Summary of the invention
The present invention is to provide a kind of specialize in the light railway of running car and installed additional steel wheel (or alloy wheel) can be on light railway traveling automobile.By into and out of road device and switch apparatus, automobile can conversion fast between highway and railway.
The present invention is mainly by the automobile that steel wheel is installed, but the special purpose railway that the steam supply car travels and form into and out of road device and translation track switch.Be divided into first and last two ends of railway into and out of the road device, or link to each other with railway by translation track switch, the other end into and out of the road device links to each other with highway simultaneously.Railway is divided into Oversize vehicle circuit and compact car circuit, and the two can separate independent laying, also can be with the centre of compact car track laying at the Oversize vehicle circuit.The vehicle that steel wheel is housed directly enters railway by the guiding of routing apparatus, move on railway by the steel wheel driving, also can enter railway operation by track switch by routing apparatus, and by the outlet device or directly sail out of railway through track switch by the outlet device and return highway again, vehicle enters railway by road or enters highway by railway and need not conversion.
Steel wheel is arranged on the wheel rim of compact car wheel, and a side of steel wheel is established wheel rim, and front and back steel wheel wheelspan equates.The steel wheel of Oversize vehicle be arranged on the wheel rim of front-wheel and the back two-wheel between axle drive shaft on, steel wheel two sides are all established wheel rim, front and back steel wheel wheelspan equates; Trailing wheel as Oversize vehicle also is single-wheel, and its steel wheel is the same with front-wheel to be arranged on the wheel rim, and steel wheel one side has wheel rim, and wheel base equates.Be installed in the inboard of wheel as steel wheel, can be provided with the guiding wheel rim simultaneously on the lateral wheel steel ring.
Routing apparatus is positioned at the railway front end, and its base is provided with one or more and is installed in transversely movable supporting plate on the base by guide piece such as guide shaft or guide groove, and base top two sides are established side bar, and the side bar inboard longitudinally is provided with steel guiding side plate or gib block; When the wheel of vehicle reaches supporting plate, if it enters the angle mal of routing apparatus, the steel guiding wheel rim in the single wheel outside will produce extruding to guiding side plate or the gib block that is provided with on routing apparatus one side girders, thereby this wheel is produced an approximate horizontal opposition; Because the wheel opposition of bearing forces the supporting plate of wheel below oppositely traversing, thereby adjust the angle that enters of supporting plate top wheel, make wheel align railway, the steel wheel on the wheel reaches rail smoothly, simultaneously routing apparatus front end two side bars be extend out tubaeform.Also can above the base of routing apparatus, establish wedge shape or taper guide table in the centre, establish guiding side plate or gib block respectively in two sides of guide table, supporting plate is installed on the base by guide piece, when wheel reaches supporting plate, if it enters the angle mal of routing apparatus, set steel wheel or wheel rim on the inboard steel ring of wheel will push wherein the guiding side plate or the gib block of a side, produces an approximate horizontal antagonistic force; Because the horizontal opposition that wheel bears forces the supporting plate generation of wheel below oppositely traversing, thereby adjusts the angle that enters of supporting plate top wheel, makes wheel align railway, the steel wheel on the wheel reaches the rail operation smoothly.
Traversing supporting plate in the routing apparatus also can be under the effect of electric device or hydraulic efficiency gear side travel, by contact pickup such as pressure sensor or non-contact sensor such as laser ranging alignment sensor, magnetometric sensor, record wheel or the vehicle relative position on routing apparatus or supporting plate, control electric device or hydraulic efficiency gear make supporting plate traversing, thereby make wheel (vehicle) align railway, the steel wheel on the wheel reaches the rail operation smoothly.
The outlet device is ramped shaped and is positioned at the track circuit end, and the low spot on slope is positioned at railhead rail below, and high point links to each other with highway.When vehicle enters rail end, when rubber wheel reaches the slope of outlet device,, make the steel wheel on the wheel break away from rail because the slope constantly raises, vehicle changes by the rubber wheel operation and reenters highway.
