with front fan
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64CAEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
    • B64C21/00Influencing air flow over aircraft surfaces by affecting boundary layer flow
    • B64C21/02Influencing air flow over aircraft surfaces by affecting boundary layer flow by use of slot, ducts, porous areas or the like
    • B64C21/06Influencing air flow over aircraft surfaces by affecting boundary layer flow by use of slot, ducts, porous areas or the like for sucking
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64CAEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
    • B64C21/00Influencing air flow over aircraft surfaces by affecting boundary layer flow
    • B64C21/02Influencing air flow over aircraft surfaces by affecting boundary layer flow by use of slot, ducts, porous areas or the like
    • B64C21/08Influencing air flow over aircraft surfaces by affecting boundary layer flow by use of slot, ducts, porous areas or the like adjustable
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01DNON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12Blades
    • F01D5/14Form or construction
    • F01D5/141Shape, i.e. outer, aerodynamic form
    • F01D5/145Means for influencing boundary layers or secondary circulations
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64DEQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D33/00Arrangements in aircraft of power plant parts or auxiliaries not otherwise provided for
    • B64D33/02Arrangements in aircraft of power plant parts or auxiliaries not otherwise provided for of combustion air intakes
    • B64D2033/0226Arrangements in aircraft of power plant parts or auxiliaries not otherwise provided for of combustion air intakes comprising boundary layer control means
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T50/00Aeronautics or air transport
    • Y02T50/10Drag reduction
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T50/00Aeronautics or air transport
    • Y02T50/60Efficient propulsion technologies, e.g. for aircraft

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
  • Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于抽取飞机上的边界层的抽吸装置,所述飞机带有一结构,所述结构的蒙皮在临界通流区中含有抽吸表面,并且所述飞机带有至少一个喷气发动机。借助于分支管线(10)从所述发动机(1)的高压区域(P)抽出引气,并用于驱动涡轮增压器组件(2)的涡轮(20),所述涡轮增压器组件的压缩机(24)作为用于抽取所述边界层的抽吸源。

