CN1778693B - Through-flow vacuum seawater desalination plant and method thereof - Google Patents
Through-flow vacuum seawater desalination plant and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN1778693B CN1778693B CN2005100490054A CN200510049005A CN1778693B CN 1778693 B CN1778693 B CN 1778693B CN 2005100490054 A CN2005100490054 A CN 2005100490054A CN 200510049005 A CN200510049005 A CN 200510049005A CN 1778693 B CN1778693 B CN 1778693B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
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Abstract
A through-flow vacuum seawater desalination plant and method are disclosed. Seawater pump is communicated with seawater tower by pipeline, seawater tower is connected with degassing tank, which is communicated with multi-effect tank, single decalcification softening tank, boiler and heat exchanger, multi-effect tanks are connected serially, which are communicated with condenser, condenser is communicated with gas-liquid separator, condenser is connected with gas-liquid separator or heat exchanger, and multi-effect tank is connected with concentrating tank. The process is carried out by vacuum supplying from multi-effect tank, pre-dipping fresh water outlets in fresh water pool, locating gas extraction opening at the top with level 10 meters above fresh water pool, shutting vacuum pump after vacuum supplying, opening softened water outlet valve with single decalcification, entering softened water into 1-N effect, flowing it into concentrated tank, reaching level of concentrated tank to certain position, operating concentrated tank and evaporating.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to desalination technology, particularly relate to tubular automatic vacuum sea water distiling plant of less energy-consumption and treatment process.
Background technology
People have created several different methods to the desalination of seawater, but are able to mainly contain two types of actual use at present.A kind of is that distillation is sent out, and another kind is a membrane processing method, is distillation method and the station owner leads the status.The apparatus and method of existing desalination by distillation seawater but exist following shortcoming: the one, and the fluid circulation link in each device, every effect all promotes with pump (comprising vacuum pump), needs consumed power; The 2nd, discharge a large amount of warm concentrated seawaters, taken away a large amount of heat energy, cause energy loss; The 3rd, discharge a large amount of water coolant (only part is used for desalination), i.e. heat extraction section is taken away more thermal energy; The 4th, add non-seawater component and cause and cause multiple pollution; The 5th, the crystallization of desalination can't reach comprehensive utilization; The 6th, every cubic metre desalination water consumes total seawater amount and reaches 6 cubic metres, and power consumption is big.Because above-mentioned various shortcomings cause energy consumption higher relatively, have greatly influenced and have applied.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the defective of prior art, provide a kind of potential energy that utilizes to carry out all fronts through-flow circulation, can keep permanent vacuum again, saving energy, tubular automatic vacuum sea water distiling plant and desalination method that cost is low.
The technical scheme of the tubular automatic vacuum sea water distiling plant of the present invention is: connect seawater column by the road by sea-water pump; Seawater column connects degassing vessel, and degassing vessel connects multiple-effect jar, the softening jar of single decalcification, boiler, interchanger and condensing surface, each multiple-effect jar series connection respectively; The multiple-effect jar connects condensing surface; Condensing surface connects gas-liquid separator, and condensing surface or gas-liquid separator connect interchanger, and the multiple-effect jar connects extremely concentration tank.Its described multiple-effect jar is one to imitate to N and imitate, and imitates number and does not limit, and this N two is imitated or triple effects ... Perhaps eight imitate nine effects etc.Its described extreme concentration tank can connect whizzer, and the whizzer connecting pipeline is to the bittern pond, and the bittern pump is installed in the bittern pond.
The method of the tubular automatic vacuum sea water desaltination of the present invention is characterized in that the clarification seawater after killing livestock is sent into seawater column by sea-water pump, introduces the dual degassing of seething with excitement in the degassing vessel then; Hot sea water after the degassing gets into the softening jar of single decalcification, and to carry out single decalcification softening, the multiple-effect jar is evacuated again, and each water outlet of imitating answers preimpregnation in fresh-water pool when vacuumizing; Bleeding point is positioned at the top of gas-liquid separator, highly surpasses the highest liquid level of fresh-water pool more than 10 meters, treat that vacuum is evacuated to the limit after; Close vacuum pump, open the softening seawer outlet valve of single decalcification, the hot mastication seawater gets into one and imitates; Imitate until N by imitating through-flow then, flow into extremely concentration tank at last, after the liquid level of extreme concentration tank reaches desired location; The N effect just no longer includes liquid and continues to flow to extremely concentration tank; N effect liquid level also reaches the setting liquid level then, and also puts in place until an effect, changes works better over to; It is additional by preceding effect gravity flow acquisition to get each effect of concentrating liquid, and the steam of each effect jar preceding generation passes its all each jars of aftereffect separately and goes out fresh water through condensation respectively.Its described single decalcification is softening to be to get the insoluble calcium salt for inducing crystal seed; With the corresponding sodium salts is precipitation agent; Carry out induced crystallization under arbitrary temperature condition in normal temperature to boiling spread, induced crystallization carries out in retort, and described retort is water tank type structure or pot type structure.
