CN102147162B - Rectifying type variation-concentration self-overlaying gas liquefaction system - Google Patents
Rectifying type variation-concentration self-overlaying gas liquefaction system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rectifying type variation-concentration self-overlaying gas liquefaction system which comprises a compressor, a condenser, a rectifying device and a feed gas liquefaction loop, wherein the feed gas liquefaction loop comprises a first heat exchanger group, a second heat exchanger group and a first throttle valve arranged between the first heat exchanger group and the second heat exchanger group; and two parallel arranged first variable concentration loop and second variable concentration loop are arranged between the rectifying device and an air suction hole of the compressor. The rectifying device is used for replacing a multistage separation process of the traditional mixed refrigerant gas liquefaction system, and different components of high-pressure liquids are led from the bottom and the top of the rectifying device and are respectively subjected to pressure reduction and then enter the two heat exchanger groups, water equivalent change of a feed gas cooling and liquefaction process is optimized and matched, and variable working condition regulating capacity of the liquefaction system is improved by adopting the variable concentration loops. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, operation reliability, high system liquefaction efficiency and the like, and is suitable for various small and minitype gas liquefaction systems with high performance requirements on variable working conditions.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the gas liquefaction system technical field, relate in particular to a kind of rectification type degree of thickening self-stacking gas liquefaction system.
Background technology
In extensive natural gas liquefaction engineering, the mix refrigerant self-stacking gas liquefaction system has substituted classical superposition type gas liquefaction system, is widely used.But; Because these traditional mixing refrigerant gas liquefaction systems have adopted 2～5 grades equilibrium separation fractional condensation process, the treatment situation of lubricating oil has obtained very big improvement, becomes complicated but the structure of circulation is corresponding; Running is to the adaptability variation of source of the gas and environment temperature, and is restive.Particularly concerning small-sized and minitype gas liquefying plant, equipment simply is very important decisive factor, and above-mentioned traditional liquefaction system can not adapt to the miniaturization and the microminiaturization of gas liquefaction system.
Application number is the rectification type mix refrigerant deep refrigerating device that the patent application document of CN02110664.9 proposes; The a plurality of gas-liquid separators that rectifier unit replaces repeatedly fractional condensation to circulate have been adopted; The oil that can realize repeatedly fractional condensation circulation separates effect, and has higher cycle efficieny.Yet above-mentioned refrigerating plant only can be applied to some to the less demanding cooling occasion of chilling temperature.
In addition, when the boiling point of unstripped gas hanged down, the required cryogenic temperature that liquefies correspondingly required lower, needed to adopt the higher polynary mix refrigerant of low boiling concentration.This will cause liquefaction system to begin temperature-fall period, and the pressure ratio of compressor and excessive discharge temperature reduce the life-span of compressor greatly even cause compressor can not start shooting because of pressure protect, cause whole refrigeration system paralysis, can not normally move, and cooling effectiveness is low.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of rectification type degree of thickening self-stacking gas liquefaction system; This liquefaction system is simple in structure, off design performance good, reliable and system's liquefaction efficiency height; Be specially adapted to not only to need to start fast, but also need liquefy, good prospects for application is arranged than the occasion of low-boiling point gas.
A kind of rectification type degree of thickening self-stacking gas liquefaction system comprises compressor, condenser, rectifier unit and unstripped gas liquefaction loop; Described compressor discharging opening links to each other with the condenser charging aperture; Charging aperture links to each other in the discharging opening of described condenser and the rectifier unit still; Described rectifier unit comprises rectifying column and the cat head heat exchanger that is communicated with rectifying column rectifying section top, and the discharging opening at cat head heat exchanger top links to each other with unstripped gas liquefaction loop, and unstripped gas passes described unstripped gas liquefaction loop and obtains final liquiefied product; Second heat exchanger package that described unstripped gas liquefaction loop comprises first heat exchanger package be made up of first heat exchanger, second heat exchanger, be made up of the 3rd heat exchanger and be located at first heat exchanger package and second heat exchanger package between the first throttle valve; Be provided with first degree of the thickening loop and second degree of the thickening loop of two parallelly connected settings between described rectifier unit and the compressor air suction mouth; First degree of the thickening loop is made up of the 3rd stop valve, fluid reservoir and the 4th stop valve of series connection setting successively, and second degree of the thickening loop is made up of first stop valve, first air accumulator and second stop valve of series connection setting successively;
Be equipped with a refrigerant tubing and unstripped gas liquefaction pipeline in described first heat exchanger and second heat exchanger, be equipped with some chargings that are communicated with inner chamber or discharging port on the outer wall; Be provided with a unstripped gas liquefaction pipeline in described the 3rd heat exchanger, outer wall is provided with some chargings that are communicated with inner chamber or discharging port; Be provided with cooling pipe in the described cat head heat exchanger;
The discharging opening at described cat head heat exchanger top links to each other with the charging aperture of first stop valve and the entrance point of the refrigerant tubing of first heat exchanger respectively through the branch road of two parallel connections; The port of export of the refrigerant tubing of described first heat exchanger links to each other with the entrance point of the refrigerant tubing of second heat exchanger; The charging aperture of described first throttle element links to each other with the port of export of the refrigerant tubing of second heat exchanger, and discharging opening is communicated with the charging port at the 3rd heat exchanger top; The discharging port of described the 3rd heat exchanger bottom is communicated with the charging port of second heat exchanger bottom, with realization pre-cooled to refrigerant tubing inner refrigerant and unstripped gas; The discharging port at the described second heat exchanger top is communicated with the entrance point of cooling pipe in the cat head heat exchanger; The port of export of the cooling pipe of described cat head heat exchanger is communicated with the air entry of compressor, realizes the circularly cooling of cold-producing medium;
Second discharging opening of described cat head heat exchanger bottom through three bypass line respectively with first heat exchanger, second heat exchanger and the 3rd heat exchanger outer wall on the charging port be communicated with, be respectively equipped with a restricting element on the described branch road;
Liquid outlet links to each other with four parallel branches respectively at the bottom of the described rectifying Tata, wherein three bypass line respectively with first heat exchanger, second heat exchanger and the 3rd heat exchanger outer wall on the charging port be communicated with, be respectively equipped with a restricting element on the described branch road; An other branch road links to each other with the charging aperture of the 3rd stop valve;
The discharging port at the described first heat exchanger top is communicated with the compressor air suction mouth, realizes the cold-producing medium circularly cooling in first heat exchanger cavity.
