CN1727698A - 带有声衰减接头的风扇壳体衬里 - Google Patents

带有声衰减接头的风扇壳体衬里 Download PDF

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CN1727698A
CN1727698A CNA2005100760570A CN200510076057A CN1727698A CN 1727698 A CN1727698 A CN 1727698A CN A2005100760570 A CNA2005100760570 A CN A2005100760570A CN 200510076057 A CN200510076057 A CN 200510076057A CN 1727698 A CN1727698 A CN 1727698A
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joint
seam
sound attenuation
openings
panel
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M·W·科斯塔
C·布朗
A·S·福斯
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Raytheon Technologies Corp
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02K—JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02K1/00—Plants characterised by the form or arrangement of the jet pipe or nozzle; Jet pipes or nozzles peculiar thereto
    • F02K1/78—Other construction of jet pipes
    • F02K1/82—Jet pipe walls, e.g. liners
    • F02K1/827—Sound absorbing structures or liners
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D33/00—Arrangements in aircraft of power plant parts or auxiliaries not otherwise provided for
    • B64D33/02—Arrangements in aircraft of power plant parts or auxiliaries not otherwise provided for of combustion air intakes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
    • F02C7/04—Air intakes for gas-turbine plants or jet-propulsion plants
    • F02C7/045—Air intakes for gas-turbine plants or jet-propulsion plants having provisions for noise suppression
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D33/00—Arrangements in aircraft of power plant parts or auxiliaries not otherwise provided for
    • B64D33/02—Arrangements in aircraft of power plant parts or auxiliaries not otherwise provided for of combustion air intakes
    • B64D2033/0206—Arrangements in aircraft of power plant parts or auxiliaries not otherwise provided for of combustion air intakes comprising noise reduction means, e.g. acoustic liners
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D33/00—Arrangements in aircraft of power plant parts or auxiliaries not otherwise provided for
    • B64D33/02—Arrangements in aircraft of power plant parts or auxiliaries not otherwise provided for of combustion air intakes
    • B64D2033/0266—Arrangements in aircraft of power plant parts or auxiliaries not otherwise provided for of combustion air intakes specially adapted for particular type of power plants
    • B64D2033/0286—Arrangements in aircraft of power plant parts or auxiliaries not otherwise provided for of combustion air intakes specially adapted for particular type of power plants for turbofan engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2230/00—Manufacture
    • F05D2230/20—Manufacture essentially without removing material
    • F05D2230/23—Manufacture essentially without removing material by permanently joining parts together
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2240/00—Components
    • F05D2240/10—Stators
    • F05D2240/14—Casings or housings protecting or supporting assemblies within
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2260/00—Function
    • F05D2260/96—Preventing, counteracting or reducing vibration or noise
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
    • Y02T50/60—Efficient propulsion technologies, e.g. for aircraft
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    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10T29/49885—Assembling or joining with coating before or during assembling
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    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
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Abstract

一种风扇壳体的衬里组件，包括由面板覆盖的噪音衰减层。面板包括通到下面的噪音衰减层的开口。面板和噪音衰减层包括声音可透过的接头。噪音衰减层包括通过粘性带在接缝连接到第二侧的第一侧。粘性带粘接第一侧到第二侧无须充填任何空腔。面板包括用粘结剂充填的接头，在风扇壳体内提供了希望的无间断表面。通过接头和粘结剂形成的开口与下面的噪音衰减层连通。接头和接缝基本上声音可透过，改进了噪音衰减性能。

