CN1806494A - Method for preparing edible fungus circulating cultivation stuff by utilizing waste bacteria bran - Google Patents
Method for preparing edible fungus circulating cultivation stuff by utilizing waste bacteria bran Download PDFInfo
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- CN1806494A CN1806494A CN 200610020275 CN200610020275A CN1806494A CN 1806494 A CN1806494 A CN 1806494A CN 200610020275 CN200610020275 CN 200610020275 CN 200610020275 A CN200610020275 A CN 200610020275A CN 1806494 A CN1806494 A CN 1806494A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a process for preparing cyclical cultivation material for edible mushroom by using waste mushroom bran, comprising: crushing waste bran and double crossing with other cultivation material and then drying, and the invention is characterized in that it comprises flash evaporation with steam, and bacterial enzymolysis before double crossing, for which harmful metabolite and toxin will be destroyed and removed, and the fiber of not disintegrated will bulk, fracture and disintegrate, which is good for disintegration and usage of nutrition in mushroom for edible mushroom in cultivation course. The invention can solve problem of environmental pollution in edible mushroom producing area and reduce cultivation cost and stabilize productivity, which will promote standardized production of edible mushroom.
Description
One, technical field
The invention belongs to the waste mushroom leftover reutilization technology field behind the edible fungus culturing, be specifically related to a kind of waste mushroom leftover behind the edible fungus culturing is handled with microbial engineering after, make the method for the culture medium of edible fungus that recycles.
Two, background technology
The culturing raw material of edible mushroom mainly is stalk and cotton seed hulls, after once cultivating, cellulose has decomposed 30% approximately in the raw material, the material of these the easy decomposition and inversion bacterium that has been eaten in the course of cultivation absorbs, residual is the mostly metabolite of difficult decomposition of cellulose, edible mushroom and the contaminating microorganisms and its toxin that more or less exist.These cultivation discarded objects that are called as the bacterium chaff are owing to not utilizing again and disposing, arbitrarily abandoned in the cultivation area, both occupied land used, again rural environment is caused severe contamination, harm mushroom industry benign development and new countryside construction, and because culturing raw material can only disposablely be used, and must cause cultivating cost increases, mushroom farming income level descends.
Utilize problem again for what solve waste mushroom leftover, prior art discloses some solutions, is the method (" edible mushroom " 2005 (1)) of 91105106.6 " method of cultivating mushroom with waste edible fungus cultivation compost ", Zhang Guangjie etc. " the white oyster mushroom waste material adds the corncob cultivating " Pinggu " mushroom with raw compost " of delivering, " the straw mushroom waste material is planted the agaricus bisporus technology again " (" edible fungi of china " 22 6 phases of volume) that the Liu Ke congruence is delivered as number of patent application.These with the major technique characteristics that the bacterium chaff is used for secondary cultivation method are: the bacterium chaff is directly dried the back use as additive and the collocation of other culturing raw material; Be generally to intersect and use, after drying, plant mushroom with flat mushroom bacterium chaff.Clearly, the problem that prior art exists is: just 1) the bacterium chaff is simply handled as the additive of secondary cultivation material, can not be given full play to the potential value of bacterium chaff.Because promptly use after the bacterium chaff dried with sunlight with other culturing raw material collocation, wherein residual about 70% cellulose is decomposed, also just can not utilize nutriment contained in this part cellulose; 2) the bacterium chaff is handled with the method for drying, can not be eliminated wherein contained harmful metabolite and most of contaminating microorganisms, can in the process of drying, increase microbial contamination amount, particularly fungal spore and bacterial spore on the contrary; 3) because method therefor can not be removed the harmful metabolite in the bacterium chaff and remaining cellulose is suitably decomposed, in fact be difficult to utilize once more the bacterium chaff as the cultivation base-material, otherwise can influence cultivation effect, therefore, the bacterium chaff can only add in the culturing raw material on a small quantity as additive, and the second use rate is low; 4) because method therefor can not be removed harmful metabolite in the bacterium chaff, for fear of of the influence of harmful metabolite, thereby can only intersect use to cultivation, this will dwindle the scope of application of second use undoubtedly.
Three, summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is problem at the prior art existence, a kind of method for preparing the edible fungus circulating cultivation material with waste mushroom leftover is provided, this method can not only be removed harmful metabolite, the contaminating microorganisms in the bacterium chaff, remaining cellulose is decomposed, give full play to the potential value of bacterium chaff, and the base-material that can be used as secondary cultivation uses the restriction that not used by the need intersection.
