CN1842396A - 用于车床的刀架 - Google Patents

用于车床的刀架 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1842396A
CN1842396A CN200480024371.8A CN200480024371A CN1842396A CN 1842396 A CN1842396 A CN 1842396A CN 200480024371 A CN200480024371 A CN 200480024371A CN 1842396 A CN1842396 A CN 1842396A
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knife rest
slide
axis
cutter holder
along
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B·E·于贝尔哈特
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MICROSWISS TECHNOLOGIES AG
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MICROSWISS TECHNOLOGIES AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B29/00—Holders for non-rotary cutting tools; Boring bars or boring heads; Accessories for tool holders
    • B23B29/24—Tool holders for a plurality of cutting tools, e.g. turrets
    • B23B29/32—Turrets adjustable by power drive, i.e. turret heads
    • B23B29/323—Turrets with power operated angular positioning devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
    • B23Q1/44—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms
    • B23Q1/50—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with rotating pairs only, the rotating pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism
    • B23Q1/52—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with rotating pairs only, the rotating pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism a single rotating pair
    • B23Q1/522—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with rotating pairs only, the rotating pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism a single rotating pair which is perpendicular to the working surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
    • B23Q1/44—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms
    • B23Q1/50—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with rotating pairs only, the rotating pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism
    • B23Q1/54—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with rotating pairs only, the rotating pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two rotating pairs only
    • B23Q1/5406—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with rotating pairs only, the rotating pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two rotating pairs only a single rotating pair followed perpendicularly by a single rotating pair
    • B23Q1/5418—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with rotating pairs only, the rotating pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two rotating pairs only a single rotating pair followed perpendicularly by a single rotating pair followed parallelly by a single rotating pair
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/51—Plural diverse manufacturing apparatus including means for metal shaping or assembling
    • Y10T29/5168—Multiple-tool holder
    • Y10T29/5173—Longitudinally and transversely movable
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T82/00—Turning
    • Y10T82/16—Severing or cut-off
    • Y10T82/16426—Infeed means
    • Y10T82/16591—Power driven eccentric
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T82/00—Turning
    • Y10T82/19—Lathe for crank or crank pin
    • Y10T82/192—Portable lathe for crank pin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T82/00—Turning
    • Y10T82/25—Lathe
    • Y10T82/2508—Lathe with tool turret
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T82/00—Turning
    • Y10T82/25—Lathe
    • Y10T82/2531—Carriage feed
    • Y10T82/2541—Slide rest
    • Y10T82/2543—Multiple tool support
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T82/00—Turning
    • Y10T82/25—Lathe
    • Y10T82/2585—Tool rest
    • Y10T82/2587—Turret type holder [e.g., multiple tools, etc.]

Abstract

本发明涉及一种刀架，它具有一个基架(8；108)，一个滑座(5；105)可以在该基架上横向于主轴轴线(7；107)受控制地移动并且两个可互相平行移动的用于固定不同刀具(9、9′；109、109′)的刀夹(6、6′；107、107′)设置在该滑座上，所述刀夹(6、6′；107、107′)可以与滑座(5；105)的运动方向成90°角度有选择地朝主轴轴线(7；107)的方向移动到工作位置或者从工作位置离开，另外还有驱动装置(1、2、3、3′；100、102、106、106′、103)，以便滑座(5；105)和刀夹(6、6′；107、107′)沿其运动轴线(Y、Z)移动到一个预定的工作位置上。

