CN1721694A

CN1721694A - Method and installation for power generation and sea water desalination utilizing air energy, ice-cold energy, solar energy and thermal difference energy

Info

Publication number: CN1721694A
Application number: CNA2005100683184A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孟英志
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2004-07-15
Filing date: 2005-05-08
Publication date: 2006-01-18

Abstract

This invention discloses one method and device to make use of air, ice, solar energies, which belongs to the technique field of exploring seawater and new energy. The main devices comprise cooling system, condenser, steam water; generating machine, evaporator with low boiling point; heat source system and its process comprises the following steps: heating the substance in the evaporator by heat source system to generate steam with high pressure; the steam passes the steam wheel and to push the machine to drive generator; then entering condenser into liquid status; then sending into evaporator for next recycle work.

Description

Utilize the air energy, ice-cold energy, solar energy, thermal gradient energy, generating, the method for desalination of sea water and device.

Technical field

The invention belongs to new energy development utilization and desalination of sea water field.Because traditional fuel energy minimizing day by day, the harm that environment is caused becomes increasingly conspicuous, develop novel, cleaning, the epoch of renewable energy sources arrive.Many countries are all carrying out the research and development of this respect.And China energy demand big country especially.Therefore, the development and use novel clean energy is of great immediate significance especially.

Background technique

Technology with the present invention closes on is " solar pond heat generating system " (drawing from " generation of electricity by new energy technology " China Electric Power Publishing House).Solar pond comes down to a salinity and has certain density brine pit.The lighter fresh water of one deck is possessed on top, pond, and the bottom is heavier salt solution, makes keeping certain salinity gradient along the vertical direction of solar pond.The visible light of sunlight and ultraviolet part can see through several meters dark peace and quiet water, and this part radiation energy will be absorbed by the dark bottom in pond.Because the water purification body is a well effective heat insulator, therefore, the water of the bottom of the solar pond of good design may seethe with excitement owing to continuous heat absorption.Must avoid this boiling, this is because water is in case boiling will damage stable density gradient in the pond at the bottom of the pond as far as possible.So, when being designed for the solar pond of various solar heat utilizations and heat generating, must accomplish effectively to carry out the transfer of a large amount of useful heat, and water seethes with excitement at the bottom of can avoiding the pond conscientiously.

The solar pond area has the 1ha size usually, can not adopt the heat exchange pipe network of different working medium to carry out heat exchange.Thermodynamic principle point out, fluid layer can slowly be removed at the bottom of the pond and not upset the water body main body.So just can at the bottom of the pond, extract heated salt solution out, after the heat exchanger heat exchange, send back at the bottom of the pond again with pump.Because the fluid temperature (F.T.) that the fluid ratio that refluxes is extracted out is low, therefore can accomplish the salt solution of heating is extracted out at the bottom of the pond, keep needed density gradient in the pond simultaneously and unlikely disturbed sun pond proper functioning.

Using the above-mentioned characteristic of solar pond, solar pond is built up in the bittern lake, is exactly a huge flat plate collector.Utilize it to absorb solar energy, produce superheated vapor by the heat exchanger heats low boiling working fluid again, drive the Turbo-generator Set generating, the principle of solar pond that Here it is heat generating.

Israel Ao Ermate steam turbine company has built maximum in the world solar pond power station on dry lake, California, USA Dong Shengbainadinuo area, its total clean generated output is 48MW, first group of 12MW unit and putting into operation in 1985, put into operation in December, 1987 in the bed rearrangement power station.

There are four salinas in this power station, and each area 48*1000 square metre, the dark 3.6-4.8 rice in pond can be for the generating of 1-2 group Turbo-generator Set.After brine at the bottom of the pond was heated by sunlight, temperature can reach 93.3 degree.With pump brine is extracted out,, made it vaporization, produce superheated vapor, drive the generating of low boiling working fluid Turbo-generator Set by heat exchanger heats fluorine Lyons.The steam that steam turbine is discharged is after vapour condenser condenses, and Returning heat-exchanger heats again.System's running temperature can reach 82.2 degree.This power station is built and is managed by the design of Ao Ermate company, and the electric energy of generation is sold California Edison's electrical network.