The method for preparing the edible fungus circulating cultivation material with waste mushroom leftover provided by the invention is that the waste mushroom leftover behind the edible fungus culturing is taken off the bag crushing, composite with other culturing raw material then, drying forms, it is characterized in that taking off the waste mushroom leftover of bag crushing composite before, need to handle through steam flash distillation, microorganism enzymolysis successively earlier, the control parameter of its processing step is respectively:
The steam flash distillation is put into the steam flash tank with the bacterium piece of crushing, feeds steam, makes pressure rise to 0.1～0.3MPa, kept 10～30 minutes, instantaneous exhaust decompression takes out the oven dry of bacterium piece, and further is crushed to thin piece to normal pressure after pressure being risen to 0.4～1.0Mpa again;
The microorganism enzymolysis adds 5～10 parts of microbial enzymes in 100 parts of bacterium pieces after flash distillation, 60～100 parts of water are mixed thoroughly by weight, and in 30～35 ℃ of insulations 6～15 hours down.
The bag crushing of taking off in the said method is that the outer plastic sack film of discarded bacterium bag is sloughed, and cenobium is crushed to piece, makes it easy to carry out the steam flash distillation and handles.First stage of steam flash distillation operation is to utilize steam to make the bacterium piece of crushing soften, remove harmful metabolite of part and toxin, and kill all contaminating microorganisms that adhere on the raw material, second stage is to allow steam outwards explosion type ejection in the raw material, make that undecomposed cellulose etc. expands with cracked in the raw material, increasing the enzymolysis degree of cellulosic surface area and subsequent processing, and further destroy or harmful metabolite of volatilization and toxin.The setting of microorganism enzymolysis operation then is because harmful metabolite and toxin can only be sterilized, remove or destroy to the steam flash process to the bacterium piece, and material such as cellulose is expanded and cracked etc., but can not decomposition of cellulose, this operation is set, in the bacterium piece, add an amount of microbial enzyme cellulose and protease in the bacterium piece are suitably decomposed, be convenient to edible mushroom and in cultivation process again, decompose better and utilize nutriment contained in the bacterium piece.Wherein used microbial enzyme prepares according to a kind of like this method: by the wheat bran skin: water=1 part: 1 part of (weight portion) weighing, mix thoroughly, steam 0.1MPa sterilization was kept 20 minutes, treated the mould or aspergillus oryzae of cold back inoculation wood, cultivated 2～3 days for 25～32 ℃.The setting of composite operation is to consider that useless bacterium chaff is after above-mentioned operation is handled, though contain the considerable material that utilizes, but the ratio between each nutriment is lacked of proper care, needing to add a small amount of auxiliary material adjusts, so that the nutriment of the secondary cultivation material that is obtained is more comprehensive, guarantee the high and stable yields of edible mushroom.
For the nutriment that makes the bacterium piece after the microorganism enzymolysis is handled more comprehensive, simultaneously also at the bacterium piece after above-mentioned operation is handled, contained the considerable concrete condition of utilizing material, avoid waste and reduce cost, the present invention carries out composite prescription to the bacterium piece after the microorganism enzymolysis is handled and other culturing raw material can select the discloseder prescriptions of prior art for use, but the prescription of preferred inventor's screening: promptly by weight, the bacterium piece is 100 parts behind the enzymolysis, 5～30 parts in wheat bran or rice bran, 0.05～0.2 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.01～0.05 part in magnesium sulfate, 0.5～1 part in calcium sulphate, 0.001～0.004 part in zinc sulphate, 40～50 parts in water.
Compared with the prior art the present invention has the following advantages:
1, because the present invention has adopted steam flash distillation operation that waste mushroom leftover is handled, thereby not only can remove toxin that harmful metabolite, contaminating microorganisms and contaminating microorganisms produced and the antifungal factor that the overslaugh mycelia regrows in the bacterium chaff, also avoided the prior art disadvantage that the microbial contamination amount increases in the process of drying, can increase simultaneously the enzymolysis degree of cellulosic surface area and subsequent processing, lay the foundation for utilizing nutriment contained in the residual fiber element.
2, because the present invention has also adopted microorganism enzymolysis operation that waste mushroom leftover is proceeded to handle after steam flash distillation operation, thereby bacterium chaff mesostroma is partly decomposed, become the nutrition of regrowth, be convenient in secondary cultivation, make full use of nutriment contained in this part cellulose, improved the second use rate.
