CN1743760A - CO2 steam-solid particle refrigerating system - Google Patents
CO2 steam-solid particle refrigerating system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1743760A CN1743760A CNA2005100302642A CN200510030264A CN1743760A CN 1743760 A CN1743760 A CN 1743760A CN A2005100302642 A CNA2005100302642 A CN A2005100302642A CN 200510030264 A CN200510030264 A CN 200510030264A CN 1743760 A CN1743760 A CN 1743760A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- solid particle
- adjustable nozzle
- flow control
- control valve
- steam
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
- F25B9/008—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
- F25B2309/06—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
- F25B2309/061—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the refrigerant being carbon dioxide with cycle highest pressure above the supercritical pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
- F25B2400/23—Separators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/25—Control of valves
- F25B2600/2507—Flow-diverting valves
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
A CO2 steam-solid grain refrigeration system, which contains refrigerant CO2, compressor, condenser, throttle valve, gas-liquid separator, high pressure flow adjusting valve, adjustable nozzle, sublimator, temperature sensor whose signal controlling adjustable nozzle. Said invention realizes the solid refrigerant transmission in the system, reduces refrigerated temperature, in favor of raises system performance and has fine environment protection.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of system of refrigeration technology field, particularly a kind of CO
2Steam-solid particle refrigerating system.
Background technology
CO
2Be a kind of material that exists naturally, stable in properties does not have destruction for environment, therefore can use as cold-producing medium in compression-type refrigerating system.In existing compression system, CO
2Form with gaseous state, liquid state or gas-liquid mixed flows in refrigeration system.Because CO
2The three phase point temperature is-56.8 ℃, is lower than the three phase point temperature and will forms solid CO
2, i.e. dry ice, so above-mentioned employing CO
2Be-56.8 ℃ for the minimum evaporating temperature of the refrigeration system of cold-producing medium must be higher than the three phase point temperature, generally be not less than-55 ℃.Produce lower temperature if desired, then must solve solid CO
2The problem of refrigeration.
Find that through open source literature retrieval A.V.Rozhentsev is published in Proceedingsof 19 to prior art
ThInternational congress of refrigeration, 1995, Theme 3, Equipment and Processes:176-183 (the 19th of nineteen ninety-five international refrigeration proceeding, special topic 3: device and process 176-183) paper " A throttle-sublimation refrigeratingmachine using the solid coolant with changeable porous structure " (adopting the throttling distillation refrigeration machine of the solid-state cooling agent of variable loose structure) has been introduced the liquid-solid three-phase mixture of carbon dioxide gas has been placed the cryogenic box layering, carries out the method that heat exchange produces cold with thermal source.In this device, drikold does not flow, and refrigerating capacity is very little, only between 0.5W ~ 16W.
In order to produce bigger cold, just need supply drikold continuously, require drikold in system, constantly to flow, but solid transport difficulty, blocking pipe needs to propose new refrigerant system configurations for this reason easily.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at CO
2Minimum evaporating temperature can not be lower than the problem of three phase point, and a kind of CO is provided
2Steam-solid particle refrigerating system makes it utilize carbon dioxide-vapor-solid particle two-phase mixture distillation refrigeration, and cooling temperature reduces, and has realized effectively transporting of solid-state cold-producing medium.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions, the present invention includes compressor, cooler, choke valve, gas-liquid separator, high pressure flow control valve, adjustable nozzle, sublimator, low pressure flow control valve, temperature sensor.Connected mode is: compressor outlet links to each other with cooler inlet, cooler outlet links to each other with the choke valve import, the choke valve outlet links to each other with the gas-liquid separator import, gas-liquid separator has two outlets, gas-liquid separator top gaseous phase outlet links to each other with the import of high pressure flow control valve, the outlet of gas-liquid separator bottom liquid links to each other with adjustable nozzle master import, the outlet of high pressure flow control valve converges the back with the outlet of low pressure flow control valve and links to each other with import in the middle of the adjustable nozzle, the adjustable nozzle outlet links to each other with the sublimator import, the sublimator outlet is divided into two-way, one the tunnel links to each other with compressor inlet, one the tunnel links to each other with the import of low pressure flow control valve, temperature sensor is installed in the sublimator outlet, and the control signal of adjustable nozzle links to each other with the sublimator outlet temperature sensor.
