CN1818467A - Hydrogenation premixed lean burner - Google Patents
Hydrogenation premixed lean burner Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1818467A CN1818467A CN 200610011547 CN200610011547A CN1818467A CN 1818467 A CN1818467 A CN 1818467A CN 200610011547 CN200610011547 CN 200610011547 CN 200610011547 A CN200610011547 A CN 200610011547A CN 1818467 A CN1818467 A CN 1818467A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- natural gas
- hydrogenation
- heating furnace
- burner
- heat exchanger
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 110
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 89
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 26
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 10
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 238000003916 acid precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006057 reforming reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention comprises a heating hearth, a convection heat-exchange chamber, a steam generator, a natural gas reformer, a premix burner and a seat-acting mechanism driven by a miniature motor. On the seat-acting mechanism is disposed an ignition head inserted inside the heating hearth. Three airflow inlets disposed on the premix burner are connected with a blower disposed outside the heating hearth via an air pipeline separately, connected with the natural gas source via the natural gas pipeline and connected with the reformed gas outlet of the natural gas reformer via the reformed gas pipeline. The inlet of the steam generator is in communication with water sources via a waterpipe and the outlet is in communication with the steam inlet of the natural gas reformer via a steam pipeline. The natural gas inlet of the natural gas reformer is connected with natural gas sources via a natural pipeline.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of hydrogenation premixed combustion heating system that natural gas heating is used that is used for, belong to heating boiler heat supply process field.
Background technology
Along with Chinese economic development, the total quantity consumed fast rise of primary energy, pollution is on the rise, and the scope that acid rain covers has surpassed 1/3rd of China's area; On the other hand, along with the change of energy resource structure, the consumption of oil gas fuel presents quick growth, causes the proportion of nitrate ion in the acid rain also to rise year by year.2000 national nitrogen oxide (NOx) discharge capacity reach 1,880 ten thousand tons, the environment that has surpassed China allows capacity.NOx is considered to one of the major pollutants that utilize that burn.A small amount of existence in the low latitude just can have a negative impact to human body, promptly becomes the arch-criminal who damages the ozone layer after entering the high-altitude.
The national NOx discharging of China is mainly from coal-burning power plant and various Industrial Boiler.The NOx discharging in city is mainly from vehicular traffic and warming equipment.At present, vehicular traffic pollution reduction measure dynamics is continued to increase, alleviated the trend of urban environment decay to a certain extent.And along with the expansion of transfering natural gas from the west to the east scale, coal heating is limited in the big city of developed regions one after another, uses the gas fuel of relative cleaning instead, and this all has great importance for improving air quality and promoting city taste.
Yet the traditional combustion utilization of natural gas but has its limitation.As seen from Table 1, substitute gas coal and oil can make the discharging of burning after stain thing significantly reduce, and wherein the decline of SOx and dust is the most remarkable.But the decline degree of NOx is but not too obvious.We can say that the most serious pollutant of gas-firing is NOx.Along with natural gas becomes the main fuel that heats in China big city gradually, the city NOx that its burning causes pollutes and causes that day by day people pay close attention to." boiler pollutant comprehensive discharge standard " DB11/139-2002 regulation that Beijing has come into effect in March, 2002, the NOx emission limit of gas fired-boiler is 200mg/m
3By contrast, developed country wants much strict to the discharge capacity restriction of NOx.With Europe is example, and the discharge standard of gas facility is: the NOx emission level of big load equipment (greater than 300 megawatts) is lower than 100mg/m
3, little load equipment should be lower than 150mg/m
3
The content of nitrogen can be ignored in the gas fuel, and therefore in the NOx that combustion of natural gas generates, nitrogen and oxygen all are mainly derived from air.A large number of experiments show that: in the combustion of natural gas process, the nitric oxide of generation (NO) accounts for nitrogen oxide and generates 90% of total amount.Therefore, when considering NOx, be primarily aimed at the formation mechanism of NO at aflame formation mechanism.For combustion of natural gas, main NO generation approach comprises two kinds of T-NO (heating power type) and P-NO (type fast), and the latter's growing amount is than the former a low magnitude.When ignition temperature surpassed 1600 ℃, the generation of heating power NO increased fast, and ignition temperature is high more, and growing amount is big more.
