CN1769044B - 具有聚酯层和保护层的多层复合体 - Google Patents

具有聚酯层和保护层的多层复合体 Download PDF

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CN1769044B
CN1769044B CN2005101199992A CN200510119999A CN1769044B CN 1769044 B CN1769044 B CN 1769044B CN 2005101199992 A CN2005101199992 A CN 2005101199992A CN 200510119999 A CN200510119999 A CN 200510119999A CN 1769044 B CN1769044 B CN 1769044B
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multilayer composite
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CN1769044A (zh
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G·施米茨
H·黑格尔
H·里斯
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Evonik Operations GmbH
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Abstract

一种具有改善的层粘合性的多层复合体,其包含以下层:I.内层I,选自氟聚合物-模塑组合物和聚烯烃-模塑组合物;II.粘合剂层II,其组成如下:a)2到80重量份的聚胺-聚酰胺接枝共聚物;b)0到85重量份的聚酯,c)0到85重量份的聚合物,选自聚酰胺、含氟聚合物和聚烯烃,其中a)、b)和c)的重量份之和为100;d)最大50重量份的添加剂;III.由聚酯-模塑组合物形成的层III。

Description

具有聚酯层和保护层的多层复合体
技术领域
本发明的主题是一种多层复合体,其具有由热塑性聚酯形成的阻挡层以及由阻挡醇的材料形成的保护层,该材料选自含氟聚合物和聚烯烃。
背景技术
在开发例如作为管材用来传输汽车中的液态或气态介质的多层复合体时,所用的模塑组合物必须对于要传输的介质具有足够的化学稳定性,并且必须提高所有对该管材提出的机械要求,即使是在长期荷载燃料、油或温度作用之后也是如此。除了要满足具有足够耐燃料性这一要求外,汽车工业还要求改善燃油管路的阻隔作用,以减少烃向环境的排放。这就需要开发多层管材体系,并且在该体系中要使用例如热塑性聚酯作为阻挡层材料。相应的体系例如记载在EP-A-0509211、EP-A-0569681和EP-A-1065048中。不过这些已知的管材存在缺点,即,聚酯模塑组合物易于醇解和水解并且当使用含醇燃料时,其良好的机械强度会随时间而丧失。
为了解决该问题,EP-A-0637509提出,将能使聚酯层防水和醇的含氟聚合物层设置为最内层。含氟聚合物层和聚酯层通过粘合剂彼此粘合。作为粘合剂公开的是含有含氟聚合物、弹性含氟聚合物或氟橡胶和晶体聚酯或聚酯弹性体的混合物。此外还可含有热塑性的聚氨酯、聚酰胺弹性体、改性的聚烯烃或者“可混物”,其具有例如环氧基团、酸酐基团、噁唑啉基团、异氰酸酯基团、羧酸基团或氨基基团。但在完全不考虑永久粘合的前提下,无法判断是否因此能实现完全粘合。由于公开的组分部分溶于燃料,因此该粘合剂没有足够的耐燃料性。此外,根据此非常笼统的说明,本领域技术人员无法毫无困难地仿效EP 0637509在该问题上的教导。
