Background technology
Along with the extensive use of Refrigeration Technique, the energy of refrigerating plant consumption is also increasing sharply.The output of China's Urban House room air conditioner, central air-conditioning is still increasing year by year, and its growth rate even higher than the growth rate of China GDP, thus causes electric load constantly to increase.Current energy shortage has become an outstanding problem of restriction China economic development, to consume the strategic requirement that economic growth that the energy is cost and technical development are all unfavorable for sustainable development, therefore the energy-conservation extensive concern caused in the industry of refrigerating plant, the self adaptation varying capacity refrigeration system as refrigerated air-conditioning system power-saving technology is just arisen at the historic moment.
Self adaptation varying capacity refrigeration system refers to and according to the change of refrigeration air-conditioner load, can regulate by certain Rule adjusting to compressor and throttling arrangement, and the refrigerating capacity of refrigeration system and the load of change are adapted.Self adaptation varying capacity refrigeration system conventional at present, according to transfiguration principle primarily of compressor variable frequency speed governing transfiguration, multi-machine parallel connection compressor bank and liquid refrigerant storage method.
Compressor variable frequency speed governing variable volume system is by changing the frequency of driving power, can regulate the rotating speed of refrigeration compressor as required in a big way in, thus make the refrigerating capacity of refrigeration system on a large scale in change and realize transfiguration.The shortcoming of this refrigeration system is frequency-changeable compressor (in general compressor frequency should not lower than 20Hz longtime running) heat radiation difficulty and oily dyshaemia at low frequency, compressor operating less stable, and the continuous adjustment cost of multimachine during High cooling power demand is higher.
Multi-machine parallel connection compressor unit system is applied to the larger refrigerating plant of load (as large supermarket uses), this refrigeration system adopts the method regulating and run number of units, namely adapts to the change of load according to the real-time adjust operation number of units of load variations by multi-machine parallel connection compressor bank.The shortcoming of this refrigeration system is that governing response speed is comparatively slow and multi-machine parallel connection easily produces temperature jump sudden change when machine is opened frequently surely, and degree of regulation is poor.
Liquid refrigerant storage system is mainly applicable to load variations time shorter (as about one minute), refrigeration system that variable quantity is very little, and advantage is that structure is simple, and controlling is good.But that the shortcoming of this refrigeration system is adjustable range is narrow, adaptability is poor.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of self adaptation varying capacity refrigeration system, this refrigeration system not only adjustable range is wide, generally can in the cooling load of 100% to 0% step-less adjustment, temperature-controlled precision is high, and during compressor operating, stability is high, long service life.
For achieving the above object, present invention employs following technical scheme: a kind of self adaptation varying capacity refrigeration system, this refrigeration system comprises compressor, condenser and evaporimeter,
The gases at high pressure of discharging from compressor outlet enter the first high-pressure gas pipeline and the second high-pressure gas pipeline respectively;
The outlet of described first high-pressure gas pipeline is connected with the import of described condenser, the highly pressurised liquid that condenser outlet is discharged is connected with the import of electric expansion valve by high-pressure liquid line, the low pressure liquid of discharging from electronic expansion valve outlet port is connected with the import of described evaporimeter by low pressure liquid pipeline, the low-pressure gas that flash-pot outlet is discharged is connected with described second high-pressure gas pipeline through low-pressure gas pipeline, described low-pressure gas pipeline is provided with evaporating pressure regulating valve, be connected through the import of return line with described compressor after low-pressure gas in low-pressure gas pipeline mixes with the gases at high pressure in the second high-pressure gas pipeline,
Described second high-pressure gas pipeline is provided with the first hot-gas bypass control valve, the pressure pipeline of described first hot-gas bypass control valve is connected with return line;
Described electric expansion valve is all connected by the signal of telecommunication with central controller with evaporating pressure regulating valve.
This self adaptation varying capacity refrigeration system can also be able to further realization in the following manner:
Preferably, described high-pressure liquid line is provided with Liquid refrigerant by-pass pipeline, described Liquid refrigerant by-pass pipeline is provided with air-breathing cooling heating power expansion valve; Described air-breathing cooling heating power expansion valve and the first hot-gas bypass control valve share pressure pipeline, and the temperature-sensitive bag of air-breathing cooling heating power expansion valve is arranged in return line;
Converge pipeline with gas-liquid and be connected after the described Liquid refrigerant by-pass pipeline being positioned at air-breathing cooling heating power expansion valve outlet side is crossing with the second high-pressure gas pipeline being positioned at the first hot-gas bypass control valve outlet side, described gas-liquid converge pipeline crossing with low-pressure gas pipeline after be connected with return line.
