CN102269402B - Method and system for realizing NOx discharge reduction and stable combustion of power station boiler - Google Patents
Method and system for realizing NOx discharge reduction and stable combustion of power station boiler Download PDFInfo
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- CN102269402B CN102269402B CN201110190754.4A CN201110190754A CN102269402B CN 102269402 B CN102269402 B CN 102269402B CN 201110190754 A CN201110190754 A CN 201110190754A CN 102269402 B CN102269402 B CN 102269402B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for realizing NOx discharge reduction and stable combustion of a power station boiler, which belongs to the technical scope of coal powder power station environmental protection. In the system, a coal mill is connected to a fluidized bed gasifier and a boiler respectively, and a top syngas outlet of the fluidized bed gasifier is connected to a boiler combustor. The method particularly comprises the following steps: performing fluidized bed gasification of fire coal which is 5-20% of the boiler load, delivering the syngas generated in the fluidized bed to a boiler reburning combustor for reburning so as to reduce NOx discharge, or delivering the syngas to a boiler main fuel combustor so as to allow the syngas to be used as auxiliary fuel and to combust stably when the boiler combusts inferior coal of has a low load; after treatment, delivering the gasified top ash and bottom slag in the fluidized bed to a primary air channel of a boiler coal powder combustor, mixing with coal powder so as to combust the uncombusted components. During the cooling process, the heat of high-temperature bottom slag is taken away by supplying water into the boiler, and the bottom slag is delivered to a heating surface of the boiler for heating. The invention realizes the effect of NOx discharge reduction and stable combustion of a power station boiler.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the environmental protection combustion technology scope of power station coal dust, particularly low NOx drainage and steady method and system of firing fall in a kind of station boiler of realizing.The reburning fuel that the synthesis gas that the fluidized gasification of specifically take obtains is station boiler or surely fuel, reach the object that reduces NOx or steady combustion.
Technical background
Utilize coal to bring a large amount of pollutions, the Emission Controlling Technology of Nitric Oxides project study report > > of < < China thermal power plant of China environmental protection industry association issue shows, the nitrogen oxide total amount of power plant emission in 2007 is 8,400,000 tons, nearlyer 40.6% than within 2003, having increased, account for the 35%-40% of national nitrogen oxide emission.
In February, 2011, Chinese Ministry of Environmental Protection has issued < < fossil-fuel power plant atmospheric pollutant emission standard (secondary exposure draft) > >, this suggestion original text regulation, since on January 1st, 2012, all newly-built fired power generating unit NOx discharge capacitys of China will reach 100 milligrams/cubic metre; Since on January 1st, 2014, all thermoelectricitys in the key area unit NOx discharge capacity that puts into operation will reach 100mg/ cubic meter, but not the unit of going into operation in key area for 2003 in the past reaches 200mg/ cubic meter.
The technical scheme that reduces discharging at present NOx is divided into two classes, and a class is denitrating flue gas, and because needs complete catalytic reaction, this scheme invest and operating cost is expensive; Another kind of is to adopt low NOx combusting technology, wherein again combustion technology equipment simple, easily implement, operating cost is low, extensively concerned, its denitration rate (comprising advanced reburning) can reach 50%～85%, has carried out a large amount of research both at home and abroad.In combustion technology, reburning fuel can be selected the various fuel such as natural gas, synthesis gas, oil, coal dust, water-coal-slurry, living beings again.Much more external to adopt natural gases be reburning fuel, and china natural resources natural endowment characteristics determines to be difficult to adopt natural gas, and therefore domestic scientist is fired etc. again and to have been carried out research widely for fine Coal powder recombustion, water-coal-slurry.But directly adopting coal derived fuel is that reburning fuel also exists certain problem, adopting conventional pulverized-coal is that reburning fuel burn-off rate is lower, and unburned carbon in flue dust is higher, affects efficiency of combustion and has secondary pollution.And microfine coal is for the less the ball type pulverizer system station boiler of capacity more convenient (microfine coal in tertiary air), heavy duty boiler is for safety and take up an area and consider to adopt unit pulverized-coal system not have a large amount of stable microfine coals to originate.From combustion technology itself again, gaseous fuel is that reburning fuel is good selection.During the similar synthesis gas of producing by living beings fires again, the boiler combustion experimental work that U.S. GE company primary fuel is natural gas shows the highlyest can obtain 70% denitration rate.