Description

用于车床的刀架
技术领域
本发明涉及一种刀架，它为了对工件进行切削加工而设置在车床的工作主轴上。
背景技术
用于将刀具安装在车床的工作主轴上的刀架是公知的，并且所述刀架用于切削加工任意材料的工件。根据要执行工作的情况选择合适的刀具并将其安装在刀架上，这与有时费事的换装时间(附加时间)联系在一起。为避免这种情况，采用结构复杂的并且成本昂贵的带有不同刀具的转塔头。
发明内容
本发明的任务是，实现一种刀架，它在达到最高精度的同时结构非常简单并且在实际中将附加时间(换刀)减少到接近零。
此任务在开头定义类型的刀架中按发明通过权利要求1的特征部分的特征解决。
本发明的特别具有优点的实施形式在从属权利要求中确定。
依照本发明，所述刀架可以固定两个不同的刀具并有选择地使用它们，其中用于刀架构件的成本及其数量可以保持最低，特别是当为使刀架的部件运动仅采用一个唯一的电机时是这种情况，电机轴不仅移动滑座，还有选择地移动所希望的刀夹，这是例如通过一个带有内凸轮的杠杆和两个盘形凸轮或通过两个用于两个刀夹(切入滑座)的控制凸轮、一个中间传动机构和一个用于滑座(横向滑座)的控制凸轮进行的。
此强迫运动过程受控制地先后或同时沿运动轴线X或Y或平移地进行。因此保证，选择刀具时的附加时间降至最低。
为了实现复杂的加工步骤，可以在主轴上优选以120°的角度间隔设置多个刀架(各带有两个不同的刀具)，这一方面排除相邻刀具的碰撞危险，并且另一方面将选择刀具时的附加时间降低到接近零。
由于这种意想不到的构思，在低成本的情况下持续地提高车床的生产率。
如果所述刀架装配在一个可纵向运动的滑座(刀具滑座)上，那么每个双刀具的安装还可以扩展成围绕一个工作平面(沿Z轴)。
附图说明
下面借助于在附图中描述的实施例和工作过程来详细解释本发明。
其中：
图1单纯示意性地示出按本发明刀架的主要组成部分；
图2示出带有特别具有优点的驱动装置的按本发明的刀架在三个关于主轴的不同位置上；
图3按图2的刀架的一种变型方案。
具体实施方式
附图中的图1单纯示意性地示出一种按本发明的刀架，它包括一个中心的驱动电机1和一个基架8，在基架上设置一个可横向移动的、带有两个刀夹6、6′的滑座5。在刀夹6、6′中固定不同刀具9、9′。在与滑座5连接并且可移动的盖10后面有控制部件2和3、3′(见图2)的真正驱动装置。
基架8通常构建在一个Z-滑座上(未示出)，这允许沿Z向(沿主轴)的附加的受控制的运动。
通过所述附加的Z-运动，可以实现特别对于纵向切削自动车床产生巨大生产率提高的同步加工过程。
图2示意性地示出了双刀架或孪生刀架的工作原理：
电机1通过电机轴1′驱动控制部件杠杆2和凸轮3。带有内凸轮2′的杠杆2用于沿滑座5的横向(Y)一直偏转到一些可调整的止挡4(例如网目螺钉(Rasterschraube))，其中，中间位置的路径限制装置(图2，左外侧)用于刀具9、9′。
所述两个凸轮3、3′用于将希望的刀具设置到工作直径上(沿X向)。
如所示的那样，沿Y向的移动可以通过杠杆2实现(一直移动到所希望的止挡，在电机轴继续转动时，杠杆内凸轮的随动机构克服弹簧力继续运动，而滑座保持静止)，或者这可以实现一个带有测量系统的独立的驱动装置(例如作用在滑座的纵侧面上)。
由图2可知，在滑座5的中间位置(左侧)调整以后，起动用于右侧刀具9′的止挡(中间)，并且之后刀具9′通过其中一个凸轮3′朝主轴7方向移动到工作位置上。
刀具9、9′的移动经由所述凸轮3、3′通过凸轮和刀夹6、6′延长部分的作用而实现，后者克服(弹簧，未示出)复位力运动，因此不受凸轮控制的刀具总是处于工作位置之外。
由中间位置出发，电机轴1′可以向两侧转动至多180°。
如所提及的那样，可以围绕一根主轴设置多个刀架，其中可以在多方面达到所述优点。在此可达到的效率提高容许替代至今被视为“不可替代”的凸轮控制的自动车床。
图3式出了按图2刀架的变型方案，在该方案中，控制杠杆2(图2)被一个中间传动机构102和一个用于滑座105(横向滑座)的控制凸轮103代替(由驱动轮100驱动)。由此保证，滑座105可以移入到所希望的工作位置上。通过使用中间传动机构102还保证，对于两个轴线运动仅需使用一个驱动电机，控制凸轮103控制横向滑座105，两个上面的控制凸轮106、106′控制两个刀具109、109′的刀夹107、107′。

Claims (6)

1.一种刀架，它为了对工件进行切削加工而设置在车床的工作主轴上，其特征为：包括
一个基架；
一个设置在基架上的、可以横向于主轴轴线沿着一条轴线(Y)受控制地移动的滑座；
两个在滑座上互相平行设置的用于固定不同刀具的刀夹，所述刀夹可以与滑座的运动方向成90°角度个别地或有选择地朝主轴轴线的方向沿着一条轴线(X)移动到工作位置或者从工作位置离开；
驱动装置，以使滑座和刀夹先后或同时地沿其运动轴线(Y或X)移动到一个预定的工作位置上。
2.按权利要求1的刀架，其特征为：所述基架可以沿一条平行于主轴轴线延伸的轴线(Z)进行调整。
3.按权利要求2的刀架，其特征为：所述基架可以安装在一个可以沿主轴轴线移动的刀具滑座上。
4.按权利要求1到3之一的刀架，其特征为：所述刀夹克服一个复位力例如克服一个弹簧力运动到工作位置上。
5.按权利要求1到3之一的刀架，其特征为：所述驱动装置包括一个共同的电机，其电机轴驱动一个驱动轮(100)，该驱动轮驱动一个中间传动机构(102)并且最后该中间传动机构驱动一个用于横向滑座(105)的控制凸轮(103)和/或两个用于所述刀夹(107、107′)的另外的控制凸轮(106、106′)。
6.具有按权利要求1到4之一的刀架的车床，其特征为：围绕工作主轴设置多个刀架，它们优选以120°的角度间隔设置成星形，其中每个刀架配备有自己的用于可移动部件的驱动装置。
CN200480024371.8A 2003-07-31 2004-07-30 用于车床的刀架 Pending CN1842396A (zh)

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PCT/CH2003/000526 WO2005009674A1 (de) 2003-07-31 2003-07-31 Werkzeugträger für drehmaschinen
CHPCT/CH03/00526 2003-07-31

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US (1) US7267035B2 (zh)
EP (3) EP1648656B1 (zh)
JP (2) JP4310403B2 (zh)
CN (2) CN1842395A (zh)
AT (1) ATE369936T1 (zh)
AU (1) AU2003246508A1 (zh)
DE (1) DE50307985D1 (zh)
WO (3) WO2005009674A1 (zh)

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EP1648656A1 (de) 2006-04-26
JP4310403B2 (ja) 2009-08-12
JP2007506559A (ja) 2007-03-22
WO2005009675A1 (de) 2005-02-03
US7267035B2 (en) 2007-09-11
AU2003246508A1 (en) 2005-02-14
WO2005009675A8 (de) 2006-03-23
EP1648656B1 (de) 2007-08-15
DE50307985D1 (de) 2007-09-27
CN1842395A (zh) 2006-10-04
WO2005009674A1 (de) 2005-02-03
JP2007500604A (ja) 2007-01-18
WO2005009673A1 (de) 2005-02-03
US20060225544A1 (en) 2006-10-12
ATE369936T1 (de) 2007-09-15
EP1651382A1 (de) 2006-05-03
EP1648655A1 (de) 2006-04-26

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