Further, described low pressure liquid pipeline is provided with knockout; Described second high-pressure gas pipeline is provided with the gas bypass pipeline leading to knockout, described gas bypass pipeline is provided with the second hot-gas bypass control valve; The described pressure pipeline of the second hot-gas bypass control valve is connected with the low-pressure gas pipeline of evaporating pressure regulating valve outlet side.
Preferably, described gas-liquid convergence tube route is converged pipeline along the level that gas flow direction is connected successively and is vertically converged pipeline formation; The described Liquid refrigerant by-pass pipeline being positioned at air-breathing cooling heating power expansion valve outlet side and both the second high-pressure gas pipelines being positioned at the first hot-gas bypass control valve outlet side converge pipeline with described level and are all in same level, and with described level converge pipeline crossing before Liquid refrigerant by-pass pipeline and the second high-pressure gas pipeline arrange in opposite directions; The length that described level converges pipeline is at least 30 times that level converges pipeline pipe interior diameter; Be connected with return line again after described vertical convergence tube road direction downward-extension is crossing with low-pressure gas pipeline.
Preferably, described return line is provided with oil return bend, described vertically converge pipeline crossing with low-pressure gas pipeline after be connected with the inlet side of oil return bend; The pressure pipeline of described first hot-gas bypass control valve is connected with the return line of oil return bend outlet side; The temperature-sensitive bag of described air-breathing cooling heating power expansion valve is arranged in the return line of oil return bend outlet side.
Preferably, the return line of described oil return bend outlet side is also provided with temperature sensor and pressure sensor, and described temperature sensor is all connected by the signal of telecommunication with central controller with pressure sensor.
Preferably, first the gases at high pressure that described compressor outlet is discharged enter oil eliminator, and the gases at high pressure after oil eliminator process enter the first high-pressure gas pipeline and the second high-pressure gas pipeline respectively; Described oil eliminator is connected with compressor by oil returning tube.
Preferably, the return line be connected with compressor inlet side is provided with gas-liquid separator.
Preferably, be also provided with the high-low pressure central controller be connected with compressor outlet lateral line with compressor inlet lateral line respectively in this refrigeration system, described dual-pressure controller is connected by the signal of telecommunication with central controller.
Operation principle of the present invention and compared with prior art had beneficial effect as follows:
1), the gases at high pressure that compressor extrudes are split into two parts by the present invention, part gases at high pressure enter after condenser condenses again through the throttling of electric expansion valve liquid phase through the first high-pressure gas pipeline, then enter evaporator evaporation refrigeration and become low-pressure gas, another part gases at high pressure are mixed to compressor air suction state through the second high-pressure gas pipeline and described low-pressure gas.
Specifically, this self adaptation varying capacity refrigeration system have employed electric expansion valve, namely also the central controller of this refrigeration system controls for the liquid refrigerant freezed by the aperture controlling electric expansion valve flow, and then regulate the size of refrigerating capacity, when system needs cold to increase, the refrigerant flow that electronic expansion valve opening increases → enter evaporator refrigeration increases → increases for the hot gas minimizing → refrigerating capacity in the second high-pressure gas pipeline of hot-gas bypass.
The maximum heating load that this self adaptation varying capacity refrigeration system is possible according to environment for use mates the compressor horsepower of refrigeration system, thus achieve the electrodeless adjustable of 0% ~ 100% in cooling load preferably, can meet need cold junction without interrupted semen donors, and achieve higher control accuracy.Compressor in this refrigeration system can be set to one, also can be set to the multiple stage be connected in parallel to each other, thus regulates the scope of application wider.
2), the present invention is also provided with the Liquid refrigerant by-pass pipeline for air-breathing cooling in high-pressure liquid line, after Liquid refrigerant by-pass pipeline is set, the highly pressurised liquid obtained after condenser condenses is divided into two parts, part highly pressurised liquid is through the throttling of electric expansion valve liquid phase, then enter evaporator evaporation refrigeration and become low-pressure gas, the hot gas of another part highly pressurised liquid then in Liquid refrigerant by-pass pipeline and the second high-pressure gas pipeline converges, and the fluid-mixing after converging is mixed to compressor air suction state with described low-pressure gas again.
Specifically, when system needs cold many, the refrigerant flow that electronic expansion valve opening increases → enter evaporator refrigeration increases → reduces for the hot gas in the second high-pressure gas pipeline of hot-gas bypass, increases for the refrigerant liquid minimizing → refrigerating capacity in the Liquid refrigerant by-pass pipeline of air-breathing cooling.
