CN1934514A - 具有将制冷系统设定为休眠模式的控制器的冷藏室 - Google Patents
具有将制冷系统设定为休眠模式的控制器的冷藏室 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种用于冷却厨房或餐厅内的冷藏室的制冷系统。电子的制冷控制器控制该冷藏室的各个方面,包括温度。当按压一按钮时,启动“休眠模式”以便安全地使得制冷系统停机并关断蒸发器风扇。工作人员随后对冷藏室进行装货或出货,并且冷空气不吹到工作人员身上。在预定时间段之后,休眠模式终止并且冷空气吹入该冷藏室。
Description
技术领域
本发明总体上涉及包括控制器的冷藏室,该控制器可基于一信号在预定时间段内将制冷系统设定为休眠模式。
背景技术
餐厅、厨房和食品制备区域通常包括具有冷藏室的冷却机或冷冻机,在冷藏室内储存有易腐烂的物品和食品,例如蔬菜、肉、和奶制品。冷藏室由设置在另外位置处的制冷系统来冷却。从外界可连续地进入到该冷藏室中,以便进行清洁、接纳食品和储存食品。
冷藏室内的温度升高在将物品装入冷藏室的过程中,暖空气可进入到冷藏室中,这可能导致食品暴露在高于由食品安全管理机构(例如(美国)食品及药物管理局)所规定的安全范围温度的温度下并且可能导致食品变质。在物品装填的过程中,制冷系统连续地工作以便保持冷藏室内的温度。
绝大多数的当地和国家法规要求冷藏室中的蒸发器具有断电开关,以便当蒸发器工作较长时间段之后关断蒸发器风扇。对于制冷系统的主电源也可被切断。例如,制冷系统通常在清洁过程中切断,以便防止水冻结在蒸发器上。
工作人员偶尔关断蒸发器风扇和制冷系统,以便在冷藏室内装货时防止冷空气吹到工作人员上。在特定应用场合中,制冷系统与蒸发器风扇是独立的,并且当切断对蒸发器风扇的供电时,工作人员不能对制冷系统进行断电操作。
当蒸发器风扇和制冷系统关断时,在冷藏室内的温度升高。如果工作人员在离开冷藏室之后忘记启动制冷系统和蒸发器风扇,在冷藏室内的温度将持续升高,这可能导致食品变质。
在现有技术的冷藏室中,蒸发器风扇的断电开关不总是正确地连接,并且可能没有使得常闭的液体管路电磁阀关闭。这使得液体制冷剂流对压缩机液击,这可能导致压缩机损坏和制冷系统完全停机。当检测到压缩机损坏时,冷藏室温度升高。制冷系统的不正确停机和重新恢复工作,或较长时间段内保持制冷系统关机也会导致在冷却降温模式中需要大功率或需要消耗较高的千瓦数(kW)。
存在提供这样一种冷藏室的需求,该冷藏室可进入休眠模式并且在预定的时间段之后向冷藏室吹入冷空气,并可克服现有技术的其它缺点。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种在餐厅或厨房中用于冷却冷藏室的制冷系统。制冷剂在压缩机中被压缩到高压和高焓。该压缩后的制冷剂在冷凝器中被冷却并且在膨胀装置中膨胀为低压。该制冷剂随后流经蒸发器并且冷却在冷藏室内的空气。该制冷剂随后返回到压缩机,以便完成该循环。该冷藏室包括一电子的制冷控制器,该控制器控制该冷藏室的各个方面,包括温度。
当工作人员对冷藏室进行装货或出货时,工作人员按压一按钮以便将制冷系统设定为休眠模式。该制冷系统安全地停机并且蒸发器关断以便停止将冷空气吹入冷藏室并吹到工作人员身上。在预定时间段之后,休眠模式终止并且该制冷系统和该蒸发器风扇启动以便冷却该冷藏室,从而确保冷藏室的温度在较长的时间段内不升高到临界温度之上。
以下参照附图并结合实施例的详细描述,可更好地理解本发明的这些和其它的特征和优点。
附图说明
以下参照附图并结合实施例的详细描述,可更好地理解本发明的这些和其它的特征和优点,在附图中:
图1示出了用于冷却本发明的冷藏室的制冷系统;
图2相对于设备的平均千瓦数需求示出了制冷系统的不适当的停机和开机的影响的曲线,设备的平均千瓦数需求随时间而变化;和
图3相对于设备的平均千瓦数需求示出了制冷系统的不适当的停机和开机的影响的曲线,设备的平均千瓦数需求随时间而变化。
具体实施方式
如图1所示,制冷系统20用于冷却冷藏室30。该冷藏室30可以是在厨房或餐厅内冷却并储存易腐烂的物品例如食品的冷冻机或制冷装置。然而,应当理解也可采用其它的形式。例如,冷藏室30可以是在使用之前在制备区域内储存物品的展示柜或售货柜。或者,冷藏室30可以用于科学或医学方面的应用场合。
