CN1923589A - Device, system and method for automatic monitoring steel rail parameter by using laser - Google Patents
Device, system and method for automatic monitoring steel rail parameter by using laser Download PDFInfo
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- CN1923589A CN1923589A CN 200610113287 CN200610113287A CN1923589A CN 1923589 A CN1923589 A CN 1923589A CN 200610113287 CN200610113287 CN 200610113287 CN 200610113287 A CN200610113287 A CN 200610113287A CN 1923589 A CN1923589 A CN 1923589A
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Abstract
This invention publicizes a device that can automatically monitor the steel rail parameter by using a laser gauging practice and the measuring method and it also reveals an automatic monitoring system of steel rail parameter with the composition of several likewise laser monitoring devices By automatic laser measuring of the steel rail displacement, transportation of measuring results to the central unit through radio communication networks, this invention achieves the long distance monitoring of displacement and thermal stress for observation point. This invention can make timely and accurate monitor of the thermal stress status of the seamless circuit so as to make it significant for ensuring the municipal rail transportation safety and therefore substantially extends its application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of device that utilizes the laser measuring technique automatic monitoring steel rail parameter, also relate to the steel rail parameter automated monitoring system of forming by several this laser monitoring devices, also relate to the method for using the laser measuring technique automatic monitoring steel rail parameter, belong to field of optical measuring technologies.
Background technology
Continuously welded rail track also claims the welded long rail road, is the actual needs that railway transportation is realized high-speed overload, has embodied the megatrend of railway technology development.At present, generally use continuously welded rail track on the China's railway system transportation trunk main.When tens even hundreds of root standard rail weld together, when becoming continuously welded rail track, because the effect of fastener resistance and ballast resistance, make long rail to expand with heat and contract with cold in the at both ends 100m scope, centre portion (being called non-breathing zone) can not shrink, promptly do not allow rail to expand with heat and contract with cold, then the rail stored corresponding longitudinal temperature stress.Rail is inner when it is warm can produce huge compression effort.Simple mathematical relation can draw: the every variation of rail temperature once, in the non-breathing zone in the rail temperature stress change 2.5MPa, if rail temperature changes 50 ℃, temperature stress variation 75MPa in the rail then.Torridity summer, when temperature was elevated to a certain degree, the rail temperature will be higher than 20 ℃ of temperature, if circuit be can't stand the immense pressure of expanding with heat and contract with cold and producing, will discharge its energy, i.e. expansion rail track in a certain short length; And when cold, just may break rail in the sky.Facts have proved: no matter be expansion rail track or break rail, all may make the derail that operation passes through or overturn, cause great train accident.Therefore, maintenance of way personnel must understand the longitudinal temperature stress of circuit reality at any time, in order to the maintenance of guide line, judge the possibility that bloated rail and disconnected rail take place.
In recent years, in urban track traffic (as subway, light rail etc.),, also begin extensively to adopt continuously welded rail track in order to improve passenger's traveling comfort.For urban track traffic,,, certainly will cause great personal casualty and property damage if the derail accident occurs because operational vehicle is in densely populated location.On the other hand, consideration for aspects such as safety, rail line has relative closure, objective condition does not allow to carry out the observation and the detection of artificial temperature stress in the whole period of track traffic operation, this equipment that just needs a kind of temperature stress that can the remote monitoring continuously welded rail track carries out the continual detection of twenty four hours.
