CN1859879A - 髓内钉 - Google Patents
髓内钉 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1859879A CN1859879A CNA200380110566XA CN200380110566A CN1859879A CN 1859879 A CN1859879 A CN 1859879A CN A200380110566X A CNA200380110566X A CN A200380110566XA CN 200380110566 A CN200380110566 A CN 200380110566A CN 1859879 A CN1859879 A CN 1859879A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/74—Devices for the head or neck or trochanter of the femur
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/72—Intramedullary pins, nails or other devices
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/84—Fasteners therefor or fasteners being internal fixation devices
- A61B17/86—Pins or screws or threaded wires; nuts therefor
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- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种髓内钉(1),特别用于胫骨,包括一个近侧的端部(2)、一个远侧的适用于插入到髓腔内的端部(3)和一条中心轴线(6)。髓内钉(1)具有一个在200至500mm范围内的总长度L和一个长度G≤L的弧形部分(4)。长度G的弧形部分(4)具有一个在300-1300mm范围内的曲率半径R并且比值L/R在0.2至0.8的范围内。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种按照权利要求1的前序部分所述的髓内钉,特别用于胫骨。
背景技术
由CH-A 674 613已知一种此类的髓内钉,它具有一个近侧的端部和一个远侧的端部,这两个部分从中心部分折弯出。近侧的端部可以有一个最大半径为220mm的曲率。
由于胫骨按其本性对每一病人是不同的并且特别具有不同的长度和胫骨坪尺寸(它们是彼此相关的),髓内钉也应该具有根据长度可变的参数。因此一个固定的对所有的髓内钉都有效的曲率半径对于植入不是优化的,因为这导致增大的耗力并导致提高的复位术的损失。
发明内容
在这里本发明将消除这些弊端。本发明的目的在于,提供一种髓内钉,它考虑到胫骨相对于其长度的解剖学的比例并且特别相对于其髓腔延伸是优化的。
本发明利用具有权利要求1的特征的髓内钉达到提出的目的。
通过本发明达到的优点基本上在于,由于按照本发明的髓内钉:
a)在某些指征的情况下,特别在不钻孔的技术的情况下,减小植入力;
b)通过较小的植入力产生较少的复位术损失;
c)在完成植入以后,髓内钉处于髓腔内的生物机械上理想的位置;
d)一旦髓内钉在植入过程中碰到后壁,其曲率就变成有效的(在现有技术中髓内钉在该点必须或者弯曲或者必须忍受复位术的损失)。
在一种特别的实施形式中,髓内钉的远侧的端部构成为长度“l”≤L的直线部分。借此产生各种优点,即:
a)与生物机械的轴线相一致;
b)一种远侧的骨折护理的可能性而没有复位术损失;以及
c)避免远侧的骨断片的位移。
髓内钉的远侧的端部的长度“l”合乎目的地在0.20L至0.55L的范围内,优选在0.25L至0.50L的范围内。
在一种特别的实施形式中,髓内钉的弧形部分与直线部分之间形成一个在7°-12°范围内且优选在8°-9°范围内的角α。与远侧的端部和特殊的曲率半径一起产生一个相对于髓内钉的入口点在髓腔内优化的髓内钉位置。
在一种特别的实施形式中,髓内钉的垂直于中心轴线的横截面构成为非圆形的并优选卵形的或椭圆形的。借此髓内钉可以较深地插入到髓腔内,直到靠在后壁上。
在另一种实施形式中,髓内钉具有一个同轴于中心轴线的纵向孔7。这能够经由一根引导钢丝插入髓内钉,该引导钢绳也可用于钻孔的手术技术。
在另一种实施形式中,髓内钉的近侧的端部构成为长度P≤L的直线部分。这带来生产技术的优点。近侧的端部的长度P合乎目的地在1/6L至1/3L的范围内。
在另一种实施形式中,在近侧的端部的区域内存在至少一个横向于中心轴线延伸的锁定孔。
在另一种实施形式中,在远侧的端部的区域内存在至少一个横向于中心轴线延伸的锁定孔。在采用一个通过锁定孔插入的锁定元件时,不仅实现一种沿轴向方向的位置固定,即防轴向位错的固定,而且实现一种旋转固定,即防扭转位错的固定。
在另一种情况下,弧形部分的曲率半径R在350至1200mm的范围内,优选在400至1100mm的范围内。比值L/R合乎目的地在0.3至0.7的范围内,优选在0.4至0.6的范围内。
在另一种实施形式中,在远侧的端部的区域内存在两个横向于中心轴线延伸的锁定孔。借此产生多个优点:
a)在多个方向锁定的可能性;
b)骨断片相互相对角度稳定的固定;
c)更有利地承受弯矩和轴向的或扭转的负荷。
在另一种实施形式中,两个横向于中心轴线延伸的锁定孔彼此间形成一个45°至90°的角。
在另一种实施形式中,远侧的端部具有三个锁定孔,其中中间的锁定孔与两个其他的锁定孔具有不同的间距。这种设置的优点在于,三锁定孔的轴线没有一个能用作为可能的旋转轴线。这在髓内钉与各锁定元件之间导致一个减小的间隙。
以下借助一插套管的髓内钉简要描述植入方法:
步骤A:根据骨折类型制定和保持最好的复位术;
步骤B:借助于一个打开器械打开髓腔,以使入口角和定向按采用的手术技术与髓腔一致;