DE-OS 4336289中记载了另一个技术方案。其中,聚酯层和内侧的含氟聚合物层通过两个相互接连的粘合剂层彼此粘合。不过制备这种复杂体系非常昂贵。
此处的变化在于还有一聚烯烃内层,用以防止聚酯层受水和醇作用。但这里也出现一个问题,即,必须达到充分粘合。
发明内容
因此,本发明的任务是开发一种粘合剂,其能够实现在聚酯层和保护层之间良好粘合。此外,另一任务在于,所实现的粘合应不会受到由于接触燃料而带来的不利影响。而且该粘合力在复合体使用期间应保持在足够的程度。总之,要力争获得尽可能简单的技术方案。
这些任务可通过一种包含以下层的多层复合体实现:
I.内层I,选自任选地经粘合改性的含氟聚合物模塑组合物和任选地经粘合改性的聚烯烃模塑组合物;
II.粘合剂层II,其组成如下:
a)2到80重量份,优选4到60重量份,特别优选6到40重量份的接枝共聚物,其使用以下单体制得:
-以接枝共聚物计,0.5到25重量%的聚胺,其带有至少4个,优选至少8个,特别优选至少11个氮原子,且数均分子量Mn优选至少146g/摩尔,特别优选至少500g/摩尔,特别优选至少800g/摩尔,以及
-形成聚酰胺的单体,选自内酰胺、ω-氨基酸和/或二胺和二羧酸的等摩尔组合物;
b)0到85重量份,优选10到75重量份,特别优选25到65重量份的聚酯,
c)0到85重量份的聚合物,选自聚酰胺、含氟聚合物和聚烯烃,
其中a)、b)和c)的重量份之和为100;
d)最大50重量份,优选最大30重量份,特别优选最大20重量份的添加剂,选自经冲击改性的橡胶和/或常用助剂或添加剂;
III.由聚酯模塑组合物形成的层III。
使用优选5到75重量份,特别优选10到65重量份,极其优选20到55重量份的成分II.c)。
该多层复合体通常是管材或空心体。
用于层I的含氟聚合物可以是例如聚偏二氟乙烯(PVDF),乙烯-四氟乙烯共聚物(ETFE),借助第三成分如丙烯、六氟丙烯、氟乙烯或偏二氟乙烯改性的ETFE(例如EFEP),乙烯-氯三氟乙烯共聚物(E-CTFE),聚氯三氟乙烯(PCTFE),四氟乙烯-六氟丙烯-偏二氟乙烯共聚物(TV,四氟乙烯-六氟丙烯共聚物(FEP)或者四氟乙烯-全烷基乙基醚共聚物(PFA)。
如果层II的粘合剂本身不含有足够量的含氟聚合物,则优选对层I的含氟聚合物进行粘合改性,这意味着,要存在能与粘合剂的氨基反应因而能够相结合的官能团。这样的粘合改性一般以两种途经进行:
-或者含氟聚合物含有嵌入的官能团,例如酸酐基团或羧酸酯基团,如US5576106、US-A-2003148125、US-A-2003035914、US-A-2002104575、JP-A-10311461、EP-A-0726293、EP-A-0992518或WO 9728394中所述;
-或者氟聚合物-模塑组合物含有一种可与含氟聚合物混合或至少相容的含有官能团的聚合物。这种体系例如公开在EP-A-0637511或相当于此的US5510160中以及公开在EP-A-0673762或相当于此的US5554426中,这里明显也涉及到这些内容。EP-A-0673762中改性的含氟聚合物由以下组成:
-97.5到50重量%,优选97.5到80重量%,特别优选96到90重量%的PVDF,以及
-2.5到50重量%,优选2.5到20重量%,特别优选4到10重量%的丙烯酸酯共聚物,其至少具有以下基本构成单元:
i)14到85重量%的酯构成单元,
ii)0到75重量%的酰亚胺构成单元,
iii)0到15重量%的羧酸构成单元,和
iiii)7到20重量份的羧酸酐构成单元。
关于更详细的细节可参见所涉及的文献,这些文献的内容也明确地属于本申请的公开内容.
