CN1888322A - Method for rebuilding diversion tunnel to pressure expanded aerated flood-discharge tunnel - Google Patents
Method for rebuilding diversion tunnel to pressure expanded aerated flood-discharge tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- CN1888322A CN1888322A CNA2006100215121A CN200610021512A CN1888322A CN 1888322 A CN1888322 A CN 1888322A CN A2006100215121 A CNA2006100215121 A CN A2006100215121A CN 200610021512 A CN200610021512 A CN 200610021512A CN 1888322 A CN1888322 A CN 1888322A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for remaking diversion tunnel into a flood discharge tunnel with pressure suddenly-enlarged aeration. Said method adopts the following several steps: in river reservoir zone after water intake end of diversion tunnel building a section of pressure tunnel connected with diversion tunnel top; in inlet section of said pressure tunnel setting a gate chamber; in diversion tunnel of front-half section of said pressure tunnel and flood-discharge tunnel connected place setting plug; and in the diversion tunnel of rear-half section setting pressure slope, so that it can make the water flow before pressure slope be pressure flow and make the water flow after pressure slope be open flow.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the hydraulic engineering reconstruction of diversion tunnel is the flood discharging tunnel technical field, and being specifically related to a kind of is the method that the pressure expanded aerated flood-discharge hole is arranged with reconstruction of diversion tunnel.
Background technology
Be subjected to the topographic and geologic condition restriction, have many power stations all must adopt the Diversion Tunnel water conservancy diversion in the construction period.Because Diversion Tunnel also is the part of whole hydroelectric project, it is built also will expend many times and fund, but Diversion Tunnel often all can go out of use after finishing the water conservancy diversion task of engineering, thereby very uneconomical.For Diversion Tunnel can for good and all be played a role, it is permanent flood discharging tunnel way that increasing engineering has selected to utilize reconstruction of diversion tunnel, and moreover, the engineering that has because of the reason of hinge difficult arrangement, must be a flood discharging tunnel with reconstruction of diversion tunnel still.
Utilize existing reconstruction of diversion tunnel to mainly contain imperial new line formula and spiral-flow type at present for the basic pattern of flood discharging tunnel.
The reconstruction scheme of dragon new line formula is normally built a tunnel at the oblique upper at the top of former Diversion Tunnel, and this tunnel adopts the short mouth of compressing into, after connect the oblique hole of free flow, be connected with Diversion Tunnel through anti-segmental arc.Because the tunnel infiltration is very little to the groundwater table influence of bank slope massif, this reconstruction mode is widely adopted in the flood discharging tunnel of many new constructions, and as engineerings such as Liujia Gorge, two beaches, and single hole flood discharge level is near 4000m
3/ s.But imperial new line formula flood discharging tunnel drop is big and concentrate on the front portion; the high-velocity flow section is long; lining cutting protection to the high-velocity flow section is had relatively high expectations; cavitation corrosion (Yang Yongsen takes place near anti-segmental arc and downstream thereof easily; Wu Chigong, anti-segmental arc waterpower of free-flow tunnel and Cavitation Characteristics research [J], Chengdu Univ. of Science ﹠ Technology's journal; 1991 the 3rd phases, 21-28).Though after air mixing corrosion reducing measure extensive use, the cavitation corrosion problem of the dragon new line formula flood discharging tunnel of 100m left and right sides drop solves substantially, more the cavitation corrosion problem of the dragon new line formula flood discharging tunnel of high water head still exists.
In addition, imperial new line formula generally all is arranged as full free flow form, and to require the Diversion Tunnel axis be straight line, energy dissipater in the hole is not set, but stream or the energy dissipating of underflow mode are chosen in employing in the downstream, and therefore, the reconstruction scheme of imperial new line formula exists the situation of turning inapplicable for the Diversion Tunnel second half section.