Description

带有声衰减接头的风扇壳体衬里
技术领域
本发明大体上涉及涡轮发动机的风扇壳体，具体地，涉及一种风扇壳体衬里，其包括具声活性的接头。
背景技术
飞机用的传统涡轮和涡轮风扇发动机包括多个涡轮机叶片，叶片在风扇壳体内转动。风扇壳体用作保护性遮盖物，以保护涡轮机叶片和飞机。此外，风扇壳体引导气流到涡轮发动机。风扇壳体的内表面设置成可承受物体的冲击，物体可能接触风扇壳体。此外，风扇壳体的内表面具有声衰减特性，可减少发动机发出的噪音。
对涡轮发动机发出的噪音量的限制正日趋严格。因此，正在作出不断的努力来减少飞机发动机发出的噪音。已经知道可在风扇壳体衬里设置噪音衰减结构层和包括多个开口的表面层。表面层一般是薄片金属或复合材料，可提供对噪音衰减结构的保护。可造成压力扰动的噪音通过表面层中的开口进入噪音衰减结构，在此结构中压力扰动消散，减少了总的噪音数量。
风扇壳体衬里包括形成内表面的多片材料之间的接头。一般要求这些接头适合噪音衰减结构和风扇壳体内壁上表面层的组装，并且能够应付热膨胀产生的载荷。接头包括噪音衰减结构和表面层上的接缝。接缝一般要进行充填，以减少通过风扇壳体的气流的有害作用。对接缝的填充一般可导致相对其余风扇壳体衬里的声死区。声死区减少了风扇衬里的作用，使得发动机的噪音超过要求的水平。
因此，希望开发出一种风扇壳体衬里的接头和接缝，其具有声活性，可改善风扇壳体衬里的噪音衰减性能。
发明内容
因此，本发明提出一种风扇壳体衬里组件，可包括具有声活性的接头，以改善噪音衰减性能。
衬里组件形成风扇壳体的内表面，其包括噪音衰减特性。衬里组件包括面板覆盖的噪音衰减层。面板包括多个第一开口，提供了与噪音衰减层的连通。噪音衰减层包括多个空腔，可与多个第一开口中至少一个连通。
噪音衰减层的第一侧在接缝处通过粘结带连接到第二侧。传统的接缝包括填充接缝各侧的一或二排空腔的粘结剂，可导致接缝出现不希望的声死区。本发明的接缝使用粘结带，可粘接第一侧到第二侧，无须填充任何附近的空腔。结果是，接缝基本上是声音可透过的。
面板包括第一端，其在接头处连接到第二端。接头可适应面板的膨胀和收缩，发生膨胀和收缩是因为一般操作时出现极限温度造成的。接头包括搭接部分，形成了表面衬里端部的连接结构，粘结剂充填搭接部分。搭接第一和第二端部，连同粘结剂充填接缝，造成封闭的开口带。开口封闭导致声死区，搭接区使得衬里组件的声性能退化。在搭接区内形成了多个第二开口以连通设置在搭接区下面的噪音衰减层。在搭接区形成多个第二开口提供了具声活性的接头，其增加了发动机噪音的衰减。
相对于传统的连接技术，面板和噪音衰减层的接头和接缝提供了优越的声性能。接头和接缝基本上声音可透过，改善了噪音衰减性能。
从下面的说明和附图，可对本发明的这些和其他特征有更好的了解，下面是对附图的简单介绍。
附图说明
图1是风扇壳体和衬里组件的截面图；
图2是衬里组件的接缝和接头的透视图；
图3是衬里组件一部分的平面图。
具体实施方式
现在参考图1，涡轮发动机的风扇壳体10包括衬里组件12、衬里带15和前缘14。前缘14引导气流进入和包围风扇壳体10。衬里带15设置在衬里组件12和前缘14之间，还可以具有噪音衰减特性。衬里带15可以具有所述领域的技术人员已知的其他结构。
衬里组件12形成风扇壳体10的内表面，面前是摩擦衬里13和涡轮机叶片11。衬里组件12包括噪音衰减层16，其被面板18覆盖。面板18包括多个第一开口20，其提供了与噪音衰减层16的连通。噪音衰减层16包括多个空腔22，各个空腔与所述多个第一开口20中的至少一个连通。发动机产生的声能进入空腔22，并转换成热量。声能转换成的热量消散，降低了发动机和风扇壳体10发出的噪音。
噪音衰减层16在接缝28进行连接，面板18沿搭接区44连接。接缝28和搭接区44是具有声活性的，有利于衬里组件12的整体噪音衰减性能。