可替代用于层I的聚烯烃首先是聚乙烯,特别是高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)或者是全同立构的聚丙烯。此处的聚丙烯可以是均聚物或共聚物,例如用乙烯或1-丁烯作为共聚单体,并且可使用无规共聚物和嵌段共聚物。此外,聚丙烯也可以是冲击改性的,例如相应于现有技术采用乙烯-丙烯-橡胶(EPM)或EPDM进行改性。
如果层II的粘合剂本身不含有足够量的聚烯烃,则层I的聚烯烃也可优选进行粘合改性,使得存在能与粘合剂的氨基反应的官能团。合适的官能团首先是羧基、羧酸酐基、碳酸酯基、酰基内酰基、噁唑啉基、噁嗪基、噁嗪酮基、碳二亚胺基或环氧基。
相应于现有技术,官能团通过与烯属不饱和官能团的化合物,如丙烯酸、马来酸、富马酸、马来酸单丁酯、马来酸酐、乌头酸酐、衣康酸酐或乙烯基噁唑啉,进行通常是自由基和/或热方式的反应,而接枝到聚烯烃链上,或者它们通过烯属不饱和官能团化合物与烯烃进行自由基共聚合反应而嵌入到主链中。
在成分II.a)的接枝共聚物情况下,氨基浓度优选在100到2500mmol/kg范围内。
可使用诸如以下种类的物质作为聚胺:
-聚乙烯基胺(Chemie Lexikon,9版,6卷,4921页,Georg Thieme出版社,斯图加特1992);
-聚胺,由交替的聚酮制得(DE-OS 19654058);
-枝状聚合物,例如
((H2N-(CH2)3)2N-(CH2)3)2-N(CH2)2-N((CH2)2-N((CH2)3-NH2)2)2
(DE-A 19654179)或者
三(2-氨基乙基)胺、N,N-双(2-氨基乙基)-N’,N’-双[2-[双(2-氨基乙基)氨基]乙基]-1,2-乙烷二胺、3,15-双(2-氨基乙基)-6,12-双[2-[双(2-氨基乙基)氨基]乙基]-9-[2-[双[2-双(2-氨基乙基)氨基]乙基]氨基]乙基]3,6,9,12,15-五氮杂十七烷-1,17-二胺(J.M.Warakomski,Chem.Mat.1992,4,1000-1004);
-直链聚乙烯亚胺,其可通过聚合4,5-二氢-1,3-噁唑以及随后进行水解而制得(Houben-Weyl,Methoden der Organischen Chemie,E20卷,1482-1487页,Georg Thieme出版社,斯图加特,1987);
-支链聚乙烯亚胺,其通过聚合氮丙啶得到(Houben-Weyl,Methoden derOrganischen Chemie,E20卷,1482-1487页,Georg Thieme出版社,斯图加特,1987)且其通常具有以下的氨基分布:
25到46%伯胺,
30到45%仲胺,和
16到40%叔胺。
优选情况下,该聚胺的数均分子量Mn最大为20000g/摩尔,特别优选最大为10000g/摩尔,特别优选最大为5000g/摩尔。
用作形成聚酰胺的单体的内酰胺或ω-氨基酸含有4到19,特别是6到12个碳原子。特别优选使用ε-己内酰胺、ε-氨基酸、辛内酰胺、ω-氨基辛酸、月桂内酰胺、ω-氨基十二酸和/或ω-氨基十一烷酸。
二胺和二羧酸的组合例如是六亚甲基二胺/己二酸、六亚甲基二胺/十二烷二酸、八亚甲基二胺/癸二酸、十亚甲基二胺/癸二酸、十亚甲基二胺/十二烷二酸、十二亚甲基二胺/十二烷二酸和十二亚甲基二胺/2,6-萘二甲酸.此外还可使用所有其他组合,例如十亚甲基二胺/十二烷二酸/对苯二甲酸、六亚甲基二胺/己二酸/对苯二甲酸、六亚甲基二胺/己二酸/己内酰胺、十亚甲基二胺/十二烷二酸/ω-氨基十一酸、十亚甲基二胺/十二烷二酸/月桂内酰胺、十亚甲基二胺/对苯二甲酸/月桂内酰胺或十二亚甲基二胺/2,6-萘二甲酸/月桂内酰胺.
