CN204644993U - A kind of shaft structure being communicated with outlet structure escape works - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a shaft structure connected to drainage structures. The shaft structure includes shafts, multi-stage drainage structures, and diversion tunnels communicated with downstream channels; the shaft includes multi-stage vertically connected vortex chamber vortex well units and a stilling well; each stage of vortex chamber vortex The well unit includes a vortex chamber and a vortex well connected to the bottom end of the vortex chamber. The top of the vortex chamber is connected, and the bottom end of the vortex well unit of the lowest level of vortex chamber is respectively connected with the stilling well and the diversion tunnel; Vortex connected. The utility model makes the shaft suitable for high-velocity water discharge structures, and multiple drainage structures share one vertical shaft, thus solving the problem of flood discharge and energy dissipation of high-flow rate water discharge structures such as flood discharge tunnels, vent holes or bottom holes. question.

Description

A shaft structure connected to drainage buildings

technical field

The utility model relates to the field of flood discharge and energy dissipation of water conservancy and hydropower projects, in particular to a shaft structure connected to discharge buildings.

Background technique

The diversion tunnel is a drainage structure used in many water conservancy and hydropower projects during the construction period. In order to make the diversion tunnel play a permanent role after the completion of the project, engineers and technicians have carried out a lot of research work. More and more projects choose to rebuild the diversion tunnel as a part of the spillway, spillway, vent hole or bottom hole, and the basic types of reconstruction are mainly dragon head type and shaft type.

The shaft type is a structural type that uses a vertical shaft to connect the upper spillway, spillway, vent hole or bottom hole with the lower diversion hole. Guided by the vortex chamber arranged on the upper part of the shaft, the discharged water flow is smoothly introduced into the vortex well in the form of swirling flow, and forms a wall-attached vortex flow; the water flow has shearing and entrainment effects with the air during the wall-adhering flow process , carrying a large amount of gas into the water body in the stilling well, causing violent collision, shearing and mixing, and dissipating a large amount of energy; The way turns and enters the diversion tunnel, and then flows into the downstream canal.

For discharge structures with high flow head (such as flood discharge tunnels, vent holes, and bottom holes), when the outlet flow velocity is greater than 30m/s, the possibility of water flow causing cavitation damage to the side wall is relatively high, so the shaft type is generally suitable for Drainage structures with low-velocity head, and only applicable to a single drainage structure.

Utility model content

The utility model aims to provide a vertical shaft structure connected to a drainage structure, which makes the vertical shaft suitable for a drainage structure with a high flow rate head, and a plurality of drainage structures share one vertical shaft.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the utility model is:

A vertical shaft structure connected to a drainage structure, the structural features of which include

shaft;

Multi-stage drainage structures;

Diversion tunnels connected with downstream canals;

The vertical shaft includes multi-stage vertically connected vortex chamber vortex well units and a stilling well; each stage vortex chamber vortex well unit includes a vortex chamber and a vortex well communicated with the bottom end of the vortex chamber, and two adjacent vortex chambers The bottom end of the vortex well of the upper-stage vortex chamber vortex well unit of the chamber vortex well unit communicates with the top end of the vortex chamber of the next-stage vortex chamber vortex well unit, and the bottom end of the vortex well of the lowest-level vortex chamber vortex well unit is respectively connected to the The stilling well communicates with the diversion tunnel;

Each level of drainage structure communicates with the vortex chamber of the vortex chamber vortex well unit of the corresponding level.

The vortex chamber of the uppermost vortex chamber vortex well unit communicates with the atmosphere through the vent hole.

Following is the further improved technical scheme of the utility model:

Further, the discharge structure is at least two of spillway, spillway, vent hole and bottom hole.

In order to avoid the impact of the discharge water flow in the vortex well unit of the upper stage on the wall surface of the vortex well in the vortex well unit of the next stage, and to avoid separation of the water flow from the wall, the diameter of the lower end of the vortex well is not greater than the diameter of the upper end. Furthermore, the vortex well is in the shape of an inverted cone, and the diameter of the lower end of the vortex well is smaller than the diameter of the upper end. Tests have proved that this design can ensure that the water flow in the vortex well always flows close to the side wall without separation.

In adjacent two-stage vortex chamber and vortex well units, the top diameter of the vortex well of the next-stage vortex chamber vortex well unit is not less than the bottom diameter of the vortex well of the upper-stage vortex chamber vortex well unit, and the lower-stage vortex chamber vortex well unit The diameter of the vortex chamber of the well unit is not smaller than the diameter of the vortex chamber of the upper-stage vortex chamber vortex well unit.

The top diameter of the vortex well of the next-stage vortex chamber vortex well unit is greater than the top diameter of the vortex well of the upper-stage vortex chamber vortex well unit, and the vortex chamber diameter of the lower-stage vortex chamber vortex well unit is larger than the upper-stage vortex chamber vortex. The diameter of the vortex chamber of the well unit. Thus, the diameter of the upper end of the lower-stage vortex well is greater than the diameter of the lower end of the upper-stage vortex well, which prevents the water flow discharged from the upper-stage vortex well from impacting the walls of the lower-stage vortex chamber and the vortex well.

The discharge structure has three levels, the uppermost level is a spillway, the middle level is a spillway, and the lowest level is a vent hole or a bottom hole; the vortex chamber and vortex well unit has three levels.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the utility model is that the utility model sets up a plurality of vortex chambers in sections at different elevations of the shaft, and the vortex chambers are respectively connected with a plurality of different drainage structures, so that the single height The flow rate head discharge structure is decomposed into multiple low flow head discharge structures, and the top-down discharge structures are used to discharge floods in stages to reduce the upstream water level, thereby solving the problem of high flow rate water heads such as flood discharge tunnels, vent holes or bottom holes Flood discharge and energy dissipation of drainage structures.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the utility model is described further.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural sectional view of an embodiment of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is a plan view of an embodiment of the utility model.

