CN1784905A - 视频编解码方法和相应的编解码设备 - Google Patents

视频编解码方法和相应的编解码设备 Download PDF

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CN1784905A
CN1784905A CNA2004800121180A CN200480012118A CN1784905A CN 1784905 A CN1784905 A CN 1784905A CN A2004800121180 A CNA2004800121180 A CN A2004800121180A CN 200480012118 A CN200480012118 A CN 200480012118A CN 1784905 A CN1784905 A CN 1784905A
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C·杜福尔
G·马匡特
S·瓦伦特
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种被应用于一个输入视频序列的编码方法，该视频输入序列对应于被细分成连续的视频对象平面(VOP)的连续场景，并且为了编码所述场景的所有视频对象，该编码方法产生一个编码比特流，该编码比特流的内容按照分开的通道被描述并且由编码的视频数据构成，其中借助于一个比特流语法来描述每一个数据项以便允许识别和解码所述内容的所有单元，所述语法包括被提供来独立地描述对各个通道的时间预测的类型的附加语法信息。根据本发明，所述附加语法信息是一个在片段级或者在宏块级被放置于所述编码比特流中的语法单元，并且其意义或者对于每一个存在的通道是特定的，或者可以由所有存在的通道共享。

Description

视频编解码方法和相应的编解码设备
发明领域
本发明总体涉及视频压缩领域，例如涉及MPEG系列的视频编码标准(MPEG-1、MPEG-2、MPEG-4)以及ITU-H.26X系列的视频推荐(H.261、H.263及扩展、H.264)。更具体来说，本发明涉及一种被应用于一个输入视频序列的编码方法，该视频输入序列对应于被细分成连续的视频对象平面(VOP)的连续场景，并且为了编码所述场景的所有视频对象，该编码方法产生一个编码比特流，该编码比特流的内容按照分开的通道被描述并且由编码的视频数据构成，其中借助于一个比特流语法来描述每一个数据项以便允许识别和解码所述内容的所有单元，所述语法包括被提供来独立地描述对各个通道的时间预测的类型的附加语法信息，所述预测是从包括下列情况的列表中选择的：
-时间预测是通过对于一个或多个参考画面直接应用由编码器发送的运动场(motion field)而形成的；
-时间预测是参考图像的一个拷贝；
-时间预测是通过对该运动场进行时间内插而形成的；
-时间预测是通过对当前运动场进行时间内插而形成的，并且进一步通过由编码器发送的运动场来细化。
本发明还涉及一种相应的编码设备、一种包括由此类编码设备产生的编码比特流的可传输视频信号以及一种用于对包括此类编码比特流的视频信号进行解码的方法和设备。
发明背景
在第一类视频编码标准和推荐(直到MPEG-4和H.264)中，假定视频是矩形的，并且假定按照一个亮度通道和两个色度通道来描述视频。在MPEG-4中，已经引入了一个载送形状信息的附加通道。有两种方法可以用来压缩这些通道：INTRA模式，根据该模式，通过利用单个图像的给定通道中的像素的空间冗余来编码每一个通道；以及INTER模式，该模式利用分开的图像之间的时间冗余。该INTER模式依赖于运动补偿技术，这种技术根据一个或几个先前解码的图像来描述一个图像，这是通过编码从一个图像到另一个图像的像素运动来实现的。通常来说，将待编码的图像分割成独立的块或者宏块，其中为每一个块或者宏块分配一个运动矢量。然后，通过根据该组运动矢量从所述参考图像对各像素块进行位移来构造对图像的预测(亮度和色度通道共享相同的运动描述)。最后，在INTER模式中对待编码图像及其经运动补偿的预测之间的差异(称为残余信号)进行编码，以便进一步细化解码的图像。然而，由于所有的像素通道都是由相同的运动信息描述的，所以这种限制损害了视频编码系统的压缩效率。