At present, how to realize the temperature stress of gapless rail is accurately measured, remain and both at home and abroad generally propose and fail the measurement technique difficult problem of fine solution.For many years, a lot of methods have been adopted both at home and abroad.Wherein one of the most widely used method is exactly to adopt displacement to observe piling method, promptly on gapless rail, stick some marks according to certain rules or draw mark line, (this observation stake is fixed on the ground in fixing observation stake, and occurrence positions does not change in time) go up with theodolite or direct cable method and measure these marks with respect to the fixing change of observing stake along rail longitudinal direction position, by along rail two fixing relative changes of observing mark position between the stake longitudinally, the integral body that can obtain rail is creeped, thereby calculates the situation of change of gapless rail temperature stress.This method is a most popular continuously welded rail track temperature stress method of measurement (be illustrated in pretty red, " seamless turnout is creeped and observed the reasonable Arrangement of stake ", " railway construction " 2005 the 7th phases) on Chinese Railway at present.But there is significant disadvantages in this kind method, mainly is detection efficiency low (general one month check 1～2 time), and it is big to detect error, be generally 1mm or more than, be difficult in time pinpointing the problems, therefore still have the possibility that the derail accident takes place.
Defective at existing displacement observation piling method, in the patent No. is in the Chinese utility model patent of ZL 99214444.2, a kind of steel rail displacement visualizer is provided, comprise that one is arranged on the hidden stake of circuit one side, hidden stake is provided with a visualizer support, one observation is arranged on the described observation support with set of lenses, and observation is arranged on the web of the rail of test line with mark line and surveyors' staff.But the survey precision of this device is limited, can only reach ± 1mm.In addition, be in the Chinese utility model patent " steel rail displacement observation device " of ZL 02262271.3 in the patent No., provide the technology of measuring by laser to solve thinking.This steel rail displacement observation device is made of laser transimitter assembly and laser pick-off assembly, by using modern laser collimation technology, can make the measuring limit error less than 1mm, and survey precision satisfies the railway job requirement substantially.But in this utility model, laser only provides a benchmark to line, also need the position between manual measurement laser beam and the groove, so survey precision is limited, and can not realizes self-measuring.
Summary is got up, and following three major defects of prior art ubiquity: (1) relies on manual measurement or record, and efficiency of measurement is low, is not easy in time to pinpoint the problems; (2) accuracy of detection is low, and the error of Displacement Measurement is greater than 1mm; (3) measuring can not remote monitor and control, can not adapt to the requirement of subway gapless rail temperature stress monitoring.
Summary of the invention
Primary and foremost purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of steel rail parameter automated watch-keeping facility that utilizes laser measuring technique to realize.This device utilizes advanced laser measuring technique to realize, can carry out high-precision long-range automatic monitoring to the temperature and the deformation of rail.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of steel rail parameter automated monitoring system of being made up of a plurality of steel rail parameter automated watch-keeping facilities.This system can be used for realizing monitoring the measurement array of steel rail parameter, is particularly suitable for subway continuously welded rail track or open-air circuit are carried out long-range automatic monitoring.
A further object of the invention provides the method for utilizing above-mentioned steel rail parameter automated watch-keeping facility monitoring steel rail displacement and temperature stress.
For realizing above-mentioned goal of the invention, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of steel rail parameter automated watch-keeping facility is characterized in that:
Described steel rail parameter automated watch-keeping facility comprises rail limit measurement mechanism and central processing unit, connects in wired or wireless mode between them;
Described rail limit measurement mechanism comprises steel rail displacement laser self-measuring unit, take off data delivery unit and power module, and described steel rail displacement laser self-measuring unit comprises laser transimitter, photelectric receiver and fixing observation stake;
Described laser transimitter is installed on described fixing observation stake or the tested rail, and described photelectric receiver is arranged on the laser optical path that described laser transimitter sends, and correspondence is installed in tested rail or described fixing observations;
Described photelectric receiver sends the delta data of the laser signal that receives to described take off data delivery unit, and described take off data delivery unit is sent these data into described central processing unit and handled, to obtain steel rail parameter.
Wherein more preferably, described laser transimitter is made up of laser, laser drive power, first mounting box, described laser is fixed in described first mounting box by support, and described laser drive power directly is fixed in first mounting box, described first mounting box sealing.
Described photelectric receiver is made up of photoelectric position detector, signal processor, second mounting box, described photoelectric position detector is fixed in described second mounting box by support, receives the laser that described laser transimitter emits by the transparent window in described second mounting box.
Described photoelectric position detector is any one in line array CCD or four-quadrant photo detector or the PSD position sensor.