This technology belongs to the exploitation Demonstration Application stage at present.Need certain region restriction owing to build solar pond, can only be in the coastal or regional construction of salina, and technical difficulty is higher, and suitable big capacity generates electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems.

The technology of closing on the present invention is that I propose " utilizing the method and the device of solar electrical energy generation " (number of patent application is: 200410068900.6) in addition.The present invention has increased up-to-date achievement in research on the foregoing invention basis.

Summary of the invention

But the objective of the invention is to create a kind of novel environment friendly energy that is not subjected to the restriction of any region of extensive use.

The present invention proposes and utilize the ice storage in winter, treat temperature when higher (containing inexhaustible energy in the air), utilize the method for the thermal gradient energy generating of air and ice, started a kind of new using energy source method (being defined as ice-cold energy for the time being), belong to international initiative.

As everyone knows, when water-setting build-ups ice, need emit heat, and when ice is molten into water, need to absorb heat, and ice and water all are accompanied by the transfer of energy when temperature raises or reduce.And ice is a kind of extensive existence and the material that is easy to store.Therefore, store ice and just be equivalent to store energy.We know by the second law of thermodynamics: (machinery that all is converted into useful work from single source absorption heat is called perpetuum mobile of the second kind).Perpetuum mobile of the second kind can not cause.Therefore, if think effectively to utilize the heat energy in air work done, just must there be corresponding with it cryogenic substance to cooperate.We do a simple computation here: by physics as can be known, it is 335KJ that 1 kg of ice is molten into water institute calorific requirement, and 1 kilogram-20 ℃ ice temperature is increased to 0 ℃, and institute's calorific requirement is 42KJ, is 84KJ and 1 kg water rises to 20 ℃ of institute's calorific requirements by 0 ℃.Suppose that we get operation interval is-20 ℃ of ice to 20 ℃ water, then: become 20 ℃ water if 1 kilogram-20 ℃ ice are heated up, institute's calorific requirement is about: 335KJ+42KJ+84KJ=461KJ.Contrast, the 1 kilogram of standard coal institute liberated heat that burns is: 29000KJ.With 29000KJ divided by 461KJ, can draw: 29000/461=62.9, also promptly: with the heat that 62.9 kg of ice absorb, liberated heat when being equivalent to 1 kilogram of coal burning, also promptly: the cold energy that stores 62.9 kilograms ice gained is equivalent to obtain the energy value of 1 kilogram coal.If build the ice bank of 50 meters of ten thousand metres * ten thousand metres *, then be equivalent to obtain reserves and be: 79491255 tons colliery.In like manner, if build the ice bank of 50 meters of one 100000 meters * ten thousand metres *, then be equivalent to obtain reserves 800,000,000 tons large-scale colliery nearly.And China the Northeast is vast in territory, and cold season is very long, can obtain inexhaustible cold energy.If in the coastal area, then can draw the seawater ice making and store, can obtain energy, also can in generating, ice be molten into fresh water.(after seawater was freezing, the part of freezing was a fresh water, and last seawater part concentration becomes big.Thereby) solve the problem of desalination of sea water.

The objective of the invention is to invent a kind of method and device that utilizes the various energy that extensively are present in occurring in nature to generate electricity, method and device among the present invention mainly contain: among Fig. 7, and condenser system 38 (can be ice or water or cool air); Condenser 11; Steam turbine 10; Generator 9; Low boiling working fluid vaporizer 8; Heat source system 37 (can be water or the water after air can heat or water after solar energy heating or hot air).

Working procedure of the present invention is as follows: with the low boiling working fluid in the heat source system heating fumigators, make it vaporization, produce high pressure steam, steam drives generator for electricity generation by steam turbine and pushing turbine, steam enters condenser afterwards, be condensed into liquid state by condenser system, send into vaporizer interior (can make the bottom of condenser be higher than vaporizer, or use pump) again and carry out next periodic duty.

Beneficial effect of the present invention:

The present invention proposes the method for storing away in winter ice and be used for generating electricity, build the ice bank storage of cold, started a brand-new field of utilization of new energy resources, developed a kind of inexhaustible energy, for a wide prospect has been started in the utilization of new energy.