制冷剂在压缩机22内被压缩到高压和高焓。该压缩后的制冷剂随后流经冷凝器24并被冷却。该高压且低焓的制冷剂随后在膨胀装置26中膨胀成低压。膨胀装置26可以是电子膨胀阀或其它任何类型的膨胀装置。在膨胀之后,该制冷剂流经蒸发器28并接收来自冷藏室30中的空气的热量。风扇32使得流体吹过蒸发器28,并且该流体将热量排散给蒸发器28内的制冷剂,以便加热制冷剂并冷却冷藏室30中的该流体。在一示例中,该流体是空气。制冷系统20还可包括多于一个的蒸发器28(即主-从)。如果采用多于一个的蒸发器28,则蒸发器28可独立地且在不同时刻工作。即,一个蒸发器28在另一蒸发器28不工作时进行工作。该制冷剂随后返回到压缩机22,以便完成该循环。
蒸发器风扇32使得该流体在与制冷系统20分开的冷藏室30内循环。因此,当制冷系统20不工作时该风扇32工作。该流体还可借助自然对流来循环。
在一示例中,冷藏室30包括一门34以便可进入到冷藏室30中。当将食品装入到冷藏室30中或从冷藏室中取出时,门34可打开以便可进入到冷藏室30中。然而,冷藏室30可不包括门34,例如如果冷藏室30是展示柜的话。
该制冷系统20包括电子的制冷控制器42,其具有定时电路部件。该电子的制冷控制器42控制冷藏室30的各个方面,其包括温度。按钮36定位在靠近蒸发器28或靠近冷藏室30的入口。尽管示出了一个按钮36并参照其进行描述,但是应当理解可采用多于一个的按钮36。优选的是,按钮36结合到由Parker-Hannifinn提供的现有的Guardian电子制冷控制装置中。
当工作人员对冷藏室30进行装货或出货时,工作人员按压该按钮36以便停止将冷空气吹入冷藏室30。当按压按钮36时,借助该电子的制冷控制器42启动“休眠模式”,以便停止将冷空气吹入冷藏室30。
当休眠模式启动时,该制冷系统20在一预定时间段内安全地停机。一电磁阀40位于冷凝器24与膨胀阀26之间。当休眠模式启动时,该控制器42提供一信号以便关闭该电磁阀40和膨胀装置26,从而降低进入压缩机22的制冷剂的吸气压力。该压缩机22借助低压开口来停机。制冷剂随后从制冷系统20的低压侧泵送出去,以便防止当制冷系统20再次开机时对压缩机22液击。尽管示出了电磁阀40并参照其进行描述,但是应当理解该制冷系统20可不采用电磁阀40来进行安全停机。在该示例中,制冷系统20借助关闭膨胀装置26来实现安全停机。在本发明中,制冷系统20可安全停机并且以低负荷重新启动,从而节约了能量。
当休眠模式启动以停止将冷空气吹入冷藏室30时,蒸发器风扇32也关断。优选的是,蒸发器风扇32和制冷系统20两者同时停机以停止将冷空气吹入冷藏室30。然而,应当理解蒸发器风扇32和制冷系统20可独立地停机以便停止将冷空气吹入冷藏室30。
在预定的时间段之后,休眠模式终止,并且冷藏室30再次被冷却,以便确保冷藏室30的温度不升高到临界温度之上。该控制器42发出一信号以便打开电磁阀40和膨胀阀26,启动该制冷系统20。控制器42向电磁阀40供电并打开电磁阀40,以便使得制冷剂进入压缩机22。由于当电磁阀40和膨胀阀26关闭时泵送制冷剂离开制冷系统20的低压侧,因此制冷剂不会对压缩机22进行液击。控制器42还启动蒸发器风扇32以便再次使得冷空气吹过蒸发器28并吹入冷藏室30。
厨房或餐厅的操作者可将休眠模式的持续时间编程到电子制冷控制器42中。或者,当制造电子制冷控制器42时,可对休眠模式的持续时间进行编程。该持续时间可在厨房或餐厅中现场编程或遥控编程。在一示例中,休眠模式的持续时间在5-120分钟之间。例如,如果在厨房或餐厅中使用冷藏室30并且在清洁或装货过程中通常停机,该休眠模式可以编程为持续15-30分钟。该休眠模式可具有较长的持续时间,例如8-48小时,例如如果休眠模式在周末的话。应当理解,休眠模式可依据应用场合而设定成其它的持续时间。
通过适当地关断制冷系统20和蒸发器风扇32,使得在制冷系统20中设备的平均千瓦需求保持为较低。通过使得千瓦需求保持为较低,使得在冷藏室30中的物品的表面温度保持较低。
图2相对于该设备的平均千瓦数需求示出了制冷系统20的不适当的停机和开机的影响,在4小时时间期限内该设备的平均千瓦数需求随时间而变化。每一点之间的时间间隔是15分钟。在点1,制冷系统20不适当地停机。此刻,输入大约3.80千瓦。在点10,制冷系统20重新启动。在点11,由于压缩机22必须冷却降温以便满足对于压缩机22的大制冷负荷,因此需要输入大千瓦数。在点18之前,所需平均千瓦数输入不会恢复到开始时的平均3.80千瓦。即,输入千瓦不会恢复到开始时的平均3.80千瓦,直到在压缩机22重新开机之后的1.75小时。如图3所示,在该时刻,在冷藏室30内的物品的表面温度升高。在本发明中,制冷系统20和蒸发器风扇32适当地停机,以便大的平均瓦数,并防止在冷藏室30内的物品的表面温度升高。