When described photelectric receiver was installed in described fixing observation stake, described laser transimitter was installed on the described tested rail; Perhaps, when described laser transimitter was installed in described fixing observation stake, described photelectric receiver was installed on the described tested rail.
Also has rail temperature self-measuring unit in the measurement mechanism of described rail limit; Described rail temperature self-measuring unit is made up of the temperature sensor that is linked in sequence, signal processing circuit, data transformation interface circuit, is fixed on the tested rail with bonding or mechanical connection manner, and is connected with described take off data delivery unit.
A kind of steel rail parameter automated monitoring system is characterized in that:
Described steel rail parameter automated monitoring system has a plurality of above-mentioned steel rail parameter automated watch-keeping facilities, the shared same central processing unit of each described steel rail parameter automated watch-keeping facility, described central processing unit communicates with wired or wireless mode and each described steel rail parameter automated watch-keeping facility.
Wherein more preferably, also has rail temperature self-measuring unit in the described steel rail parameter automated watch-keeping facility; Described rail temperature self-measuring unit is made up of the temperature sensor that is linked in sequence, signal processing circuit, data transformation interface circuit, be fixed on the tested rail with bonding or mechanical connection manner, and be connected with take off data delivery unit in the described steel rail parameter automated watch-keeping facility.
A kind of method of automatic monitoring steel rail displacement parameter realizes based on above-mentioned steel rail parameter automated watch-keeping facility, it is characterized in that:
Laser transimitter in the described steel rail parameter automated watch-keeping facility is fixed on fixing the observation on stake or the tested rail, and photelectric receiver is fixed on cooresponding tested rail or fixing the observation in the stake;
Adjust the relative position between described laser transimitter and the photelectric receiver, make laser transimitter emitted laser light be arranged in the midway location of photelectric receiver photoelectric position detector;
The position change amount of detection laser light on described photoelectric position detector, and handle by signal processor;
Send the data after handling to central processing unit by the take off data delivery unit, in described central processing unit, handle to obtain the steel rail displacement parameter.
A kind of method of automatic monitoring steel rail temperature stress parameter realizes based on the steel rail parameter automated monitoring system with rail temperature self-measuring unit, it is characterized in that:
In described steel rail parameter automated monitoring system, choose at least two steel rail parameter automated watch-keeping facilities, be installed in the diverse location of tested track circuit respectively;
The above-mentioned method of steel rail displacement laser self-measuring unit by using in each described steel rail parameter automated watch-keeping facility obtains the steel rail displacement parameter at its place, place, rail temperature self-measuring unit is measured the Temperature numerical at this place simultaneously, and the data that obtained send central processing unit to;
Described central processing unit is any two different samplings to each described steel rail parameter automated watch-keeping facility constantly, obtain the changing value of the interior length variations of predetermined length and two different average rail temperature constantly, by calculating the temperature stress parameter that obtains tested track circuit.
The present invention compared with prior art, the outstanding feature that is had is:
One adopts the displacement of laser self-measuring rail, has not only avoided human error, and survey precision improves greatly.
Its two, in the steel rail parameter automated monitoring system, preferentially adopt modern wireless telecommunications means that measured information is delivered to central processing unit, improve the efficient of monitoring greatly, can guarantee the safe in operation of train.
Its three, can search out the maximum temperature stress location of rail automatically, avoid the generation of accident.
The present invention detects the sensitivity of steel rail displacement less than 0.1mm, detects error less than 0.2mm (it is 2mm that stake detection error is observed in traditional displacement), can realize the monitoring to steel rail displacement and temperature stress simultaneously for a long time.
Description of drawings
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is the composition scheme drawing of this steel rail parameter automated watch-keeping facility.
Fig. 2 is the composition scheme drawing of rail limit measurement mechanism.
Fig. 3 is the composition scheme drawing of temperature self-measuring unit.
Fig. 4 is the composition scheme drawing of central processing unit.