发明概要
因此，本发明的目的是提供一种视频编码方法，其中通过对形成时间预测的方式进行适配来避免所述缺陷。
为此，本发明涉及一种诸如在说明书介绍部分中定义的方法，该方法的特征还在于：所述附加语法信息是一个放置在所产生的所述编码比特流中的语法单元，其意义对于每个存在的通道是特定的，根据所提出的实施例，所述单元被放置在片段级(slice level)或者宏块级。
本发明还涉及一种相应的编码设备、一种包括由此类编码设备产生的编码比特流的可传输视频信号以及一种用于对包括此类编码比特流的视频信号进行解码的方法和设备。
发明的具体描述
本发明提出在由各视频标准和推荐所使用的编码语法中引入附加的信息，该附加信息包括一个新的语法单元，该语法单元支持各视频标准和推荐所缺乏的灵活性，并且启发了对各通道的时间预测进行更为有效和独立的编码的新的可能性。该附加语法单元(例如称为“通道时间预测”)采取下列的符号值：
Motion_compensation(运动补偿)
Temporal_copy(时间拷贝)
Temporal_interpolation(时间内插)
Motion_compensated_temporal_interpolation(经运动补偿的时间内插)，这些值的意义是：
a)motion_compensation：时间预测是通过对于一个或多个参考画面直接应用由编码器发送的运动场而形成的(此默认模式隐含地是大多数当前编码系统的INTER编码模式)；
b)temporal_copy：时间预测是参考图像的一个拷贝；
c)temporal_interpolation：时间预测是通过对所述运动场进行时间内插而形成的；
d)motion_compensated_temporal_interpolation：时间预测是通过对当前运动场进行时间内插而形成的，并且进一步通过由编码器发送的运动场来细化。
术语“时间内插”必须广义地来理解，也就是说，其意味着由诸如Vnew＝a.V1+b.V2+K之类的表达式定义的该种类型的任何操作，其中V1和V2表示先前解码的运动场，a和b表示分别被分配给所述运动场的系数，K表示一个偏移量，而Vnew则是所获得的新的运动场。因此可以看出，时间拷贝的特定情况实际上被包括在时间内插的更为一般的情况中，对于时间拷贝的特定情况有b＝0和K＝0(或者a＝0和K＝0)。
根据本发明，必须把所提出的附加语法单元放置在需要被存储(或者被传输到解码侧)的编码比特流中的下列级别上：
1)片段级；或者
2)宏块级；其中在每种情况下，该附加语法单元或者对于每一个存在的通道是特定的，或者可以由所有通道共享。
本发明可以用于这样的情况：其中在片段、宏块或者通道的基础上切换构造时间预测的方式。第一个实例例如可以是具有形状通道的序列：形状信息可能不会改变太多，而亮度和色度通道则载送变化的信息(例如描绘旋转星球的视频就是这种情况：形状总是圆盘，但是其纹理则取决于星球的旋转)。在这种情况下，可以通过时间拷贝来恢复形状通道，并且可以通过经运动补偿的时间内插来恢复亮度和色度通道。第二个实例可以是宏块级的改变的情况。在显示海景的视频序列中，画面的上部是天空，与海不同，天空在各图像间保持不变。因此，可以通过时间拷贝来编码天空的各宏块，而海的各宏块则必须通过时间内插来编码。

Claims (7)