3, because the bacterium chaff after the inventive method is handled has contained the considerable material that utilizes, when composite, need the material of interpolation more less relatively, this can reduce the cultivation cost on the one hand, the waste mushroom leftover amount of using when making the circulating cultivation material is more on the other hand, can reach 95% at most, thereby 400～450 yuan/ton of costs when using the most cheap stalk to prepare a cultivate material, also can be cheap 100～150 yuan/ton, economic benefit is very considerable.
4, because the inventive method can be removed harmful metabolite in the bacterium chaff, avoided of the influence of harmful metabolite, thereby be not subjected to intersect the restriction of using cultivation, can enlarge the scope of application of second use.
5, because the inventive method can be handled the bacterium chaff in a large number, preparation edible mushroom recycle cultivate material, thereby both can thoroughly solve the severe contamination problem of edible mushroom producing region environment, and can reduce cultivation cost and high and stable yields again, impel mushroom industry to the benign development of standardized production mode.
Four, embodiment
Below by embodiment the present invention is specifically described; be necessary to be pointed out that at this following examples only are used for that the invention will be further described; can not be interpreted as limiting the scope of the invention; the person skilled in the art in this field makes some nonessential improvement and adjustment according to the content of the invention described above to the present invention, still belongs to protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
At first will discard the outer plastic sack film of bacterium bag sloughs, and the cenobium of inciting somebody to action wherein is crushed to piece, put into the steam flash tank then, feed steam, make steam pressure rise to 0.1Mpa, keep 30 minutes after, again pressure is risen to 1.0Mpa, and exhaust decompression takes out the oven dry of bacterium piece, and further is crushed to thin piece to normal pressure immediately; By weight, in 100 parts of bacterium pieces after the flash distillation oven dry, add 5 parts and inoculated wooden mould microbial enzyme and 60 parts of water are mixed thoroughly, and in 30 ℃ down insulation carried out the microorganism enzymolysis in 6 hours; Add 20 parts of wheat bran in the bacterium piece behind the microorganism enzymolysis again, 0.05 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.01 part of magnesium sulfate, 0.5 part calcium sulphate, 0.001 part of zinc sulphate and 50 parts of water are composite, mix thoroughly, at last composite bacterium piece is dried or dried to moisture content＜12%, promptly can be used as the circulating cultivation material of edible mushroom.
Embodiment 2
At first will discard the outer plastic sack film of bacterium bag sloughs, and the cenobium of inciting somebody to action wherein is crushed to piece, put into the steam flash tank then, feed steam, make steam pressure rise to 0.3Mpa, keep 10 minutes after, again pressure is risen to 0.6Mpa, and exhaust decompression takes out the oven dry of bacterium piece, and further is crushed to thin piece to normal pressure immediately; By weight, in 100 parts of bacterium pieces after the flash distillation oven dry, add 8 parts and inoculated wooden mould microbial enzyme and 80 parts of water are mixed thoroughly, and in 32 ℃ down insulation carried out the microorganism enzymolysis in 8 hours; Add 15 parts of rice brans in the bacterium piece behind the microorganism enzymolysis again, 0.2 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.05 part of magnesium sulfate, 1 part of calcium sulphate, 0.002 part of zinc sulphate and 50 parts of water are composite, mix thoroughly, at last composite bacterium piece is dried or dried to moisture content＜12%, promptly can be used as the circulating cultivation material of edible mushroom.
Embodiment 3
At first will discard the outer plastic sack film of bacterium bag sloughs, and the cenobium of inciting somebody to action wherein is crushed to piece, put into the steam flash tank then, feed steam, make steam pressure rise to 0.2Mpa, keep 15 minutes after, again pressure is risen to 0.4Mpa, and exhaust decompression takes out the oven dry of bacterium piece, and further is crushed to thin piece to normal pressure immediately; By weight, add 10 parts of microbial enzyme and 100 parts of water of having inoculated aspergillus oryzae in 100 parts of bacterium pieces after the flash distillation oven dry and mix thoroughly, and the microorganism enzymolysis was carried out in insulation in 10 hours under 35 ℃; Add 5 parts of wheat bran in the bacterium piece behind the microorganism enzymolysis again, 0.1 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.02 part of magnesium sulfate, 1 part of calcium sulphate, 0.004 part of zinc sulphate and 40 parts of water are composite, mix thoroughly, at last composite bacterium piece is dried or dried to moisture content＜12%, promptly can be used as the circulating cultivation material of edible mushroom.
