CN210712778U - Vertical shaft aeration drainage structure - Google Patents
Vertical shaft aeration drainage structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN210712778U CN210712778U CN201921579445.4U CN201921579445U CN210712778U CN 210712778 U CN210712778 U CN 210712778U CN 201921579445 U CN201921579445 U CN 201921579445U CN 210712778 U CN210712778 U CN 210712778U
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Abstract
The utility model belongs to the technical field of water conservancy water and electricity facility flood discharge hole shaft structure and specifically relates to a through carrying out aeration and corrosion reduction to the shaft to ensure shaft aeration drainage structures of shaft section safe operation, including the shaft, the shaft from top to bottom divide into last volute chamber section, shrink section, shaft middle part section and shaft lower part section in proper order, wherein, be provided with the tonifying qi passageway between the exit end of shrink section bottom and the entry end at shaft middle part section top. Under the action of flowing water flow, gas can enter through the gas supplementing channel to achieve the effect of aeration, so that the safe operation of the vertical shaft section is guaranteed. In addition, the height of the vertical shaft can be increased according to a high water head through the structural design, and the vertical shaft is not limited by cavitation and cavitation erosion. The adopted air supply channel design has a simple air mixing structure, even though the partial excavation amount is increased, the risk of cavitation and cavitation erosion is eliminated, the later-period operation safety is facilitated, and the later-period maintenance cost is greatly reduced. The utility model discloses be particularly useful for among the flood discharge hole shaft air entrainment structure.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower facility flood discharge hole shaft structure and specifically relates to a shaft aeration drainage structures.
Background
With the national demand for clean energy of water and electricity, a large number of high dams need to be built, and water heads are used for power generation. During construction, diversion works are arranged to discharge river flood, and can be combined with permanent works after the diversion works are finished, so that the pivot arrangement is compact and more economical; therefore, the upper horizontal section and the vertical shaft section are newly built through the vertical shaft flood discharging tunnel, and the lower horizontal section is combined with the diversion tunnel for use, so that the investment can be greatly saved. However, the vertical shaft is affected by a high water head, when water flow in the vertical shaft section flows from the upper part to the lower part in a swirling mode, the flow velocity of the water flow is increased along the way to form high-speed water flow, cavitation erosion is easy to occur, and the high-speed water flow needs to be aerated in the vertical shaft section to protect the safety of the lower part of the vertical shaft section.
For the problem of cavitation erosion of the shaft section of the flood discharge tunnel of the high-head shaft, the cavitation erosion is generally carried out by the following two measures at present: 1) the water level at the lower part of the vertical shaft is raised, the high-speed water flow section is reduced, the cavitation erosion is avoided, but the energy dissipation rate of the vertical shaft is reduced, the effect of the vertical shaft is not fully exerted, the flow velocity of the lower horizontal section of the vertical shaft is increased, and the structural design difficulty of the lower horizontal section is increased; 2) the structural strength is improved, the shaft is resistant to cavitation erosion by improving the strength of the shaft, and according to the previous engineering experience and theoretical analysis, if cavitation occurs, cavitation erosion damage is easy to occur even if the steel plate lining is subjected to a certain operation period, and the durability is insufficient. Under the requirement of guaranteeing the energy dissipation rate of the vertical shaft, the two measures cannot effectively solve the problem of cavitation and cavitation erosion of the vertical shaft with high water head.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to solve the technical problem that a through carry out aeration and subtract erosion to the shaft is provided to guarantee shaft aeration drainage structures of shaft section safe operation.
The utility model provides a technical scheme that its technical problem adopted is: the vertical shaft aeration drainage structure comprises a vertical shaft, wherein the vertical shaft is sequentially divided into an upper volute chamber section, a contraction section, a vertical shaft middle section and a vertical shaft lower section from top to bottom, and an air supply channel is arranged between an outlet end at the bottom of the contraction section and an inlet end at the top of the vertical shaft middle section.
Further, the air supply channel is an annular air supply channel.
Further, the diameter of the inlet end at the top of the constriction is larger than the diameter of the outlet end at the bottom of the constriction.
Furthermore, the diameter of the outlet end at the bottom of the contraction section is smaller than that of the inlet end at the top of the middle section of the vertical shaft, and the annular air supplementing channel is arranged between the outlet end at the bottom of the contraction section and the inlet end at the top of the middle section of the vertical shaft.
Further, the vortex chamber air supply device comprises a vertical air supply channel, one end of the vertical air supply channel is communicated with the upper vortex chamber section, and the other end of the vertical air supply channel is communicated with the air supply channel.