Fig. 5 utilizes the steel rail parameter automated watch-keeping facility to measure the principle schematic of steel rail displacement.
Fig. 6 utilizes the steel rail parameter automated watch-keeping facility to measure the principle schematic of Railroad's Temperature Stress.
The specific embodiment
Below, at first introduce the steel rail parameter automated watch-keeping facility that utilizes laser measuring technique to realize among the present invention.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, this steel rail parameter automated watch-keeping facility mainly is made up of rail limit measurement mechanism and central processing unit, connects with wired or wireless mode between them.Wherein, rail limit measurement mechanism is the basis of realizing steel rail parameter automatic measurement.It comprises few component parts such as steel rail displacement laser self-measuring unit and/or rail temperature self-measuring unit, take off data delivery unit 4, power module 5, launches explanation below respectively.
Steel rail displacement laser self-measuring unit is made up of laser transimitter 1, photelectric receiver 2, fixing stake 8 three parts of observing.
Laser transimitter 1 is made up of laser 101, laser drive power 102, first mounting box 103, and this laser transimitter is installed in fixing the observation in the stake 8 by mode such as be threaded, and also can directly be fixed on the tested rail 7.Laser 101 is fixed in first mounting box 103 by support 104, and laser drive power 102 directly is fixed in first mounting box 103,103 sealings of first mounting box.Laser 101 can be selected polytype lasers such as semiconductor laser for use, and its emitted laser emits by the transparent window in first mounting box 103.
As shown in Figure 3, rail temperature self-measuring unit 3 is made up of the temperature sensor that is linked in sequence, signal processing circuit, data transformation interface circuit.This temperature self-measuring unit 3 can adopt bonding or mechanical connection manner is fixed on the rail 7.Temperature sensor can adopt semiconductor temperature sensor.
Take off data delivery unit 4 is connected with above-mentioned steel rail displacement laser self-measuring unit and/or rail temperature self-measuring unit 3 respectively.This data transmission unit can transmit measured data with wired or wireless mode, and this data-transformation facility will play an important role in the steel rail parameter automated monitoring system of being made up of a plurality of steel rail parameter automated watch-keeping facilities.
Interchange or vdc that power module 5 is used for the circuit limit is provided obtain voltage of voltage regulation by processing such as conversion, and above-mentioned steel rail displacement laser self-measuring unit and/or rail temperature self-measuring unit 3, take off data delivery unit 4 are provided.
Introduce the method for utilizing above-mentioned steel rail parameter automated watch-keeping facility to realize the automatic monitoring steel rail displacement below.This method only uses above-mentioned steel rail displacement laser self-measuring unit just can realize.As shown in Figure 5, the rail limit measurement mechanism that disposes steel rail displacement laser self-measuring unit at first is installed on track circuit.When mounted, adjust the relative position between laser transimitter 1 and the photelectric receiver 2, make laser transimitter 1 emitted laser light can reach on the photoelectric position detector 201, and be positioned at the midway location of photoelectric position detector 201.Like this, the light of laser transimitter 1 emission can incide on the photoelectric position detector 201 in the photelectric receiver 2 in the steel rail displacement laser self-measuring unit.Because laser transimitter 1 and photelectric receiver 2 are separately fixed at fixing the observation on stake 8 and the rail 7, when there is displacement in rail 7, the position of laser beam on photoelectric position detector 201 can change, can obtain the position change amount of laser beam and photoelectric position detector 201 by signal processor 202, this change amount is exactly rail 7 and the fixing displacement of observing between the stake 8, the displacement of rail 7 just.Then, steel rail displacement laser self-measuring unit sends relevant take off data to central processing unit 9 by take off data delivery unit 4, can realize remote monitoring to rail 7 displacements by central processing unit 9.
This steel rail parameter automated watch-keeping facility can also be used to carrying out the monitoring of Railroad's Temperature Stress.When carrying out the monitoring of temperature stress, need measure two parameters of steel rail displacement and temperature simultaneously, therefore, employed rail limit measurement mechanism should have steel rail displacement laser self-measuring unit and rail temperature self-measuring unit simultaneously.