Compared with present technology through-flow vacuum sea water distiling plant of the present invention and method, have following characteristics:
One, this less energy-consumption through-flow vacuum sea water distiling plant is the circulation of (vapour, liquid) full-tubular; Make hot gas, the liquid of an effect all change next effect utilization over to; So not only thermo-efficiency is high; And saved all middle recycle pumps, and eliminated the circulation power consumption of present routine, save the energy to greatest extent.
Two, after vacuum pump only begins to be extracted into the limit; Close vacuum pump, the water column gravity that whole vacuum system utilizes universal gravitation to produce is offset normal atmosphere and is kept system's vacuum tightness (device feature keeps relative relief; In the eternal immersion water of desalination water relief outlet, stop air inversion to get into system).And system can automatic condensate temperature change vacuum tightness (vacuum tightness that is kept is exactly the water saturation vp under this temperature) according to condensing surface.So each vacuum tightness of imitating of the design all is back one imitates and is higher than last effect, and boiling point to be back one imitate is lower than last effect.Last spissated seawater leans on the gravity water column to flow into extremely condensing crystal jar of normal pressure automatically, carries out evaporative crystallization.
Three, the float-ball type automatic control system is adopted in the control of the liquid level of each parts, has saved all level control valve doors, and need not manual operation.
Four, for effectively the keeping of vacuum system, seawater at first carries out the dual boiling degassing, to guarantee no Qihai water entering system.The atmospheric steam that gassiness steam that the degassing produces and extreme produce when concentrating is exactly the used energy of vacuum system.
Five, the vapor condensation of system adopts the major path spiral sheet condenser, and steam is coagulated for the synthermal or liquid (water) of low temperature slightly, to reclaim latent heat; The screw shell heat-exhanger that is series at hypomere then makes the warm liquid of condensation and cooling water (seawater) carry out the net heat exchange; Reclaim sensible heat wherein, the water coolant after being heated (being with temperature) then gets into degassing vessel, to reduce living steam consumption; Form a good thermal utilization recycle system, water coolant does not efflux basically.
Six, present technique reaches by the logically true empty technology of the system of its differentiation (can receiving tank be evacuated in advance and replace the gravity fluid column), can also all need carry out industry and post uses such as vacuum distilling, vacuum-drying, vacuum filtration at other.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is example structure synoptic diagram of through-flow vacuum sea water distiling plant of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is embodiment synoptic diagram of through-flow vacuum sea water distiling plant body-lined type multiple-effect jar of the present invention.
Embodiment
The invention discloses tubular automatic vacuum sea water distiling plant of a kind of less energy-consumption and method, be adopt that multiple-effect distillation desalinizes seawater, the process integration of salt manufacturing, halogen.So device is to connect seawater column 2 by the road by sea-water pump 1 like Fig. 1, shown in Figure 2, seawater column connects degassing vessel 3; Degassing vessel 3 connects multiple-effect jar 5,6,7, softening jar 4 of single decalcification, low pressure boiler 8, interchanger 22 and condensing surface 15 respectively, many series connection such as its interchanger 22,23,24,25,26,27,28, and interchanger 28 connects seawater column 2 again; Its condensing surface 15,16,17,18,19,20,21 also is many series connection; Condensing surface also connects seawater column 2, and multiple-effect jar 5,6,7 is an effect, two effects ... N is imitated, each multiple-effect jar 5,6,7 series connection; Multiple-effect jar 7 connects condensing surface 21; Condensing surface connects gas-liquid separator 31,32,33,34,35, and condensing surface or gas-liquid separator connect interchanger 22,23,24,25,26,27,28, and the multiple-effect jar connects extremely concentration tank 9.Its described multiple-effect jar is one to imitate to N and imitate, and imitates number and does not limit.Its described extreme concentration tank 9 connects whizzer 10, and the whizzer connecting pipeline is to bittern pond 11, and bittern pump 2 is installed in the bittern pond, and the following material after this apparatus processes obtains Industrial Salt 36 and bittern through the whizzer separation, is industrial raw material entirely.