In addition, along with the minimizing day by day of coal resources and the fluctuation of coal market, to the utilization of the coals such as brown coal that are not suitable for traditionally burning, also demand is very large, and the steady combustion of this kind of fuel is very important problem.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to propose a kind of method and system that low NOx drainage and steady combustion fall in station boiler that realize, it is characterized in that, first by the fire coal of station boiler 5～20% by fluidized gasification, the synthesis gas that fluid bed produces is transported in boiler and fires, low NOx drainage falls, in another situation, steady combustion fuel when described synthesis gas also can be transported to boiler main fuel burner auxiliary combustion as burning low grade coal or underload.The top ash, the end slag that in fluidized gasification process, produce are sent to station boiler main fuel burner by pipeline, top ash, end slag with heat by heat exchange is absorbed with boiler circuit.
Described fluid bed Raw coal once passes through, and there is no cyclic process; It is once 950～1050 ℃ by fluidized gasification range of reaction temperature.
The top ash gasifying in described fluid bed is transported in wind passage of boiler main fuel burner and coal dust blending, by unburnt one-tenth divided combustion; The end slag of fluidized gasification is also transported in wind passage of boiler main fuel burner and fuel blending after cooling, fragmentation, by unburnt one-tenth divided combustion.
Slag of the described end cooling is that the boiler feedwater by Steam-Water System in Power Plant realizes, and in cooling procedure, by boiler feedwater, the heat of high temperature bottom slag taken away, and then delivers to the heating surface heating of boiler.
Low NOx drainage and steady system of firing fall in a kind of station boiler of realizing, coal pulverizer 5 is connected to respectively the boiler main fuel burner 2-1 of fluidized-bed gasification furnace 1 and boiler 2 by wind path 10, fluidized-bed gasification furnace 1 top syngas outlet connects recombustion burner 2-2 and the boiler main fuel burner 2-1 of boiler 2, fluidized-bed gasification furnace 1 bottom connects cooler 3, and cooler 3 is connected to one time wind path 10 after being connected with disintegrating machine 4; Boiler 2 and boiler heat-absorbent surface 9 and steam turbine 7, condenser 8, feed pump 6, cooler 3 are connected into heat absorption, cooling circuit.
Described fluidized-bed gasification furnace 1 top syngas outlet is also connected to main fuel burner 2-1.
Described boiler heat-absorbent surface 9 refers to economizer, water-cooling wall, superheater and reheater.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows by the firing again of gasification produces in fluid bed synthesis gas, can obtain 70% denitration rate, fall low NOx drainage; Other benefit be when boiler combustion colm or underload this synthesis gas as the steady combustion fuel of boiler.The technology of the present invention equipment is simple, easily implement, operating cost is low.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is embodiment system schematic.
In figure: the 1st, fluidized-bed gasification furnace, the 2nd, station boiler, 2-1 is boiler main fuel burner, 2-2 is boiler recombustion burner, the 3rd, cooler, the 4th, disintegrating machine, the 5th, coal pulverizer, the 6th, feed pump, the 7th, steam turbine, the 8th, condenser, 9 is boiler heat-absorbent surface.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is the system schematic of the embodiment of the present invention, in embodiment, raw coal sieves after coal pulverizer 5 grinds, the rough coal pruinescence of a part (5～20%) is transported to fluidized-bed gasification furnace and reacts with gasifying agent (air or oxygen), reacted product has three parts, a part is gaseous product synthesis gas, a part is thinner top ash, and a part is slag at the bottom of solid.Syngas outlet connects the recombustion burner 2-2 of boiler 2, as the fuel of recombustion burner, by firing again of synthesis gas, realizes and reduces emission of NOx of boiler concentration; When adopting colm or load lower, synthesis gas connects boiler main burner 2-1 by connecting pipe, as its combustion-supporting fuel.Main burner employing center is that gas nozzle is around the structure of a wind passage, and during steady load, central nozzle does not have fuel, and when adopting colm or load lower, opening the synthesis gas control valve of controlling main burner 2-1, to pass into synthesis gas combustion-supporting.The top ash that gasification furnace produces is connected to wind passage one time.The end slag that gasification furnace produces is first cooling through subcooler 3, then after disintegrating machine 4 fragmentations, is also connected to wind passage as the fuel of boiler.The cooling working medium of cooler 3 is feedwater of Steam-Water System in Power Plant, the exhaust steam of doing merit in steam turbine 7 be discharged to condenser 8 cooling after, connection by feed pump 6 flows to cooler 3 by feedwater, after cooler 3 heat absorptions, enter boiler heat-absorbent surface 9, the boiler heat-absorbent surface here comprises economizer, water-cooling wall, superheater and reheater.Certainly at feedwater flow before and after the feed pump, feedwater is also heated by bleeder heater.