The concrete steps of monitor temperature stress are such: as shown in Figure 6, at first at the diverse location of track section circuit two groups of rail limit measurement mechanisms are installed respectively, these two groups of rail limit measurement mechanisms can shared same central processing unit 9.According to above-mentioned steel rail displacement automatic monitoring method, utilize steel rail displacement laser self-measuring unit in the first rail limit measurement mechanism to obtain the fixing relative position of observing between stake 8 and the rail 7 along the rail longitudinal direction in this place.Rail temperature self-measuring unit 3 in the first rail limit measurement mechanism measures the Temperature numerical of this place's rail 7 simultaneously.At this moment, with above-mentioned steel rail displacement laser self-measuring unit and rail temperature self-measuring unit bonded assembly take off data delivery unit 4 steel rail displacement and temperature value are sent to central processing unit 9.
Same, the second rail limit measurement mechanism also measures the displacement and the temperature value of rail 7 at its place, place, and sends central processing unit 9 to by corresponding take off data delivery unit.
If two groups of above rail limit measurement mechanisms are installed, repeat above-mentioned measuring process, can obtain temperature stress and variation thereof between any two rail limit measurement mechanisms, calculate thus and can also find location, thereby help in time finding hazardous location with maximum temperature stress.
When the steel rail parameter automated watch-keeping facility among the present invention is used to measure steel rail displacement, can use separately; When it is used for measuring the temperature stress of rail, need pairing in twos to use.In addition, can also form a distributed steel rail parameter automated monitoring system by a plurality of steel rail parameter automated watch-keeping facilities.In this case, the steel rail parameter automated watch-keeping facility that is distributed in each measurement point can shared same central processing unit, connects by wired or wireless mode between each steel rail parameter automated watch-keeping facility and the central processing unit.
Above-mentioned steel rail parameter automated monitoring system is particularly suitable for the subway continuously welded rail track or open-air circuit carries out long-range automatic monitoring.When carrying out remote monitoring, steel rail parameter automated watch-keeping facility on each measurement point is handled the numerical value and the temperature self-measuring unit 3 that obtain with photelectric receiver 2 and is handled the Temperature numerical that obtains, deliver to central processing unit 9 by take off data delivery unit 4, thereby realize the remote monitoring of central processing unit each measurement point.Central processing unit 9 can be sampled to the take off data of each rail limit measurement mechanism for a long time, obtains Railroad's Temperature Stress, realizes the long-term uninterrupted monitoring to Railroad's Temperature Stress.
When carrying out long-range automatic monitoring, the take off data delivery unit 4 preferred communications that use in each steel rail parameter automated watch-keeping facility are connected with central processing unit 9.Use communication can significantly reduce the realization cost of this steel rail parameter automated monitoring system.
Above device, system and the method thereof of laser automatic monitoring steel rail parameter utilized of the present invention had been described in detail.For one of ordinary skill in the art, any conspicuous change of under the prerequisite that does not deviate from connotation of the present invention it being done all will constitute to infringement of patent right of the present invention, with corresponding legal responsibilities.
Claims (10)
1. steel rail parameter automated watch-keeping facility is characterized in that:
Described steel rail parameter automated watch-keeping facility comprises rail limit measurement mechanism and central processing unit, connects in wired or wireless mode between them;
Described rail limit measurement mechanism comprises steel rail displacement laser self-measuring unit, take off data delivery unit and power module, and described steel rail displacement laser self-measuring unit comprises laser transimitter, photelectric receiver and fixing observation stake;
Described laser transimitter is installed on described fixing observation stake or the tested rail, and described photelectric receiver is arranged on the laser optical path that described laser transimitter sends, and correspondence is installed in tested rail or described fixing observations;
Described photelectric receiver sends the delta data of the laser signal that receives to described take off data delivery unit, and described take off data delivery unit is sent these data into described central processing unit and handled, to obtain steel rail parameter.