The reconstruction scheme of spiral-flow type is generally the vertical shaft spiral-flow type, promptly above former Diversion Tunnel, build a tunnel, and it is coupled to make the whirlpool device by the vertical shaft that the Diversion Tunnel top is provided with, and makes the current that enter vertical shaft form adherent vortex flow, so as to eliminating the most of kinetic energy in the water channel.Its main feature is: the energy dissipation rate height; Adherent vortex flow increases sluice way limit wall pressure by force, adds the current aeration, can reduce the possibility that high water head drain cavern limit wall produces cavitation erosion; Most of kinetic energy of current can be eliminated in flood-relief channel inside, can not cause the atomizing pollution behind the flood discharge hole outlet and serious erosion damage (Dong Xinglin, the Yu Minmin in downstream, Wu Cengmou, Chen Nianshui. the research of reconstruction of diversion tunnel spiral-flow type flood discharging tunnel and application [J] hydroelectric generation, 2002, (04)).Vertical shaft spiral-flow type flood discharging tunnel is applicable to generally that flow is less and engineering reconstruction that head is higher, as seeing the part case history of having listed flood discharging tunnel employing vertical shaft cyclone mode from table 1, preceding 4 engineerings that adopted all belong to the higher relatively minor works of the less head of flow, the parameter k that its flow is compared with head (k=Q/H) value is all less than 3, though 5～7 also is the engineering that adopts spiral flow energy dissipating mode, but be level rotary flow, it requires the section of level rotary flow hole section to be necessary for circle, thereby the reconstruction of diversion tunnel of inapplicable gateway opening shape section is a flood discharging tunnel; Though other 4 domestic major workss were studied when utilizing reconstruction of diversion tunnel for flood discharging tunnel, adopt the vertical shaft cyclone mode, all do not implement.So vertical shaft spiral-flow type scheme reconstruction flood discharging tunnel generally is applicable to the less and head condition with higher of flow.
Table 1
| Sequence number | Engineering name | High water head (H, m) | Maximum stream flow (Q, m 3/s) | k＝Q/ | Remarks | |
| 1 | Husky board | 91.30 | 245.00 | 2.68 | Build up | |
| 2 | Benevolence ancestor sea | 56.88 | 145.70 | 2.55 | In the | |
| 3 | The lion level ground | 129.09 | 261.85 | 2.03 | In the construction | |
| 4 | Many promises | 112.11 | 137.90 | 1.23 | In the | |
| 5 | The Gongbo gorge | 102.50 | 1060.00 | 10.3 | Vertical shaft influent stream level is revolved | |
| 6 | In the India spy | 203.36 | 1820.40 | 8.95 | Vertical shaft influent stream level is revolved | |
| 7 | The Luo Gong of the former Soviet Union | 200.80 | 1912.50 | 9.52 | Vertical shaft influent stream level is revolved | |
| 8 | La Xiwa | 159.80 | 1700.00 | 10.64 | Do not adopt | |
| 9 | Flood man is crossed | 143.19 | 1643.00 | 10.07 | Do not adopt | |
| 11 | Voe | 143.80 | 1420.00 | 9.87 | Do not adopt | |
| 12 | Small stream Luo Du | 241.49 | 2768.90 | 11.46 | Do not adopt |
Because hydraulic engineering construction all will be limited by hydrogeology and the orographic condition of building ground, thereby for some engineering, because the restriction of orographic condition, Diversion Tunnel exists turns, and just is not suitable for the reconstruction scheme with imperial new line formula; The Diversion Tunnel that has floods requirement because buried depth is not enough or outlet is satisfied, can not reconstruct the pressure flood discharging tunnel, also is not suitable for the reconstruction scheme with imperial new line formula; And under the bigger situation of reservoir area, river flood discharge flow-rate ratio, reconstruct into the scheme of vertical shaft spiral-flow type flood discharging tunnel also not too suitable.In order to make full use of Diversion Tunnel,, also need to research and develop new reconstruction of diversion tunnel pattern in order to avoid form waste.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is the difficulty that exists at reconstruction of diversion tunnel flood discharging tunnel in the reservoir area, river of middle low water head, big flow flood discharge requirement, a kind of new reconstruction scheme is provided, being about to reconstruction of diversion tunnel is the method that the pressure expanded aerated flood-discharge hole is arranged, to give full play to the late-acting of Diversion Tunnel, for hydraulic engineering construction is reduced investment outlay.
