CN1858564A - Phase-lock closed loop system of resistance vibration pickup type silicon micro mechanical resonant sensor - Google Patents
Phase-lock closed loop system of resistance vibration pickup type silicon micro mechanical resonant sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN1858564A CN1858564A CN 200610012108 CN200610012108A CN1858564A CN 1858564 A CN1858564 A CN 1858564A CN 200610012108 CN200610012108 CN 200610012108 CN 200610012108 A CN200610012108 A CN 200610012108A CN 1858564 A CN1858564 A CN 1858564A
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Abstract
This invention relates to a phase-locking close-loop system of vibration pick up silicon micro-mechanical resonance sensors, in which, a sensitive structure vibration pick up resistor, a loop filter and a voltage-controlled oscillator compose a phasae-locking loop and the vibration pick-up resistor is taken as the phase discriminator of the phase-locking loop to output signals to be amplified, filtered and integrated by a loop filter to act on the voltage-controlled oscillator, the output signals of which are taken as the reference signals of the vibration pick up resistor and as the exciting signals of the exciting elements in the sensitive structure after being amplified by an exciting amplifier. In the system, the vibration pick up resistor replaces the phase discriminator in the phase-locking loop to simplify the close-loop circuit of a vibration pick up silicon micro-mechanical resonance sensor.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the phase-lock closed loop system of the phase-lock closed loop system of silicon micro-mechanical resonate sensor, particularly a kind of resistance vibration-pickup type silicon micro-mechanical resonate sensor.
Background technology
Resistance vibration-pickup type silicon micro-mechanical resonate sensor utilizes the vibration signal of piezoresistive effect detecting sensor sensitive structure resonator, and pick-up resistance can be realized by methods such as sheet resistance or diffusion resistances.
The sensitive structure needs of resonant transducer and closed-loop system are in conjunction with working, common closed-loop system comprises amplitude controlling unit and phase shift link, amplitude controller is used for regulating the gain of whole closed loop, to satisfy the amplitude conditions of resonant transducer self-excitation closed loop, the phase shift link is used for regulating the phase shift of whole closed loop, to satisfy the phase condition of resonant transducer self-excitation closed loop.And the silicon micro-mechanical resonate pressure transducer is because physical dimension is small, the signal of its sensitive structure output is very faint, with a kind of resistance vibration-pickup type silicon micro-mechanical resonate pressure transducer is example, on its resonance frequency, with the resonator of bigger excitation signal energizes sensor, its pick-up changes in resistance rate is less than 1/10
5So at first will solve the problem of Detection of Weak Signals in the silicon micro-mechanical resonate sensor closed-loop system.Phaselocked loop is a kind of method of effective sense cycle feeble signal, is widely used in the Detection of Weak Signals of silicon micro-mechanical resonate sensor.Phaselocked loop is made up of phase detector, loop filter and voltage controlled oscillator usually, and phase detector adopts analog multiplier to realize usually.
Usually based on the closed-loop system of the silicon micro-mechanical resonate sensor of phase-locked loop structures; at first to amplify and filtering the pick-up signal by prefilter; then by the analog multiplier detection; behind loop filter amplification, filtering or integration; the sinusoidal signal that the output of control voltage controlled oscillator is identical with the pick-up signal frequency, phase differential is certain; this signal feedback is to analog multiplier; reference signal as phase detector; after this signal amplifies, output to the exciting element excitation resonator vibration of silicon micro-mechanical resonate pressure transducer by the phase shift link.
