CN201615034U - Solar heat collection conversion system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a solar heat collection and conversion system, which is sequentially connected by a solar heat collector, a heat storage box, an evaporator, a steam turbine and a condenser through pipelines, the condenser is also provided with a water pipe, the solar heat collector and the heat storage The first pipeline between the boiler and the second pipeline between the heat storage tank and the evaporator contain high-boiling medium, and the third pipeline between the evaporator and the steam turbine contains low-boiling medium. And the third pipeline is provided with a transfer pump. The utility model starts from the energy consumption structure of the building and the corresponding application of the energy structure that the system can generate, structurally meets the energy demand of the building, innovates the integrated design concept of solar power, heat and cooling, and coordinates the whole system operation for economical solar application. Unique structure, strong ability to adapt to building installation, high light-to-heat conversion efficiency, support medium temperature of 100 ℃ - 200 ℃, vacuum insulation, frost resistance, and thermal insulation function for buildings, which is conducive to building energy saving.

Description

Solar heat collection conversion system

technical field

The utility model belongs to the field of solar energy, and in particular relates to a solar heat collection conversion system applied to urban buildings.

Background technique

At present, most of the energy consumed by buildings, such as electric energy, heat (cold) energy, fuel oil, etc., comes from fossil energy. However, due to the limited reserves of mineral energy on the earth, they will eventually be exhausted. The massive emissions of CO ₂ , SO ₂ , and NO _X have caused global climate warming and ecological environment damage, affecting human health and sustainable development. Human society is facing dual pressures of energy shortage and environmental pollution. And solar energy is widely distributed, inexhaustible, clean and environmentally friendly energy. Today, the problem of energy scarcity is becoming more and more prominent, and the development and utilization of solar energy has become the focus of achieving sustainable energy development. Solar thermal and solar photovoltaic are the hot spots of research and application in recent years, but the cost of solar photovoltaic power generation is as high as 6 to 6 of the cost of ordinary coal power. 8 times. Our survey found that not only families, but also schools, hospitals, hotels, office buildings, etc., generally have such a pattern of energy consumption structure: the internal energy involved in heating and cooling consumes a lot, and electric energy is indispensable. The use of solar thermal in solar energy applications is relatively single, mainly solar water heaters, and the application of solar thermal power generation in urban buildings is limited by installation conditions.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a solar heat collection and conversion system to overcome the above disadvantages.

The purpose of this utility model can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

A solar heat collection conversion system, which consists of solar heat collectors, heat storage tanks, evaporators, steam turbines and condensers connected in sequence through pipes, and water pipes are also arranged on the condensers. The first pipe and the second pipe between the heat storage tank and the evaporator contain high boiling point medium, the third pipe between the evaporator and the steam turbine contains low boiling point medium, and the first pipe, the second pipe and the third pipe There is a transfer pump on it.

In the above-mentioned solar heat collection and conversion system, there is at least one solar heat collector.

In the above-mentioned solar heat collection and conversion system, the solar heat collector is a vein-shaped solar flat plate heat collector.

In the above-mentioned solar heat collection and conversion system, the vein-shaped solar flat plate heat collector includes a closed box body, the cover plate of the box body is a transparent glass cover plate, a heat collecting plate is arranged in the box body, and a heat conducting plate is arranged on the back of the heat collecting plate. The heat pipe extends out of the box.

In the above-mentioned solar heat collection conversion system, the box body includes a metal back shell (3) and a glass cover plate (1), the heat collector plate (2) is packaged in the box body, and the back side of the heat collector plate is provided with a heat conduction tube, and the heat conduction tube Extending out of the metal rear shell to form the heat release end of the heat pipe, the heat pipe heat release end communicates with the first pipeline, the heat conduction tube is equipped with a low boiling point medium, the front of the heat collecting plate is provided with a front glass pillar, and the metal rear shell is provided with a rear glass The pillar and the heat collector are placed on the rear glass pillar, the metal back shell is provided with a vacuum reserved tube, and there is an adhesive between the glass cover plate and the metal back shell.

In the above-mentioned solar heat collection and conversion system, the heat conduction tube of the vein-shaped solar flat panel heat collector is a vein-shaped heat conduction tube, and the vein-shaped heat conduction tube is composed of a main pipe and a branch pipe communicating with the main pipe.

In the above solar heat collection conversion system, the heat pipe is a superconducting heat pipe, and the metal back shell is a steel shell.