3), the present invention is also provided with the gas bypass pipeline leading to knockout on the second high-pressure gas pipeline, the bypass hot gas be connected with knockout and coil pipe knockout connector by gas bypass pipeline well can be improved the Stress control under low-temperature condition in evaporator evaporation coil pipe and oil return and defrosting, particularly, environment in evaporation coil can keep low-pressure state at low temperatures, can become sticky with the refrigerator oil that cold-producing medium mixes mutually and not easily flowing now in evaporation coil, thus have impact on the refrigeration of evaporimeter, the hot gas sprayed by gas bypass pipeline significantly can improve the flow regime of the fluid-mixing of cold-producing medium and refrigerator oil composition, make the good duty of maintenance that refrigeration system can be continual and steady.
4), comprehensively above-mentioned, the present invention controls to regulate refrigerating capacity for the fluid flow freezed by the aperture of electric expansion valve, and the pressure of inspiration(Pi) and suction temperature by the hot gas in the highly pressurised liquid in Liquid refrigerant by-pass pipeline, the second high-pressure gas pipeline, effectively the converging before return line of the low-pressure gas in low-pressure gas pipeline controlling compressor, then control the back pressure at evaporator outlet place by the aperture of the bypass hot gas in gas bypass pipeline and evaporating pressure regulating valve, electric expansion valve.
This refrigeration system is in actual motion, when insulated room regulates between-15 DEG C ~ 45 DEG C, system maintains between 2.3 ~ 3.0barg substantially in the low-pressure lateral pressure value of compressor inlet, and the high side pressure value at compressor outlet place is substantially between 14 ~ 16barg, the stable compressor that contributes to of this high-low pressure runs within the scope of comfortable pressure ratio, thus improve the stability of compressor operating, extend the service life of compressor.The temperature spot-15 DEG C of insulated room inherence sampling,-5 DEG C, 10 DEG C, 27 DEG C, 35 DEG C, the stable deviation of 45 DEG C is all within 0.1, and the response time that adjacent temperature spot jumps is within 30 minutes, well adapted to volume change, the realization of this stabilization function mainly relies on that the opening pressure of the first hot-gas bypass control valve, the second hot-gas bypass control valve is arranged, the related pressure of evaporating pressure regulating valve is arranged and the aperture logic control of electric expansion valve realizes.
5) the temperature-sensitive bag of the air-breathing cooling heating power expansion valve, in this refrigeration system can make the compressor air suction degree of superheat maintain 15 DEG C ~ 20 DEG C all the time, thus the long playing stability of this refrigeration system is improved greatly; In addition, effectively control the aperture of electric expansion valve by compressor coil pipe outlet pressure and temperature feedback point in conjunction with central controller and the PLC logical calculated degree of superheat and make system all the time a good running status.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1,2,3 is all structural representations of the present invention.
The implication marked in figure is as follows:
1-compressor, 2-oil eliminator, 3-condenser, 4-electric expansion valve
5-knockout, 6-evaporimeter, 7-evaporating pressure regulating valve, 8-oil return bend
9-gas-liquid separator, 10-dual-pressure controller, 11-magnetic valve
12-the first hot-gas bypass control valve 13-air-breathing cooling electric magnet valve
14-air-breathing cooling heating power expansion valve 15-the second hot-gas bypass control valve
16-temperature-sensitive bag, 17-temperature sensor, 18-pressure sensor
A1-the first high-pressure gas pipeline A2-the first high-pressure gas pipeline
B1-high-pressure liquid line B2-Liquid refrigerant by-pass pipeline
C-low pressure liquid pipeline D-low-pressure gas pipeline E-return line
The pressure pipeline of F1-the first hot-gas bypass control valve
The pressure pipeline of F2-the second hot-gas bypass control valve
G1-level converges pipeline G2-vertically converge pipeline H-gas bypass pipeline
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1 ~ 3, three embodiments of the present invention are specifically described.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of self adaptation varying capacity refrigeration system, this refrigeration system comprises compressor 1, condenser 3 and evaporimeter 6, export the gases at high pressure of discharging from compressor 1 and first enter oil eliminator 2, the gases at high pressure after oil eliminator 2 processes enter the first high-pressure gas pipeline A1 and the second high-pressure gas pipeline A2 respectively; Described oil eliminator 2 is connected with compressor 1 by oil returning tube.