The output direct current biasing of analog multiplier is generally all greater than the microvolt level.When the signal of sensor was more weak, the representative pick-up signal of phase demodulation output and the direct current signal of reference signal phase differential were low sometimes to the microvolt level.Use the analog multiplier phase demodulation, the output direct current biasing of analog multiplier can make pick-up signal and reference signal phase differential produce bigger error, makes the closed loop variation of tracking transducer natural frequency accurately of sensor, thereby introduces measuring error.The common sample strip bandpass filter of prefilter realizes that the pick-up signal can produce certain phase shift by prefilter, and this phase shift needs the phase shift link to compensate.And prefilter and phase shift link can not guarantee that in the working band of sensor phase-shift characterisitc is certain, and because the influence of factors such as temperature, their characteristic also can produce drift.The phase drift that prefilter and phase shift link produce will be by the compensation of in-migration mutually of the sensitive structure of resonant transducer, make the resonance frequency of whole closed-loop system produce drift, can not follow the tracks of the natural frequency of resonant transducer sensitive structure accurately, thereby produce measuring error; And the phase shift link is comparatively complicated on circuit is realized, the phase drift that compensation phase shift link produces in circuit also compares difficulty.
Summary of the invention
Technology of the present invention is dealt with problems and is: overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of phase-lock closed loop system of resistance vibration-pickup type silicon micro-mechanical resonate sensor is provided, simplified the closed control circuit of sensor, avoided simultaneously by phase detector, prefilter and phase shift error that link is introduced.
Technical solution of the present invention: the phase-lock closed loop system of resistance vibration-pickup type silicon micro-mechanical resonate sensor, its characteristics are: comprise loop filter, voltage controlled oscillator and penultimate amplifier, pick-up resistance, loop filter and voltage controlled oscillator by sensitive structure constitute a phaselocked loop, pick-up resistance is as the phase detector of phaselocked loop, the signal of pick-up resistance output acts on voltage controlled oscillator through loop filter amplification, filtering and integration; The signal of voltage controlled oscillator output is divided into two-way, one tunnel reference signal as pick-up resistance, and amplify through overdriven amplifier on another road, as the excitation signal energizes resonator of exciting element in the sensitive structure.The present invention has replaced phase detector in the phase-locked loop structures by pick-up resistance, has simplified the closed loop circuit of resistance vibration-pickup type silicon micro-mechanical resonate sensor.
Principle of the present invention: the present invention has adopted the phase detector of the pick-up resistance of resistance vibration-pickup type silicon micro-mechanical resonate sensor as phaselocked loop.The resistance of pick-up resistance can be expressed as R (1+ ε), the vibration signal of the variable quantity ε R reflection resonator of pick-up resistance, by ohm theorem as can be known, the voltage U at pick-up resistance two ends, can be expressed as U=IR (1+ ε) by the electric current I of pick-up resistance and the relation of pick-up resistance R (1+ ε), or I=U/R (1+ ε) ≈ UR (1-ε)/R
2As seen when reference signal was electric current, the pick-up equivalent resistance was an analog multiplier, output voltage signal; When reference signal was voltage, pick-up resistance Approximate Equivalent was an analog multiplier, output current signal, thus realized the function of phase detector in the phase-locked loop structures.
The structure of loop filter as shown in Figure 3, the frequency characteristic of resonator as shown in Figure 4, the voltage-controlled characteristic of voltage controlled oscillator, as shown in Figure 5.
If the signal of voltage controlled oscillator output is U
1(t)=and cos (ω t), the signal that amplifies back output through amplifier is U
2(t)=and Bcos (ω t), excitation resonator, the vibration signal of resonator are x (t)=A (ω, t) Bcos (ω t+ φ).The signal of voltage controlled oscillator output is U
1(t)=cos (ω t) is simultaneously as the reference signal of pick-up resistance, the signal of pick-up resistance output be X (t)=A (ω, t) Bcos (ω t+ φ) cos (ω t)=A (ω, t) B[cos (2 ω t+ φ)+cos (φ)]/2.Loop filter filters the AC compounent of X (t), to its DC component X
d(t)=A (ω, t) Bcos (φ)/2 integration.