The present invention has initiated air energy heating system; Among Fig. 2, (by 17,18,33,34,24,21,19 form) makes that collecting the energy that contains in the air fast becomes possibility.For effectively utilizing inexhaustible energy contained in the air that a kind of new method is provided.

The present invention proposes the new method of utilizing the thermal gradient energy generating.

The present invention adopts solar energy case group to heat, and has effectively solved the inconvenience that the scale problems of different quality is brought to equipment.

The present invention is not subjected to the restriction of any regional condition, and has provided the best of breed generation mode of different regional conditions.Generating separately on a small scale, also capacity generates electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems and is simple greatly.

The present invention is with the air energy, ice-cold energy, and solar energy, thermal gradient energy is the energy, and is pollution-free, operating cost is extremely low, and unlimited resources is arranged, and is the Perfected process of development clear energy sources.

Description of drawings:

Principle schematic of the present invention:

Fig. 1: solar energy case group 1; High light-passing plastic water bag 2; Outlet valve 3; Outlet conduit 4; Bleed valve 5; Go into water valve 6; Heat-insulating water tanks 7; Low boiling working fluid vaporizer 8; Generator 9; Steam turbine 10; Condenser 11; Pump 12; Condensation water tank 13; Go into water valve 14; Outlet valve 15; Outlet valve 16; Heat pump 35; Heat exchanger 36.

Fig. 2: air energy vaporizer 17; Connecting pipe 18; Connecting pipe 19; Water storage box 20; Air energy condenser 21; Outlet valve 22; Go into water valve 23; Electric fan 24; Vacuum pump 33; Vacuum suction valve 34.

Fig. 3: ice tank 25; Go into water valve 26; Outlet valve 27.

Fig. 4: ice bank 28; Ventilation valve 29; Discharging valve 30; Condenser 31.

Fig. 5: low boiling working fluid vaporizer 8; Generator 9; Steam turbine 10; Pump 12; Ice bank 28; Ventilation valve 29; Discharging valve 30; Condenser 31; Electric fan 32.

Fig. 6: solar energy case group 1; High light-passing plastic water bag 2; Outlet valve 3; Outlet conduit 4; Bleed valve 5; Go into water valve 6; Heat-insulating water tanks 7; Low boiling working fluid vaporizer 8; Generator 9; Steam turbine 10; Pump 12; Outlet valve 16; Ice bank 28; Ventilation valve 29; Discharging valve 30; Condenser 31; Heat pump 35; Heat exchanger 36.

Fig. 7: low boiling working fluid vaporizer 8; Generator 9; Steam turbine 10; Condenser 11; Heat source system 37 (can be water or the water after air can heat or water after solar energy heating or hot air); Condenser system 38 (can be ice or snow or water or water or cool air after the cool air cooling).

Embodiment

The present invention can be made up of following diverse ways and device according to different weather conditions and area feature.

Method 1: long cold season according to the northern area of China, can make the big characteristics of ice storage amount, can adopt Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, schematic diagram mode shown in Fig. 4 figure and 6.

Device of the present invention mainly contains: among Fig. 3, and ice tank 25, the top of ice tank has into water valve 26, and a drain valve 27 is arranged at the bottom.Ground, ice tank 25 optional one low-lying hole is made by the water-impervious frost-resistant material all around.Among Fig. 4, ice bank 28 can be dug a bulk storage plant at the bottom of ground, or selects ground, a low-lying hole, selects for use the heat-preserving anti-freezing material to build all around, and the bottom is made a heat exchange chamber and laid condenser 31, and a vent valve 29 is arranged at its top, and a drain valve 30 is arranged at the bottom.

Among Fig. 2, air can be made of connecting

pipe

18,19 by vaporizer 17 the heat dissipation metal material, 18 top has an

extraction valve

34,34 to connect a vacuum pump 33, and air can be made of the heat dissipation metal material by condenser 21, the top of

water storage box

20,20 has into water valve 23, and an outlet valve 22 is arranged at the bottom.