2. steel rail parameter automated watch-keeping facility as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described laser transimitter is made up of laser, laser drive power, first mounting box, and described laser is fixed in described first mounting box by support, and described laser drive power directly is fixed in first mounting box, described first mounting box sealing.
3. steel rail parameter automated watch-keeping facility as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described photelectric receiver is made up of photoelectric position detector, signal processor, second mounting box, described photoelectric position detector is fixed in described second mounting box by support, receives the laser that described laser transimitter emits by the transparent window in described second mounting box.
4. steel rail parameter automated watch-keeping facility as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that:
Described photoelectric position detector is any one in line array CCD or four-quadrant photo detector or the PSD position sensor.
5. steel rail parameter automated watch-keeping facility as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
When described photelectric receiver was installed in described fixing observation stake, described laser transimitter was installed on the described tested rail; Perhaps, when described laser transimitter was installed in described fixing observation stake, described photelectric receiver was installed on the described tested rail.
6. steel rail parameter automated watch-keeping facility as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
Also has rail temperature self-measuring unit in the measurement mechanism of described rail limit; Described rail temperature self-measuring unit is made up of the temperature sensor that is linked in sequence, signal processing circuit, data transformation interface circuit, is fixed on the tested rail with bonding or mechanical connection manner, and is connected with described take off data delivery unit.
7. steel rail parameter automated monitoring system is characterized in that:
Described steel rail parameter automated monitoring system has a plurality of steel rail parameter automated watch-keeping facilities as claimed in claim 1, the shared same central processing unit of each described steel rail parameter automated watch-keeping facility, described central processing unit communicates with wired or wireless mode and each described steel rail parameter automated watch-keeping facility.
8. steel rail parameter automated monitoring system as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that:
Also has rail temperature self-measuring unit in the described steel rail parameter automated watch-keeping facility; Described rail temperature self-measuring unit is made up of the temperature sensor that is linked in sequence, signal processing circuit, data transformation interface circuit, be fixed on the tested rail with bonding or mechanical connection manner, and be connected with take off data delivery unit in the described steel rail parameter automated watch-keeping facility.
9. the method for an automatic monitoring steel rail displacement parameter realizes based on steel rail parameter automated watch-keeping facility as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that:
Laser transimitter in the described steel rail parameter automated watch-keeping facility is fixed on fixing the observation on stake or the tested rail, and photelectric receiver is fixed on cooresponding tested rail or fixing the observation in the stake;
Adjust the relative position between described laser transimitter and the photelectric receiver, make laser transimitter emitted laser light be arranged in the midway location of photelectric receiver photoelectric position detector;
The position change amount of detection laser light on described photoelectric position detector, and handle by signal processor;
Send the data after handling to central processing unit by the take off data delivery unit, in described central processing unit, handle to obtain the steel rail displacement parameter.
10. the method for an automatic monitoring steel rail temperature stress parameter realizes based on steel rail parameter automated monitoring system as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that:
In described steel rail parameter automated monitoring system, choose at least two steel rail parameter automated watch-keeping facilities, be installed in the diverse location of tested track circuit respectively;
The described method of steel rail displacement laser self-measuring unit by using claim 9 in each described steel rail parameter automated watch-keeping facility obtains the steel rail displacement parameter at its place, place, rail temperature self-measuring unit is measured the Temperature numerical at this place simultaneously, and the data that obtained send central processing unit to;
Described central processing unit is any two different samplings to each described steel rail parameter automated watch-keeping facility constantly, obtain the changing value of the interior length variations of predetermined length and two different average rail temperature constantly, by calculating the temperature stress parameter that obtains tested track circuit.
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| CNB2006101132874A CN100460255C (en) | 2006-09-21 | 2006-09-21 | Device, system and method for automatic monitoring steel rail parameter by using laser |
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| CNB2006101132874A CN100460255C (en) | 2006-09-21 | 2006-09-21 | Device, system and method for automatic monitoring steel rail parameter by using laser |
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