CN1781284A - 基于pid过滤器的网络路由 - Google Patents
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Abstract
符合本发明的某些实施例的基于内容服务器(104)的电视机顶盒具有接收机(116、120),其接收包含表示包中内容的数据的传输流,其中包由包标识符(PID)来标识。包标识符过滤器(124)选择具有指定的包标识符的包。映射器(150)将具有指定的包标识符的包映射为网际协议(IP)地址。映射器使用包标识符作为转换表(204)的索引,并从转换表(204)中取出网际协议地址。包转换器将由指定的包标识符所标识的包转换为具有网际协议地址的IP包。路由器(160)、例如无线超宽带路由器依照网际协议地址将IP包路由到接受者。
Description
发明领域
本发明通常涉及多媒体联网领域。更特别地,符合本发明的某些实施例涉及将包标识符(PID)转换为网际协议(IP)地址,以便在多媒体网络环境(例如,家庭娱乐网络)中分配娱乐内容或其他内容。
发明背景
随着计算能力和联网设备的成本的减少,诸如家庭娱乐装置之类的多媒体设备正逐渐地与用户家庭内其他能够组网的装置一起组成网络。这为在整个家庭内增强娱乐内容的分配提供可能性。
这种家庭娱乐装置之间的互操作可能存在很多难题。当这种系统中的多个客户重放设备从多个信源(例如DVD播放器)接收内容时,将适合的信息路由到适合的客户设备通常是一件相对简单的事情。然而,当诸如有线电视系统之类的信源向多个客户设备提供不同的内容时,该问题实质上变得更加复杂。因此,本发明旨在解决在多媒体网络环境内分配来自有线或卫星电视系统传输流(或任何其他包含多路复用内容的传输流)的内容的难题。
附图简述
用附加的权利要求中的特征来阐述被认为是新颖的本发明的特征。然而,通过参考以下本发明的详细说明能更好地理解本发明本身、即结构和操作方法以及其目的和优点,本发明的详细说明结合附图描述了本发明的一些示范性实施例,其中:
图1是按照本发明某些实施例的家庭网络的一部分的框图。
图2是描述按照本发明某些实施例的PID到IP转换过程的流程图。
发明详述
虽然本发明允许有多种不同形式的实施例,但以此为条件在附图中示出并在此将详细描述具体实施例,即本公开内容应被认为是本发明原理的实例,而并不打算将本发明限制为所示出的和所描述的具体实施例。在下面的描述中,相同的参考数字被用于描述附图的多个视图中的相同、相似或对应的部分。
现在转到图1,描述了示范性的电视机顶盒(STB)中央家庭多媒体网络100。在这个示范性的实施例中,诸如被用于从数字有线电视系统或卫星电视系统或地面广播系统转换到电视信号的电视STB被用作家庭网络的服务器104。然而,在其他实施例中,可以使用多路复用的内容流的其他信源,包括但不限于上述的信源、依从MPEG 2(活动图像专家组)的传输流(TS)、依从ATSC(高级电视系统委员会)的传输流、或通过合并来自多个单独信源的内容所形成的内容流(例如,为了系统内的分配效率)。此外,本发明不应受限于构成电视STB的一部分的内容服务器。虽然将要描述的各种组件作为STB服务器104的一部分被示出,但本领域的技术人员可以在不脱离本发明的情况下想到其他的变化。在这个实例中,STB服务器104被用于从由有线系统头端108表示的有线电视系统接收数据流,该有线系统头端经由有线分配网络112向STB 104发送内容。
以简化的形式示出在此所述的STB 104,以便促进本发明的相关部分的讨论,但本领域的技术人员应理解:已经为简单起见省略了其他功能块(例如,支持有条件访问的那些功能块等等)。由STB服务器104在调谐器116处接收内容,该调谐器116调谐到携带所期望的内容的传输流(TS)的、所期望的信道的频率。在解调器120上解调来自调谐器的信号以提供数据包的基带多路复用传输流,该传输流包含多个与传输流内多个节目相关联的基本数据流。然后,将该传输流提供给去多路复用器(信号分离器)124。去多路复用器124起过滤器的作用,该过滤器基于所期望的、标识与特殊的内容(例如,电视节目)选择相关联的子流的包标识符(PID)在传输流中选择包。正常地,只要选择这些包,STB便将这些包转换为可用于电视接收机的格式,例如,通过解压缩和到模拟的转换,以及可能到指定频道(例如,频道3或4)的信号调制。然而,在本实施例中,STB 104充当网络100的服务器,并向许多能够组网的、耦合到网络的客户重放设备提供内容。