The method of through-flow vacuum sea water desaltination of the present invention is the clarification seawater after kill livestock (available electrolysis is killed livestock), sends into seawater column 2 with sea-water pump 1, flows into the degassing vessel 3 dual degassing of seething with excitement then.Hot sea water after the degassing (100 ℃) gets into single decalcification and carries out single decalcification softening (specifically seeing another patented technology) for softening jar 4; Again multiple-effect jar 5,6,7 etc. is evacuated; Each multi-purpose water outlet answers preimpregnation in fresh-water pool 29 when vacuumizing, in case air admission, because bleeding point 37 (being positioned at the top of gas-liquid separator) highly surpasses fresh-water pool 29 the highest liquid levels more than 10 meters; Be generally 10.5 meters (1 atmospheric water colunm height is 10.34 meters), water is taken out less than in the vacuum pump.Extremely concentration tank also should preset an amount of softening seawater, and its amount just can be full of its connecting pipeline with the N effect.Because the discrepancy in elevation of pipeline also is 10.5 meters, air advances not go like this.By the time after vacuum is evacuated to the limit, close vacuum pump, intrasystem vacuum just is able to keep.Then; Open the softening water outlet valve 38 of single decalcification; The softening water of high temperature (100 ℃) just gets into one with the bumping form and imitates, and flow into successively two imitate, triple effect imitates until N, flows into extremely concentration tank 9 then; After the liquid level of extreme concentration tank reached the setting liquid level, (by the control of float-ball type liquid level control device) N effect just no longer included liquid and continues to flow toward the extreme concentration tank.So can N jar liquid level also reach the setting liquid level, put in place by imitating subsequently, also put in place until an effect, after this, work has changed over to normally.
After system's all liquid all puts in place; Extremely concentration tank 9 is also started working, and along with the carrying out of evaporation, each imitates liquid volume all in minimizing; The part that reduces is all introduced (because an effect is all high than last effect after the vacuum tightness by last effect; And effective fluid column of 10.5 meters imitate is leaned at the end, adds that the proportion of concentrated seawater increases, and also is enough to obtain to offset the power of high vacuum) one imitate 5 and go out softening water and replenish by constantly taking out (filter) in softening jar.What so just can not stop circulates.
Last effect evaporate the steam (having a large amount of latent heat) that through after one imitate heat exchange after, just with liquefaction, its hydrothermal solution continues to make the heat energy more efficient use toward current downflow exchange sensible heat.After last imitates exchange, introduce the heat exchanger set 22,23,24,25,26,27,28 that each is imitated respectively, flow into fresh-water pool 29 with normal temperature seawater series connection cooling back.Because having a mind to be provided with each, device imitates the temperature head of discharging fresh water; So imitate the fresh water temperature of discharging minimum (temperature of nearly refrigerated sea water) thus forward by the end; Each imitates temperature has increase slightly, two groups of last normal pressure water outlet, and its temperature is imitated be close (imitating but must be lower than the end) with the end; And water coolant is after the series connection heat exchange, and its temperature also rises to close with normal pressure distilled outlet fresh water (being lower than the end imitates) by normal temperature.This warm water converges the back and gets into degassing vessel, and can close the seawater valve that water tower gets into degassing vessel this moment.Whole device is operation automatically just.
Because total vacuum tightness is higher in the device, the seawater boiling point that imitate at the end generally can be controlled in below 45 ℃, and the total system thermosteresis is few like this.
Big as if steam output, temperature is high, and water coolant and steam output are difficult to balance, and unnecessary warm water coolant can part be discharged by the ditch, flows back to and clarifies in the seawater pond of killing livestock, and after lowering the temperature naturally, still gets into circulation.Can accomplish watertight operating.
Described single decalcification is pond or jar for softening jar.Described single decalcification is softening to be to get insoluble calcium salt (CaCO for example
3, CaSO
3, CaC
2O
4, CaF
2, Ca
3(PO
4)
2Deng) for inducing crystal seed, and with relative sodium salt (Na for example
2CO
3, Na
2SO
3, Na
2C
2O
4, NaF, Na
3PO
4Deng) be precipitation agent, under the arbitrary temperature condition in normal temperature to boiling spread, carry out induced crystallization, induced crystallization carries out in retort, and described retort is water tank type structure or pot type structure.More specifically technology has patent in addition.