The present invention adopts the unstrpped gas that will liquefy to get into successively in three heat exchangers in unstripped gas liquefaction loop; The highly pressurised liquid of the heterogeneity that utilization is drawn from rectifier unit bottom and top; According to the feed gas composition characteristics; Feed after the throttling respectively in three heat exchangers in unstripped gas liquefaction loop, change, come to cool off piecemeal unstripped gas with the water equivalent in the optimization of matching unstripped gas cooling liquefaction process; Reduce the heat transfer temperature difference between the interior mix refrigerant of three different temperatures section heat exchangers and mix refrigerant and the liquefied gas, thereby reduce the unit liquefaction merit of gas liquefaction system.Simultaneously, the present invention adopts three degree of thickening loops, can obviously reduce compressor in pressure ratio, the delivery temperature of beginning temperature-fall period with improve the dynamic operational behaviour of refrigeration machine.
Described first heat exchanger package or second heat exchanger package can increase or reduce the wherein quantity of heat exchanger according to actual needs.For further strengthening the thorough cooling of unstripped gas; In the optimized technical scheme; The port of export of unstripped gas liquefaction pipeline is positioned at the top of the 3rd heat exchanger in described the 3rd heat exchanger; Entrance point is positioned at the bottom of the 3rd heat exchanger, this moment the 3rd heat exchanger in unstripped gas with through the reverse contact heat-exchanging of the cooled cold-producing medium of first throttle element throttling, improved heat exchanger effectiveness.
For guaranteeing the stability of whole liquefaction system, realize the comprehensive utilization of the energy simultaneously, in the optimized technical scheme, can on the fluid pipeline at the bottom of the described rectifying Tata, one or more devices for drying and filtering be set, to realize the dry of kettle base solution and to filter; Heat exchanger at the bottom of one or more stills also can be set simultaneously, be convenient to precooling treatment kettle base solution; When the number of device for drying and filtering of selecting and heat exchanger was one, liquid outlet linked to each other with heat exchanger at the bottom of device for drying and filtering and the still at first successively at the bottom of the described rectifying Tata, and then links to each other with described three bypass line; The charging aperture of described device for drying and filtering is communicated with liquid outlet at the bottom of the rectifying Tata; Discharging opening links to each other with the branch road of two parallel connections respectively; Wherein a branch road links to each other with the 3rd stop valve charging aperture; Another branch road links to each other with the entrance point of one of them pipeline in the heat exchanger at the bottom of the still, and the port of export of this pipeline links to each other with charging port on first heat exchanger, second heat exchanger and the 3rd heat exchanger outer wall through described three bypass line respectively; The described cat head heat exchanger cooling pipe port of export is communicated with the entrance point of another pipeline in the heat exchanger at the bottom of the still, and the port of export of this pipeline is communicated with the compressor air suction mouth, so that carry out pre-cooled to the higher boiling cold-producing medium at the bottom of the tower; The entrance point of two pipelines at the bottom of the described still in the heat exchanger is located at the both sides of heat exchanger at the bottom of the still respectively, is convenient to realize countercurrent flow; The setting of heat exchanger at the bottom of the still can utilize the cooling agent of discharging in the cat head heat exchanger cooling pipe that kettle base solution is carried out precooling.
For further being convenient to regulate the content of low boiling point refrigerant in the refrigerant loop, can on the pipeline between the port of export of the refrigerant tubing of the charging aperture of described first throttle element and second heat exchanger, be provided with a gas-liquid separator; Be provided with the 3rd degree of thickening loop between the air entry of described gas-liquid separator and compressor; Described the 3rd degree of thickening loop is made up of the 5th stop valve that is connected in series successively, second air accumulator and the 6th stop valve, and the charging aperture of the 5th stop valve is communicated with the gas section of gas-liquid separator inner chamber.