通过再次按压按钮36可终止休眠模式。电磁阀40和膨胀阀26打开以便制冷剂进入压缩机22。蒸发器28的风扇32也启动,以使得冷空气吹入冷藏室30。通过按压按钮36,可在预定时间之前终止休眠模式。
编程的算法可限制在给定时间期限内启动休眠模式的次数。如果在休眠模式终止之后一个人按压按钮36以便再次启动休眠模式,则休眠模式不会再次开始,直到温度传感器38检测到冷藏室30在预定时间段到达预定温度。当温度传感器38检测到冷藏室30中的温度超过预定温度时,休眠模式可再次开始。
或者,电子的制冷控制器可限制连续的休眠模式持续时间,以便确保冷藏室空间30不会过长地没有获得制冷。还可限制在给定时间期限内启动休眠模式的次数。
与启动休眠模式相关的事件、休眠模式的持续时间、和在冷藏室30内的温度被记录并监控。与这些事件相关的时间和日期也被记录。这些信息可在现场或远端的其它位置获取到。
以上的描述仅仅是本发明的原理的示例。本领域的普通技术人员应当理解,可参照以上的启示对本发明进行变型和改动。然而,详细描述了本发明的优选实施例,以便本领域的普通技术人员能认识到某些变型也落在本发明的范围内。因此,应当理解在后附的权利要求范围内,可以以详细描述之外的其它方式来实施本发明。因此,以下的权利要求应当认真理解以便确定本发明的范围和内容。
Claims (22)
1.一种保持冷藏室内的温度的方法,其包括以下步骤:
a)冷却该冷藏室;
b)提供一信号以便停止步骤a)一预定时间段;和
c)在该预定时间段之后冷却该冷藏室。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,还包括以下步骤:
将制冷剂压缩到高压;
冷却该制冷剂;
使得该制冷剂膨胀为低压;和
加热该制冷剂,并且加热该制冷剂的所述步骤包括接受来自流体介质的热量以便冷却该冷藏室。
3.如权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,所述加热步骤包括使用第一蒸发器和第二蒸发器。
4.如权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于,还包括使得第一蒸发器和第二蒸发器独立地工作的步骤。
5.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,提供该信号的所述步骤包括按压一按钮。
6.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,该预定时间段在5-120分钟之间。
7.如权利要求6所述的方法,其特征在于,该预定时间段在15-30分钟之间。
8.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,该预定时间段在8-48小时之间。
9.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,该冷藏室是展示柜和售货柜中的之一。
10.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,该冷藏室可用于科学和医学应用场合。
11.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,还包括以下步骤,在该运动时间段之前提供第二信号以便开始冷却该冷藏室。
12.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,该方法可遥控。
13.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,还包括以下步骤,感测冷藏室中的温度并且提供第二信号以便在步骤c)之后停止冷却步骤,并且提供第二信号的该步骤发生在当该感测步骤检测到冷藏室中的温度超过一门限数值时。
14.如权利要求13所述的方法,其特征在于,提供第二信号的该步骤发生在门限时间之后。
15.一种保持冷藏室中的温度的系统,其包括:
调节在该冷藏室内的温度的控制器;和
冷却该冷藏室的蒸发器,并且该蒸发器基于一信号停止冷却该冷藏室一预定时间段。
16.如权利要求15所述的系统,其特征在于,还包括:
将制冷剂压缩到高压的压缩机;
用于冷却该制冷剂的冷凝器;和
使得该制冷剂膨胀为低压的膨胀装置。
17.如权利要求15所述的系统,其特征在于,该蒸发器通过接受来自流体介质的热量来加热制冷剂,并且该流体介质冷却该冷藏室。