Among Fig. 6, solar energy case group 1 is that one group of casing is made by thermal insulating material, and internal surface is made by black light-absorbing material (black plastic etc.), and the top is sealed to form by dual-layer vacuum glass (or the interior expandable plastic film of high printing opacity multilayer).Decide by the location latitude is different at the inclination angle, vertically injects with sunlight and lay to good.In adorn high light-passing

plastic water bag

2,2 top has into water valve 6 and bleed valve 5, the bottom is made up of outlet valve 3, so structure can make sunlight see through 2, direct projection bottom light absorbent, by upwards heating of bottom, the comparable vacuum pipe solar water heater of the thermal efficiency improves more than 20%, and the cost cost can reduce significantly.If independent the use promptly can be used as solar water heater and uses.2 adopt the soft transparent plastic bag to be the material that is filled with water, and advantage is effectively to prevent the fouling of sealing, and makes the material replacement cost very low.Outlet valve 3 is linked to each other with heat-insulating water tanks 7 by outlet conduit 4, and 7 by insulation, airtight, and water-proofing material constitutes, and bottom one side bed hedgehopping can make the cold water after the cooling be discharged by discharging valve 16 easily.Heat-insulating water tanks 7 can design a reserve tank, is used for many stored hot waters in order to night or do not have sunlight weather and use.Be equipped with in the heat-insulating water tanks 7 liquid low boiling working fluid (ammonia, fluorine Lyons, carbon dioxide) is housed in the low boiling working

fluid vaporizer

8,8,8 are made by the heat dissipation metal material.8 are connected with steam turbine 10 by pipeline, 10 band generators 9, and the air outlet of steam turbine 10 is connected with condenser 31 in the ice bank 28 by pipeline, and condenser 31 is connected with water pump 12, and pump 12 is connected with vaporizer 8.In heat-insulating water tanks 7, place a heat exchanger 36, link to each other, use when preparing against rainy weather and not having sunlight night with the heat pump 35 of outside.

Working procedure of the present invention is as follows.Fig. 3 among Fig. 4, closes discharging valve 27 earlier, and water is introduced ice tank 25 by going into water valve 26.If in the coastal area, preferably use seawater.Because cold weather, the water surface partly begins to freeze, and after the degree of waiting to reach certain upper strata ice is taken away, puts into ice bank 28, and upper water continues to freeze, and takes away.So circulation.If use seawater, then whenever get one deck ice, the seawater salinity increases, and after waiting to reach finite concentration, opens discharging valve 27, and concentrated seawater is drained, and introduces seawater again, works on.Also can get nearby and adopt the river, the river, the lake, the natural ice in the sea or the arctic, or sky snow are up and down directly put into ice bank and are stored.This moment ice bank in ventilation valve 29, discharging valve 30 all is a closed condition.After treating that ice bank is full, top cover is with insulation, and frost-resistant material is sealed up for safekeeping.When treating that the weather temperature reaches more than 0 ℃, can enable.

Among Fig. 2, outlet valve 22 is closed, water is filled with water storage box 20 through going into water valve 23.By 17,18,34,33,21,19 form a closed-cycle system.Its working procedure is: make 17 bottom be lower than 21 bottom, the bottom 17 is put into 0 ℃ water in advance, (or alcohol.) open extraction valve 34, start vacuum pump 33, with system's vacuum pumping, make its degree of vacuum be higher than 0.023MPa, close extraction valve 34 and vacuum pump 33.By physics as can be known, water under low pressure, boiling point reduces.Under the pressure of 0.023MPa, boiling point is 20 ℃.When external temperature was higher than 20 ℃, 17 interior water absorbed heat, come to life rapidly.Low pressure steam enters in the air energy condenser 21 through 18, and with the water heat-shift in the water storage box 20, (vapor (steam) temperature is higher than water temperature) steam is emitted heat, is condensed into water again, flows back to 17 through pipeline 19.And the water in the water storage box 20 absorbs the heat temperature and raises.Constantly the air of heat is blowed to 17 by electric fan 24, make the water heat absorption boiling in 17, so circulation, steam in the water temperature in 20 and 17 and external high temperature air temperature reach consistent, and work cycle stops.This is the elementary warm-up phase of water.Working mediums in 17 can be water, also can be that alcohol or other have the low boiling working fluid of this specific character.Use the method feed-water preheating, its advantage is that rate of heating is fast, and air energy is inexhaustible, can collect lot of energy fast.Especially when summer air temperature up to more than 35 ℃ the time, the method is very effective, and floor space is little.Utilize solar energy then to need to take very big place.The method combines with solar energy, further improves water temperature after the preheating with solar heater, then can improve the working efficiency of solar energy greatly.