If ω
rBe the natural frequency of resonator, by the phase-frequency characteristic of resonator as can be known, as ω=ω
rThe time, φ=-90 °, X
d(t)=0, loop filter is output as steady state value, and the frequency stabilization of voltage controlled oscillator output signal is at ω
rOn.As ω＜ω
r, by the phase-frequency characteristic of resonator as can be known, φ＞-90 °, then X
d(t)＞0, make the output signal of loop filter increase, by the voltage-controlled characteristic of voltage controlled oscillator as can be known, the frequency of voltage controlled oscillator output signal will increase, up to working as ω=ω
rThe time, the closed loop of whole sensor is stable at the natural frequency ω of resonator
rOn.As ω＞ω
rThe time, φ＜-90 °, X
d(t)＜0, make the output signal of loop filter reduce, and the frequency of voltage controlled oscillator output signal also will reduce up to working as ω=ω
rThe time, the closed loop of whole sensor is stable at the natural frequency ω of resonator
rOn.
By above analysis as can be known, the closed loop steady operation of whole sensor on the natural frequency of resonator, thereby realized the closed loop of sensor.
The present invention's advantage compared with prior art: because the present invention has adopted the phase detector of the pick-up resistance of resistance vibration-pickup type silicon micro-mechanical resonate sensor as phaselocked loop, in the closed-loop system of sensor, there have not been prefilter and phase shift link, simplified the closed control circuit of sensor, avoided simultaneously by phase detector, prefilter and phase shift error that link is introduced.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of traditional resonant transducer closed loop;
Fig. 3 is the loop filter structure synoptic diagram among the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the frequency characteristic curve diagram of resonator among the present invention, Fig. 4 a amplitude-versus-frequency curve figure wherein, and Fig. 4 b is the phase-frequency characteristic curve map;
Fig. 5 is the voltage-controlled performance diagram of the voltage controlled oscillator among the present invention.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the phase-lock closed loop system 2 of resistance vibration-pickup type silicon micro-mechanical resonate sensor is made up of loop filter 5, voltage controlled oscillator 4 and penultimate amplifier 3, the signal of pick-up resistance 6 outputs of sensitive structure 1 acts on voltage controlled oscillator 4 through loop filter 5 amplifications, low-pass filtering and integration; One road signal of voltage controlled oscillator 4 outputs is as the reference signal of pick-up resistance 6, and another road signal of voltage controlled oscillator 4 outputs amplifies through overdriven amplifier 3, as the excitation signal energizes resonator 7 of exciting element 8 in the sensitive structure 1.
The pick-up resistance 6 of sensitive structure 1, loop filter 5 and voltage controlled oscillator 4 have constituted a phaselocked loop.Phase detector is realized by the pick-up resistance 6 of sensitive structure 1 in the phase-locked loop structures.
As shown in Figure 3, loop filter 5 of the present invention is made up of low-pass filter and integrator, and low-pass filter is used to amplify the direct current signal of pick-up resistance 6 outputs, and filters AC signal, and integrator is used for the direct current signal integration to 6 outputs of pick-up resistance.Low-pass filter and integrator can utilize general operational amplifier to realize, as OP27 or OP07 etc., select according to indexs such as bandwidth, noises, also can adopt integrated circuit or ASIC to realize.
Voltage controlled oscillator 4 can adopt integrated circuit to realize, as Maxim Integrated Products, the MAX038 of Inc..
Claims (2)
1, the phase-lock closed loop system of resistance vibration-pickup type silicon micro-mechanical resonate sensor, it is characterized in that: phase-locked closed-loop control system (2) is made up of loop filter (5), voltage controlled oscillator (4) and penultimate amplifier (3), pick-up resistance (6), loop filter (5) and voltage controlled oscillator (4) by sensitive structure constitute a phaselocked loop, wherein the pick-up resistance (6) of sensitive structure is as the phase detector of phaselocked loop, the signal of pick-up resistance (6) output of sensitive structure (1) acts on voltage controlled oscillator (4) through loop filter (5) amplification, filtering and integration; The signal of voltage controlled oscillator (4) output is divided into two-way, one tunnel reference signal as pick-up resistance (6), and amplify through overdriven amplifier (3) on another road, as the excitation signal energizes resonator (7) of exciting element (8) in the sensitive structure (1).