Embodiment 4
At first will discard the outer plastic sack film of bacterium bag sloughs, and the cenobium of inciting somebody to action wherein is crushed to piece, put into the steam flash tank then, feed steam, make steam pressure rise to 0.15Mpa, keep 25 minutes after, again pressure is risen to 0.8Mpa, and exhaust decompression takes out the oven dry of bacterium piece, and further is crushed to thin piece to normal pressure immediately; By weight, in 100 parts of bacterium pieces after the flash distillation oven dry, add 5 parts and inoculated wooden mould microbial enzyme and 100 parts of water are mixed thoroughly, and in 32 ℃ down insulation carried out the microorganism enzymolysis in 12 hours; Add 10 parts of wheat bran in the bacterium piece behind the microorganism enzymolysis again, 0.1 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.03 part of magnesium sulfate, 1 part of calcium sulphate, 0.004 part of zinc sulphate and 40 parts of water are composite, mix thoroughly, at last composite bacterium piece is dried or dried to moisture content＜12%, promptly can be used as the circulating cultivation material of edible mushroom.
Embodiment 5
At first will discard the outer plastic sack film of bacterium bag sloughs, and the cenobium of inciting somebody to action wherein is crushed to piece, put into the steam flash tank then, feed steam, make steam pressure rise to 0.3Mpa, keep 20 minutes after, again pressure is risen to 0.7Mpa, and exhaust decompression takes out the oven dry of bacterium piece, and further is crushed to thin piece to normal pressure immediately; By weight, add 5 parts of microbial enzyme and 80 parts of water of having inoculated aspergillus oryzae in 100 parts of bacterium pieces after the flash distillation oven dry and mix thoroughly, and the microorganism enzymolysis was carried out in insulation in 15 hours under 32 ℃; Add 30 parts of rice brans in the bacterium piece behind the microorganism enzymolysis again, 0.15 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.05 part of magnesium sulfate, 1 part of calcium sulphate, 0.002 part of zinc sulphate and 40 parts of water are composite, mix thoroughly, at last composite bacterium piece is dried or dried to moisture content＜12%, promptly can be used as the circulating cultivation material of edible mushroom.
Embodiment 6
At first will discard the outer plastic sack film of bacterium bag sloughs, and the cenobium of inciting somebody to action wherein is crushed to piece, put into the steam flash tank then, feed steam, make steam pressure rise to 0.25Mpa, keep 18 minutes after, again pressure is risen to 0.5Mpa, and exhaust decompression takes out the oven dry of bacterium piece, and further is crushed to thin piece to normal pressure immediately; By weight, in 100 parts of bacterium pieces after the flash distillation oven dry, add 5 parts and inoculated wooden mould microbial enzyme and 80 parts of water are mixed thoroughly, and in 32 ℃ down insulation carried out the microorganism enzymolysis in 12 hours; Add 25 parts of wheat bran in the bacterium piece behind the microorganism enzymolysis again, 0.2 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.04 part of magnesium sulfate, 1 part of calcium sulphate, 0.004 part of zinc sulphate and 50 parts of water are composite, mix thoroughly, at last composite bacterium piece is dried or dried to moisture content＜12%, promptly can be used as the circulating cultivation material of edible mushroom.
Claims (2)
1, a kind of method for preparing the edible fungus circulating cultivation material with waste mushroom leftover, this method is that the waste mushroom leftover behind the edible fungus culturing is taken off the bag crushing, composite with other culturing raw material then, drying forms, it is characterized in that taking off the waste mushroom leftover of bag crushing composite before, need to handle through steam flash distillation, microorganism enzymolysis successively earlier, the control parameter of its processing step is respectively:
The steam flash distillation is put into the steam flash tank with the bacterium piece of crushing, feeds steam, makes pressure rise to 0.1～0.3MPa, kept 10～30 minutes, instantaneous exhaust decompression takes out the oven dry of bacterium piece, and further is crushed to thin piece to normal pressure after pressure being risen to 0.4～1.0Mpa again;
The microorganism enzymolysis adds 5～10 parts of microbial enzymes in 100 parts of bacterium pieces after flash distillation, 60～100 parts of water are mixed thoroughly by weight, and in 30～35 ℃ of insulations 6～15 hours down.