Table 1 oil, coal and natural gas burning discharge amount of pollution be (kilogram) relatively
| Emission | 1 ton of oil | Coal (1 ton of oil equivalent) | Natural gas (1 ton of oil equivalent) |
| SO2 (amounting to SOx) | 20 (not desulfurization) | 6 (80% sulphur removes) | / |
| NO2 (amounting to NOx) | 6 (industrial) | 11 (industrial) | 4 (industrial) |
| CO | 6-30 | 4.5-20 | 0.5-3 |
| Unburned hydrocarbon (CnHm) | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0-0.45 |
| Flying dust | / | 1.4 | / |
The measure of control NOx discharging divides two big classes.One class is that afterbody installs equipment for denitrifying flue gas additional, but its initial cost height, operating cost costliness; Another kind of is that improvement (comprise advanced low-NOx combustor) by combustion technology reduces the NOx discharge capacity, because this measure investment, operating cost are low, is current each industrial state constantly perfect technological means of making great efforts.
The traditional combustion mode of natural gas is a diffusion combustion.If NOx is not controlled, the NOx discharge capacity is easy to reach hundreds of mg/m
3Level, under hot conditions even can reach thousands of mg/m
3For diffusion combustion, advanced low NOx combusting technology comprises grading combustion technology and flue gas recirculation combustion technology etc.Grading combustion technology is organized combustion gas or air by segmentation, forms different burning blocks when making fuel gas buring, is formed with to help suppress the condition that NOx generates.This technology can reduce by 60% NOx growing amount, and better products can reach 30-50mg/m
3Level.The flue gas recirculation combustion technology is to extract a part of low-temperature flue gas directly to send into the combustion zone or burn after mixing with wind, a secondary wind, has both reduced ignition temperature, has reduced oxygen concentration again, and NOx discharges can reduce 20-50%.
Another kind of combustion system is a pre-mixing combustion, the new direction that this further reduction NOx that is development in recent years is got up discharges.Adopt poor fuel, premixed combustion system, can reduce chamber temperature significantly, thereby reduce the NOx discharging.But because premixed flame is very responsive to pressure oscillation freely, combustion oscillation takes place easily.The approaching more poor combustion limit of operation operating mode, the NOx discharging no doubt is reduced, and the possibility of vibration but significantly increases.On the other hand, the approaching more poor combustion limit of operation operating mode, flame propagation velocity is slow more, causes efficiency of combustion to descend, and showing as carbon monoxide (CO) discharging increases.
Summary of the invention
For solving the NOx emission pollution problem of combustion of natural gas heating boiler in the city, realize stable simultaneously, combustion conditions efficiently, the present invention proposes a kind of hydrogenation premixed lean burner, comprise heating furnace, convection heat-exchange chamber, be installed in the steam generator of described convection heat-exchange chamber upstream sidewall, be installed in the natural gas reformer in described convection heat-exchange chamber downstream, be installed in being used for of described heating furnace bottom with air, natural gas and reformation gas carry out the premix burner of premix, and be arranged in the seat actuation mechanism that drives by miniature motor below the described heating furnace, described seat actuation mechanism is provided with igniter head of the described heating furnace of insertion inside:
Described premix burner is provided with three air flow inlets, is connected with the air blast that is located at the heating furnace outside by air duct respectively, is connected with gas source by natural gas line, is connected with the reformation gas outlet of described natural gas reformer by the reformation feed channel;
The inlet of described steam generator is connected with the water source by water pipe, adopts running water or demineralized water to carry out supply, and the outlet of described steam generator is connected with the steam entry of described natural gas reformer by the steam pipeline;
The gas inlet of described natural gas reformer is connected with gas source by natural gas line.
As a kind of improvement of the present invention, the top of described heating furnace is the radiation heat transfer district, is furnished with high-temperature heat-exchanging in it.
As another kind of improvement of the present invention, the indoor cryogenic heat exchanger that also is equipped with of described heat convection.