Water after the preheatings in the water storage box 20 is inserted (Fig. 6) through outlet valve 22 goes into water valve 6, inject the high light-passing plastic water bag 2 in the solar energy case group 1, close discharging valve 3, and open bleed valve 5 simultaneously, treat that water is filled with in 2 after, close 5,6.Treat that water in the high light-passing plastic bag 2 is after solar energy heating, can open outlet valve 3 and bleed valve 5, treat that hot water injects in the heat-insulating water tanks 7, the liquid low boiling working fluid in the vaporizer 8 is after the hot water heating, absorb heat, vaporization rapidly produces high pressure steam, and pushing turbine 10 drives generator 9 generatings, steam enters in the condenser 31 then, be condensed into liquid state under the glaciofluvial activity in ice bank, enter vaporizer 8 again by pump 12 again, carry out next periodic duty.Ice a large amount of in the ice bank 28 are after heat absorption, and temperature rises gradually, finally is molten into water, and low temperature water still can continue to use, and when reaching 20 ℃, can open ventilation valve 29, and discharging valve 30 is discharged through pump, recycles.If ice is frozen into by seawater, then promptly can be used as the very low fresh water use of salinity after the fusing, thereby reach the purpose of desalination of sea water.

Hot water in the heat-insulating water tanks 7, after work a period of time, temperature reduces, and sinks at the bottom of the case, is discharged by discharging valve 16, sends back in the water storage box 20 (Fig. 2), continues heating, recycles.So, hot water constantly flows into, so that system provides electric energy continually.

Under the rainy weather situation, or when hot water are not enough in the night insulation water tank 7, can start heat pump 35, the hot water by in heat exchanger 36 heating 7 work on to keep system.Or when temperature is higher than the temperature of condenser system, also can pass through heat pump separately, and the hot water in the heating 7, with 8,9,10,12,28,29,30,31 set up stand alone generating system.But this method need consume certain electric energy, and when temperature was higher, the electric energy of production can be greater than the electric energy that consumes.

This method also can directly be formed power generation system by the water after ice bank condenser system and air energy heating system (17,18,24,33,34,21, the 19) heating without solar heating system, also can reach the purpose of generating.

This method also can directly be formed power generation system by the water after ice bank condenser system and the solar heating system heating without air energy heating system, also can reach the purpose of generating.

Method 2: the present invention also has another straightforward procedure (Fig. 5).Promptly directly hot air (temperature is higher than condenser system) is blowed to low boiling working fluid vaporizer 8 by electric fan 32, make the liquid low boiling working fluid in 8 absorb heat, vaporization rapidly, produce high pressure steam, pushing turbine 10 drives generator 9 generatings, and steam enters in the condenser 31 and is condensed into liquid state then, again enter vaporizer 8 by pump 12 again, carry out next periodic duty.

Method 3: utilize the ice bank condenser system to combine, can be made into: " solar pond-ice bank, hot-cold power generation system " with " solar pond heat generating system ".But the efficiency of utilization of large increase " solar pond heat generating system ".

Method 4: the present invention can do condenser system by ice or the water after cool air cooling and do heat source system with ordinary water (well water or river or lake water or seawater) and combine, with the low boiling working fluid in the heat source system heating fumigators, make it vaporization, produce high pressure steam, steam drives generator for electricity generation by steam turbine and pushing turbine, steam enters condenser afterwards, is condensed into liquid state by condenser system, sends into and carries out next periodic duty in the vaporizer.

Utilize the ice bank condenser system can be combined, constitute " cold-heat generating system " with any mode of heating.All can reach the purpose of generating.