在这个实例中,客户重放设备130、134、138和142或者通过例如有线以太网连接或者通过诸如蓝牙连接、IEEE 802.11(a)或者(b)连接、超宽带(UWB)连接(例如如由超宽带工作组-UWBWG进行标准化那样)、或者其它允许根据所分配的网际协议(IP)地址有选择地对设备进行寻址的适当连接之类的无线连接连接到网络。在其它实施例中,同样可以应用其它类型的联网,诸如例如依从HPNA(家庭电话线组网联盟)的网络、PLC(电源线通信)网络、同轴光网或者任何其它适合的通信网络。在UWB无线无线电通信网中,甚至可以在家庭网络系统上多路复用多个高清晰度电视信号。在这个实例中,设备130作为能够组网的音频设备、诸如立体声接收机(即没有视频能力)被示出。设备130被示出为具有IP地址43.191.16.44。设备134和138被示出为能够组网的类似电视机的设备,这些设备分别经由IP地址43.191.16.23和43.191.16.21接收音频和视频信息。设备142被示出为能够组网的具有IP地址43.191.16.161的个人计算机,并且可被用于经由所述IP地址接收音频、视频和/或数据。
当自去多路复用器124出现经PID过滤的具有特殊PID的数据流时,将其传输给PID到IP地址映射器150。这个功能块接收被格式化的包、例如MPEG 2(活动图像专家组)包,这些包包含音频、视频和/或用户数据信息,其中每个包具有标识与数据相关联的节目的PID。为了将这个数据引导到所期望的位置,地址映射器150将PID值映射为数据应该被引导到的设备的IP地址。然后,在包转换器154中将MPEG 2格式的包重新格式化为具有IP地址或者与PID值相关的地址的IP包。在包转换器154的输出端上是被发送到网络路由器160的IP包流,该网络路由器160随后以任何适合的方式将包路由到它们的适当的目的地。
虽然路由器160被示出为STB服务器104的内部组件,但在其它实施例中,STB服务器104可以利用例如以太网来简单地提供来自包转换器154的输出作为输出,以便下行到外部路由器以在不脱离本发明的情况下完成相似的功能。还应注意的是,虽然描述了一种客户-服务器结构,但还可以在不脱离本发明的情况下在对等网络环境中实现按照本发明的某些实施例。
因此,按照本发明的某些实施例的基于电视机顶盒的内容服务器具有接收包含表示包中内容的数据的传输流的接收机,其中通过包标识符来标识包。PID过滤器选择具有指定的PID的包。映射器将具有指定的PID的包映射为网际协议地址。该映射器使用PID作为转换表的索引,并且从转换表中取出IP地址。包转换器将通过指定的PID所标识的包转换为具有该IP地址的IP包。路由器依照该IP地址将该IP包路由到接受者。
在一个按照本发明的实施例中,用户可以订阅特殊的节目或者由一个或多个PID标识的其它内容元素,以便在指定设备上观看或者收听。例如,用户可以订阅节目或者电影以便在楼上的电视机(例如,设备138)上重放,而同时可以订阅其它节目以便在楼下的电视机(例如,设备134)上重放。付费音频节目可以被订阅以便在音频设备130上重放,而其它内容可以被订阅以便在个人计算机142上使用。其它节目可以通过订阅或者其它装置被随心所欲地引导到四个示范的客户设备130、134、138和142中的任意一个或者所有四个示范的客户设备130、134、138和142。这种节目编排通过有线系统使用PID来标识。因此,如图2所示,可以将表构造为用在图2所描述的转换处理200中的表204。
如图所示,表204使PID值与IP地址相关联。在这个实例中,八个PID值被示出为WV、WA、XV、XA、YA、ZV、ZA和P,其中下标V和A分别表示视频和音频内容。因此,依照这个表,具有PID值WV和WA的内容被引导到电视设备134,具有PID值XV和XA的内容被引导到计算机设备142,具有PID值YA的内容被引导到音频接收机130,具有PID值ZV和ZA的内容被引导到电视设备138,具有PID值P的包被引导到所有四个设备。例如可以在被设计用于接收传输流和执行所述的过滤、映射和路由处理的服务器104中的集成电路芯片中执行这个映射处理。这种集成电路可以例如单独实现或者与PID过滤一起实现。在不脱离本发明的情况下其它实现也是可能的。在其它实施例中,被编程的处理器可在不脱离本发明的情况下用于执行PID到IP地址映射以及其他在此描述的功能。
如上所述的路由机制不必分别路由每个包。去往特殊目的地的MPEG包可以在包转换器154处积累到满足指定的包大小,以改善网络效率。也就是说,在包转换过程中不必是一对一的PID包到IP包的关系。此外,被发送到多于一个目的地的包可以针对每个目的地排队等候,然后被发送。替代地,IP广播或者IP组播技术可被用于发送去往多于一个客户设备的包。对于那些本领域技术人员来说在考虑到本教导时会想到其它的变化。