步骤C:插入一根引导钢丝直到髓内钉的远侧的将来的终端位置并且确定所需要的髓内钉的长度;
步骤D:将预组装在植入手柄上的髓内钉经由引导钢丝通过打开通道插入髓腔内;
步骤E:在检查髓内钉的轴向位置和复位术后,将髓内钉经由其锁定选择进行锁定。
附图说明
以下借助一个实施例的部分示意图还要更详细地说明本发明和本发明的进一步构成。其中:
图1 髓内钉的纵剖面图;和
图2 沿图1中线II-II截取的剖面图。
具体实施方式
图1和2中所示的髓内钉1设定应用在胫骨上。它包括一个近侧的端部2、一个远侧的适用于插入到髓腔内的端部3和一条中心轴线6。近侧的端部2设有螺纹孔11,以便可以安装一个通用的辅助装置。髓内钉的总长度L为255mm。此外,髓内钉具有一个长度G=127.5mm的弧形部分4,它具有380mm的曲率半径R。因此比值L/R为0.67。髓内钉的曲率在图平面内(在完成髓内钉1的植入以后)相当于解剖学的中间外侧的平面,亦即髓内钉1在完成植入以后,向前后的方向弯曲。
远侧的端部3构成为长度“l”=127.5mm的直线部分5。弧形部分4与直线部分5之间形成一个8°的角α。
此外,髓内钉具有一个同轴于中心轴线6的贯通的纵向孔7。
近侧的端部2构成为长度P=75mm的直线部分8,从而P=0.3L。
在髓内钉1的近侧的端部2的区域内存在两个横向于中心轴线6延伸的锁定孔9,其中一个构成为长孔,以便可以实施压缩。
在远侧的端部3的区域内存在三个横向于中心轴线6延伸的锁定孔10、12、10,它们设置在不同的径向方向并且彼此间形成一个90°的角。其中中间的锁定孔12与两个其他的锁定孔10具有不同的间距。
Claims (15)
1.髓内钉(1),特别用于胫骨,包括一个近侧的端部(2)、一个远侧的适用于插入到髓腔内的端部(3)和一条中心轴线(6),该髓内钉
A)具有一个在200至500mm范围内的总长度L;并且
B)具有一个长度G≤L的弧形部分(4);
其特征在于,
C)长度G的弧形部分(4)具有一个在300-1300mm范围内的曲率半径R;并且
D)比值L/R在0.2至0.8的范围内。
2.按照权利要求1所述的髓内钉(1),其特征在于,远侧的端部(3)构成为长度“l”≤L的直线部分(5)。
3.按照权利要求2所述的髓内钉(1),其特征在于,长度“l”在0.20L至0.55L的范围内,优选在0.25L至0.50L的范围内。
4.按照权利要求2或3所述的髓内钉(1),其特征在于,弧形部分(4)与直线部分(5)之间形成一个在7°-12°优选8°-10°范围内的角α。
5.按照权利要求1至4之一项所述的髓内钉(1),其特征在于,垂直于中心轴线(6)的横截面构成为非圆形的并且优选卵形的或椭圆形的。
6.按照权利要求1至5之一项所述的髓内钉(1),其特征在于,该髓内钉具有同轴于中心轴线(6)的纵向孔(7)。
7.按照权利要求1至6之一项所述的髓内钉(1),其特征在于,近侧的端部(2)构成为长度P≤L的直线部分(8)。
8.按照权利要求7所述的髓内钉(1),其特征在于,近侧的端部(2)的长度P在1/6L至1/3L的范围内。
9.按照权利要求1至8之一项所述的髓内钉(1),其特征在于,在近侧的端部(2)的区域内存在至少一个横向于中心轴线(6)延伸的锁定孔(9)。
10.按照权利要求1至9之一项所述的髓内钉(1),其特征在于,在远侧的端部(3)的区域内存在至少一个横向于中心轴线(6)延伸的锁定孔(10)。
11.按照权利要求1至10之一项所述的髓内钉(1),其特征在于,弧形部分(4)的曲率半径R在350至1200mm优选400至1100mm的范围内。
12.按照权利要求1至11之一项所述的髓内钉(1),其特征在于,比值L/R在0.3至0.7的范围内,优选在0.4至0.6的范围内。
13.按照权利要求1至12之一项所述的髓内钉(1),其特征在于,在远侧的端部(3)的区域内存在两个横向于中心轴线(6)延伸的锁定孔(10)。
14.按照权利要求13所述的髓内钉(1),其特征在于,所述两个横向于中心轴线(6)延伸的锁定孔(10)彼此间形成一个45°至90°的角。
15.按照权利要求1至14之一项所述的髓内钉(1),其特征在于,远侧的端部(3)具有三个锁定孔(10、12、10),其中中间的锁定孔(12)与两个其他的锁定孔(10)具有不同的间距。
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/CH2003/000683 WO2005037116A1 (de) | 2003-10-21 | 2003-10-21 | Marknagel |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CN1859879A true CN1859879A (zh) | 2006-11-08 |
CN100423700C CN100423700C (zh) | 2008-10-08 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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CNB200380110566XA Expired - Fee Related CN100423700C (zh) | 2003-10-21 | 2003-10-21 | 髓内钉 |
Country Status (15)
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US (1) | US20060241605A1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1675514B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2007508852A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR101136221B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN100423700C (zh) |