Heat exchanger, first heat exchanger, second heat exchanger or the 3rd heat exchanger can be selected conventional immersion, fountain, shell and tube, bushing type or plate type heat exchanger for use at the bottom of described condenser, the still.The pipeline that connects according to actual needs, selection is fit to the heat exchanger of model and structure.
Cold-producing medium in the described liquefaction system can be selected binary or the above mixed non-azeotropic refrigerant of binary for use.The common component of forming mixed non-azeotropic refrigerant mainly contains: the halide of nitrogen, inert gas, carbon hydro carbons, hydrocarbon, carbon dioxide etc.Described restricting element can be selected manual throttle valve common on the market, automatic throttle or capillary for use; Described rectifying column can be selected conventional packed tower or plate column for use.Described first stop valve, second stop valve, the 3rd stop valve, the 4th stop valve, the 5th stop valve or the 6th stop valve can select for use conventional hand stop valve, automatic stop valve or other can play the valve body by effect.In addition, described first stop valve, second stop valve, the 3rd stop valve, the 4th stop valve, the 5th stop valve or the 6th stop valve are two-way shut-off valve.
The present invention compared with prior art can realize following beneficial effect:
(1) structure of liquefaction system is greatly simplified, and is reliable good.Utilize rectifier unit to replace 2～5 grades of separation processes of conventional hybrid refrigerant gas liquefaction system; Make the structure of liquefaction system greatly simplify; Can the lubricating oil of the cold-producing medium that enters into low-pressure section be removed effectively simultaneously, guarantee the reliability service of liquefaction system.
(2) can improve the thermodynamic efficiency of liquefaction system.Different according to water equivalent characteristic distributions in the variety classes unstripped gas liquefaction process and flow; The flow of highly pressurised liquid mix refrigerant that can be through regulating two bursts of heterogeneities of drawing from rectifier unit bottom and top; And they are at the hybrid position of three heat exchangers of gas liquefaction system; Optimize the water equivalent proportioning between the interior mix refrigerant of heat exchanger and mix refrigerant and the liquefied gas; Can reduce the heat transfer temperature difference of three different temperatures section heat exchangers, thereby reduce the unit liquefaction merit of gas liquefaction system.
(3) can optimize the beginning temperature-fall period of liquefaction system, improve rate of temperature fall.Begin the increase of high boiling component ratio in the temperature-fall period mix refrigerant, can effectively reduce the start pressure of liquefaction system, improve this problem that stage compression machine pressure at expulsion is too high, pressure ratio is bigger than normal, improve the dynamic operational behaviour of liquefaction system.
(4) can optimize the cooling terminal stage, make liquefaction system reach lower cryogenic temperature and the thermodynamic efficiency that improves liquefaction system.The increase of low boiling component ratio in the cooling terminal stage mix refrigerant can improve the water equivalent coupling of high and low pressure side mix refrigerant in the heat exchanger, thereby can reduce the minimum temperature that system can reach, and improves the thermodynamic property of liquefaction system.
That (5) three degree of thickening loops have is simple in structure, regulating power is strong and easy to operate.The lowest refrigerating temperature of visual required realization is provided with single or two or three degree of thickening loops when liquefaction system designs; The lowest refrigerating temperature of visual required realization is launched single or two or three degree of thickening loops when liquefaction system moves.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is first kind of embodiment of rectification type degree of thickening self-stacking gas liquefaction system of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is second kind of embodiment of rectification type degree of thickening self-stacking gas liquefaction system of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the third embodiment of rectification type degree of thickening self-stacking gas liquefaction system of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the 4th kind of embodiment of rectification type degree of thickening self-stacking gas liquefaction system of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of rectification type degree of thickening self-stacking gas liquefaction system comprises normal concentration loop, first degree of the thickening loop, four parts in second degree of the thickening loop and unstripped gas liquefaction loop, is elaborated in the face of each loop down.
(1) normal concentration loop:
The normal concentration loop comprises compressor 1, condenser 2, rectifier unit 3, first heat exchanger 6, second heat exchanger 7, the 3rd heat exchanger 8, first throttle element 9, second restricting element 10, the 3rd restricting element 11, the 4th restricting element 12, the 5th restricting element 13, the 6th restricting element 14, the 7th restricting element 15.Rectifier unit 3 comprises rectifying column and the cat head heat exchanger that is communicated with rectifying column rectifying section top.Be equipped with a refrigerant tubing and unstripped gas liquefaction pipeline in first heat exchanger 6 and second heat exchanger 7, be equipped with some chargings that are communicated with inner chamber or discharging port on the outer wall.Be provided with a unstripped gas liquefaction pipeline in the 3rd heat exchanger 8, outer wall is provided with some chargings that are communicated with inner chamber or discharging port; Be provided with cooling pipe in the cat head heat exchanger.