在一个优选的实施方案中,接枝共聚物还可使用低聚羧酸制得,其所述低聚羧酸选自0.015到约3摩尔%二羧酸和0.01到约1.2摩尔%三羧酸,分别以形成聚酰胺的其余单体的总和计。在此情况下,考虑的均是每个这些单体的二胺和二羧酸的等量的组合。按这种方式,形成聚酰胺的单体总体上具有稍微过量的羧基。若使用二羧酸,则加入优选0.03到2.2摩尔%,特别优选0.05到1.5摩尔%,特别优选0.1到1摩尔%,极其优选是0.15到0.65摩尔%:如果使用三羧酸,则优选加入0.02到0.9摩尔%,更优选0.025到0.6摩尔%,特别优选0.03到0.4摩尔%,极其优选是0.04到0.25摩尔%。通过共同使用低聚羧酸,不但能明显改善耐溶剂和燃料性,特别是水解和醇解稳定性以及抗应力开裂性,而且还能改善溶胀特性,从而改善尺寸稳定性以及对扩散的阻碍作用。
可使用6到24个碳原子的任意二羧酸或三羧酸作为低聚羧酸,例如己二酸、辛二酸、壬二酸、癸二酸、十二烷二酸、间苯二甲酸、2,6-萘二甲酸、环己烷-1,4-二羧酸、苯均三酸和/或偏苯三酸。
此外,如果希望,可以使用3到50个碳原子的脂族、环脂族、芳族、芳烷基和/或烷基芳基取代的单羧酸,例如月桂酸、不饱和的脂肪酸、丙烯酸或苯甲酸作为调节剂。用这些调节剂可以减小氨基的浓度,而不改变分子结构。此外,以这种方式还可以引入官能团,如双键或三键等。但是,接枝共聚物具有相当量的氨基也是理想的。特别优选接枝共聚物的氨基浓度为150到1500mmol/kg,特别优选为250到1300mmol/kg,更特别优选为300到1100mmol/kg。这里和以下出现的“氨基”应理解为不仅指氨基端基,而且指任选存在于聚胺的仲氨基或叔氨基官能团。
该接枝共聚物的制备在EP-A-1065048中有详细描述。
作为组分II.b)以及层III的聚酯可考虑直链结构的热塑性聚酯。它们可通过二醇与二羧酸或其形成聚酯的衍生物如二甲酯进行缩聚而制得。合适的二醇具有式HO-R-OH,其中R是具有2到40,优选2到12个碳原子的二价、支链或非支链的脂肪族和/或脂环族基团。合适的二羧酸具有式HOOC-R’-COOH,其中R’是具有6到20,优选6到12个碳原子的二价芳族基团。
二醇的实例可提及乙二醇、丙二醇、丁二醇、己二醇、新戊二醇、环己烷二甲醇以及C36-二醇二聚二醇。二醇可单独使用或作为二醇混合物使用。
至多25摩尔%所述二醇可被以下通式的聚亚烷基二醇代替:
其中R”表示2到4个碳原子的二价基团,并且x可取2到50的值。
作为芳香族二羧酸的可考虑,例如对苯二甲酸,间苯二甲酸,1,4-、1,5-、2,6-或2,7-萘二甲酸、联苯酸和二苯醚-4,4’-二甲酸。至多30摩尔%的这些二羧酸可被脂族或脂环族二羧酸,例如丁二酸、己二酸、癸二酸、十二烷二酸或环己烷-1,4-二甲酸代替。
合适的聚酯的实例是聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯、聚2,6-萘二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚2,6-萘二甲酸丙二醇酯和聚2,6-萘二甲酸丁二醇酯。原则上,层III的聚酯以及组分IIb)的聚酯可以是相同类型。如果不是这种情况,则聚酯优选选自彼此相容的类型。
这些聚酯的制备属于现有技术(DE-OSS 2407155、2407156;Ullmannsder technischen Chemie,4版,19卷,65页起,Chemie出版社,Weinheim,1980)。
聚酯模塑组合物可含有这些聚酯的一种或作为混合物的多种。此外还可含有至多40重量%的其他热塑体,只要其不损害结合能力,特别是冲击改性的橡胶。此外聚酯模塑组合物还可含有常见的用于聚酯的助剂和添加剂,例如防火剂、稳定剂、加工助剂、特别是用以改善导电能力的填料、增强纤维、颜料等。所述试剂的加入量以不严重影响所需性能为宜。