The invention has the advantages that: be provided with natural gas reformer in the present invention, the part gas fuel is reformed, produce small quantity of hydrogen and carry out fuel blending; Adopt weak swirl-flow premixed burner, air, reformation gas and natural gas have been carried out premix, and produced swirl flame, realized smooth combustion.Adopt the present invention can realize the dual purpose of low NOx drainage, high burning efficiency (low CO discharging).For the natural gas premixed lean burner below the thermic load 300kW, the NOx discharging can reach 25mg/m
3Below, the CO discharging is no more than 20mg/m
3
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the 3rd embodiment of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Further specify the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
First embodiment of the present invention as shown in Figure 1, described hydrogenation premixed lean burner comprises heating furnace 1 and convection heat-exchange chamber 2, be installed in the steam generator 3 of convection heat-exchange chamber 2 upstream sidewalls, be installed in the natural gas reformer 4 in convection heat-exchange chamber 2 downstreams, be installed in the premix burner 5 that is used for air, natural gas and reformation gas are carried out premix of heating furnace 1 bottom, and being arranged in the seat actuation mechanism 7 that drives by miniature motor below the heating furnace 1, a seat actuation mechanism 7 is provided with igniter head 8 of insertion heating furnace 1 inside.Described igniter head 8 adopts the electrion form to light a fire.
Premix burner 5 is provided with three air flow inlets, is connected with the air blast 6 that is located at the heating furnace outside by air duct respectively, is connected with gas source by natural gas line, is connected with the reformation gas outlet of natural gas reformer 4 by the reformation feed channel.Described premix burner 5 is the eddy flow burner, takes natural gas or tangential introduction of air air inlet to produce eddy flow.Perhaps, realize eddy flow at the outlet upstream arrangement cyclone of premix burner 5.
The inlet of steam generator 3 is connected with the water source by water pipe, adopts running water or demineralized water to carry out supply, and the outlet of steam generator 3 is connected by the steam entry of steam pipeline with natural gas reformer 4.
The gas inlet of natural gas reformer 4 is connected with gas source by natural gas line.Natural gas reformer 4 adopts nickel-base catalyst to carry out catalytically reforming hydrogen producing, and its operating temperature is between 700-900 ℃, and chemical equation is:
, and
。
The course of work of the described hydrogenation premixed lean burner of first embodiment of the invention is as follows:
1) start a seat actuation mechanism 7, with igniter head 8 place premix burner 5 directly over, strike sparks continuously;
2) starting unlatching air blast 6 provides air for premix burner 5, opens natural gas supply immediately, regulates natural gas and air flow separately, realizes stable premixed flame, and igniter head 8 is retreated, and places off working state;
3) for steam generator 3 provides make-up water, start steam generator 3, water enters natural gas reformer 4 after being heated and producing steam from the downstream;
4) the part natural gas is introduced natural gas reformer 4, start natural gas reformer 4, natural gas and steam generation reforming reaction form the reformation gas that is rich in hydrogen, and reformation gas enters premix burner 5 from the downstream;
5) reformation gas is introduced premix burner 5, in premix burner 5, after reformation gas, natural gas and air obtain abundant premix, in heating furnace 1, obtain burning.
Fig. 2 has shown second embodiment of the present invention, and it is furnished with high-temperature heat-exchanging 9 in the radiation heat transfer district on described heating furnace top on the basis of above-mentioned first embodiment.Described high-temperature heat-exchanging 9 can be plate type heat exchanger or shell-and-tube heat exchanger.In the course of work of second embodiment of the invention, working medium to be heated can be introduced high-temperature heat-exchanging 9, working medium obtains heating in heat exchanger, realize heat output when flowing out heat exchanger as heat carrier.
Fig. 3 has shown the 3rd embodiment of the present invention, and it according to space nargin, installs cryogenic heat exchanger 10 in convection heat-exchange chamber 2 on the basis of above-mentioned first embodiment.Described cryogenic heat exchanger 10 can be plate type heat exchanger or shell-and-tube heat exchanger.In the course of work of third embodiment of the invention, working medium to be heated can be introduced cryogenic heat exchanger 10, working medium obtains heating in heat exchanger, realize heat output when flowing out heat exchanger as heat carrier.