Provided by the invention is the method that the pressure expanded aerated flood-discharge hole is arranged with reconstruction of diversion tunnel, and this method is that one section pressurized tunnel is built in the reservoir area, river behind the Diversion Tunnel water inlet end and top, Diversion Tunnel hole joins, and the inducer of this pressurized tunnel is provided with lock chamber; In the preceding half section Diversion Tunnel of pressurized tunnel and Diversion Tunnel joint plug is set, in the Diversion Tunnel of second half section pressure slope is set, the current of using before the pressure slope are the pressure flow attitude, and the current that go out behind the pressure slope are free flow.
In order to make applicable surface of the present invention wider, and make that to regulate control more convenient, also can adopt following technical measures:
1, the hole plug can be set as required in the Diversion Tunnel between pressurized tunnel and Diversion Tunnel joint and pressure slope, low to make full use of the Diversion Tunnel position, the characteristics that the static pressure head is high, thereby reduce the ratio of hole consent mouth and the discharge area of former Diversion Tunnel as much as possible, improve energy dissipating efficient greatly, also can guarantee simultaneously has enough malleations in the plug of hole, to prevent cavitation.
2, the area of the pressurized tunnel outlet section that joins with Diversion Tunnel can dwindle to the exit end face direction as required gradually, the vertical sectional shape that makes the pressurized tunnel outlet section is taper, speed so that the basal area that enters Diversion Tunnel water by control comes controlled water flow to enter Diversion Tunnel improves energy dissipation rate suitable the raising under the water velocity that enters Diversion Tunnel.
3, can as required aerator be set on the Diversion Tunnel base plate below the pressure slope port of export or/and on the Diversion Tunnel two side walls at the pressure slope port of export side aerator is set,, avoid occurring cavitation erosion with protection side wall and increase air entrainment.
Compared with the prior art the present invention also has the following advantages:
Provided by the invention is the method that the pressure expanded aerated flood-discharge hole is arranged with reconstruction of diversion tunnel, compare with dragon new line formula reconstruction scheme, because of the tunnel of the section of building newly of the present invention is a pressure flow, thereby can adapt to the different arrangement forms of former engineering Diversion Tunnel, widely applicable, particularly be not subjected to Diversion Tunnel whether to have the influence of turning.
Provided by the invention is the method that the pressure expanded aerated flood-discharge hole is arranged with reconstruction of diversion tunnel, compare with vertical shaft spiral-flow type reconstruction scheme, the tunnel of the section of building newly build of the present invention is simple, and size is less, avoided in the vertical shaft eddy flow scheme tunnel build huger, volute chamber structure is than complicated problems.
Provided by the invention is the method that the pressure expanded aerated flood-discharge hole is arranged with reconstruction of diversion tunnel, is applicable to that also the level of tail water is not very high, can not satisfy the submerge discharging flow requirement, and the Diversion Tunnel buried depth is not enough or other can not bear the reconstruction of too big internal water pressure situation.
Provided by the invention is the method that the pressure expanded aerated flood-discharge hole is arranged with reconstruction of diversion tunnel, because the scheme of pressing sudden expansion to form free flow is arranged, for flow-shape, (being in the pressure slope) is single water body pressure flow before the jet aperture, jet aperture (being the pressure slope outlet) is the open channel aerated flow afterwards, and fluidised form is clear; From the energy dissipating angle, if be controlled at about 25m/s with exit velocity, then its velocity head is about 32m, added and pressed section and energy inlet loss, need the energy of consumption less, show, even do not add the hole plug according to experimental study, there is the energy dissipation rate of the section of pressing also can reach 28%～35%, the requirement of low water head situation in therefore generally satisfying.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is for using a kind of layout schematic diagram of reconstructing mode of the inventive method;
Fig. 2 reconstructs the layout schematic diagram of mode for the another kind of using the inventive method;
Fig. 3 is that schematic diagram is arranged in the vertical section of Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 arranges schematic diagram for the vertical section that has added hole plug and aerator on Fig. 3 basis;
Fig. 5 is taper for making the vertical sectional shape of the pressurized tunnel outlet section at Diversion Tunnel top on Fig. 2 basis, and schematic diagram is arranged in the vertical section that has added hole plug, aerator simultaneously.
The specific embodiment
Provide embodiment and the present invention is specifically described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.Be necessary to be pointed out that at this following examples only are used for that the invention will be further described; can not be interpreted as limiting the scope of the invention; some nonessential improvement and adjustment that the professional and technical personnel in this field makes according to the content of the invention described above still belong to protection scope of the present invention.