Many group translation track switches can be set on the middle or long line railway, be provided with the track switch ram of straight way transition rail and turnout transition rail by the top, moving in straight way circuit and turnout circuit realizes line transfer.Intersection between straight way rail in the translation track switch and turnout rail and straight way transition rail and the turnout transition rail, be equipped with the breach that passes through for the rubber wheel that is lower than the rail rail level, thereby make steel wheel not break away from rail, can finish line transfer fast by track switch, make between the automobile railroad and and highway between form the rapid transit network that can interconnect, improve efficiency of operation, reduce cost; Simultaneously also make the operation of automobile more convenient.
Compare with present all kinds of highways or railway operation pattern, automobile moves by special purpose railway, because resistance to motion is significantly less than the resistance to motion between rubber wheel and the road surface between steel wheel and the rail, make energy consumption can descend more than 70%, simultaneously be not subjected to weather effects such as dense fog, sleet, move more safe and efficient.Reduced simultaneously passenger and freight transportation by railway to highway or by road to transhipment time of railway, make things convenient for the passenger, reduce on carriage of Cargo warehousing costs and handling and loading expense, reduce the loss that goods causes in the turnover handling process, make passenger flow and logistics on average can reduce hourage more than 6 hours.Compare with road transport, its track laying time, short cost was low, and land occupation is few; Compare with railway transportation, it is convenient, flexible, passenger or goods directly can be sent to the destination without turnover, and the transhipment total amount of passenger and goods is descended more than 20%, reduces fuel oil consumption, energy-conserving and environment-protective, and market outlook are huge.
In the application, vehicle should install rang sensor and speed-limit device additional, with the safe stopping distance of vehicle before and after guaranteeing.Simultaneously, (as the freight container vehicle) can use draw bar to connect between many vehicles, forms train; Simultaneously, the fault vehicle can use draw bar that it is with from railway by track switch by front truck or back car.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an application scheme drawing of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of routing apparatus.
Fig. 2-1 is the birds-eye view of Fig. 2.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of compact car routing apparatus.
Fig. 3-1 is the birds-eye view of Fig. 3.
Fig. 4 compact car circuit is arranged in the routing apparatus structural representation of Oversize vehicle circuit.
Fig. 4-1 is the birds-eye view of Fig. 4.
Fig. 5 is the application scheme drawing of whole circuit.
Fig. 6 is the structural representation that the routing apparatus of hydraulic efficiency gear is housed.
Fig. 6-1 is the birds-eye view of Fig. 6.
Fig. 7 is that steel wheel is at the application scheme drawing between the two-wheel behind the vehicle.
Fig. 8 is the application scheme drawing of steel wheel in the vehicle single-wheel.
Fig. 9 is the application scheme drawing on arc steel wheel tread and arc rail surface.
Figure 10 is the schematic top plan view of translation track switch.
Figure 10-1 is a translation track switch application scheme drawing in the line.
Figure 10-2 is the structural representation of translation track switch.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1:
Shown in Fig. 1, the automobile 1 that disposes steel wheel moves on the light railway 2 of special use.
Oversize vehicle routing apparatus shown in Fig. 2 by base 10 and the side bar 8 that is positioned at base two sides, and can be formed by the polylith supporting plate 9 of side travel in base.The feather key of supporting plate two ends top is arranged in the chute of two side bars below, and roller is established in the supporting plate below, and two ends are established retracing spring; Side bar 8 is provided with the outward-dipping steel guiding side plate 7 in top simultaneously.The inboard wheel rim of the wheel flutter 13 of vehicle front is provided with the steel wheel 12 that a side has wheel rim 5, and the wheel rim outside is provided with guiding wheel rim 6; Establish the steel wheel 4 that two sides all have wheel rim 5 between two of the drive wheel 3 of vehicle rear is taken turns, the wheel rim outside of drive wheel 3 outer wheels is provided with guiding wheel rim 6.The front end of rail 11 is wedge shape, and has by front end from low to high transition phase backward, and the front end of rail is positioned on the base 10 simultaneously.