参考图2，噪音衰减层16包括第一例24和第二侧26，第一和第二侧24，26在接缝28通过粘结带30连接到一起。粘结带30最好包括支承粘结剂的平纹棉麻织物31的窄带。尽管示例性的粘结带30包括平纹棉麻织物支承的粘结剂，了解本公开优点的技术人员知道任何类型的粘结带都包括在本发明内。
示例性的噪音衰减层16形成单件，包围风扇壳体10的内侧，并在接缝28处连接起来。接缝28在风扇壳体10内沿轴向延伸。传统的接缝使用粘结剂，其填充了位于接缝28两侧的一或二排的空腔22。这样将导致不希望的声死区。
第一和第二侧24，26基本正交于面板18的内表面并通过粘结带30连接到一起。接缝28提供了噪音衰减层16的侧面24，26之间较薄的接头。本发明的接缝28使用了粘结带30，将第一侧和第二侧24，26粘接到一起，无须充填任何附近的空腔22。较薄的接缝28和其附近的开口空腔22使声音可通过，改进了衬里组件12的噪音衰减性能。
面板18是具有衬里组件12要求长度的单板。面板18包括第一端32，其在接头36连接到第二端34。接头36适应面板18的膨胀和收缩，正常操作期间出现极限温度可产生膨胀和收缩。接头36最好是搭接，但是所述领域的技术人员已知的其他伸缩接头也属于本发明。
接头36包括面板18的搭接部分。接头的搭接部分形成接缝40，接缝要用粘结剂42填充。接头36用粘结剂42覆盖以充填接头36，在风扇壳体10的内表面上提供连续的不间断表面。该不间断表面减少了气流的不一致性，暴露的接头将产生不一致性。第一和第二端32，43的搭接，连同用粘结剂42填充接缝40，导致搭接区44的开口封闭。封闭的开口防止声能与噪音衰减层连通。封闭开口导致在搭接区44出现声死区，造成衬里组件12的声性能下降。
在搭接区44形成了多个第二开口46，提供了声能通过接头36与搭接区44下面的噪音衰减层16的连通。在搭接区44形成多个第二开口46可使声能通过接头36，导致具声活性的接头36，有助于衰减发动机的噪音。
参考图3，衬里组件12的放大部分显示搭接区44和接缝28。多个第二开口46大于多个第一开口20。此外，相对多个第一开口20，多个第二开口46间隔开更大的距离。这种结构提供了所需水平的声性能，且不会削弱接头36。利用搭接区44设置多些或少些开口可保持接头36具有所要求的强度。同时继续提供声能与噪音衰减层16的连通。
搭接区44和接缝28沿轴向设置在风扇壳体10内，并互相偏移一定周向距离50。接头36相对接缝28的起伏或不对正的相对位置可进一步改进衬里组件12的噪音衰减性能。
衬里组件12通过多个步骤进行组装，首先将噪音衰减层16设置到风扇壳体10内的支承表面上。噪音衰减层16包围风扇壳体10的内表面，使第一侧24对接第二侧26。对接各侧24，26所形成的接缝沿轴向设置在风扇壳体10内。尽管最好使用单片件来形成噪音衰减层16，使用正交于面板18的平面内的侧面连接到一起的多个部分的噪音衰减层16也未脱离本发明的范围。使用粘结带30形成的接头提供了比较薄的接缝，声音可透过到达风扇壳体10。
一旦噪音衰减层16设置在适当位置，面板18设置在噪音衰减层16上。第一和第二端32，34对接形成面板18的轴向接头36。接头36然后用粘结剂42充填，提供基本无间断的内表面。粘结剂42沿接头36的相邻侧面填充，形成轴向的搭接区44。组装过程还包括在搭接区44内形成多个第二开口46。多个第二开口46通到下面的噪音衰减层16，以连通发动机产生的声能。
面板18和噪音衰减层16的接头36和接缝28，与传统的连接技术相比，可提供优越的声性能。接头36和接缝28成为基本上声可透过的，改善了噪音衰减性能。此外，本发明的接头36和接缝28提供了改进的性能，并且衬里组件很容易装配。改善的噪音衰减性能减少了风扇壳体10发出的噪音数量，达到了要求的水平。
尽管上面已经介绍了本发明的优选实施例，所属领域的技术人员应该理解，对本发明进行的某些修改未脱离发明的范围。为此，应对所附权利要求进行研究，以确定本发明的确切范围和内容。