In the picture

1-water discharge structure; 11-spillway; 12-spill tunnel; 13-empty hole or bottom hole; 2-shaft; 21-vortex chamber; 22-vortex well; 23-stilling well; 4- Air vent.

Detailed ways

A kind of vertical shaft structure that communicates with drainage structures, as shown in Figure 1, the vertical shaft structure of the present embodiment comprises shaft 2, and described vertical shaft 2 is provided with 3 vortex chambers 21, 3 vortex wells 22 and 1 stilling well 23; the lower end of each vortex chamber 21 communicates with the upper end of the vortex well 22, the diameter of the lower end of the vortex well 22 is smaller than the diameter of the upper end, and is in the shape of an inverted cone; the diameter of the upper end of the vortex well 22 of the next stage is larger than that of the previous stage The diameter of the lower end of the vortex well 22; the vortex chamber 21 communicates with the spillway 11, the spillway 12, the vent hole or the bottom hole 13 respectively; The top of the upper vortex chamber 21 communicates with the atmosphere through the air hole 4; the diversion hole 3 is connected with the downstream channel.

In summary, the vertical shaft of the utility model is provided with multi-stage vortex chambers and vortex wells in sections at different elevations, and the vortex chambers at each level are respectively connected with the corresponding spillway, spillway, vent hole or bottom hole and other drainage structures. The lower end of the vortex chamber of each stage is connected with the upper end of the vortex well, the lower end of the lowest vortex well is connected with the stilling well and the diversion hole, and the top of the vertical shaft is connected with the atmosphere through the air hole.

A method for flood discharge using the vertical shaft structure connected to the discharge structure of this embodiment. The discharge structure has three levels, the uppermost level is the spillway 11, the middle level is the spillway 12, and the lowest level is the spillway 11. Empty hole or bottom hole 13; concrete flood discharge steps are:

Firstly, the spillway 11 is opened for flood discharge until the upstream water level is reduced to the weir crest elevation of the spillway 11;

Then open the flood discharge tunnel 12 for flood discharge until the upstream water level is reduced to the inlet floor elevation of the flood discharge tunnel 12;

Open empty hole or bottom hole 13 flood discharge at last.

Therefore, the utility model decomposes a single high-velocity water head drainage structure into multiple low-flow rate water head drainage structures, and discharges floods in stages through the top-down drainage structures to reduce the upstream water level, thereby solving the problem of flood discharge tunnels. Flood discharge and energy dissipation of high-velocity head discharge structures such as vent holes or bottom holes.

The above-mentioned embodiments should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the utility model more clearly, and are not intended to limit the scope of the utility model. After reading the utility model, those skilled in the art will understand each aspect of the utility model The modifications of all equivalent forms all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims of the present application.

Claims (8)

1. A vertical shaft structure connected to a drainage structure, characterized in that, comprising Shaft(2); Multi-stage drainage structures (1); A diversion tunnel (3) connected to the downstream canal; The vertical shaft (2) includes multi-stage vertically connected vortex chamber vortex well units and a stilling well (23); each stage vortex chamber vortex well unit includes a vortex chamber (21) and the vortex chamber (21) The vortex well (22) connected at the bottom, the vortex well (22) of the upper-stage vortex-chamber vortex-well unit adjacent to the two-stage vortex-chamber vortex-well unit is connected to the vortex chamber (21) of the next-stage vortex-chamber vortex well unit ) is connected at the top, and the bottom end of the vortex well (22) of the lowest-level vortex chamber vortex well unit is respectively connected with the stilling well (23) and the diversion tunnel (3); Each level of drainage structure (1) communicates with the vortex chamber (21) of the vortex chamber vortex well unit of the corresponding level. 2. The shaft structure connecting the drainage structures according to claim 1, characterized in that, the drainage structures (1) are spillways (11), spillway tunnels (12), vent holes and bottom holes (13 ) at least two of them. 3. The vertical shaft structure connecting drainage structures according to claim 1, characterized in that the vortex chamber (21) of the uppermost vortex chamber vortex well unit communicates with the atmosphere through the vent hole (4). 4. The vertical shaft structure connecting drainage structures according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the diameter of the lower end of the vortex well (22) is not greater than the diameter of the upper end. 5. The vertical shaft structure connecting drainage structures according to claim 4, characterized in that, the vortex well (22) is in an inverted cone shape, and the diameter of the lower end of the vortex well (22) is smaller than the diameter of the upper end. 6. according to the vertical shaft structure of one of claim 1-3 connected drainage structure, it is characterized in that, in the adjacent two-stage vortex chamber vortex well unit, the vortex well (22 of the next stage vortex chamber vortex well unit ) top diameter is not less than the bottom diameter of the vortex well (22) of the upper vortex chamber vortex well unit, and the diameter of the vortex chamber (21) of the lower vortex chamber vortex well unit is not smaller than the upper vortex chamber vortex well The diameter of the vortex chamber (21) of the unit. 7. The vertical shaft structure connecting drainage structures according to claim 6, characterized in that, the top diameter of the vortex well (22) of the next stage vortex chamber vortex well unit is greater than the vortex of the upper stage vortex chamber vortex well unit The top diameter of the well (22), and the diameter of the vortex chamber (21) of the next-stage vortex chamber vortex well unit is greater than the diameter of the vortex chamber (21) of the upper-stage vortex chamber vortex well unit. 8. The vertical shaft structure connected to the drainage structure according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the drainage structure has three levels, the uppermost level is the spillway (11), and the middle level is the flood discharge Hole (12), the lowest level is vent hole or bottom hole (13); said vortex chamber vortex well unit has three levels correspondingly.