The present embodiment scheme is that one section pressurized tunnel 1 is built in the reservoir area, river behind Diversion Tunnel 4 water inlet ends and top, Diversion Tunnel 4 holes joins, it both can join at the straight line place of Diversion Tunnel 4 water inlet ends, as shown in Figure 1, also can join, as shown in Figure 2 at the bend place of Diversion Tunnel 4 water inlet ends.The inducer of this pressurized tunnel 1 is provided with lock chamber 2.In the preceding half section Diversion Tunnel 4 of pressurized tunnel 1 and Diversion Tunnel 4 joints plug 5 is set, in the Diversion Tunnel 4 of second half section pressure slope 6 is set, the current of using before the pressure slope 6 are the pressure flow attitude, and the current that go out behind the pressure slope 6 are free flow, see Fig. 3.Need to increase the energy dissipating effect and strengthen aeration if consider, can in the Diversion Tunnel 4 between pressurized tunnel 1 and Diversion Tunnel 4 joints and the pressure slope 6, set up hole plug 7, on the Diversion Tunnel base plate 8 below pressure slope 6 ports of export, aerator 9 is set, see Fig. 4, also can on Diversion Tunnel 4 two side walls of pressure slope 6 ports of export, side aerator 10 be set simultaneously, see Fig. 5.Also can bear the ability of pressure in addition according to Diversion Tunnel base plate 8, regulate the area of pressurized tunnel 1 outlet section 3 that joins with Diversion Tunnel 4, can be as required, pressurized tunnel outlet section 3 is dwindled gradually to the exit end face direction, making its vertical sectional shape is taper, see Fig. 5,, make it to improve energy dissipation rate suitable the raising under the water velocity that enters Diversion Tunnel 4 to reach the speed that controlled water flow enters Diversion Tunnel 4.
Claims (8)
1, a kind of reconstruction of diversion tunnel is the method that the pressure expanded aerated flood-discharge hole is arranged, and this method is that one section pressurized tunnel is built in the reservoir area, river behind the Diversion Tunnel water inlet end and top, Diversion Tunnel hole joins, and the inducer of this pressurized tunnel is provided with lock chamber; In the preceding half section Diversion Tunnel of pressurized tunnel and Diversion Tunnel joint plug is set, in the Diversion Tunnel of second half section pressure slope is set, the current of using before the pressure slope are the pressure flow attitude, and the current that go out behind the pressure slope are free flow.
2, reconstruction of diversion tunnel according to claim 1 is the method that the pressure expanded aerated flood-discharge hole is arranged, and it is characterized in that can also being provided with in the Diversion Tunnel between pressurized tunnel and Diversion Tunnel joint and pressure slope the hole plug.
3, reconstruction of diversion tunnel according to claim 1 and 2 is the method that the pressure expanded aerated flood-discharge hole is arranged, the area that it is characterized in that the pressurized tunnel outlet section that joins with Diversion Tunnel can also dwindle gradually to the exit end face direction, and the vertical sectional shape that makes the pressurized tunnel outlet section is taper.
4, reconstruction of diversion tunnel according to claim 1 and 2 is the method that the pressure expanded aerated flood-discharge hole is arranged, and it is characterized in that on the Diversion Tunnel base plate below the pressure slope port of export aerator being set.
5, reconstruction of diversion tunnel according to claim 3 is the method that the pressure expanded aerated flood-discharge hole is arranged, and it is characterized in that on the Diversion Tunnel base plate below the pressure slope port of export aerator being set.
6, reconstruction of diversion tunnel according to claim 1 and 2 is the method that the pressure expanded aerated flood-discharge hole is arranged, and it is characterized in that on the Diversion Tunnel two side walls of the pressure slope port of export side aerator being set.
7, reconstruction of diversion tunnel according to claim 3 is the method that the pressure expanded aerated flood-discharge hole is arranged, and it is characterized in that on the Diversion Tunnel two side walls of the pressure slope port of export side aerator being set.