Claims (3)
1. the through-flow vacuum method for desalting seawater is characterized in that adopting the through-flow vacuum sea water distiling plant, connects seawater column (2) by the road by sea-water pump (1); Seawater column connects degassing vessel (3), and degassing vessel (3) connects multiple-effect jar, single decalcification softening jar (4), boiler (8), interchanger and condensing surface, each multiple-effect jar series connection respectively; N is imitated the multiple-effect jar and is connected condensing surface, and condensing surface connects gas-liquid separator, and condensing surface or gas-liquid separator connect interchanger; N is imitated the multiple-effect jar and is connected extremely concentration tank, and said method is: the clarification seawater after killing livestock is sent into seawater column (2) by sea-water pump (1), introduces degassing vessel (3) the dual degassing of seething with excitement then; Hot sea water after the degassing gets into single decalcification softening jar (4), and to carry out single decalcification softening, each multiple-effect jar is evacuated again, and the water outlet of each multiple-effect jar answers preimpregnation in fresh-water pool when vacuumizing; Bleeding point is positioned at the top of gas-liquid separator, highly surpasses the highest liquid level of fresh-water pool more than 10 meters, treat that vacuum is evacuated to the limit after; Close vacuum pump, open the softening seawer outlet valve of single decalcification, the hot mastication seawater gets into one and imitates the multiple-effect jar; Imitate the multiple-effect jar by imitating through-flow until N then, flow into extremely concentration tank (9) at last, after the liquid level of extreme concentration tank arrives desired location; N effect multiple-effect jar just no longer includes liquid and continues to flow to extremely concentration tank; N is imitated multiple-effect jar liquid level and is also arrived the setting liquid level then, and also puts in place until an effect multiple-effect jar, changes works better over to; After system's all liquid all puts in place; Extremely concentration tank (9) is also started working, and along with the carrying out of evaporation, each liquid volume of imitating the multiple-effect jar is all reducing; The part that reduces is all introduced by last effect multiple-effect jar; One imitates the multiple-effect jar then replenishes by constantly extracting softening seawater out in softening jar of single decalcification, and each is imitated the steam that produces before the multiple-effect jar and passes each multiple-effect jar of its all aftereffect separately and go out fresh water through condensation respectively, and described single decalcification is softening to be to get the insoluble calcium salt for inducing crystal seed; With the corresponding sodium salts is precipitation agent; Carry out induced crystallization under arbitrary temperature condition in normal temperature to boiling spread, induced crystallization carries out in retort, and described retort is water tank type structure or pot type structure.
2. the method for through-flow vacuum sea water desaltination as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that said each parts liquid level controlled by the float-ball type liquid level control device.
3. through-flow vacuum method for desalting seawater as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that the vacuum that device obtains; Each imitates the multiple-effect jar by distilled fresh water temperature adjusting and maintenance automatically separately; The non-stop run of needing no vacuum pump, each imitates the fresh water temperature height of multiple-effect jar, is had a mind to produce by condensing surface that is connected in series and interchanger.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2005100490054A CN1778693B (en) | 2005-01-27 | 2005-01-27 | Through-flow vacuum seawater desalination plant and method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2005100490054A CN1778693B (en) | 2005-01-27 | 2005-01-27 | Through-flow vacuum seawater desalination plant and method thereof |
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| CN1778693A CN1778693A (en) | 2006-05-31 |
| CN1778693B true CN1778693B (en) | 2012-05-02 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101264947B (en) * | 2008-04-30 | 2011-05-11 | 华北电力大学 | Segment water-water preheating multiple-effect distillation sea water desalination technical process |
| CN101913667A (en) * | 2010-08-06 | 2010-12-15 | 何斌 | Low-energy consumption normal-temperature seawater desalinating system and method |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1125692A (en) * | 1994-12-31 | 1996-07-03 | 北京市西城区新开通用试验厂 | Solar-energy stepped squential flashing sea-water desalination device |
| CN1506314A (en) * | 2002-12-12 | 2004-06-23 | 周政明 | Method and apparatus for separating solution and desalting sea water |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1125692A (en) * | 1994-12-31 | 1996-07-03 | 北京市西城区新开通用试验厂 | Solar-energy stepped squential flashing sea-water desalination device |
| CN1506314A (en) * | 2002-12-12 | 2004-06-23 | 周政明 | Method and apparatus for separating solution and desalting sea water |
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Granted publication date: 20120502 Termination date: 20130127 |