Method 5: according to China's warm band local climate condition, summer temp height, winter temperature are also high, do not have the condition that ice can store up, can take (Fig. 1), (Fig. 2) shown in the schematic diagram mode: with ice bank in the method 1 and condenser system, (Fig. 6, ice bank 28, ventilation valve 29, drain valve 30, condenser 31) is changed to another set of condenser system, (Fig. 1, condensation water tank 13 are gone into water valve 14, outlet valve 15, condenser 11) condensed water can be chosen water source nearby, (river, river, the lake, well, seawater, 18-20 degree) as condensation cycle water.If at night, when temperature is lower than 18 ℃-20 ℃, just water is contained in the radiator and cooled, cooling is treated to use as condensation cycle water daytime.(the method is very effective in the big area of day and night temperature) utilizes the daytime temperature height, or hot weather, heat hot water, and night, temperature was low, or microthermal climate, stored the mode that cold water is used to generate electricity, and this is (round the clock) thermal gradient energy electricity-generating method.

This method working procedure following (Fig. 2): outlet valve 22 is closed, water is filled with water storage box 20 through going into water valve 23, start air energy heating system (17,18,24,33,34,21,19) with water preheat, then the water after the preheating is injected (Fig. 1) high light-passing plastic bag 2, further heat through solar energy, (because China's southern area temperature is higher, sunny, usually can heat water to more than 80 ℃) inject in the heat-insulating water tanks 7, liquid low boiling working fluid in the vaporizer 8 absorbs heat after the hot water heating, rapidly vaporization, produce high pressure steam, pushing turbine 10 drives generator 9 generatings, and steam enters in the condenser 11 then, under the condensed water effect, be condensed into liquid state.Again enter in the vaporizer 8 by pump 12 again, carry out next periodic duty.Condensed water enters by going into water valve 14, is discharged by outlet valve 15, carries out periodic duty.Hot water in the heat-insulating water tanks 7, after work a period of time, temperature reduces, and sinks at the bottom of the case, is discharged by discharging valve 16, sends back in the water storage box 20 to recycle.So, hot water constantly flows into, so that system provides electric energy continually.

Under the rainy weather situation, or when hot water are not enough in the night insulation water tank 7, can start heat pump 35, by the hot water in heat exchanger 36 heating 7, system works on maintenance.Or when temperature is higher than the temperature of condenser system, also can pass through heat pump separately, the hot water in the heating 7 with 8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15, is set up stand alone generating system.But this method need consume certain electric energy, and when temperature was higher, the electric energy of production can be greater than the electric energy that consumes.

This method also can be without solar heating system, directly by ordinary water (river, the river, the lake, well, seawater) form power generation system with the water of air after can heating system (17,18,24,33,34,21,19) heating, also can reach the purpose of generating.

This method also can heating system without air, directly by ordinary water (river, the river, the lake, well, seawater) form power generation system with the water after the solar heating system heating, also can reach the purpose of generating.

Method 6: the present invention also has another straightforward procedure.Promptly directly hot air (temperature is higher than ordinary water) is blowed to low boiling working fluid vaporizer 8 by electric fan 32, make the liquid low boiling working fluid in 8 absorb heat, vaporization rapidly, produce high pressure steam, pushing turbine 10 drives generator 9 generatings, and steam enters in the condenser 11 and is condensed into liquid state then, again enter vaporizer 8 by pump 12 again, carry out next periodic duty.

Method 7: the present invention can be transported to warm band area and be used for generating in the cold area ice making, has both solved energy problem, has solved the freshwater resources problem again.

Method 8: the present invention can directly do condenser system by cool air and other heat source systems are formed power generation system.

Solar water-heating system among the present invention can be a solar energy case group, also can be common solar water heater.

The present invention proposes multiple different mode of heating and condensing mode, can make independent assortment, all can reach the purpose of generating according to concrete weather conditions.

Among the present invention, cool air, cold water refers to that in same mode of execution, temperature is lower than the heat source system temperature.

Among the present invention, hot air, hot water refers to that in same mode of execution, temperature is higher than the condenser system temperature.