作为组分II.c)的聚酰胺,首先考虑的是脂族均聚酰胺和共聚酰胺,例如PA46、PA 66、PA 68、PA 612、PA 88、PA 810、PA 1010、PA 1012、PA 1212、PA6、PA 7、PA 8、PA 9、PA 10、PA 11和PA 12。(聚酰胺标号与国际标准对应,其中,前面的数字表示起始二胺的碳原子数,后面的数字表示二羧酸的碳原子数。如果只有一个数字,则意味着是由α,ω-氨基酸或从其衍生的内酰胺起始的;其余内容可参见H.Domininghaus,Die Kunststoffe und ihre Eigenschaften,272页起,VDI出版社,1976。)
如果使用共聚酰胺,则它们可含有例如己二酸、癸二酸、辛二酸、间苯二甲酸、对苯二甲酸、萘-2,6-二甲酸等作为共聚酸,或者双(4-氨基环己基)甲烷、三甲基六亚甲基二胺、六亚甲基二胺或类似物质作为共聚二胺。同样可嵌入诸如己内酰胺或月桂内酰胺的内酰胺或者诸如ω-氨基十一酸的氨基酸作为共聚组分。
这些聚酰胺的制备是已知的(例如D.B.Jacobs,J.Zimmermann,Polymerization Processes,424-467页,Interscience出版社,纽约,1977;DE-AS-2152194)。
此外,混合的脂肪族/芳香族缩聚物也适合作为聚酰胺,例如在US-PSS2071250、2071251、2130523、2130948、2241322、2312966、2512606和3393210以及在Kirk-Othmer,Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology,3版,18卷,328页起和435页起,Wiley&Sons,1982中描述的那些。其他合适的聚酰胺是聚(醚酯酰胺)或聚(醚酰胺);这样的产品记载在例如DE-OSS 2523991,2712987和3006961中。
对于聚酰胺端基并没有限制。不过,如果端基是多于50%的氨基端基,则通常会得到最好的结果。
可使用与层I相同的化合物作为含氟聚合物以及作为聚烯烃,且其可任选含有作为组分II.c)的组分。如果层I由含氟聚合物模塑组合物形成,则适于此的情况是,组分II.c)同样可含有含氟聚合物,且优选是相同类型的,而在此情况下在组分II.c)中使用聚烯烃则不能改善层粘合性。
与此类似,如果层I由聚烯烃模塑组合物形成,则组分II.c)同样可含有聚烯烃,且优选是相同类型的,而在此情况下在组分II.c)中使用含氟聚合物则不能改善层粘合性.
任选含于组分II.c)中的含氟聚合物或聚烯烃优选如上所述地粘合改性。在此情况下可不必对层I模塑组合物的粘合进行改性。
可使用与用于所述层III聚酯模塑组合物中的那些相同的添加剂作为组分II.d)的添加剂。
除了层I到III,在本发明的复合体中还可含有其他层,例如与层III经合适的粘合剂(层IV)结合由聚酰胺模塑组合物和聚烯烃模塑组合物形成的层V。适合于此的粘合剂是现有技术。在聚酰胺层或聚烯烃层上还可连接有橡胶或热塑性弹性体构成的外壳。同样地,也可在内层I上连接另一最内侧的含氟聚合物层或聚烯烃层。
在一实施方案中,多层复合体还含有一再生层。在制备本发明的复合体时会不断出现废料,例如来自挤出装置的运行过程中的,或在挤出发泡时或者在批量生产管材时以溢料形式出现的废料。要将由该废料形成的再生层嵌入两种其他层之间,从而能够尽可能补偿再生混合物可能会出现的脆裂。
所谓本发明的多层复合体是指例如管材、注入导管或特别是用于传导或贮存液体或气体的容器。这种管材可设计成直线形或波形,或者其只在部分区域弯曲。波形管是现有技术(例如US 5460771),因而在此不再赘述。这样的多层复合体的重要使用目的在于用作燃料导管、油箱注入管、蒸气管线(即,其中传导燃料蒸气的管线,如排气导管)、加油导管、冷却液导管、空调设备导管或燃料容器如附加油箱或贮油罐等。
在使用本发明多层复合体来传导或贮存可燃液体、气体或粉末如燃料或燃料蒸气时,可取的做法是导电式地设置一个属于复合体的层或附加的内层。这可通过按照所有现有技术方法来掺合导电的添加物而实现。可用作导电添加物的例如有导电炭黑、金属箔、金属粉末、金属化玻璃球、金属化玻璃纤维、金属纤维(例如由不锈钢形成的)、金属化晶须、炭纤维(也是金属化的)、本身导电的聚合物或石墨原纤维。也可使用不同导电添加剂的混合物。