Refrigeration working medium of the present invention adopts CO
2When system works, compressor absorbs CO
2Steam, and it is compressed to high pressure, the then CO of high pressure-temperature
2The cooling of inflow cooler.Cooled high pressure CO
2Fluid is throttled to an intermediate pressure (a little higher than three phase point pressure) through choke valve, enters gas-liquid separator.The CO that discharges from the gas-liquid separator bottom
2Saturated liquid enters adjustable nozzle, is diverted to the saturated CO of low pressure flow control valve with the sublimator export pipeline
2The CO of steam and the outlet of high pressure flow control valve
2Mix, mixed gas-fluid two-phase mixture step-down becomes uniform solid particle, and is spouting through diffuser.And the saturated vapor of discharging from the gas-liquid separator top is shunted and next saturated CO with the compressor inlet pipeline through the throttling step-down once more of high pressure flow control valve
2Vapor mixing flows into adjustable nozzle.Gas-solid particle the two phase flow of adjustable nozzle outlet, the thermal source outside entering sublimator and managing carries out heat exchange.Solid particles all in the sublimator inlet fluid all are deposited on pipe internal surface, and carry out sufficient heat exchange and distilled the CO of sublimator outlet fully with the outer thermal source of pipe
2Be the saturated vapor under the sublimation pressure.Part sublimator outlet saturated vapor is sucked by compressor and is compressed to high pressure, another part by the low pressure flow control valve by injection in adjustable nozzle.The temperature sensor signal of installing on the sublimator export pipeline, the control adjustable nozzle is regulated the solid particle size that forms in the adjustable nozzle.
Adjustable nozzle produces CO with the liquid of gas-liquid separator bottom below being depressurized to three phase pressures
2Solid particle, and, change the solid particle size that forms according to sectional area or other parameters that the temperature signal of temperature sensor is regulated nozzle.The operating pressure of adjustable nozzle is at 6 ~ 7bar.
Sublimator is used for replacing evaporimeter needed cold is provided.Thermal source flows heat release to the CO that deposits in the pipe outside pipe
2Solid particle, solid particle heat absorption distillation.Sublimator is made of a series of sudden expansion pipelines arranged side by side, and the internal diameter of the pipeline of upstream is little and lack, and the downstream line internal diameter is big and grow.When normal operation, the deposition and the distillation of solid particle reach balance, and speed is identical, and the solid particle of skim deposition is arranged on the inside pipe wall.
The present invention compares with existing gas-liquid phase transition refrigeration system, has outstanding feature and good effect.The first, adopt gas-liquid separator, adjustable nozzle, sublimator and low pressure flow control valve and high pressure flow control valve to replace original evaporimeter, reduced cooling temperature; Second, the ejector action that utilizes nozzle with sublimator export steam by low pressure flow control valve and gas-liquid separator outlet saturated vapor by high pressure flow control valve injection to adjustable nozzle, reduced the content of solid in the Dual-Phrase Distribution of Gas olid, effectively avoid a large amount of depositions and the line clogging of solid, realized effectively transporting of solid-state cold-producing medium; The 3rd, improved the Energy Efficiency Ratio of refrigeration system; The 4th, adopt the natural refrigerant carbon dioxide as cold-producing medium, do not damage the ozone layer, the feature of environmental protection is good.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structured flowchart of the present invention.
Among the figure, 1 is compressor, and 2 is cooler, and 3 is choke valve, and 4 is gas-liquid separator, and 5 is the high pressure flow control valve, and 6 is adjustable nozzle, and 7 is sublimator, and 8 is the low pressure flow control valve, and 9 is temperature sensor.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention includes: compressor 1, cooler 2, choke valve 3, gas-liquid separator 4, high pressure flow control valve 5, adjustable nozzle 6, sublimator 7, low pressure flow control valve 8, temperature sensor 9.Connected mode is: compressor 1 outlet links to each other with cooler 2 imports, cooler 2 outlets link to each other with choke valve 3 imports, choke valve 3 outlets link to each other with gas-liquid separator 4 imports, gas-liquid separator 4 has two outlets, gas-liquid separator 4 top gaseous phase outlets link to each other with 5 imports of high pressure flow control valve, the outlet of gas-liquid separator 4 bottom liquids links to each other with adjustable nozzle 6 main imports, 5 outlets of high pressure flow control valve converge the back with 8 outlets of low pressure flow control valve and link to each other with import in the middle of the adjustable nozzle 6, adjustable nozzle 6 outlets link to each other with sublimator 7 imports, sublimator 7 outlets are divided into two-way, one the tunnel links to each other with compressor 1 import, and another road links to each other with 8 imports of low pressure flow control valve.Temperature sensor 9 is arranged on sublimator 7 outlets, and its control signal links to each other with adjustable nozzle 6.