Innovative point of the present invention is: first, arranged natural gas reformer at the convection heat-exchange chamber sidewall, the part gas fuel is reformed, produce small quantity of hydrogen and carry out fuel blending, adopt the combustion system release heat of premixed, poor fuel, make full use of the advantage of the high reaction activity of hydrogen, wide Flammability limits and high combustion speed, reach the purpose of stable and efficient burning; The second, adopt weak swirl-flow premixed burner, realizes the heat release of burning of specific flame form, further strengthened the stability of flame, realize safe control and operation.
Though a plurality of embodiment of the present invention has been described, those skilled in the art can do suitable improvement, and do not break away from spirit of the present invention and protection domain.For example on the basis of second embodiment, cryogenic heat exchanger can also be installed in convection heat-exchange chamber 2.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of hydrogenation premixed lean burner, comprise heating furnace and convection heat-exchange chamber, it is characterized in that, described hydrogenation premixed lean burner also comprises: the steam generator that is installed in described convection heat-exchange chamber upstream sidewall, be installed in the natural gas reformer in described convection heat-exchange chamber downstream, be installed in being used for of described heating furnace bottom with air, natural gas and reformation gas carry out the premix burner of premix, and being arranged in the seat actuation mechanism that drives by miniature motor below the described heating furnace, described seat actuation mechanism is provided with igniter head of the described heating furnace of insertion inside;
Described premix burner is provided with three air flow inlets, is connected with the air blast that is located at the heating furnace outside by air duct respectively, is connected with gas source by natural gas line, is connected with the reformation gas outlet of described natural gas reformer by the reformation feed channel;
The inlet of described steam generator is connected with the water source by water pipe, adopts running water or demineralized water to carry out supply, and the outlet of described steam generator is connected with the steam entry of described natural gas reformer by the steam pipeline;
The gas inlet of described natural gas reformer is connected with gas source by natural gas line.
2, hydrogenation premixed lean burner according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the top of described heating furnace is the radiation heat transfer district, is furnished with high-temperature heat-exchanging in it.
3, hydrogenation premixed lean burner according to claim 2 is characterized in that: described high-temperature heat-exchanging is plate type heat exchanger or shell-and-tube heat exchanger.
4, hydrogenation premixed lean burner according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: the indoor cryogenic heat exchanger that also is equipped with of described heat convection.
5, hydrogenation premixed lean burner according to claim 4 is characterized in that: described cryogenic heat exchanger is plate type heat exchanger or shell-and-tube heat exchanger.
6, hydrogenation premixed lean burner according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described premix burner is the eddy flow burner, takes natural gas or tangential introduction of air air inlet to produce eddy flow.
7, hydrogenation premixed lean burner according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the outlet upstream arrangement of described premix burner has cyclone, realizes eddy flow.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100115477A CN100386565C (en) | 2006-03-24 | 2006-03-24 | Hydrogenation premixed lean burner |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100115477A CN100386565C (en) | 2006-03-24 | 2006-03-24 | Hydrogenation premixed lean burner |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1818467A true CN1818467A (en) | 2006-08-16 |
| CN100386565C CN100386565C (en) | 2008-05-07 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100115477A Expired - Fee Related CN100386565C (en) | 2006-03-24 | 2006-03-24 | Hydrogenation premixed lean burner |
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| Country | Link |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105202537A (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2015-12-30 | 耿烽 | Combustion system and combustion method |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2227783Y (en) * | 1995-08-11 | 1996-05-22 | 梁斌 | Natural gas burner |
| US6223519B1 (en) * | 1999-02-11 | 2001-05-01 | Bp Amoco Corporation | Method of generating power using an advanced thermal recuperation cycle |
| US6585785B1 (en) * | 2000-10-27 | 2003-07-01 | Harvest Energy Technology, Inc. | Fuel processor apparatus and control system |
| US20030008183A1 (en) * | 2001-06-15 | 2003-01-09 | Ztek Corporation | Zero/low emission and co-production energy supply station |
| CN2896031Y (en) * | 2006-03-24 | 2007-05-02 | 清华大学 | Hydrogenation fuel-lean premixing combustion device |
-
2006
- 2006-03-24 CN CNB2006100115477A patent/CN100386565C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105202537A (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2015-12-30 | 耿烽 | Combustion system and combustion method |
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| CN100386565C (en) | 2008-05-07 |
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