图2描述了一个示范性的处理200,在210处开始用于依照本发明的某些实施例执行PID过滤、PID到IP地址映射以及包转换处理。在214处,在去多路复用器124处接收输入传输流,在222处,去多路复用器124根据所期望的包的列表从传输流中选择所期望的包。例如,可以借助订阅处理、通过在客户设备上的节目编排或者频道选择来产生这个列表。在这种情况下,例如如果所有内容被同时接收,则PID过滤操作选择所有具有PID值WV、WA、XV、XA、YA、ZV、ZA和P的包,并且丢弃具有任何其它PID值(除可能被用于系统目的的指定值)的所有其它包。因此,如果在222处包包含任何所期望的PID值(例如,借助订阅),则将该包传送到226,否则丢弃该包并且控制返回到214。以这种方式,仅从传输流中选出具有所期望的PID值的包。
在226处,参考PID到IP表204,使用PID值作为表204的索引,以便如上所述将PID转换为IP地址。例如,PID值WV将去往IP地址43.191.16.23(电视设备134)。然后该包的数据被重新格式化或否则放置在IP格式的包中(如果需要),并且在230处,该包通过路由器160被路由到所期望的IP地址。然后处理返回到214处以等待接收下一个包。本领域的那些技术人员将会理解,在不脱离本发明的情况下可以实现这个处理的许多变化。
因此,依照符合本发明的某些实施例,一种处理数据包的方法包括:接收包含由包标识符(PID)所标识的数据包的传输流;将PID映射为网际协议(IP)地址;并且将该包转换为包含数据并具有该IP地址的IP包。此外,该处理可包括将该IP包路由到具有该IP地址的联网的设备。这种路由可以在无线路由器、例如使用超宽带信道来传输数据的无线路由器中执行。
本领域的那些技术人员将会认识到,本发明的某些实施例可以基于被编程的处理器的使用。但是,因为可以使用诸如与所描述和所要求的本发明等价的专用硬件和/或专用处理机之类的硬件组件等价物来实现本发明,因此本发明不应如此受限。类似地,通用计算机、基于微处理机的计算机、微控制器、光学计算机、模拟计算机、专用处理机和/或专用硬接线逻辑可以被用于构造本发明的替代等效实施例。
本领域的那些技术人员应理解的是,在不偏离本发明的情况下可以使用磁盘存储器以及其他形式的存储器、诸如例如只读存储器(ROM)设备、随机存取存储器(RAM)设备;光存储元件、磁存储元件、磁光存储元件、闪速存储器、磁心存储器和/或其他等价的存储器技术来实施用于实现上述实施例的程序步骤和相关数据。这种替代的存储设备应该被认为是等价的。
如在此在某些实施例中所描述的,可以使用执行编程指令的被编程的处理器来实现本发明,这些编程指令在前面以流程图的形式概括地被描述,可以被存储在任何适合的电子存储介质中,或通过任何适合的电子通信介质来传输。然而,本领域的那些技术人员应理解的是,上述处理可以在不背离本发明的情况下在多种变型方案中并以多种适合的编程语言加以实现。例如,可以经常改变所执行的某些操作的顺序,可以在不背离本发明的情况下添加附加的操作或者删除操作。可以在不背离本发明的情况下添加和/或增强差错捕捉,并且在用户界面和信息显示方面可以产生变化。这种变型方案是可设想的,并被认为是等价的。
虽然已经结合具体实施例描述了本发明,但明显的是,按照前面的描述,多种替代、修改、置换和变化对本领域的那些技术人员来说将变得显而易见。因此,本发明旨在包含在附加的权利要求范围内的所有这样的替代、修改和变化。
Claims (24)
1.一种处理数据包的方法,包括:
接收包含由包标识符(PID)所标识的数据包的传输流;
将所述包标识符映射为网际协议(IP)地址;以及
将所述包转换为包含数据并具有所述网际协议地址的IP包。
2.依照权利要求1的方法,还包括将所述IP包路由到具有所述网际协议地址的联网的设备。
3.依照权利要求2的方法,其中在无线路由器中执行所述路由。
4.依照权利要求3的方法,其中所述无线路由器使用超宽带信道来传输数据。
5.依照权利要求1的方法,其中所述映射包括使用所述包标识符作为转换表的索引,并从所述转换表中取出所述网际协议地址。
6.依照权利要求1的方法,还包括通过对所述传输流进行包标识符过滤来从所述传输流中取出由所述包标识符所标识的数据包。
7.依照权利要求1的方法,其中所述传输流包括有线电视传输流、地面广播传输流和卫星电视传输流中的一个。
8.依照权利要求1的方法,其中所述包包含视频和音频内容中的至少一个。
9.依照权利要求1的方法,在电视机顶盒中执行。
10.一种存储指令的计算机可读存储介质,当在被编程的处理器上执行所述指令时,实施依照权利要求1的处理数据包的方法。
11.一种内容服务器,包括:
接收包含表示包中内容的数据的传输流的接收机,其中所述包由包标识符(PID)来标识;
选择具有指定的包标识符的包的包标识符过滤器;
将具有所述指定的包标识符的包映射为网际协议(IP)地址的映射器;和
将由所述指定的包标识符所标识的包转换为具有所述网际协议地址的IP包的包转换器。
12.依照权利要求11的内容服务器,还包括依照所述网际协议地址将所述IP包路由到接受者的路由器。
13.依照权利要求11的内容服务器,其中所述路由器包括无线路由器。
14.依照权利要求13的内容服务器,其中所述无线路由器使用超宽带信道来传输数据。
15.依照权利要求13的内容服务器,其中所述路由器包括以太网路由器。
16.依照权利要求11的内容服务器,其中所述映射器使用所述包标识符作为转换表的索引,并从所述转换表中取出网际协议地址。
17.依照权利要求11的内容服务器,其中所述传输流包括有线电视传输流和卫星电视传输流中的一个。
18.依照权利要求11的内容服务器,其中所述包包含视频和音频内容中的至少一个。
19.依照权利要求11的内容服务器,被包含在电视机顶盒中。
20.一种基于内容服务器的电视机顶盒,包括:
接收包含表示包中内容的数据的传输流的接收机,其中所述包由包标识符(PID)来标识;
选择具有指定的包标识符的包的包标识符过滤器,其中所述包包含视频和音频内容中的至少一个;
将具有所述指定的包标识符的包映射为网际协议(IP)地址的映射器,其中所述映射器使用所述包标识符作为转换表的索引,并从所述转换表中取出网际协议地址;
将由所述指定的包标识符所标识的包转换为具有所述网际协议地址的IP包的包转换器;和
依照所述网际协议地址将所述IP包路由到接受者的路由器。
21.依照权利要求20的电视机顶盒,其中所述传输流包括有线电视传输流和卫星电视传输流中的一个。
22.依照权利要求20的电视机顶盒,其中所述路由器包括无线路由器。
23.依照权利要求20的电视机顶盒,其中所述路由器包括以太网路由器。
24.依照权利要求20的电视机顶盒,其中所述无线路由器使用超宽带信道来传输数据。
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-
2003
- 2003-02-24 US US10/373,479 patent/US20040165586A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2004
- 2004-02-17 KR KR1020057015547A patent/KR20050102671A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2004-02-17 WO PCT/US2004/004583 patent/WO2004077768A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2004-02-17 JP JP2006503624A patent/JP2006521041A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-02-17 CN CNA2004800050490A patent/CN1781284A/zh active Pending
- 2004-02-17 EP EP04711826A patent/EP1597878A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101873319A (zh) * | 2010-06-09 | 2010-10-27 | 航天恒星科技有限公司 | 支持多pid的传输码流到ip包的实时转换装置及方法 |
CN101873319B (zh) * | 2010-06-09 | 2013-05-01 | 航天恒星科技有限公司 | 支持多pid的传输码流到ip包的实时转换装置及方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR20050102671A (ko) | 2005-10-26 |
US20040165586A1 (en) | 2004-08-26 |
EP1597878A1 (en) | 2005-11-23 |
JP2006521041A (ja) | 2006-09-14 |
WO2004077768A1 (en) | 2004-09-10 |
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