CN1855318A - 超导体电缆 - Google Patents

超导体电缆 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1855318A
CN1855318A CNA200610009248XA CN200610009248A CN1855318A CN 1855318 A CN1855318 A CN 1855318A CN A200610009248X A CNA200610009248X A CN A200610009248XA CN 200610009248 A CN200610009248 A CN 200610009248A CN 1855318 A CN1855318 A CN 1855318A
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cable core
cable
superconducting cable
described network
cryostat
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CN1855318B (zh
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阿诺·阿莱斯
弗兰克·施米特
埃里克·马赞
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Nexans SA
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16LPIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L59/00Thermal insulation in general
    • F16L59/14Arrangements for the insulation of pipes or pipe systems
    • F16L59/141Arrangements for the insulation of pipes or pipe systems in which the temperature of the medium is below that of the ambient temperature
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01BCABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B12/00Superconductive or hyperconductive conductors, cables, or transmission lines
    • H01B12/02Superconductive or hyperconductive conductors, cables, or transmission lines characterised by their form
    • H01B12/08Stranded or braided wires
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16LPIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L59/00Thermal insulation in general
    • F16L59/06Arrangements using an air layer or vacuum
    • F16L59/065Arrangements using an air layer or vacuum using vacuum
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01BCABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B12/00Superconductive or hyperconductive conductors, cables, or transmission lines
    • H01B12/02Superconductive or hyperconductive conductors, cables, or transmission lines characterised by their form
    • H01B12/06Films or wires on bases or cores
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/60Superconducting electric elements or equipment; Power systems integrating superconducting elements or equipment

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种超导体电缆,其具有超导柔性电缆芯(1),并置于低温恒温器(2,3,4)中,其中,电缆芯(1)在室温下在低温恒温器(2,3,4)中呈现波纹或螺旋线的形式。

Description

超导体电缆
技术领域
本发明涉及一种置于低温恒温器(cryostat)中的具有超导柔性电缆芯的超导体电缆。
背景技术
为了生产超导体电缆,先生产超导电缆芯,随后将其置于低温恒温器中,或者以连续的操作用低温恒温器的各个部件将超导电缆芯包封起来。
在超导柔性电缆芯的生产中,首先将大量超导条带围绕具有相对较大的铺设长度(length of lay)的一股铜丝布置。随后,将条带形式的绝缘材料的许多层放置到超导条带的层上。一般地,纸条带或与塑料层叠的条带绕在超导条带的层上。在这层绝缘材料层上方,施加屏蔽层(shielding),该屏蔽层包括绕在较大铺设长度的绝缘层上的至少一个超导条带层。在外超导层上方还有铜条带层。
布置在低温恒温器中的超导体电缆例如从DE 102 21 534 A1中获知。由于生产超导体电缆并将其封入低温恒温器中是在室温下进行的,但是超导体电缆在低于超导材料的转变温度的条件下工作,当冷却下来时超导体电缆会发生收缩,例如,从300K冷却到77K时,收缩率为约0.3%。在电缆长度为例如600m时,电缆芯的收缩为例如1.8m。
因此出现一个问题,之所以有必要通过电缆芯的超出长度(excess length)来补偿冷却期间发生的收缩,是因为电缆芯会施加较强的拉伸力,而导致其损坏。
为了解决此问题,从DE 10 2004 019 141中获知,为了将超导电缆芯从供给源(supply)中抽出,用纵向进入的金属带将电缆芯包封,将该金属带成形为管,焊接纵向边缘并使焊接后的管成为波纹状,波纹管的内径大于电缆芯的直径。而后将电缆芯和波纹金属管绕在电缆卷筒上。电缆芯和波纹管位于电缆卷筒上时,电缆芯的端部在波纹管的端部处机械地相互连接。由于电缆芯的刚性,在卷起期间,其支承抵靠在其外部的金属管的内壁上,即,电缆芯具有呈现最大可能的卷绕直径的趋势,由此产生电缆芯相对于金属管的超出长度。
发明内容
本发明基于这样一个目的,即提供一种使冷却期间发生的收缩对超导体电缆无害的可能的方法。
该目的通过电缆芯在低温恒温器中呈现波纹或螺旋线的形式而实现。本发明其它的有利改进包括:交叉形的网络在具体(specific)的点处以纵向轴向间隔紧固在电缆芯上,所述网络由极低热膨胀系数的材料构成。所述网络由殷钢构成。所述网络包括至少两根丝或带,该至少两根丝或带以相反的铺设方向、以螺旋线形式围绕电缆芯,并机械地相互牢固连接,并在其交叉点处连接到电缆芯。所述网络或所述网络的丝或带点焊或点钎焊到电缆芯的外金属屏蔽层。
附图说明
图1示出通过围绕超导电缆芯的低温恒温器的横向截面。
图2示出电缆芯的优选示例性实施例。
具体实施方式
根据由图1和2示意性示出的示例性实施例,更加详细地解释本发明。
图1示出通过围绕超导电缆芯1的低温恒温器的横向截面。低温恒温器包括波纹金属管2、超绝缘3和波纹金属管4。波纹金属管2和4是这样以连续的操作生产的:将金属带成形为有缝管,焊接狭缝,随后使之成为波纹状。超绝缘3包括交替施加的反射金属箔和绝热材料的层,绝热材料是例如玻璃纤维无纺织物。此外,金属管2和4之间的空间处于真空状态。
超导体电缆可以通过将带有超绝缘3的金属管2推到金属管4中而生产。电缆芯1可以在此之前或之后置于金属管2中。
适于生产较大长度的是这样一种方法:首先将金属带成形为围绕连续从供带盘上取下的电缆芯的管,再沿着管的纵缝焊接该管,随后使其成为波纹状。将超绝缘3施加到该金属管2,然后用与描述金属管2相同的方式将金属管4施加在上面。塑料套由6表示。
根据本发明的教导,当超导体电缆处于室温时,电缆芯1呈现波纹线或螺旋线的形式,这是生产期间的正常情况。因此,在低温恒温器中制造了电缆芯的“超出长度”。用一个或多个元件5将波纹形式或螺旋线固定下来,元件5是例如极低热膨胀系数的金属丝或金属带,例如通过钎焊(soldering)或焊接(welding)以预定间隔连接到电缆芯1的外表面,电缆芯1包括铜带(abanding of copper)。
殷钢(invar steel)优选地用作丝或带的材料。
电缆芯1的优选示例性实施例在图2中示出。两根丝5a和5b以较大铺设长度位于电缆芯上。丝5a的铺设方向(direction of lay)与丝5b的铺设方向相反。在交叉点5c,丝5a和5b机械地相互牢固地连接,并连接到电缆芯1。为此,电缆芯1具有外金属层(未示出)。
当超导体电缆投入工作时,将液氮引入金属管2内的空间中。从而电缆芯冷却并收缩。同时,波纹形式基本消失。电缆芯1在超导体电缆的纵向上的伸展程度(extent)在室温(300K)和电缆的工作温度(77K)下都对应于低温恒温器的长度。