Refrigeration working medium of the present invention adopts CO
2When system works, compressor 1 absorbs CO
2Steam, and it is compressed to high pressure, the then CO of high pressure-temperature
2Flow into cooler 2 coolings.Cooled high pressure CO
2Fluid is throttled to an intermediate pressure (a little higher than three phase point pressure) through choke valve 3, enters gas-liquid separator 4.The CO that discharges from gas-liquid separator 4 bottoms
2Saturated liquid enters adjustable nozzle 6, is diverted to the saturated CO of low pressure flow control valve 8 with sublimator 7 export pipelines
2The CO of steam and 5 outlets of high pressure flow control valve
2Mix, mixed gas-fluid two-phase mixture step-down becomes uniform solid particle, and is spouting through adjustable nozzle 6 diffusers.And the saturated vapor of discharging from gas-liquid separator 4 tops is shunted and next saturated CO with compressor 1 inlet ductwork through high pressure flow control valve 5 throttling step-down once more
2Vapor mixing flows into adjustable nozzle 6.Gas-solid particle the two phase flow of adjustable nozzle 6 outlets, the thermal source outside entering sublimator 7 and managing carries out heat exchange.Solid particles all in sublimator 7 inlet fluid all are deposited on pipe internal surface, and carry out sufficient heat exchange and distilled the CO of sublimator 7 outlets fully with the outer thermal source of pipe
2Be the saturated vapor under the sublimation pressure.Part sublimator 7 outlet saturated vapors are sucked by compressor 1 and are compressed to high pressure, and another part is arrived 6 li at adjustable nozzle by low pressure flow control valve 8 by injection.The signal of the temperature sensor of installing on sublimator 7 export pipelines 9 in order to the sectional area of control adjustable nozzle 6, is regulated the solid particle size that forms in the adjustable nozzle 6.
Adjustable nozzle 6 produces CO with the liquid of gas-liquid separator 4 bottoms below being depressurized to three phase pressures
2Solid particle, and, the solid particle size of formation is changed according to area or other parameters that the temperature signal of temperature sensor 9 is regulated adjustable nozzle 6.The operating pressure of adjustable nozzle 6 is at 6 ~ 7bar, and its flow section adjustable range is 50% ~ 100% of a standard-sized sheet sectional area.
Sublimator 7 is used for replacing evaporimeter needed cold is provided.Thermal source flows heat release to the CO that deposits in the pipe outside pipe
2Solid particle, solid particle heat absorption distillation.Sublimator 7 is made of a series of sudden expansion pipelines arranged side by side, and the internal diameter of the pipeline of upstream is little and lack, and the downstream line internal diameter is big and grow.When normal operation, the deposition and the distillation of solid particle reach balance, and speed is identical, and the solid particle of skim deposition is arranged on the inside pipe wall.Sublimator 7 adopts shell and tube exchanger.
Temperature sensor 9 adopts RTD formula temperature sensor, and measurement category is-80 ~ 50 ℃.
High pressure flow control valve 5, low pressure flow control valve 8 can adopt needle-valve.
Claims (8)
1, a kind of CO
2Steam-solid particle refrigerating system, comprise: compressor (1), gas cooler (2), choke valve (3), gas-liquid separator (4), it is characterized in that, also comprise: high pressure flow control valve (5), adjustable nozzle (6), sublimator (7), low pressure flow control valve (8), temperature sensor (9), refrigeration working medium adopts CO
2Compressor (1) outlet links to each other with cooler (2) import, cooler (2) outlet links to each other with choke valve (3) import, choke valve (3) outlet links to each other with gas-liquid separator (4) import, gas-liquid separator (4) has two outlets, gas-liquid separator (4) top gaseous phase outlet links to each other with high pressure flow control valve (5) import, the outlet of gas-liquid separator (4) bottom liquid links to each other with the main import of adjustable nozzle (6), high pressure flow control valve (5) outlet converges the back with low pressure flow control valve (8) outlet and links to each other with import in the middle of the adjustable nozzle (6), adjustable nozzle (6) outlet links to each other with sublimator (7) import, sublimator (7) outlet is divided into two-way, one the tunnel links to each other with compressor (1) import, another road links to each other with low pressure flow control valve (8) import, temperature sensor (9) is arranged on sublimator (7) outlet, and its signal links to each other with adjustable nozzle (6).