Further, a middle section annular air supply channel of the vertical shaft is arranged at the middle section of the vertical shaft.
Further, the vertical air supply channel is communicated with the annular air supply channel at the middle section of the vertical shaft.
Further, the vertical air supply channel is arranged along the outer wall surface of the vertical shaft.
Further, the upper volute chamber section is communicated with the front section of the vertical shaft.
The utility model has the advantages that: when in actual use, because be provided with the tonifying qi passageway between the exit end of shrink section bottom and the entry end at shaft middle part section top, consequently, under the rivers effect that flows, thereby the realization that can be natural is gaseous to get into the effect that realizes the aerification through the tonifying qi passageway to guarantee shaft section safe operation. In addition, the height of the vertical shaft can be increased according to a high water head through the structural design, and the vertical shaft is not limited by cavitation and cavitation erosion. The adopted air supply channel design has a simple air supply structure, the cavitation risk is basically eliminated although the partial excavation amount is increased, the later-period operation safety is facilitated, and the later-period maintenance cost is greatly reduced. The utility model discloses be particularly useful for among the flood discharge hole shaft air entrainment structure.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a top view of a water flow section where the shaft of the present invention is located.
Fig. 2 is a side sectional view of the structure of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a sectional view a-a in fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a sectional view B-B in fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view C-C in fig. 2.
Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line D-D in fig. 2.
Labeled as: the device comprises a vertical shaft 1, a diversion tunnel front section 3, a diversion tunnel plugging section 31, a dam curtain 4, a diversion tunnel combining section 5, a water flow direction 6, a downstream river channel 7, a tunnel water surface line 8, a reservoir water level 10, an original ground line 11, a vertical shaft front section 12, a vertical air supplementing channel 13, an annular air supplementing channel 14, a vertical shaft middle section annular air supplementing channel 15, an upper volute chamber section a, a contraction section b, a vertical shaft middle section c, a vertical shaft lower section D, an upper volute chamber section diameter D0, a diameter D1 of an outlet end of the bottom of the contraction section, a diameter D2 of an inlet end of the top of the vertical shaft middle section, an inner ring inner diameter D3 of the vertical shaft middle section annular air supplementing channel, an outer ring inner diameter D4 of the vertical shaft middle section annular air supplementing channel, a ring air supplementing channel width L46.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The vertical shaft aeration drainage structure shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4, fig. 5 and fig. 6 comprises a vertical shaft 1, wherein the vertical shaft 1 is sequentially divided into an upper volute chamber section a, a contraction section b, a vertical shaft middle section c and a vertical shaft lower section d from top to bottom, and an air supply channel is arranged between an outlet end at the bottom of the contraction section b and an inlet end at the top of the vertical shaft middle section c.
The vertical shaft 1 involved in the utility model is a well-shaped pipeline with a vertical hole wall. The reference to aeration means: the ridge or the groove is arranged in the high-speed water flow area, when water flow passes through the aeration facility, separation is generated, an aeration cavity is formed at the downstream of the ridge or the groove, and a large amount of air is forced to be mixed into the water flow under the turbulent action of the high-speed water flow to aerate the water flow to form a water-air mixture. When the air supply device is in practical use, the air supply channel is arranged between the outlet end at the bottom of the contraction section b and the inlet end at the top of the middle section c of the vertical shaft to form a cavity, so that air can be conveyed to the air supply channel, air supply is guaranteed, air entrainment and corrosion reduction are realized, and safe operation of the vertical shaft section is guaranteed. The upper volute chamber section a is communicated with the front shaft section 12, and water flow enters the shaft 1 through the front shaft section 12. The air supply channel can also be used as an outer water discharge channel of the upper well wall, so that the outer water pressure of the well wall is reduced, the purpose of water discharge and pressure reduction is effectively achieved, the thickness and the reinforcing bars of the vertical well structure are reduced, and the economical efficiency is improved.
In connection with the practice, as shown in fig. 4, preferably the air supply channel is a circumferential air supply channel 14. In accordance with this structure, it is preferable that the diameter of the inlet end at the top of the constriction b is larger than the diameter of the outlet end at the bottom of the constriction b. As shown in FIG. 2, the contraction section b is a bellmouth structure with a large upper part and a small lower part, and the structure can ensure that the water flow rotates along the wall and travels downwards. The contraction section b enables the water flow delay to rotate downward along the wall, so that the rotary energy dissipation is realized, and the purpose of increasing the energy dissipation rate of the vertical shaft is achieved.