Claims (5)

1.处于室温的具有超导柔性电缆芯(1)的超导体电缆,其置于低温恒温器(2,3,4)中,其特征在于,所述电缆芯(1)在所述低温恒温器(2,3,4)中呈现波纹或螺旋线的形式。
2.根据权利要求1的超导体电缆,其特征在于,交叉形的网络(5a,5b)在具体的点(5c)处以纵向轴向间隔紧固在电缆芯(1)上,所述网络(5a,5b)由极低热膨胀系数的材料构成。
3.根据权利要求2的超导体电缆,其特征在于,所述网络(5a,5b)由殷钢构成。
4.根据权利要求2或3的超导体电缆,其特征在于,所述网络(5a,5b)包括至少两根丝或带(5a,5b),该至少两根丝或带(5a,5b)以相反的铺设方向、以螺旋线形式围绕电缆芯(1),并机械地相互牢固连接,并在其交叉点(5c)处连接到电缆芯。
5.根据权利要求2到4中任一项的超导体电缆,其特征在于,所述网络或所述网络的丝或带(5a,5b)点焊或点钎焊到所述电缆芯(1)的外金属屏蔽层。
CN200610009248XA 2005-04-27 2006-02-15 超导体电缆 Expired - Fee Related CN1855318B (zh)

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EP (1) EP1720176B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP5118818B2 (zh)
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CN (1) CN1855318B (zh)
DE (1) DE502005000287D1 (zh)
DK (1) DK1720176T3 (zh)

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CN102148074A (zh) * 2009-10-30 2011-08-10 尼克桑斯公司 具有至少一根超导电缆的系统
CN102194549A (zh) * 2010-03-04 2011-09-21 尼克桑斯公司 超导性的直流电缆
CN108447616A (zh) * 2018-03-07 2018-08-24 北京原力辰超导技术有限公司 一种高温超导电缆的绕制方法
CN111473559A (zh) * 2019-01-23 2020-07-31 北京泛华新兴体育产业股份有限公司 一种冰场制冰系统

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EP2541560A1 (de) * 2011-07-01 2013-01-02 Nexans Supraleiterkabel
EP2693584B1 (de) 2012-08-03 2017-11-22 Nexans Anordnung mit mindestens einem supraleitfähigen Kabel
EP2816695B1 (de) 2013-06-18 2016-10-05 Nexans Verfahren zur Herstellung eines supraleitfähigen Kabels
KR102272723B1 (ko) * 2013-10-31 2021-07-06 엘에스전선 주식회사 초전도 전력 시스템 및 초전도 케이블 포설방법
EP3258562B1 (de) * 2016-06-13 2019-03-27 Nexans Verfahren zum aufbau einer übertragungsstrecke für elektrische energie
AU2021381889A1 (en) 2020-11-18 2023-06-08 VEIR, Inc. Systems and methods for cooling of superconducting power transmission lines
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CN102148074A (zh) * 2009-10-30 2011-08-10 尼克桑斯公司 具有至少一根超导电缆的系统
CN102194549A (zh) * 2010-03-04 2011-09-21 尼克桑斯公司 超导性的直流电缆
CN102194549B (zh) * 2010-03-04 2014-11-26 尼克桑斯公司 超导性的直流电缆
CN108447616A (zh) * 2018-03-07 2018-08-24 北京原力辰超导技术有限公司 一种高温超导电缆的绕制方法
CN111473559A (zh) * 2019-01-23 2020-07-31 北京泛华新兴体育产业股份有限公司 一种冰场制冰系统

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KR20060113408A (ko) 2006-11-02
US7709742B2 (en) 2010-05-04
KR101192374B1 (ko) 2012-10-18
JP5118818B2 (ja) 2013-01-16
DE502005000287D1 (de) 2007-02-15
US20060272847A1 (en) 2006-12-07
CN1855318B (zh) 2011-07-27
EP1720176A1 (de) 2006-11-08
EP1720176B1 (de) 2007-01-03
DK1720176T3 (da) 2007-03-05

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