The present invention can summarize with other the concrete form without prejudice to spirit of the present invention and principal character.Therefore, above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention all can only think explanation of the present invention can not limit the present invention, and claims have been pointed out scope of the present invention, and scope of the present invention is not all pointed out in above-mentioned explanation.Therefore,, in the implication suitable with claims of the present invention and any change in scope, all should think to be included in the scope of claims.
Claims (1)
1. realize the method that low NOx drainage and steady combustion fall in station boiler for one kind, it is characterized in that, raw coal sieves after coal pulverizer (5) grinds, 5～20% coal dust is transported to fluidized-bed gasification furnace and carries out gasification reaction with the air or oxygen as gasifying agent, reacted product has three parts, a part is gaseous product synthesis gas, and a part is thinner top ash, and a part is slag at the bottom of solid; Syngas outlet connects the recombustion burner (2-2) of boiler (2), as the fuel of recombustion burner, by firing again of synthesis gas, realizes and reduces emission of NOx of boiler concentration; When load is lower, synthesis gas connects boiler main burner (2-1) by connecting pipe, as its combustion-supporting fuel; Main burner employing center is that gas nozzle is around the structure of a wind passage, during steady load, central nozzle does not have fuel, when load is lower, opening the synthesis gas control valve of controlling main burner (2-1), to pass into synthesis gas combustion-supporting, the top ash that gasification furnace produces is connected to wind passage one time, the end slag that gasification furnace produces is first cooling through subcooler (3), then after disintegrating machine (4) fragmentation, is also connected to wind passage as the fuel of boiler; The cooling working medium of cooler (3) is the feedwater of Steam-Water System in Power Plant, the exhaust steam of doing merit in steam turbine (7) be discharged to condenser (8) cooling after, connection by feed pump (6) flows to cooler (3) by feedwater, after cooler (3) heat absorption, enter boiler heat-absorbent surface (9), the boiler heat-absorbent surface here comprises economizer, water-cooling wall, superheater and reheater; At feedwater flow, before and after feed pump, feedwater is also heated by bleeder heater.
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102818247B (en) * | 2012-09-14 | 2015-05-06 | 青岛青义锅炉有限公司 | Efficient steam boiler for gasification and combined combustion of pulverized coal |
| CN104099133A (en) * | 2013-04-02 | 2014-10-15 | 吕玉富 | Boiler-front combustible gas generator for fluidized bed hot water boiler |
| CN104099132A (en) * | 2013-04-02 | 2014-10-15 | 吕玉富 | Boiler-front combustible gas generator for fluidized bed steam boiler |
| CN105879579B (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2019-10-11 | 中国神华能源股份有限公司 | A kind of method and system realized station boiler and reduce heavy metal and NOx pollutant emission |
| CN107120639A (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2017-09-01 | 南京电力设备质量性能检验中心 | A kind of coal-fired boiler combustion operation method and burning runtime |
| CN108518666B (en) * | 2018-04-02 | 2024-04-12 | 北京阳华科技有限公司 | Pulverized coal boiler stable combustion system and method using coal as fuel |
| CN108397768A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-08-14 | 重庆富燃科技股份有限公司 | A kind of device and method that coal gas is applied to coal-fired electric generation furnace |
| CN112965386B (en) * | 2021-02-22 | 2022-03-15 | 上海交通大学 | Coal water slurry gasification and coal-fired boiler ultra-low NOx emission integrated cooperative control method |
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| CN101363620B (en) * | 2007-08-08 | 2010-04-07 | 上海理工大学 | Low NOx combustion system by re-burning partial gas by gasifying coal |
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| US6604474B2 (en) * | 2001-05-11 | 2003-08-12 | General Electric Company | Minimization of NOx emissions and carbon loss in solid fuel combustion |
| CN101761920B (en) * | 2009-12-16 | 2012-07-04 | 上海理工大学 | Method and device for burning low NOx by utilizing reburning of pulverized coal pyrolysis gas |
| CN202171242U (en) * | 2011-07-08 | 2012-03-21 | 华北电力大学 | System capable of reducing NOx emission and stabilizing burning for power station boiler |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101363620B (en) * | 2007-08-08 | 2010-04-07 | 上海理工大学 | Low NOx combustion system by re-burning partial gas by gasifying coal |
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| 煤的部分气化及半焦燃烧系统集成研究;王俊琪;《中国博士学位论文全文数据库 工程科技Ⅱ辑》;20090415(第04期);24 * |
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