The discharging opening 1b of compressor 1 links to each other with the charging aperture 2a of condenser 2, and charging aperture 3a links to each other in the discharging opening 2b of condenser 2 and the tower of the rectifying column of rectifier unit 3.Liquid outlet 3b links to each other with the branch road that four parallel connections are provided with respectively at the bottom of the rectifying Tata of rectifier unit 3; One of them branch road links to each other with the charging aperture 22a of the 3rd stop valve 22, and other three branch roads link to each other with the charging aperture 13a of the 5th restricting element 13, the charging aperture 14a of the 6th restricting element 14, the charging aperture 15a of the 7th restricting element 15 respectively.The discharging opening 3e at the cat head heat exchanger top of rectifier unit 3 links to each other with the branch road that the two-way parallel connection is provided with respectively, and one of them branch road links to each other with the charging aperture 20a of first stop valve 20, and another branch road links to each other with the entrance point 6a of the refrigerant tubing of first heat exchanger 6.The second discharging opening 3f of the cat head heat exchanger bottom of rectifier unit 3 links to each other with the charging aperture 10a of second restricting element 10, the charging aperture 11a of the 3rd restricting element 11 and the charging aperture 12a of the 4th restricting element 12 respectively.
The port of export 6b of the refrigerant tubing of first heat exchanger 6 links to each other with the entrance point 7a of the refrigerant tubing of second heat exchanger 7; The unstripped gas liquefaction pipe head 6c of first heat exchanger 6 is the inlet of raw materials treated gas, and the unstripped gas liquefaction pipe outlet 6d of first heat exchanger 6 links to each other with the unstripped gas liquefaction pipe head 7e of second heat exchanger 7; The bottom of first heat exchanger 6 is provided with two charging port 6f and 6g, and one of them charging port 6f links to each other with the discharging opening 10b of second restricting element 10, and another charging port 6g of first heat exchanger, 6 bottoms links to each other with the discharging opening 13b of the 5th restricting element 13; First heat exchanger, 6 tops are provided with a discharging port 6e, and discharging port 6e links to each other with the air entry 1a of compressor 1; Port of export 6b, the 6d of refrigerant tubing in first heat exchanger 6 and unstripped gas liquefaction pipeline all is positioned at a side of first heat exchanger 6, and entrance point 6a, 6c are positioned at the opposite side of first heat exchanger 6.
The port of export 7b of the refrigerant tubing of second heat exchanger 7 links to each other with the charging aperture 9a of first throttle element 9, and the discharging opening 9b of first throttle element 9 links to each other with the charging port 8c on the 3rd heat exchanger 8 tops; The port of export 7f of the unstripped gas liquefaction pipeline of second heat exchanger 7 links to each other with the entrance point 8a of the unstripped gas pipeline of the 3rd heat exchanger 8; Second heat exchanger, 7 one sides are provided with four port 7d, 7g, 7h and 7c; Wherein, discharging port 7d links to each other with the entrance point 3c of cooling pipe in the cat head heat exchanger, and the port of export 3d of cooling pipe links to each other with the air entry 1a of compressor 1 in the cat head heat exchanger; Charging port 7g links to each other with the discharging opening 14b of the 6th restricting element 14; Charging port 7h links to each other with the discharging opening 11b of the 3rd restricting element 11; Charging port 7c links to each other with the discharging port 8d of the 3rd heat exchanger 8 bottoms.The port of export 7b of refrigerant tubing in second heat exchanger 7 and unstripped gas liquefaction pipeline, the bottom that 7f all is positioned at second heat exchanger 7, entrance point 7a, 7e are positioned at the top of second heat exchanger 7.
The unstripped gas liquefied gas pipeline entrance point 8a of the 3rd heat exchanger 8 is positioned at the bottom of the 3rd heat exchanger 8, so that the inner reverse heat transfer of heat exchanger, port of export 8b is positioned at the top of the 3rd heat exchanger 8; The 3rd heat exchanger 8 one sides are provided with two charging port 8e and 8f, and wherein charging port 8e links to each other with the discharging opening of the 4th restricting element 12, and charging port 8f links to each other with the discharging opening of the 7th restricting element 15.
(2) first degree of thickening loops:
First degree of the thickening loop is made up of the 3rd stop valve 22, fluid reservoir 18 and the 4th stop valve 23 that series connection successively is provided with.Wherein, the charging aperture 22a of the 3rd stop valve 22 links to each other with liquid outlet 3b at the bottom of the tower of rectifier bottoms, and discharging opening 22b links to each other with the inlet of fluid reservoir 18.The charging aperture 23a of the 4th stop valve 23 links to each other with the liquid outlet of fluid reservoir 18, and discharging opening 23b links to each other with the air entry 1a of compressor 1.
(3) second degree of thickening loops:
Second degree of the thickening loop is made up of first stop valve 20, first air accumulator 17 and second stop valve 21 that series connection successively is provided with.Wherein, the charging aperture 20a of first stop valve 20 links to each other with the discharging opening 3e at cat head heat exchanger top, and discharging opening links to each other with the charging aperture 17a of first air accumulator 17; The charging aperture 21a of second stop valve 21 links to each other with the discharging opening 17b of first air accumulator 17, and discharging opening 21b links to each other with the air entry 1a of compressor 1.