Claims

1. one kind is utilized the air energy, ice-cold energy, solar energy, thermal gradient energy, generating, the method for desalination of sea water and device;

Its main device has: condenser system (38) (can be ice or water or cool air); Condenser (11); Steam turbine (10); Generator (9); Low boiling working fluid vaporizer (8); Heat source system (37) (can be water or the water after air can heat or water after solar energy heating or hot air); Its working procedure is as follows: with the low boiling working fluid in the heat source system heating fumigators, make it vaporization, produce high pressure steam, steam drives generator for electricity generation by steam turbine and pushing turbine, steam enters condenser afterwards, be condensed into liquid state by condenser system, send into vaporizer interior (can make the bottom of condenser be higher than vaporizer, or use pump) again and carry out next periodic duty; It is characterized in that, proposed multiple different mode of heating and device and condensing mode and device, can make independent assortment, all can reach the purpose of generating according to concrete weather conditions.(among the present invention, cool air, cold water refers to that in same mode of execution, temperature is lower than the heat source system temperature, hot air, hot water refers to that in same mode of execution, temperature is higher than the condenser system temperature.)

2. the air energy that utilizes according to claim 1, ice-cold energy, solar energy, thermal gradient energy, generating, the method for desalination of sea water and device; It is characterized in that condenser system adopts the method and the device of ice or snow or cool air or the water after the cool air cooling, ice can be natural ice, also can be artificial ice; Ice or snow or cool air or water or water after the solar energy heating or the superimposed or hot air of above several mode of heating after the water after the cool air cooling can heat with ordinary water or air respectively, form condenser system and heat source system, method of generating electricity and device.

3. the air energy that utilizes according to claim 1, ice-cold energy, solar energy, thermal gradient energy, generating, the method for desalination of sea water and device; It is characterized in that, make ice bank and promptly can be used for generating electricity, also can desalinize seawater.

4. the air energy that utilizes according to claim 1, ice-cold energy, solar energy, thermal gradient energy, generating, the method for desalination of sea water and device; It is characterized in that the ice bank condenser system can combine with " solar pond heat generating system ", can be made into: " solar pond-ice bank, hot-cold power generation system ".

5. the air energy that utilizes according to claim 1, ice-cold energy, solar energy, thermal gradient energy, generating, the method for desalination of sea water and device; It is characterized in that ordinary water does water or the water after the solar energy heating after condenser system can heat with air or above several mode of heating is superimposed or hot air is done heat source system, form the method and the device of generating.

6. the air energy that utilizes according to claim 1, ice-cold energy, solar energy, thermal gradient energy, generating, the method for desalination of sea water and device; It is characterized in that, can be transported to warm band area and be used for generating, both solved energy problem, solved the freshwater resources problem again in the cold area ice making.

7. the air energy that utilizes according to claim 1, ice-cold energy, solar energy, thermal gradient energy, generating, the method for desalination of sea water and device; It is characterized in that, solar energy case group (1) is that one group of casing is made by thermal insulating material, internal surface is made by the black light-absorbing material, the top is made of expandable plastic film in dual-layer vacuum glass or the high printing opacity multilayer, in adorn high printing opacity water bag (2), the inclination angle is vertically injected to good with sunlight, and its advantage is thermal efficiency height and the fouling that can effectively prevent different quality and with low cost; Solar energy case group (1) is used separately, can be used as solar water heater and uses.

8. the air energy that utilizes according to claim 1, ice-cold energy, solar energy, thermal gradient energy, generating, the method for desalination of sea water and device; It is characterized in that solar water-heating system can be a solar energy case group, also can be common solar water heater.

9. the air energy that utilizes according to claim 1, ice-cold energy, solar energy, thermal gradient energy, generating, the method for desalination of sea water and device; It is characterized in that air energy heating system is by air energy vaporizer (17) connecting pipe (18), (19), electric fan (24), vacuum suction valve (34), vacuum pump (33), air can be formed by condenser (21); Vacuum pumping in the whole system, and the bottom of (17) is lower than the bottom of (21), the working medium in (17) can be a water, also can be that alcohol or other have the low boiling working fluid of this specific character.

10. the air energy that utilizes according to claim 1, ice-cold energy, solar energy, thermal gradient energy, generating, the method for desalination of sea water and device; It is characterized in that, utilize the night temperature low, or microthermal climate, water for cooling is stored, do condenser system, day temperature height, or hot weather, water heated up to be stored, and does heat source system, forms the method and the device of generating.