2, CO as claimed in claim 1
2Steam-solid particle refrigerating system is characterized in that, the temperature signal of temperature sensor (9) is regulated the solid particle size that forms in the adjustable nozzle (6) in order to the sectional area of control adjustable nozzle (6).
3, as claim 1 or 2 described CO
2Steam-solid particle refrigerating system is characterized in that, adjustable nozzle (6), and its flow section adjustable range is 50% ~ 100% of a standard-sized sheet sectional area.
4, as claim 1 or 2 described CO
2Steam-solid particle refrigerating system is characterized in that, the operating pressure of adjustable nozzle (6) is at 6 ~ 7bar.
5, CO as claimed in claim 1
2Steam-solid particle refrigerating system is characterized in that, sublimator (7) is made of the sudden expansion pipeline, and the internal diameter of the pipeline of upstream is little and lack, and the downstream line internal diameter is big and grow.
6, as claim 1 or 5 described CO
2Steam-solid particle refrigerating system is characterized in that, sublimator (7) adopts shell and tube exchanger.
7, CO as claimed in claim 1
2Steam-solid particle refrigerating system is characterized in that, temperature sensor (9) adopts RTD formula temperature sensor, and measurement category is-80 ~ 50 ℃.
8, CO as claimed in claim 1
2Steam-solid particle refrigerating system is characterized in that, high pressure flow control valve (5), low pressure flow control valve (8) adopt needle-valve.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100302642A CN1321300C (en) | 2005-09-30 | 2005-09-30 | CO2 steam-solid particle refrigerating system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100302642A CN1321300C (en) | 2005-09-30 | 2005-09-30 | CO2 steam-solid particle refrigerating system |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1743760A true CN1743760A (en) | 2006-03-08 |
| CN1321300C CN1321300C (en) | 2007-06-13 |
Family
ID=36139236
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100302642A Expired - Fee Related CN1321300C (en) | 2005-09-30 | 2005-09-30 | CO2 steam-solid particle refrigerating system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1321300C (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103357192A (en) * | 2013-08-02 | 2013-10-23 | 北京大学 | Carbon dioxide solid sublimation device |
| CN107923669A (en) * | 2015-05-13 | 2018-04-17 | 耐尔氢气有限公司 | With refrigerant cooling fluid at three phase point |
| RU2659839C1 (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2018-07-04 | Артем Фролович Порутчиков | Low-temperature refrigeration machine on carbon dioxide |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES479676A1 (en) * | 1979-04-18 | 1980-01-01 | Liquid Carbonic De Espana S A | Low temperatures produced for refrigeration - where solidified carbon di:oxide is suspended in liq. and fed through evaporator-sublimator located in cold chamber |
| JP3197429B2 (en) * | 1994-04-14 | 2001-08-13 | 株式会社前川製作所 | Refrigeration equipment |
| CN1138109C (en) * | 2001-12-28 | 2004-02-11 | 西安交通大学 | Two-stage carbon dioxide low-temp. refrigerator |
-
2005
- 2005-09-30 CN CNB2005100302642A patent/CN1321300C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103357192A (en) * | 2013-08-02 | 2013-10-23 | 北京大学 | Carbon dioxide solid sublimation device |
| CN107923669A (en) * | 2015-05-13 | 2018-04-17 | 耐尔氢气有限公司 | With refrigerant cooling fluid at three phase point |
| CN107923669B (en) * | 2015-05-13 | 2021-05-28 | 耐尔氢气有限公司 | Cooling fluid with refrigerant at triple point |
| US11022347B2 (en) | 2015-05-13 | 2021-06-01 | Nel Hydrogen A/S | Cooling of a fluid with a refrigerant at triple point |
| RU2659839C1 (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2018-07-04 | Артем Фролович Порутчиков | Low-temperature refrigeration machine on carbon dioxide |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1321300C (en) | 2007-06-13 |
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Granted publication date: 20070613 Termination date: 20091030 |