Description

边界层抽吸装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于抽取飞机上的边界层的抽吸装置,所述飞机带有一结构,所述结构的蒙皮在临界通流区中含有抽吸表面,并且带有至少一个喷气发动机,从所述喷气发动机获得抽取所述边界层所需的吸力。
背景技术
在DE 198 20 097 C2中公开了一种上述类型的抽吸装置。在此种已知的装置中,用于抽取边界层的吸力由设置在发动机主流路中的喷射泵产生。此抽吸装置提供下列优点:无需运动部件来产生用于抽取边界层的吸力;以及所述装置因此很不容易出现故障。然而,从下面的事实可以看出此种已知装置有一个重大缺点:由于喷射泵设置在发动机的主流路中而导致很大的动力损失。当不需要所述抽吸装置时,也不能完全避免所述动力损失。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的在于开发一种用于抽取边界层的抽吸装置,所述抽吸装置使得可以获得高效的动力转化,并且在不需要所述抽吸装置的操作状态下避免动力损失。
在根据权利要求1前序部分的用于抽取边界层的抽吸装置中,根据本发明以下述方式实现了所述目的,其中,借助于分支管线从发动机的高压区域抽出引气,并用于驱动涡轮增压器组件的涡轮,所述涡轮增压器组件的压缩机(也称为涡轮泵)作为用于抽取边界层的抽吸源。
根据本发明的抽吸装置使得可以实现前述的目的,其原因在于,涡轮增压器组件确保高效的动力转化,并且用于抽出来自发动机的引气的分支管线连接能够以下述方式实现:当关闭所述分支管线时,在发动机内不出现动力损失。
在带有核心流路和旁通流路的双路式喷气发动机中,在高压压缩机的区域内抽出引气是有利的,因为这使得可以获得最大可能的动力用于涡轮增压器组件。
根据本发明的另一有利实施方式,涡轮增压器组件的压缩机(涡轮泵)的压力管线在低压位置处通入发动机的主流路。该设计有利于将用于抽取边界层的装置的抽吸通道系统以及所述压力管线的出口之间的压力差,即由所述增压器组件克服的压力差,维持得尽可能地小,使得所述压缩机产生的动力能够被最优地利用。
在本发明的另一优选具体实施方式中,使用数个低动力增压器组件来代替一个重型涡轮增压器组件,其中,这些增压器组件容纳在发动机悬架和/或发动机整流罩的区域内。从下面的事实可以看出该变型的优点:对于涡轮增压器组件的涡轮,能够使用短的压力和抽吸管线,使得流动损失和热损失维持在相对低的水平。
以单轴机械的形式实现所述涡轮增压器组件也是有利的,其原因在于,根据现有技术此种类型机械能够以设计简单、制造成本低的构件的形式获得。
附图说明
下面将参考附图描述本发明的具体实施方式。在所述附图中:
图1是带有用于抽取边界层的抽吸装置的飞机翼,和设置在所述翼下方的飞机发动机;以及
图2是图1中飞机发动机的示意性剖视图,所述飞机发动机带有根据本发明的用于抽取边界层的抽吸装置。
具体实施方式
图1示出飞机结构的一个例子——其蒙皮含有位于临界通流区内的抽吸表面,即带有抽吸表面41、42的飞机翼4。发动机1借助于适当的发动机悬架12而安装在飞机翼4上。用于通过抽吸表面41、42抽取边界层的抽吸管线23从翼4通向由附图标记Z指示的发动机1的区域。根据本发明的用于抽取边界层的抽吸装置设置在区域Z内。应该注意,也可以设置前述的抽吸表面用于抽取发动机整流罩上的边界层。
图2示出飞机发动机的区域Z的示意性剖视图。飞机发动机整体上由附图标记1指示。该发动机由带有主流路H的所谓双路式喷气发动机构成,其中所述主流路H在所谓的前风扇的下游分为核心流路K和旁通流路M。核心流路K通过高压压缩机11和高压涡轮通向发动机出口。高压压缩机11附近的高压区域由附图标记P指示。用于抽出高压引气的分支管线10在此区域内连接至发动机1。分支管线10通向涡轮增压器组件2。所述涡轮增压器组件的实现形式为带有涡轮20和压缩机(涡轮泵)24的单轴机械。从高压压缩机11抽出的引气驱动涡轮20,然后通过排气管线21返回到发动机1的主流路H。涡轮增压器组件2的压缩机24由涡轮20驱动,压缩机24通过压力管线25把来自抽吸管线23的空气输送至发动机1的主流路H内,其中所述压力管线25在低静压位置U处通向发动机的主流路。
作为使用一个重型涡轮增压器组件2的替代,也可以设想提供数个能够更容易地容纳的较小涡轮增压器组件。此种较小的增压器组件由附图标记2a和2b指示,并且在图2中以虚线示出。使用较小的涡轮增压器组件的优点在于:它们能够更好地容纳在如图2中所示的发动机悬架12或发动机整流罩内。
应该指出的是,术语“包括”不排除其它的构件或步骤,并且英文原文中的不定冠词“a”或“an”不排除复数的情况。另外,与不同的具体实施方式相结合而描述的构件可以组合在一起。
还应该指出的是,权利要求书中的附图标记不应解释为对权利要求范围的限制。
附图标记列表
1   飞机发动机
2   涡轮增压器组件
2a  低动力涡轮增压器组件
2b  低动力涡轮增压器组件
4   翼
41  4的抽吸表面
42  4的抽吸表面
10  分支管线
11  高压压缩机
12  发动机悬架
20  涡轮
21  排气管线
23  抽吸管线
24  压缩机(涡轮泵)
25  24的压力管线
H   主流路
K   核心流路
M   旁通流路
P   高压区域
U   低压区域
Z   带有用于抽取边界层的抽吸装置的1的区域