在优选情况下,导电层要与待输导或待贮存的介质直接接触,并且其表面电阻最大为109Ω/square,优选最大为106Ω/square。确定多层管材电阻的测量方法在SAEJ2260(1996年11月,7.9段)中有所说明。
该多层复合体的制备可以一步或多步进行,例如通过一步法,由多组分注塑法、共挤出法、共挤出吹塑法(例如还有3D吹塑、在打开的半个模具中的软管挤出、3D软管操作、抽吸吹塑、3D抽吸吹塑、连续吹塑)等方法制备,或者通过多步法制备,例如涂层法。
具体实施方式
以下将示例性解释本发明。
在实施例中使用以下的模塑组合物:
内层(层I):
氟聚合物1:按照EP-A-0673762,由95重量%市售的PVDF和5重量%聚戊二酰亚胺形成的混合物,且后者由以下基本构成单元组成:
57重量%来自甲基丙烯酸甲酯,
30重量%N-甲基戊二酰亚胺型,
3重量%来自甲基丙烯酸,和
10重量%戊二酸酐类型
(通过甲基丙烯酸甲酯与甲胺水溶液在熔融状态中的反应而制得)。
含氟聚合物2:Daikin Industries Ltd.,Japan公司的RP 5000,一种改性的EFEP
含氟聚合物3:Daikin Industries Ltd.,Japan公司的
Figure G2005101199992D00092
RP 5000AS,一种导电能力经调节的改性EFEP
聚烯烃1:
Figure G2005101199992D00093
P 83MF 10,DSM Deutschland GmbH的一种PP共聚物
聚烯烃2:
Figure G2005101199992D00094
A 6013,DSM Deutschland GmbH的一种PE-HD
粘合剂(层II以及IV):
接枝共聚物的制备:
使9.5kg月桂内酰胺在180℃到210℃在加热釜中熔化,并转入密闭的缩聚釜中。然后加入475g水和0.54g次磷酸。在自调节的固有压力下在280℃下进行内酰胺裂解;然后在3小时内减压至残留水蒸气压力为5巴,并计量加入500g聚乙烯亚胺(BASF AG,路德维希港公司的LUPASOL G 100)以及15g十二烷二酸。使两种组分自调节到固有压力加工;随后减压到大气压,然后在280℃下将氮气通过熔融体2小时。冷的熔融体通过熔体泵作为支路取出,在水浴中冷却,然后造粒。
HV1:12.6kg的PA12(ηrel=2.1)、22.82kg的
Figure G2005101199992D00095
3000(Degussa AG的均聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯,溶液粘度J为165cm3/g)和5.0kg的接枝共聚物在Berstorff公司的双螺杆捏合机ZF 25 33D上,在270℃下,并且在150转/分钟以及10kg/h的通量下熔融混合,连续挤压和造粒。
HV2:如HV1,不同之处在于,PA12被马来酸酐接枝的聚丙烯(MitsuiChemicals Inc.,Japan的QB 520E)代替
HV3:如HV1,不同之处在于,PA12被马来酸酐接枝的聚乙烯(MitsuiChemicals Inc.,Japan的NF408E)代替
聚酯层(层III):
PES:Degussa AG的冲击改性的均聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯
外层(层V):
PA12:Degussa AG的冲击改性的、软化的聚酰胺(X7293)
聚烯烃2:如上
实施例1到5:
在装有两个45毫米(er)挤出机和三个30毫米(er)挤出机的5层设备上,在挤出速度约为12米/分钟下制备尺寸为8×1毫米的管材。
  实施例  内层=层I   层II   层III   层IV   层V
  1  0.1mm含氟聚合物1   0.1mmHV1   0.3mmPES   0.1mmHV1   0.4mmPA 12
  2  0.1mm含氟聚合物2   0.1mmHV1   0.3mmPES   0.1mmHV1   0.4mmPA 12