On the basis of the structure, in order to realize better aeration effect, the diameter of the outlet end at the bottom of the contraction section b is preferably smaller than that of the inlet end at the top of the shaft middle section c, and the annular air supplementing channel 14 is arranged between the outlet end at the bottom of the contraction section b and the inlet end at the top of the shaft middle section c. As shown in fig. 2 and 4, the annular air supply channel 14 can be well matched with the water flow flowing out of the contraction section b to form a cavity, so as to complete the corresponding aeration effect.
In order to enhance the supply of the gas required in the aeration process, the following scheme can be selected: the vortex chamber air supply device comprises a vertical air supply channel 13, wherein one end of the vertical air supply channel 13 is communicated with an upper vortex chamber section a, and the other end of the vertical air supply channel 13 is communicated with an air supply channel. Air enters the vertical air supply channel 13 from the atmosphere of the upper vortex chamber section a, is connected with the air supply channel, and finally enters the de-walling negative pressure cavity to be mixed with the water body, so that the aim of air mixing is achieved. The design effectively ensures the gas required by the aeration, and the aeration effect is also ensured. The vertical air supply passage 13 is generally provided along the outer wall surface of the shaft 1.
In order to further enhance the aeration effect, the scheme can be selected as follows: and the middle section c of the vertical shaft is provided with a circular air supplementing channel 15 at the middle section of the vertical shaft. As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 6, the principle of forming the shaft middle section annular air supply channel 15 is the same as that of the annular air supply channel 14, that is, the shaft middle section c is formed by the inner diameter difference of the shaft middle section annular air supply channel inner ring inner diameter D3 and the shaft middle section annular air supply channel outer ring inner diameter D4, the shaft middle section annular air supply channel 15 can further provide air, and forms a "double ring type shaft aeration and drainage structure" together with the vertical air supply channel 13, so as to obtain a very ideal aeration and drainage effect. Typically, as shown in fig. 2, the vertical air supplement channel 13 communicates with a central shaft section annular air supplement channel 15.
Claims (9)
1. Shaft aeration drainage structures, including shaft (1), its characterized in that: shaft (1) from top to bottom divide into vortex chamber section (a), shrink section (b), shaft middle part section (c) and shaft lower part section (d) in proper order, wherein, be provided with the tonifying qi passageway between the exit end of shrink section (b) bottom and the entry end at shaft middle part section (c) top.
2. A vertical shaft aeration drainage arrangement as defined in claim 1 wherein: the air supply channel is an annular air supply channel (14).
3. The vertical shaft aeration drain structure of claim 2, wherein: the diameter of the inlet end at the top of the contraction section (b) is larger than that of the outlet end at the bottom of the contraction section (b).
4. The vertical shaft aeration drain structure of claim 2, wherein: the diameter of the outlet end at the bottom of the contraction section (b) is smaller than that of the inlet end at the top of the shaft middle section (c), and the annular air supplementing channel (14) is arranged between the outlet end at the bottom of the contraction section (b) and the inlet end at the top of the shaft middle section (c).
5. The shaft aeration drain structure of claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein: the vortex chamber air supply device comprises a vertical air supply channel (13), wherein one end of the vertical air supply channel (13) is communicated with an upper vortex chamber section (a), and the other end of the vertical air supply channel (13) is communicated with the air supply channel.
6. The vertical shaft aeration drain of claim 5, wherein: and the middle section (c) of the vertical shaft is provided with a circular air supplementing channel (15) at the middle section of the vertical shaft.
7. The shaft aeration drain structure of claim 6, wherein: the vertical air supply channel (13) is communicated with the annular air supply channel (15) at the middle section of the vertical shaft.
8. The vertical shaft aeration drain of claim 5, wherein: the vertical air supply channel (13) is arranged along the outer wall surface of the vertical shaft (1).
9. The shaft aeration drain structure of claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein: the upper volute chamber section (a) is communicated with the front shaft section (12).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921579445.4U CN210712778U (en) | 2019-09-20 | 2019-09-20 | Vertical shaft aeration drainage structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921579445.4U CN210712778U (en) | 2019-09-20 | 2019-09-20 | Vertical shaft aeration drainage structure |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN210712778U true CN210712778U (en) | 2020-06-09 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201921579445.4U Active CN210712778U (en) | 2019-09-20 | 2019-09-20 | Vertical shaft aeration drainage structure |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110485387A (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2019-11-22 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Vertical shaft aeration discharge structure |
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2019
- 2019-09-20 CN CN201921579445.4U patent/CN210712778U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110485387A (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2019-11-22 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Vertical shaft aeration discharge structure |
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