Claims (5)

1.一种用于抽取飞机上的边界层的抽吸装置,所述飞机带有一结构,所述结构的蒙皮在临界通流区中含有抽吸表面,并且所述飞机带有至少一个喷气发动机,从所述喷气发动机获得抽取所述边界层所需的吸力,其中,借助于分支管线从所述发动机的高压区域抽出引气,并且用于驱动涡轮增压器组件的涡轮,所述涡轮增压器组件的压缩机作为用于抽取所述边界层的抽吸源。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于抽取边界层的抽吸装置,其中,所述引气在带有核心流路和旁通流路的双路式喷气发动机内的高压压缩机的区域内被抽出。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的用于抽取边界层的抽吸装置,其中,所述涡轮增压器组件的所述压缩机的所述压力管线在低静压位置处通入所述发动机的所述主流路。
4.根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的用于抽取边界层的抽吸装置,其中,采用数个低动力涡轮增压器组件代替一个重型涡轮增压器组件,并且所述数个低动力涡轮增压器组件容纳在发动机悬架和/或发动机整流罩内。
5.根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的用于抽取边界层的抽吸装置,其中,所述涡轮增压器组件以至少一个单轴机械的形式实现。
CN2005800147984A 2004-05-13 2005-05-11 边界层抽吸装置 Expired - Fee Related CN1950255B (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004024016.7 2004-05-13
DE102004024016A DE102004024016A1 (de) 2004-05-13 2004-05-13 Anordnung zur Grenzschichtabsaugung
US60664904P 2004-09-02 2004-09-02
US60/606,649 2004-09-02
PCT/EP2005/005098 WO2005113335A1 (en) 2004-05-13 2005-05-11 Boundary layer suction arrangement

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CN1950255A true CN1950255A (zh) 2007-04-18
CN1950255B CN1950255B (zh) 2011-05-18

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EP (1) EP1744953B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP4786647B2 (zh)
CN (1) CN1950255B (zh)
AT (1) ATE482140T1 (zh)
BR (1) BRPI0510727A (zh)
CA (1) CA2565011C (zh)
DE (2) DE102004024016A1 (zh)
RU (1) RU2384466C2 (zh)
WO (1) WO2005113335A1 (zh)

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CN109367796A (zh) * 2018-09-17 2019-02-22 江西洪都航空工业集团有限责任公司 一种基于流体震荡器的埋入式进气道附面层控制装置
CN110374747A (zh) * 2019-07-25 2019-10-25 中国航发沈阳发动机研究所 一种具有自补偿功能的飞机发动机引气管路

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109367796A (zh) * 2018-09-17 2019-02-22 江西洪都航空工业集团有限责任公司 一种基于流体震荡器的埋入式进气道附面层控制装置
CN109367796B (zh) * 2018-09-17 2022-03-15 江西洪都航空工业集团有限责任公司 一种基于流体震荡器的埋入式进气道附面层控制装置
CN110374747A (zh) * 2019-07-25 2019-10-25 中国航发沈阳发动机研究所 一种具有自补偿功能的飞机发动机引气管路

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RU2384466C2 (ru) 2010-03-20
DE602005023724D1 (de) 2010-11-04
DE102004024016A1 (de) 2005-12-22
JP4786647B2 (ja) 2011-10-05
JP2007537085A (ja) 2007-12-20
EP1744953A1 (en) 2007-01-24
BRPI0510727A (pt) 2007-11-20
US7837155B2 (en) 2010-11-23
WO2005113335A1 (en) 2005-12-01
ATE482140T1 (de) 2010-10-15
CA2565011C (en) 2013-04-16
CN1950255B (zh) 2011-05-18
EP1744953B1 (en) 2010-09-22
RU2006143163A (ru) 2008-06-20
CA2565011A1 (en) 2005-12-01
US20070266707A1 (en) 2007-11-22

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