(4) unstripped gas liquefaction loop:
First heat exchanger package, first throttle element 9 that unstripped gas liquefaction loop is made up of first heat exchanger 6, second heat exchanger 7 and second heat exchanger package of being made up of the 3rd heat exchanger 8 constitute.Product after unstripped gas obtains liquefying through the unstripped gas liquefaction pipelines in first heat exchanger 6, second heat exchanger 7, the 3rd heat exchanger 8 at last.
First throttle element 9 in the above-mentioned embodiment, second restricting element 10, the 3rd restricting element 11, the 4th restricting element 12, the 5th restricting element 13, the 6th restricting element 14 or the 7th restricting element 15 can be selected conventional manual throttle valve, automatic throttle or capillary for use, to play the effect of throttling cooling.
In the above-mentioned embodiment, first stop valve 20, the second stop valves, 21, the three stop valve 22, the four stop valves, 23, the five stop valves 24 or the 6th stop valve 25 are the automatic bidirectional stop valve.
Connection between above-mentioned said each parts adopts refrigerant line to connect cryogenic pipe outerwrap thermal-insulating waterproof material.
The used cold-producing medium of liquefaction system is binary or the above mixed non-azeotropic refrigerant of binary.The common component of forming mixed non-azeotropic refrigerant mainly contains: the halide of nitrogen, inert gas, carbon hydro carbons, hydrocarbon, carbon dioxide etc.
For ease of understanding, we can be divided into refrigerant loop and liquefied gas loop with above-mentioned rectification type self-stacking gas liquefaction system, below are detailed workflows:
In the refrigerant loop, confirm at first before the start that first stop valve 20, second stop valve 21, the 3rd stop valve 22, the 4th stop valve 23 all are in closed condition.Mix refrigerant is cooled to the high-pressure fluid of gas-liquid two-phase through condenser 2 after compressor 1 pressurization, then flow in the still of rectifier unit 3.The gaseous state mix refrigerant through the rectifying section of rectifier unit 3, carries out heat, matter exchange with the defluent phegma in rectifier unit 3 tops from bottom to top.High boiling component and lubricating oil and a small amount of low boiling component are condensed a part that becomes phegma; Most of low boiling component be main gaseous state mix refrigerant through rectifier unit 3 heat exchange of top part devices, flow out from the discharging opening 3e at the cat head heat exchanger top of rectifier unit 3.Successively through first heat exchanger 6 and second heat exchanger 7; Then get into first throttle element 9 throttlings cooling; Get into the cold-producing medium in the 3rd heat exchanger 8 subsequently, backflow successively then, return compressor 1 air entry through second heat exchanger 7 and rectifier unit 3 heat exchange of top part device re-heats.
With middle boiling point component is second discharging opening 3f direct entering second restricting element 10 or three restricting element 11 or four restricting element 12 of master's liquid mix refrigerant from the cat head heat exchanger bottom of rectifier unit 3.Through regulating the aperture of second restricting element 10, the 3rd restricting element 11 and the 4th restricting element 12; Can to realize middle boiling point component be main mix refrigerant gets into first heat exchanger 6, second heat exchanger 7 and the 3rd heat exchanger 8 with any suitable ratio, to satisfy the water equivalent coupling requirement of these three heat exchangers.
The liquid outlet 3b that is main liquid mix refrigerant with the high boiling component at the bottom of the tower of rectifier unit 3 flows out that heat exchanger 5 gets into the 5th restricting element 13 or the 6th restricting element 14 or the 7th restricting elements 15 at the bottom of still.Through regulating the aperture of the 5th restricting element 13 or the 6th restricting element 14 or the 7th restricting element 15; Can to realize high boiling component be main mix refrigerant gets into first heat exchanger 6, second heat exchanger 7 and the 3rd heat exchanger 8 with any suitable ratio, to satisfy the water equivalent coupling requirement of these three heat exchangers.
Continuity along with the time; The cryogenic temperature of liquefaction system constantly descends, and long enough is after the time, under the constant condition of environment temperature and raw gas heat load; Liquefaction system reaches steady operational status, and cryogenic temperature has been issued to lowest limit in the normal concentration of mix refrigerant.At this moment, launching first degree of the thickening loop and second degree of the thickening loop respectively can realize lower cryogenic temperature or obtain bigger liquefaction amount.
Launch first degree of the thickening loop: open the 3rd stop valve 22; To be rich in the high boiling component mix refrigerant is stored in the fluid reservoir 18; Close the 3rd stop valve 22 after a period of time; The high boiling component mix refrigerant that is rich in of participating in circulation in the liquefaction system is reduced, therefore correspondingly improved low boiling component total concentration in the mix refrigerant that flows through compressor, can realize lower cryogenic temperature or bigger liquefaction amount than the normal concentration refrigeration.