2, the phase-lock closed loop system of resistance vibration-pickup type silicon micro-mechanical resonate sensor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described loop filter (5) is made up of low-pass filter and integrator, low-pass filter is used to amplify the direct current signal of pick-up resistance (6) output, and filtering AC signal, integrator is used for the direct current signal integration to pick-up resistance (6) output.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102507050A (en) * | 2011-10-11 | 2012-06-20 | 北京航空航天大学 | Stimulation and vibration pick integrated pressure sensor of electric heating stimulation-piezoresistance vibration pick resonance beam |
| CN108562383A (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2018-09-21 | 合肥工业大学 | Static excitation/piezoresistive detection silicon micro resonance type pressure sensor closed loop autonomous system |
| CN109341844A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-02-15 | 应达利电子股份有限公司 | A kind of jar tester and its detection method |
| CN109917185A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-06-21 | 北京同创微纳科技有限公司 | A kind of capacitance sensor and its working method and application based on resonance frequency measurement |
| CN110207891A (en) * | 2019-05-10 | 2019-09-06 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of silicon micro resonance type pressure sensor closed loop detection system |
| CN113252508A (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-08-13 | 中国计量科学研究院 | Closed-loop control system and method for resonant densitometer |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1005303B (en) * | 1986-03-17 | 1989-09-27 | 王经一 | Automatic capture and tracking filtering technique |
| NL8602819A (en) * | 1986-11-07 | 1988-06-01 | Philips Nv | DIRECT MIXING SYNCHRONOUS RECEIVER. |
| JP2875472B2 (en) * | 1994-01-19 | 1999-03-31 | 日本無線株式会社 | PLL synthesizer and control method thereof |
| US6094102A (en) * | 1999-04-30 | 2000-07-25 | Rockwell Science Center, Llc | Frequency synthesizer using micro electro mechanical systems (MEMS) technology and method |
| CN1169299C (en) * | 2002-07-22 | 2004-09-29 | 清华大学 | Phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer with digital coarse tuning loop |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102507050A (en) * | 2011-10-11 | 2012-06-20 | 北京航空航天大学 | Stimulation and vibration pick integrated pressure sensor of electric heating stimulation-piezoresistance vibration pick resonance beam |
| CN102507050B (en) * | 2011-10-11 | 2014-06-25 | 北京航空航天大学 | Stimulation and vibration pick integrated pressure sensor of electric heating stimulation-piezoresistance vibration pick resonance beam |
| CN108562383A (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2018-09-21 | 合肥工业大学 | Static excitation/piezoresistive detection silicon micro resonance type pressure sensor closed loop autonomous system |
| CN108562383B (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2020-11-17 | 合肥工业大学 | Closed-loop self-excitation system of silicon micro-resonance type pressure sensor for electrostatic excitation/piezoresistive detection |
| CN109341844A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-02-15 | 应达利电子股份有限公司 | A kind of jar tester and its detection method |
| CN109341844B (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2020-12-25 | 深圳市深汕特别合作区应达利电子科技有限公司 | Vibration detector and detection method thereof |
| CN109917185A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-06-21 | 北京同创微纳科技有限公司 | A kind of capacitance sensor and its working method and application based on resonance frequency measurement |
| CN109917185B (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2021-01-15 | 北京同创微纳科技有限公司 | Capacitive sensor based on resonant frequency measurement and working method and application thereof |
| CN110207891A (en) * | 2019-05-10 | 2019-09-06 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of silicon micro resonance type pressure sensor closed loop detection system |
| CN113252508A (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-08-13 | 中国计量科学研究院 | Closed-loop control system and method for resonant densitometer |
| CN113252508B (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-11-02 | 中国计量科学研究院 | Closed-loop control system and method for resonant densitometer |
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