In the application, when the automobile that steel wheel is housed sails routing apparatus by road into, when wheel is positioned on the supporting plate, the angle or the direction that enter as vehicle are inaccurate, the guiding wheel rim in its single wheel outside just with side bar on the guiding side plate push, thereby wheel is produced an approximate horizontal antagonistic force, because the suffered antagonistic force of wheel, force wheel below supporting plate oppositely traversing, thereby position or angle that adjustment supporting plate top wheel enters railway, make it align railway, the steel wheel on the wheel accurately reaches rail smoothly and moves on railway.After vehicle reached rail, and wheel breaks away from supporting plate, supporting plate resetted under the effect of its two ends spring again.
Embodiment 2:
Shown in Fig. 3, guide table 14 is established in the centre of base 10 tops of compact car routing apparatus, and guide table 14 2 sides are respectively equipped with top to the inboard bevelled steel guiding of guide table side plate 16, and guide table is wedge shape or taper; Supporting plate 9 is installed on the guide rod set in the base by the guide rod hole of its two ends below, and there is roller the below of supporting plate, and two ends are established retracing spring.The inboard of compact car wheel rim is provided with the steel wheel 12 that has wheel rim 5.The front end of rail 15 is wedge shape and from low to high transition phase is arranged from front to back, and the rail front end is positioned on the base 10 simultaneously.
In the application, when the automobile that steel wheel is housed sails routing apparatus by road into, when wheel is positioned on the supporting plate, the angle or the direction that enter as vehicle are inaccurate, set steel wheel on its single wheel, just the guiding side plate with guide table one side pushes, thereby produce an approximate horizontal antagonistic force, because the antagonistic force that wheel bears, force wheel below supporting plate oppositely traversing, thereby direction or angle that adjustment supporting plate top wheel enters railway make it align railway, and steel wheel accurately reaches the rail operation smoothly.After wheel reached rail disengaging supporting plate, supporting plate resetted under the effect of the retracing spring of its two end again.
In the application, dilly is as making the side bar guiding access device described in the use-case 1.Can the guiding wheel rim be installed simultaneously at lateral wheel, or steel wheel be installed in the outside (application process of big-and-middle-sized front and back single-wheel vehicle is identical with compact car) of wheel rim.
Embodiment 3:
Shown in Fig. 4, the rail 15 in the compact car circuit can be laid between the rail 2 in the Oversize vehicle circuit.
Shown in Fig. 5, vehicle sails railway into by routing apparatus by road, rolls railway away from by the slope 17 that goes out duct device again, returns road running again.
Embodiment 4:
Shown in Fig. 6, pressure switch is established in the below of every block of supporting plate in the routing apparatus, and two ends are established hydraulic efficiency gear; Be equipped with pressure switch (pressure sensor) 19 and elastomeric material 18 between side bar 8 and guiding side plate 7 or guide table 14 and the guiding side plate 16, other parts are with identical described in the embodiment 3 in the routing apparatus.
In the application,, control the pressure switch of return flow solenoid valve under the supporting plate and connect, close the return flow solenoid valve in the hydraulic efficiency gear when wheel reaches supporting plate; The angle mal that enters as wheel, the guiding wheel rim of the steel wheel of wheel inboard or lateral wheel, will push the guiding side plate on a side guide table or the side bar, press the pressure switch of guiding behind the side plate, connect the Hydraulic Pump power supply in its below hydraulic efficiency gear, high pressure oil is pumped into hydraulic actuating cylinder, promote the supporting plate inverted running by the plunger on the hydraulic actuating cylinder, supporting plate drives its top wheel inverted running and aligns railway.After wheel aligns railway, the guiding wheel rim of the steel wheel of wheel inboard or lateral wheel breaks away from the guiding side plate on guide table or the side bar, and the guiding side plate resets under the effect of elastomeric material, pressure switch behind the guiding side plate loses pressure and closes, and the power supply of Hydraulic Pump disconnects and quitting work; After steel wheel injection wheel sails out of supporting plate, pressure on the supporting plate disappears, the pressure switch of supporting plate below control return flow solenoid valve is closed, return flow solenoid valve is opened, hydraulic oil in the hydraulic actuating cylinder returns fuel tank by return flow solenoid valve, pressure in the hydraulic actuating cylinder (thrust) disappears, and supporting plate under the effect of its two ends spring, is returned to original position again.