Launch second degree of the thickening loop: open second stop valve 21; The mix refrigerant that is rich in low boiling component is emitted from first air accumulator 17; Close second stop valve 21 after a period of time; The mix refrigerant that is rich in low boiling component of participating in circulation in the liquefaction system is increased, therefore correspondingly improved low boiling component total concentration in the mix refrigerant that flows through compressor, can and launch first degree of thickening loop refrigeration and realize lower cryogenic temperature or bigger liquefaction amount than the normal concentration refrigeration.
Through behind enough long-plays, under the constant condition of environment temperature and thermic load, liquefaction system reaches steady operational status, and cryogenic temperature is changing the liquefaction amount that the hybrid refrigeration agent concentration has been issued to lowest limit or maximum.Before the shutdown, stop using successively second degree of the thickening loop and first degree of the thickening loop, low boiling component concentration in the mix refrigerant in the time of can progressively reducing to shut down.
Inactive second degree of the thickening loop: open first stop valve 20, the mix refrigerant that is rich in low boiling component is stored in first air accumulator 17, close first stop valve 20 after a period of time.At this moment, the low boiling component total concentration that flows through the mix refrigerant of compressor continues to reduce.
Inactive first degree of the thickening loop: open the 4th stop valve 23, the mix refrigerant that is rich in high boiling component is emitted from second fluid reservoir 18, close the 4th stop valve 23 after a period of time.At this moment, the low boiling component total concentration that flows through the mix refrigerant of compressor continues to reduce.
Behind two degree of the thickening loops of stopping using, can shut down, these two degree of thickening loops can continue singlely to launch or launch simultaneously in twos in next start circulation.
In the liquefied gas loop; Unstripped gas after purified treatment gets into liquefaction system from the unstripped gas liquefaction pipe head 6c of first heat exchanger 6; Successively through the liquefaction that is cooled of first heat exchanger 6, second heat exchanger 7 and the 3rd heat exchanger 8, liquiefied product is sent to the liquid gas stocking system from the unstripped gas liquefaction pipe outlet 8b of the 3rd heat exchanger 8 at last and preserves.
As shown in Figure 2, identical with example structure and connected mode, difference is: heat exchanger 5 at the bottom of being provided with device for drying and filtering 4 and still between rectifier bottoms and the 5th restricting element 13 or the 6th restricting element 14 or the 7th restricting element 15.Wherein, Liquid outlet 3b links to each other with the charging aperture 4a of device for drying and filtering 4 earlier at the bottom of the rectifying Tata of rectifier unit 3; The discharging opening 4b of device for drying and filtering 4 links to each other with the branch road that two parallel connections are provided with respectively; One of them branch road links to each other with the charging aperture 22a of the 3rd stop valve 22, and another branch road links to each other with the entrance point 5a of one of them pipeline in the heat exchanger at the bottom of the tower 5, and the port of export 5b of this pipeline links to each other with the charging aperture of described the 5th restricting element 13 or the 6th restricting element 14 or the 7th restricting element 15 respectively; The entrance point 5c of heat exchanger 5 interior another pipelines links to each other at the bottom of the still, and the port of export 5d of this pipeline is communicated with compressor 1 air entry 1a; Entrance point 5a, the 5c of two pipelines at the bottom of the still in the heat exchanger 5 is located at the both sides of heat exchanger 5 at the bottom of the still respectively, guarantees material reverse flow in two pipelines, the raising cooling effectiveness.
First degree of the thickening loop and second degree of the thickening loop launch with de-activation procedure with embodiment 1.
As shown in Figure 3, identical with embodiment 1 structure and connected mode, difference is: on the pipeline between the port of export of the refrigerant tubing of the charging aperture of first throttle element 9 and second heat exchanger 7, be provided with a gas-liquid separator 16; Be provided with the 3rd degree of thickening loop between the air entry of gas-liquid separator 16 and compressor 1; The 3rd degree of thickening loop is made up of the 5th stop valve 24, second air accumulator 19 and the 6th stop valve 25 that are connected in series successively; Wherein, the charging aperture of the 5th stop valve 24 is communicated with the gas section of gas-liquid separator 16 inner chambers, and discharging opening 24b links to each other with second air accumulator, 19 charging apertures; The charging aperture 25a of the 6th stop valve 25 links to each other with second air accumulator, 19 discharging openings, and discharging opening 25b links to each other with the air entry 1a of compressor 1.
With embodiment 1; When needing to realize lower cryogenic temperature or obtaining bigger liquefaction amount, can launch first degree of the thickening loop and second degree of the thickening loop and the 3rd degree of thickening loop as required respectively or successively and can realize lower cryogenic temperature or obtain bigger liquefaction amount.
The process of launching first degree of the thickening loop and second degree of the thickening loop is with embodiment 1.
Launch the 3rd degree of thickening loop: open the 6th stop valve 25; The mix refrigerant that the low boiling component proportion is higher is emitted from the 3rd air accumulator 19; Close the 6th stop valve 25 after a period of time; Therefore correspondingly improved the low boiling component total concentration in the mix refrigerant that flows through compressor, can freeze, launch first degree of thickening loop refrigeration than normal concentration and launch lower cryogenic temperature of second degree of thickening loop refrigeration realization or bigger liquefaction amount.