AR (1) | AR045808A1 (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE462365T1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2003269665B2 (zh) |
BR (1) | BR0318527B1 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2545487C (zh) |
DE (1) | DE50312580D1 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2340479T3 (zh) |
NZ (1) | NZ546545A (zh) |
TW (1) | TWI340634B (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2005037116A1 (zh) |
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-
2003
- 2003-10-21 WO PCT/CH2003/000683 patent/WO2005037116A1/de active Application Filing
- 2003-10-21 BR BRPI0318527-3A patent/BR0318527B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-10-21 CN CNB200380110566XA patent/CN100423700C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-10-21 KR KR1020067006832A patent/KR101136221B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-10-21 JP JP2005509564A patent/JP2007508852A/ja active Pending
- 2003-10-21 DE DE50312580T patent/DE50312580D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-10-21 CA CA2545487A patent/CA2545487C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-10-21 ES ES03750230T patent/ES2340479T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-10-21 EP EP03750230A patent/EP1675514B1/de not_active Revoked
- 2003-10-21 AU AU2003269665A patent/AU2003269665B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2003-10-21 NZ NZ546545A patent/NZ546545A/en unknown
- 2003-10-21 AT AT03750230T patent/ATE462365T1/de active
-
2004
- 2004-08-19 TW TW093124916A patent/TWI340634B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-09-23 AR ARP040103432A patent/AR045808A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2006
- 2006-04-21 US US11/409,398 patent/US20060241605A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE462365T1 (de) | 2010-04-15 |
AR045808A1 (es) | 2005-11-16 |
TWI340634B (en) | 2011-04-21 |
ES2340479T3 (es) | 2010-06-04 |
WO2005037116A1 (de) | 2005-04-28 |
AU2003269665A1 (en) | 2005-05-05 |
CA2545487A1 (en) | 2005-04-28 |
DE50312580D1 (de) | 2010-05-12 |
JP2007508852A (ja) | 2007-04-12 |
CN100423700C (zh) | 2008-10-08 |
AU2003269665B2 (en) | 2008-10-16 |
BR0318527A (pt) | 2006-09-12 |
KR20060096431A (ko) | 2006-09-11 |
EP1675514B1 (de) | 2010-03-31 |
US20060241605A1 (en) | 2006-10-26 |
KR101136221B1 (ko) | 2012-04-17 |
CA2545487C (en) | 2012-05-01 |
NZ546545A (en) | 2008-11-28 |
TW200514541A (en) | 2005-05-01 |
EP1675514A1 (de) | 2006-07-05 |
BR0318527B1 (pt) | 2012-05-02 |
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