8, reconstruction of diversion tunnel according to claim 5 is the method that the pressure expanded aerated flood-discharge hole is arranged, and it is characterized in that on the Diversion Tunnel two side walls of the pressure slope port of export side aerator being set.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100215121A CN100392193C (en) | 2006-08-02 | 2006-08-02 | Method for rebuilding diversion tunnel to pressure expanded aerated flood-discharge tunnel |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2006100215121A CN100392193C (en) | 2006-08-02 | 2006-08-02 | Method for rebuilding diversion tunnel to pressure expanded aerated flood-discharge tunnel |
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| CN1888322A true CN1888322A (en) | 2007-01-03 |
| CN100392193C CN100392193C (en) | 2008-06-04 |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101215830B (en) * | 2007-12-29 | 2010-10-06 | 四川大学 | Vertical shaft rotational flow flood discharging tunnel and emptying tunnel or diversion tunnel vertical arrangement hydraulic structure combination |
| CN101748712B (en) * | 2009-12-11 | 2011-11-30 | 四川大学 | Method for rebuilding diversion tunnel into spillway tunnel by utilizing combined pore plate energy dissipation technology |
| CN102367662A (en) * | 2011-11-15 | 2012-03-07 | 中国水电顾问集团成都勘测设计研究院 | Arrangement structure of underground lock chambers of diversion tunnel |
| CN102787586A (en) * | 2012-08-22 | 2012-11-21 | 黄河勘测规划设计有限公司 | Arrangement method for combining second-stage diversion building with sand discharge gate |
| CN104480912A (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2015-04-01 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Flood discharging tunnel structure |
| CN105155484A (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2015-12-16 | 四川大学 | Method for reconstructing temporary diversion tunnel into permanent flood discharge facility |
| CN105178268A (en) * | 2015-08-11 | 2015-12-23 | 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Construction method and structure achieving combination of diversion tunnel and flood discharging tunnel |
| CN106284240A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-01-04 | 中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of power station is in construction time downstream interim water-supply structure and method |
| CN109371914A (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-02-22 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of discharge channel structure convenient for later period reconstruction |
| CN113622384A (en) * | 2021-08-09 | 2021-11-09 | 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Slope upper edge capable of enhancing self-aeration capacity of water flow surface |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1168654A1 (en) * | 1984-02-06 | 1985-07-23 | Республиканский Институт Проектирования Водного Хозяйства "Литгипроводхоз" | Spillway of hydraulic structure |
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2006
- 2006-08-02 CN CNB2006100215121A patent/CN100392193C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101215830B (en) * | 2007-12-29 | 2010-10-06 | 四川大学 | Vertical shaft rotational flow flood discharging tunnel and emptying tunnel or diversion tunnel vertical arrangement hydraulic structure combination |
| CN101748712B (en) * | 2009-12-11 | 2011-11-30 | 四川大学 | Method for rebuilding diversion tunnel into spillway tunnel by utilizing combined pore plate energy dissipation technology |
| CN102367662A (en) * | 2011-11-15 | 2012-03-07 | 中国水电顾问集团成都勘测设计研究院 | Arrangement structure of underground lock chambers of diversion tunnel |
| CN102787586A (en) * | 2012-08-22 | 2012-11-21 | 黄河勘测规划设计有限公司 | Arrangement method for combining second-stage diversion building with sand discharge gate |
| CN102787586B (en) * | 2012-08-22 | 2014-04-16 | 黄河勘测规划设计有限公司 | Arrangement method for combining second-stage diversion building with sand discharge gate |
| CN104480912A (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2015-04-01 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Flood discharging tunnel structure |
| CN105155484A (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2015-12-16 | 四川大学 | Method for reconstructing temporary diversion tunnel into permanent flood discharge facility |
| CN105155484B (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2017-04-05 | 四川大学 | By the method that the reconstruction of temporary diversion hole is permanent release floodwatering facility |
| CN105178268A (en) * | 2015-08-11 | 2015-12-23 | 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Construction method and structure achieving combination of diversion tunnel and flood discharging tunnel |
| CN106284240A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-01-04 | 中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of power station is in construction time downstream interim water-supply structure and method |
| CN109371914A (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-02-22 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of discharge channel structure convenient for later period reconstruction |
| CN109371914B (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2023-09-26 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Drain channel structure convenient to later stage rebuild |
| CN113622384A (en) * | 2021-08-09 | 2021-11-09 | 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Slope upper edge capable of enhancing self-aeration capacity of water flow surface |
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| CN100392193C (en) | 2008-06-04 |
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