Also can be in the application by the electronic inductor of other type, the work of modulated pressure or electric device by the supporting plate guided vehicle, enters railway.As adopting no touch electronic inductor (as rang sensor), hydraulic pressure (or electronic) device of control supporting plate two sides also can not established guide table and side bar and guiding side plate in the routing apparatus.
Embodiment 5:
Shown in Fig. 7, the steel wheel 4 that two sides are equipped with wheel rim 5 is fixedly mounted on two the axle drive shafts 22 between taking turns, and the wheel rim of wheel 3 outside is provided with guiding wheel rim 6 simultaneously.
Shown in Fig. 8, a side of wheel 13 wheel rims is provided with steel wheel 12, and steel wheel 12 1 sides have wheel rim 5, and the wheel rim opposite side is provided with guiding wheel rim 6.
Shown in Fig. 9, steel wheel 4 and 12 tread and the rail level of rail 2 cross-sectional planes can be designed to arc in the application, make steel wheel be more conducive to travel and lead, and reduce the serpentine locomotion of vehicle, improve safety.
Embodiment 6:
Shown in Figure 10, two is all to be provided with the breach that can pass through for rubber wheel 3 at interval 27 between straight way rail all in one group the translation track switch and turnout rail and straight way transition rail 25 and the turnout transition rail 26.Translation track switch is utilized transversely movable ram 24 in switch sleeper 23 chutes, and straight way transition rail 25 on the ram and turnout transition rail 26 is traversing in straight way circuit and turnout circuit, thereby realizes the track switch conversion on straight way and turnout.In the application, two rams in the circuit move simultaneously, finish line transfer.Between straight way rail and turnout rail or straight way transition rail and turnout transition rail adjacent in the track switch, the leaving certain gaps uncovered by the economic plan interval, thus can guarantee that the rubber wheel that is lower than the rail rail level in the vehicle passes through smoothly.Simultaneously, be provided with segment straight way rail 28 at the front end of turnout transition rail 26, more smooth and easy when making steel wheel pass through the turnout, alleviate bump to the rail joint part.
Shown in Figure 10-1, can dispose two groups of translation turnouts simultaneously in the stage casing of circuit, the front-end configuration routing apparatus of one group of translation track switch is organized the end configuration outlet device of translation track switch at another therein.Vehicle can reach track switch by routing apparatus, moves by translation track switch entry-line again; Simultaneously, the vehicle in the circuit also can roll railway away from by translation track switch, sails road travel again into by the slope 17 in the outlet device of track switch end again.
Shown in Figure 10-2, the chute 29 of switch sleeper 23 can be by the metal manufacturing, and the framework of ram 24 or base plate also can be by the metal manufacturings simultaneously, and can install concrete tie in framework or on the base plate additional.When weather changes, because transition rail, ram, chute are the metal manufacturing, three's thermal expansion coefficient equates or is close, so can guarantee all the time between ram and chute two ends, and less glade plane space (the circuit rail is fixedly mounted on the top of chute two ends) between transition rail and the circuit rail, when making steel wheel by the gap between transition rail and the circuit rail, the impact endurance test shock of generation reduces, the steady safety of vehicle operating, track switch increases service life.In the application, roller 31 is established in the ram below, establishes guide groove and gib block between ram 24 2 ends and switch sleeper chute 29 2 ends, and ram is driven by electric device or hydraulic efficiency gear.
In the application, the following of rail can be laid the damping rubber cushion, also the damping cushion rubber can be installed in the steel wheel simultaneously, to reduce the Running noise of vehicle on railway.Steel wheel can be fixed on the steel ring of wheel, also can be installed on the steel ring of wheel by bolt, and the time spent is not removed it.Steel wheel should not impact the damping or the suspension of vehicle when using, and compact car particularly should be reserved the installation site of steel wheel when dispatching from the factory, or steel wheel is directly pre-installed, and makes the wheelspan of steel wheel realize normalisation.Guiding side plate in the application among the embodiment all can be replaced by semicircle gib block.