Claims (20)

1.一种风扇壳体的衬里组件，包括：
噪音衰减层；和
面板，覆盖所述噪音衰减层，所述面板包括多个第一开口和接头，所述接头包括多个第二开口，使声能通过所述接头连通到所述噪音衰减层。
2.根据权利要求1所述的组件，其特征在于，所述噪音衰减层的第一侧通过粘结带连接到第二侧，形成了接缝。
3.根据权利要求2所述的组件，其特征在于，所述接缝位于正交于所述面板的平面。
4.根据权利要求2所述的组件，其特征在于，所述粘结带包括平纹棉麻织物支承的粘结剂的窄带。
5.根据权利要求1所述的组件，其特征在于，所述接头包括搭接接头。
6.根据权利要求1所述的组件，其特征在于，所述粘结带覆盖所述接头和所述多个第二开口通过所述粘结带延伸。
7.根据权利要求1所述的组件，其特征在于，所述多个第二开口大于所述多个第一开口。
8.根据权利要求2所述的组件，其特征在于，所述接头和所述接缝沿所述风扇壳体在轴向上设置。
9.根据权利要求8所述的组件，其特征在于，所述接头和所述接缝沿周向间隔开一定距离。
10.根据权利要求1所述的组件，其特征在于，所述噪音衰减层包括多个部分。
11.一种风扇壳体的衬里组件，其包括：
沿接缝连接的噪音衰减层；和
面板，包括多个第一开口，可连通声能到所述噪音衰减层，其中，所述噪音衰减层的第一侧通过粘结带连接到第二侧，形成接缝。
12.根据权利要求11所述的组件，其特征在于，所述接缝位于横向于所述面板的平面。
13.根据权利要求11所述的组件，其特征在于，所述噪音衰减层包括多个单独的空腔，所述各空腔与所述面板的所述多个开口中至少一个连通。
14.根据权利要求13所述的组件，其特征在于，所述多个空腔包括沿所述接缝的各空腔，沿所述接缝的各空腔是空洞的，并与所述面板的多个开口中至少一个连通。
15.一种制造风扇壳体的衬里组件的方法，所述方法包括步骤：
装配带有多个第一开口的面板到噪音衰减结构；
连接所述面板的第一端到所述面板的第二端，形成接头；
用填充物覆盖所述接头；和
形成通过所述填充物和所述接头的多个第二孔，所述第二孔连通到所述噪音衰减结构。
16.根据权利要求15所述的方法，其特征在于，包括步骤：通过粘结剂连接所述噪音衰减结构的第一侧到第二侧，形成接缝。
17.根据权利要求15所述的方法，其特征在于，所述多个第二孔大于所述多个第一孔。
18.根据权利要求15所述的方法，其特征在于，所述步骤b包括通过搭接连接所述第一和第二端。
19.根据权利要求16所述的方法，其特征在于，所述接头和接缝在所述风扇壳体内沿轴向延伸。
20.根据权利要求19所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括使所述接头和所述接缝沿周向间隔开一定距离。
CNA2005100760570A 2004-07-27 2005-05-26 带有声衰减接头的风扇壳体衬里 Pending CN1727698A (zh)

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