Through behind enough long-plays, under the constant condition of environment temperature and thermic load, liquefaction system reaches steady operational status, and cryogenic temperature is changing the liquefaction amount that the hybrid refrigeration agent concentration has been issued to lowest limit or maximum.Before the shutdown, stop using successively the 3rd degree of thickening loop, second degree of the thickening loop and first degree of the thickening loop, low boiling component concentration in the mix refrigerant in the time of can progressively reducing to shut down.
Inactive the 3rd degree of thickening loop: open the 5th stop valve 24, the mix refrigerant that amount of components having low boiling points is maximum is stored into the 3rd air accumulator 19, closes the 5th stop valve 24 after a period of time.At this moment, the low boiling component total concentration that flows through the mix refrigerant of compressor reduces.
Inactive second degree of the thickening loop, process is with embodiment 1.
Inactive first degree of the thickening loop, process is with embodiment 1.
As shown in Figure 4, identical with embodiment 2 structures and connected mode, difference is: on the pipeline between the port of export of the refrigerant tubing of the charging aperture of first throttle element 9 and second heat exchanger 7, be provided with a gas-liquid separator 16; Be provided with the 3rd degree of thickening loop between the air entry of gas-liquid separator 16 and compressor 1; The 3rd degree of thickening loop is made up of the 5th stop valve 24, second air accumulator 19 and the 6th stop valve 25 that are connected in series successively; Wherein, the charging aperture of the 5th stop valve 24 is communicated with the gas section of gas-liquid separator 16 inner chambers, and discharging opening 24b links to each other with second air accumulator, 19 charging apertures; The charging aperture 25a of the 6th stop valve 25 links to each other with second air accumulator, 19 discharging openings, and discharging opening 25b links to each other with the air entry 1a of compressor 1.
Launching and de-activation procedure of first degree of the thickening loop, second degree of the thickening loop and the 3rd degree of thickening loop is with embodiment 3.
In the foregoing description, according to actual needs, can adjust the number of heat exchanger in first heat exchanger package and second heat exchanger package.
Claims (10)
1. rectification type degree of a thickening self-stacking gas liquefaction system comprises compressor (1), condenser (2), rectifier unit (3) and unstripped gas liquefaction loop; Described compressor (1) discharging opening links to each other with condenser (2) charging aperture; Charging aperture links to each other in the discharging opening of described condenser (2) and rectifier unit (3) still; Described rectifier unit (3) comprises rectifying column and the cat head heat exchanger that is communicated with rectifying column rectifying section top; The discharging opening at cat head heat exchanger top links to each other with unstripped gas liquefaction loop; Unstripped gas passes described unstripped gas liquefaction loop and obtains final liquiefied product; It is characterized in that, second heat exchanger package that described unstripped gas liquefaction loop comprises first heat exchanger package be made up of first heat exchanger (6), second heat exchanger (7), be made up of the 3rd heat exchanger (8) and be located at first heat exchanger package and second heat exchanger package between first throttle element (9); Be provided with first degree of the thickening loop and second degree of the thickening loop of two parallelly connected settings between described rectifier unit (3) and compressor (1) air entry; First degree of the thickening loop is made up of the 3rd stop valve (22), fluid reservoir (18) and the 4th stop valve (23) of series connection setting successively, and second degree of the thickening loop is made up of first stop valve (20), first air accumulator (17) and second stop valve (21) of series connection setting successively;
Be equipped with a refrigerant tubing and unstripped gas liquefaction pipeline in described first heat exchanger (6) and second heat exchanger (7), be equipped with some chargings that are communicated with inner chamber or discharging port on the outer wall; Be provided with a unstripped gas liquefaction pipeline in described the 3rd heat exchanger (8), outer wall is provided with some chargings that are communicated with inner chamber or discharging port; Be provided with cooling pipe in the described cat head heat exchanger;
The discharging opening at described cat head heat exchanger top links to each other with the charging aperture of first stop valve (20) and the entrance point of the refrigerant tubing of first heat exchanger (6) respectively through the branch road of two parallel connections; The port of export of the refrigerant tubing of described first heat exchanger (6) links to each other with the entrance point of the refrigerant tubing of second heat exchanger (7); The charging aperture of described first throttle element (9) links to each other with the port of export of the refrigerant tubing of second heat exchanger (7), and discharging opening is communicated with the charging port at the 3rd heat exchanger (8) top; The discharging port of described the 3rd heat exchanger (8) bottom is communicated with the charging port of second heat exchanger (7) bottom; The discharging port at described second heat exchanger (7) top is communicated with the entrance point of cooling pipe in the cat head heat exchanger; The port of export of the cooling pipe of described cat head heat exchanger is communicated with the air entry of compressor (1);
Second discharging opening of described cat head heat exchanger bottom through three bypass line respectively with first heat exchanger (6), second heat exchanger (7) and the 3rd heat exchanger (8) outer wall on the charging port be communicated with, be respectively equipped with a restricting element on the described branch road;
Liquid outlet links to each other with four parallel branches respectively at the bottom of the described rectifying Tata; Wherein three bypass line respectively with first heat exchanger (6), second heat exchanger (7) and the 3rd heat exchanger (8) outer wall on the charging port be communicated with, be respectively equipped with a restricting element on the described branch road; An other branch road links to each other with the charging aperture of the 3rd stop valve (22);
The discharging port at described first heat exchanger (6) top is communicated with compressor (1) air entry.