1、一种被应用于一个输入视频序列的编码方法，该视频输入序列对应于被细分成连续的视频对象平面(VOP)的连续场景，并且为了编码所述场景的所有视频对象，该编码方法产生一个编码比特流，该编码比特流的内容按照分开的通道被描述并且由编码的视频数据构成，其中借助于一个比特流语法来描述每一个数据项以便允许识别和解码所述内容的所有单元，所述语法包括被提供来独立地描述对各个通道的时间预测的类型的附加语法信息，所述预测是从包括下列情况的一个列表中选择的：
-时间预测是通过对于一个或多个参考画面直接应用由编码器发送的运动场而形成的；
-时间预测是参考图像的一个拷贝；
-时间预测是通过对该运动场进行时间内插而形成的；
-时间预测是通过对当前运动场进行时间内插而形成的，并且进一步通过由编码器发送的运动场来细化；
所述方法的特征还在于：所述附加语法信息是一个在片段级被放置于所产生的所述编码比特流中的语法单元，并且它的意义对于每个存在的通道是特定的。
2、一种被应用于一个输入视频序列的编码方法，该视频输入序列对应于被细分成连续的视频对象平面(VOP)的连续场景，并且为了编码所述场景的所有视频对象，该编码方法产生一个编码比特流，该编码比特流的内容按照分开的通道被描述并且由编码的视频数据构成，其中借助于一个比特流语法来描述每一个数据项以便允许识别和解码所述内容的所有单元，所述语法包括被提供来独立地描述对各个通道的时间预测的类型的附加语法信息，所述预测是从包括下列情况的一个列表中选择的：
-时间预测是通过对于一个或多个参考画面直接应用由编码器发送的运动场而形成的；
-时间预测是参考图像的一个拷贝；
-时间预测是通过对该运动场进行时间内插而形成的；
-时间预测是通过对当前运动场进行时间内插而形成的，并且进一步通过由编码器发送的运动场来细化；
所述方法的特征还在于：所述附加语法信息是一个在宏块级被放置于所产生的所述编码比特流中的语法单元，并且它的意义对于每个存在的通道是特定的。
3、根据权利要求1和2中的任一条的编码方法，其特征在于，所述意义是由所有存在的通道共享的。
4、一种处理一个输入视频序列的编码设备，该视频输入序列对应于被细分成连续的视频对象平面(VOP)的连续场景，并且为了编码所述场景的所有视频对象，该编码设备产生一个编码比特流，该编码比特流的内容按照分开的通道被描述并且由编码的视频数据构成，其中借助于一个比特流语法来描述每一个数据项以便允许识别和解码所述内容的所有单元，所述编码设备被提供来执行根据权利要求1和2中的任一条的编码方法。
5、一种包括一个编码比特流的可传输的视频信号，该编码比特流由一个处理一个输入视频序列的编码设备产生，该视频输入序列对应于被细分成连续的视频对象平面(VOP)的连续场景，并且为了编码所述场景的所有视频对象，该编码设备产生一个编码比特流，该编码比特流的内容按照分开的通道被描述并且由编码的视频数据构成，其中借助于一个比特流语法来描述每一个数据项以便允许识别和解码所述内容的所有单元，所述可传输的视频信号包括被提供来独立地描述对各个通道的时间预测的类型的附加语法信息，所述预测是从包括下列情况的一个列表中选择的：
-时间预测是通过对于一个或多个参考画面直接应用由编码器发送的运动场而形成的；
-时间预测是参考图像的一个拷贝；
-时间预测是通过对该运动场进行时间内插而形成的；
-时间预测是通过对当前运动场进行时间内插而形成的，并且进一步通过由编码器发送的运动场来细化；
并且所述附加语法信息是一个在片段级或者在宏块级被放置于所产生的所述编码比特流中的语法单元，并且它的意义对于每个存在的通道是特定的。
6、一种用于解码一个可传输的视频信号的方法，该可传输的视频信号包括一个编码比特流，该编码比特流由一个处理一个输入视频序列的编码设备产生，该视频输入序列对应于被细分成连续的视频对象平面(VOP)的连续场景，并且为了编码所述场景的所有视频对象，该编码设备产生一个编码比特流，该编码比特流的内容按照分开的通道被描述并且由编码的视频数据构成，其中借助于一个比特流语法来描述每一个数据项以便允许识别和解码所述内容的所有单元，所述可传输的视频信号包括被提供来独立地描述对各个通道的时间预测的类型的附加语法信息，所述预测是从包括下列情况的一个列表中选择的：
-时间预测是通过对于一个或多个参考画面直接应用由编码器发送的运动场而形成的；
-时间预测是参考图像的一个拷贝；
-时间预测是通过对该运动场进行时间内插而形成的；
-时间预测是通过对当前运动场进行时间内插而形成的，并且进一步通过由编码器发送的运动场来细化；
并且所述附加语法信息是一个在片段级或者在宏块级被放置于所产生的所述编码比特流中的语法单元，并且它的意义对于每个存在的通道是特定的。
7、一种用于执行根据权利要求6的解码方法的解码设备。
CNB2004800121180A 2003-05-06 2004-04-28 视频编解码方法和相应的编解码设备 Expired - Fee Related CN100542286C (zh)

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