2, according to the described method for preparing the edible fungus circulating cultivation material with waste mushroom leftover of claim 1, it is characterized in that bacterium piece and other culturing raw material after the microorganism enzymolysis is handled carry out composite prescription, be by weight: the bacterium piece is 100 parts behind the enzymolysis, 5～30 parts in wheat bran or rice bran, 0.05～0.2 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.01～0.05 part in magnesium sulfate, 0.5～1 part in calcium sulphate, 0.001～0.004 part in zinc sulphate, 40～50 parts in water.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101591688B (en) * | 2009-06-30 | 2013-01-30 | 华中科技大学 | Method for obtaining transformable substrate by using fungi leftovers |
| CN103650923A (en) * | 2014-01-07 | 2014-03-26 | 兴化市板桥食用菌有限公司 | Bag-hanging factory growing process for edible fungus |
| CN103880490A (en) * | 2014-03-07 | 2014-06-25 | 梁永生 | Straw type culture substrate as well as preparation and application methods thereof |
| CN104987156A (en) * | 2015-07-09 | 2015-10-21 | 辽宁省农业科学院蔬菜研究所 | Lyophyllum fumosurn culture medium using fermented bran and method for cultivating lyophyllum fumosurn |
| CN105075655A (en) * | 2014-05-15 | 2015-11-25 | 甘肃陇西三园生物科技有限责任公司 | Method of cultivating agaricus bisporus by adding biogas residue and biogas slurry in oyster mushroom bran |
| CN106892773A (en) * | 2017-01-19 | 2017-06-27 | 吉林焕坤金浩生物科技有限公司 | The resource utilization method of edible fungi residue |
| CN107814597A (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2018-03-20 | 湖北工业大学 | The preparation method of purple sesame culture medium |
| CN112166955A (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2021-01-05 | 贵州山多农业发展有限公司 | Edible fungus cultivation material and preparation method thereof |
| CN112772276A (en) * | 2021-01-20 | 2021-05-11 | 云南省热带作物科学研究所 | Method for directly cultivating saprophytic bacteria by using waste boletus fuscogilus fungus bags |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1068699A (en) * | 1991-07-20 | 1993-02-10 | 昆明食用菌研究开发中心 | The method of cultivating mushroom with waste edible fungus cultivation compost |
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2006
- 2006-02-14 CN CNB2006100202757A patent/CN100364380C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101591688B (en) * | 2009-06-30 | 2013-01-30 | 华中科技大学 | Method for obtaining transformable substrate by using fungi leftovers |
| CN103650923A (en) * | 2014-01-07 | 2014-03-26 | 兴化市板桥食用菌有限公司 | Bag-hanging factory growing process for edible fungus |
| CN103880490A (en) * | 2014-03-07 | 2014-06-25 | 梁永生 | Straw type culture substrate as well as preparation and application methods thereof |
| CN103880490B (en) * | 2014-03-07 | 2016-06-01 | 梁永生 | A kind of stalk type cultivation matrix and preparation using method |
| CN105075655A (en) * | 2014-05-15 | 2015-11-25 | 甘肃陇西三园生物科技有限责任公司 | Method of cultivating agaricus bisporus by adding biogas residue and biogas slurry in oyster mushroom bran |
| CN104987156A (en) * | 2015-07-09 | 2015-10-21 | 辽宁省农业科学院蔬菜研究所 | Lyophyllum fumosurn culture medium using fermented bran and method for cultivating lyophyllum fumosurn |
| CN104987156B (en) * | 2015-07-09 | 2018-05-22 | 辽宁省农业科学院蔬菜研究所 | A kind of method of binwang mushroom culture medium and cultivation binwang mushroom using mushroom bran |
| CN106892773A (en) * | 2017-01-19 | 2017-06-27 | 吉林焕坤金浩生物科技有限公司 | The resource utilization method of edible fungi residue |
| CN107814597A (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2018-03-20 | 湖北工业大学 | The preparation method of purple sesame culture medium |
| CN112166955A (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2021-01-05 | 贵州山多农业发展有限公司 | Edible fungus cultivation material and preparation method thereof |
| CN112772276A (en) * | 2021-01-20 | 2021-05-11 | 云南省热带作物科学研究所 | Method for directly cultivating saprophytic bacteria by using waste boletus fuscogilus fungus bags |
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