2. rectification type degree of thickening self-stacking gas liquefaction system according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; The port of export of the interior unstripped gas liquefaction of described the 3rd heat exchanger (8) pipeline is positioned at the top of the 3rd heat exchanger (8), and entrance point is positioned at the bottom of the 3rd heat exchanger (8).
3. rectification type degree of thickening self-stacking gas liquefaction system according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; Liquid outlet links to each other with heat exchanger (5) at the bottom of device for drying and filtering (4) and the still at first successively at the bottom of the described rectifying Tata, and then links to each other with described three bypass line; The charging aperture of described device for drying and filtering (4) is communicated with liquid outlet at the bottom of the rectifying Tata; Discharging opening links to each other with the branch road of two parallel connections respectively; Wherein a branch road links to each other with the 3rd stop valve (22) charging aperture; The entrance point of one of them pipeline links to each other in another branch road and the heat exchanger at the bottom of the still (5), and the port of export of this pipeline links to each other with charging port on first heat exchanger (6), second heat exchanger (7) and the 3rd heat exchanger (8) outer wall through described three bypass line respectively; The described cat head heat exchanger cooling pipe port of export is communicated with the entrance point of another pipeline in the heat exchanger at the bottom of the still (5), and the port of export of this pipeline is communicated with compressor (1) air entry; The entrance point of two pipelines in the heat exchanger at the bottom of the described still (5) is located at the both sides of heat exchanger (5) at the bottom of the still respectively.
4. according to the described rectification type of the arbitrary claim of claim 1～3 degree of thickening self-stacking gas liquefaction system; It is characterized in that the pipeline between the port of export of the refrigerant tubing of the charging aperture of described first throttle element (9) and second heat exchanger (7) is provided with a gas-liquid separator (16); Be provided with the 3rd degree of thickening loop between the air entry of described gas-liquid separator (16) and compressor (1); Described the 3rd degree of thickening loop is made up of the 5th stop valve (24) that is connected in series successively, second air accumulator (19) and the 6th stop valve (25), and the charging aperture of the 5th stop valve (24) is communicated with the gas section of gas-liquid separator (16) inner chamber.
5. rectification type degree of thickening self-stacking gas liquefaction system according to claim 4; It is characterized in that heat exchanger (5), first heat exchanger (6), second heat exchanger (7) or the 3rd heat exchanger (8) are immersion, fountain, shell and tube, bushing type or plate type heat exchanger at the bottom of described condenser (2), the still.
6. rectification type degree of thickening self-stacking gas liquefaction system according to claim 4 is characterized in that, the cold-producing medium in the described liquefaction system is binary or the above mixed non-azeotropic refrigerant of binary.
7. rectification type degree of thickening self-stacking gas liquefaction system according to claim 4 is characterized in that described restricting element is manual throttle valve, automatic throttle or capillary.
8. rectification type degree of thickening self-stacking gas liquefaction system according to claim 4 is characterized in that described rectifying column is stuffing rectification column or plate distillation column.
9. rectification type degree of thickening self-stacking gas liquefaction system according to claim 4 is characterized in that described first stop valve (20), second stop valve (21), the 3rd stop valve (22), the 4th stop valve (23), the 5th stop valve (24) or the 6th stop valve (25) are hand stop valve or automatic stop valve.
10. rectification type degree of thickening self-stacking gas liquefaction system according to claim 4 is characterized in that described first stop valve (20), second stop valve (21), the 3rd stop valve (22), the 4th stop valve (23), the 5th stop valve (24) or the 6th stop valve (25) are two-way shut-off valve.
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| CN104879952B (en) * | 2015-05-20 | 2017-04-19 | 清华大学 | Rectifying tower type variable concentration non-azeotropic working medium hot pump system and running method |
| CN104879951B (en) * | 2015-05-20 | 2017-04-19 | 清华大学 | Non-azeotropic working medium hot pump system with adjustable concentration and running method thereof |
| CN106924988B (en) * | 2017-01-25 | 2019-03-05 | 浙江大学 | A kind of rectification type Auto-cascade cycle low-temperature condensing vapour separation system with cold recovery |
| CN106823440B (en) * | 2017-01-25 | 2019-01-11 | 浙江大学 | A kind of oil and gas separating system of rectification type Auto-cascade cycle cryogenic condensation |
| CN108413638B (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2019-09-06 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | A kind of auto-cascading refrigeration system with Two-stage Compression |
| CN115468327B (en) * | 2022-09-20 | 2023-09-15 | 河南科技大学 | Self-cascade refrigeration system with grading and dephlegmator |
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