  3  0.1mm含氟聚合物3   0.1mmHV1   0.3mmPES   0.1mmHV1   0.4mmPA 12
  4  0.1mm聚烯烃1   0.1mmHV2   0.3mmPES   0.1mmHV1   0.4mmPA 12
  5  0.1mm聚烯烃2   0.1mmHV3   0.3mmPES   0.1mmHV3   0.4mm聚烯烃2
管材的表征:
在实施例1到5的管材中,含氟聚合物内层或聚烯烃内层和聚酯层之间的粘合力,不但在新挤出时而且在储存燃料后(内接触储存CM15,测试燃料由42.5体积%异辛烷、42.5体积%甲苯和15体积%甲醇组成,在80℃下,每星期更换燃料,1000h)都非常高,使得无法分离这些位置的粘合。
按照-40℃下依SAE J 2260进行的低温冲击韧性实验,所有的管材——无论新挤出的还是储存燃料后(内接触储存CM15,在80℃下,每星期更换燃料,1000h)——的断裂率分别为0/10。

Claims (16)

1.一种多层复合体,包含以下层:
I.内层I,选自含氟聚合物模塑组合物和聚烯烃模塑组合物;
II.粘合剂层II,其具有如下组成:
a)2到80重量份的接枝共聚物,其使用以下单体制得:
-以接枝共聚物计,0.5到25重量%的具有至少4个氮原子的聚胺,以及
-形成聚酰胺的单体,选自内酰胺、ω-氨基酸和/或二胺和二羧酸的等摩尔组合物;
b)0到85重量份的聚酯,
c)0到85重量份的聚合物,选自聚酰胺、含氟聚合物和聚烯烃,
其中a)、b)和c)的重量份之和为100;
d)最大50重量份的添加剂,选自经冲击改性的橡胶和/或常用助剂或添加剂;
III.由聚酯模塑组合物形成的层III。
2.根据权利要求1的多层复合体,其特征在于,含有
-4到60重量份的成分II.a)和/或
-10到75重量份的成分II.b)。
3.根据权利要求1的多层复合体,其特征在于,含有
-6到40重量份的成分II.a)和/或
-25到65重量份的成分II.b)。
4.根据前述权利要求之一的多层复合体,其特征在于,含有5到75重量份的成分II.c)。
5.根据权利要求4的多层复合体,其特征在于,含有10到65重量份的成分II.c)。
6.根据权利要求4的多层复合体,其特征在于,含有20到55重量份的成分II.c)。
7.根据权利要求1到6之一的多层复合体,其特征在于,该含氟聚合物选自PVDF、ETFE、借助第三成分改性的ETFE、E-CTFE、PCTFE、THV、FEP和PFA。
8.根据权利要求1到6之一的多层复合体,其特征在于,使用聚乙烯或全同立构的聚丙烯作为聚烯烃。
9.根据前述权利要求之一的多层复合体,其特征在于,所述含氟聚合物或聚烯烃经粘合改性。
10.根据前述权利要求之一的多层复合体,其特征在于,所述聚酯选自聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯、聚2,6-萘二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚2,6-萘二甲酸丙二醇酯和聚2,6-萘二甲酸丁二醇酯。
11.根据前述权利要求之一的多层复合体,其特征在于,该多层复合体还具有经合适的粘合剂而与层III粘合的由聚酰胺模塑组合物或聚烯烃模塑组合物形成的层。
12.根据前述权利要求之一的多层复合体,其特征在于,该多层复合体为管材或空心体。
13.根据前述权利要求之一的多层复合体,其特征在于,该多层复合体是完全或部分区域呈波形的管材。
14.根据前述权利要求之一的多层复合体,其特征在于,该多层复合体是燃料导管、制动液导管、冷却液导管、液压液体导管、加油导管、空调设备导管、蒸气管线、容器或注入导管。
15.根据前述权利要求之一的多层复合体,其特征在于,导电式地安装一个属于复合体的层或附加的内层。
16.根据前述权利要求之一的多层复合体,其特征在于,该多层复合体通过共挤出法、涂层法、多组分浇铸法或共挤出吹塑法制得。
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Granted publication date: 20100512