The outlet of described first high-pressure gas pipeline A1 is connected with the described condenser 3 i.e. import of water-cooled condenser, condenser 3 is exported the highly pressurised liquid of discharging and is connected with the import of electric expansion valve 4 by high-pressure liquid line B1, export the low pressure liquid of discharging from electric expansion valve 4 to be connected with the import of described evaporimeter 6 by the knockout 5 on low pressure liquid pipeline C, flash-pot 6 exports the low-pressure gas of discharging and is connected with described second high-pressure gas pipeline A2 through low-pressure gas pipeline D, described low-pressure gas pipeline D is provided with evaporating pressure regulating valve 7, described electric expansion valve 4 is all connected by the signal of telecommunication with central controller with evaporating pressure regulating valve 7.
Low-pressure gas in low-pressure gas pipeline D enters the oil return bend 8 on return line E after mixing with the gases at high pressure in the second high-pressure gas pipeline A2, the return line E of oil return bend 8 outlet side is also provided with temperature sensor 17 and pressure sensor 18, described temperature sensor 17 is all connected by the signal of telecommunication with central controller with pressure sensor 18.Mist enters gas-liquid separator 9 along return line E, and the mist after gas-liquid separator 9 processes reenters compressor 1 immediately.
Described second high-pressure gas pipeline A2 is provided with the magnetic valve 11 and the first hot-gas bypass control valve 12 of connecting successively along gas flow direction, the pressure pipeline F1 of described first hot-gas bypass control valve 12 is connected with the return line E of oil return bend 8 outlet side.
Also be provided with the high-low pressure central controller 10 be connected with compressor 1 outlet-side conduit with compressor 1 inlet side pipeline respectively in this refrigeration system, described dual-pressure controller 10 is connected by the signal of telecommunication with central controller.
Certainly, as a complete refrigeration system, each pipeline is also provided with the pipe line parts of such as filter, ball valve, magnetic valve, hand valve and liquid-sighting glass and so on, these pipe line parts can be arranged with reference to prior art and actual needs, and the present invention repeats no longer one by one.
Embodiment 2
Embodiment 2 adds the Liquid refrigerant by-pass pipeline B2 for air-breathing cooling on the basis of embodiment 1 pipeline structure, the inlet side of described Liquid refrigerant by-pass pipeline B2 is connected with high-pressure liquid line B1, and the outlet side of Liquid refrigerant by-pass pipeline B2 is connected with the second high-pressure gas pipeline A2; Described Liquid refrigerant by-pass pipeline B2 is provided with the air-breathing cooling electric magnet valve 13 and air-breathing cooling heating power expansion valve 14 of connecting successively along liquid flow direction; Described air-breathing cooling heating power expansion valve 14 and the first hot-gas bypass control valve 12 share pressure pipeline F1, and the temperature-sensitive bag 16 of air-breathing cooling heating power expansion valve 14 is arranged on the return line E of oil return bend 8 outlet side.
The level converging pipeline after described Liquid refrigerant by-pass pipeline B2 is crossing with the second high-pressure gas pipeline A2 with gas-liquid is converged pipeline G1 and is connected, the length that described level converges pipeline G1 is at least 30 times that level converges pipeline G1 pipe interior diameter, in the present embodiment, level converges the length of pipeline G1 is 35 times that level converges pipeline G1 pipe interior diameter, the setting that longer level converges pipeline ensure that the Homogeneous phase mixing of liquids and gases in pipeline effectively, level converge pipeline G1 outlet side immediately with vertically converge pipeline G2 and be connected, described vertically converge pipeline G2 crossing with low-pressure gas pipeline D to downward-extension after be connected with the inlet side of the oil return bend 8 on return line E again.
As shown in Figure 2, the described Liquid refrigerant by-pass pipeline B2 being positioned at air-breathing cooling heating power expansion valve 14 outlet side and both the second high-pressure gas pipeline A2 being positioned at the first hot-gas bypass control valve 12 outlet side converges pipeline G1 with described level and is all in same level, and with described level converge pipeline G1 crossing before Liquid refrigerant by-pass pipeline B2 and the second high-pressure gas pipeline A2 arrange in opposite directions.
Embodiment 3
Embodiment 3 adds the gas bypass pipeline H leading to knockout 5 on the basis of embodiment 2 pipeline structure, described gas bypass pipeline H is connected with the second high-pressure gas pipeline A2, and described gas bypass pipeline H connects successively along gas flow direction be provided with magnetic valve 11 and the second hot-gas bypass control valve 15, the pressure pipeline F2 of described second hot-gas bypass control valve 15 is connected with the low-pressure gas pipeline D of evaporating pressure regulating valve 7 outlet side.