18.如权利要求15所述的系统,其特征在于,还包括一产生该信号的按钮。
19.如权利要求15所述的系统,其特征在于,还多于一个的按钮以便产生该信号。
20.如权利要求15所述的系统,其特征在于,该预定时间段在15-30分钟之间。
21.如权利要求15所述的系统,其特征在于,还包括检测冷藏室中的温度的温度传感器,并且如果该温度传感器检测该温度高于门限温度,该蒸发器在该预定时间段之后基于第二信号停止冷却该冷藏室。
22.如权利要求15所述的系统,其特征在于,还包括第二蒸发器。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/803,766 US7152415B2 (en) | 2004-03-18 | 2004-03-18 | Refrigerated compartment with controller to place refrigeration system in sleep-mode |
US10/803,766 | 2004-03-18 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN1934514A true CN1934514A (zh) | 2007-03-21 |
Family
ID=34984716
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CNA2005800087432A Pending CN1934514A (zh) | 2004-03-18 | 2005-03-17 | 具有将制冷系统设定为休眠模式的控制器的冷藏室 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7152415B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1738238B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1934514A (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2005223675A1 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2005089469A2 (zh) |
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-
2004
- 2004-03-18 US US10/803,766 patent/US7152415B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2005
- 2005-03-17 AU AU2005223675A patent/AU2005223675A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-03-17 CN CNA2005800087432A patent/CN1934514A/zh active Pending
- 2005-03-17 WO PCT/US2005/009045 patent/WO2005089469A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2005-03-17 EP EP05727705.5A patent/EP1738238B1/en not_active Not-in-force
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US7152415B2 (en) | 2006-12-26 |
US20050204757A1 (en) | 2005-09-22 |
WO2005089469A2 (en) | 2005-09-29 |
EP1738238A4 (en) | 2009-12-09 |
EP1738238B1 (en) | 2013-05-29 |
AU2005223675A1 (en) | 2005-09-29 |
WO2005089469A3 (en) | 2005-12-15 |
EP1738238A2 (en) | 2007-01-03 |
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