In the solar heat collection conversion system mentioned above, the front glass pillar and the rear glass pillar are hollow glass pillars.

In the above-mentioned solar heat collection and conversion system, an insulation layer is arranged outside the heat release end of the heat pipe.

In the above-mentioned solar heat collection conversion system, the back side of the metal rear shell is provided with an installation hanging groove.

The heat collecting plate of the vein-shaped solar panel heat collector of the utility model is suspended in the middle of the hollow glass pillar, and the vein-shaped heat-conducting tube is sealed with a low-boiling point medium. The heat-collecting plate absorbs sunlight and transmits heat to the heat-conducting tube through the heat-collecting plate. Heat the low-boiling point medium in the heat pipe to boil, heat the heat pipe’s heat release end and the opening of the metal back shell, and seal the four sides of the front glass cover on the metal back shell with adhesive, and wait until the adhesive is completely After curing, vacuumize from the reserved tube for vacuuming. Because the vacuum is light-transmitting and heat-retaining, the vein-shaped heat-conducting tube encapsulated by the glass front cover and the metal back shell can effectively absorb sunlight and ensure that the absorbed heat does not The steel back shell has a certain strength and certain deformation ability; the glass hollow pillar has low thermal conductivity, light transmission, and static pressure resistance, which can clamp the heat collecting plate and float in the vacuum. Vein-shaped solar panel collectors have a high heat utilization rate of solar energy. This kind of solar panel collectors with small heat capacity, low heat loss and high thermal conductivity can output high-quality heat. Hang the heat release end of the heat pipe of the vein-shaped solar panel collector on the wall of the building upwards, and connect the heat release end of the heat pipe with the first pipeline, so that the heat at the heat release end of the heat pipe can pass through the flow medium of the first pipeline Take it to the heat storage tank to heat the flowing medium in the second pipeline, and the heat medium in the second pipeline will heat the low-boiling point medium in the third pipeline through the evaporator into steam and blow it to the steam turbine to drive the steam turbine to rotate, and the steam turbine can drive the generator Power generation, or compressor heating and cooling, while the water pipe on the condenser enters cold water, and the output is warm or hot water, which can be used by citizens in daily life, saving energy.

The utility valve type has the following advantages:

1. The utility model starts from the energy consumption structure of the building and the corresponding application of the energy structure that the system can generate, structurally meets the energy demand of the building, and innovates the integrated design concept of solar power, heat, and cooling functions. The system works in harmony to achieve the economy of solar energy application.

2. The bionic leaf-vein-shaped solar panel heat collector has applied vacuum insulation, heat pipe heat transfer, leaf vein structure, flat-plate heat collection and other means to improve heat collection. After experiments, when it is empty, when the solar power is 830 watts/square meter , the temperature at the output end can reach 225.8°C; when heating water, the measured heating power is 690 watts/square meter, and it still maintains a high light-to-heat conversion efficiency of 83.1% at high temperatures, realizing the original design support 100°C--200°C The expected effect of medium temperature and vacuum insulation; antifreeze, put it in a freezer at -18°C for 7 days, and everything is normal after taking it out. Unique structure, strong ability to adapt to building installation, high light-to-heat conversion efficiency, support medium temperature of 100 ℃ - 200 ℃, vacuum insulation, frost resistance, and thermal insulation function for buildings, which is conducive to building energy saving.

3. Replace batteries with hot water storage tanks, and replace electricity storage with heat storage, which solves the problem of energy storage and conversion, realizes the continuity and controllability of energy use, and reduces the cost and technical difficulty. In the experiment, a thermal storage tank with a capacity of 5.7 liters was filled with 88°C hot water, and the temperature dropped to 80°C within 24 hours, and the heat preservation performance was very good.

4. The compressor is directly driven by the mechanical energy of the heat engine. Considering the factor of energy efficiency ratio, the actual refrigeration efficiency is higher than that of lithium bromide absorption refrigeration, and the equipment is small and simple. Through experiments, the mechanical energy of the heat engine is used to drive the small piston compressor to work, and the refrigeration system powered by the compressor realizes refrigeration.

5. The utility model is suitable for various ordinary buildings and can generate medium-temperature solar superconducting heat pipe-type heat collectors to collect solar energy, recover and store heat from the working fluid, and use low-temperature heat engines to drive generators and compressors. For power generation and refrigeration, waste heat can be used to complete heating, thereby improving the economy and ease of use of solar energy applications, and conducting beneficial explorations for the construction of zero-carbon emission buildings.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the vein-shaped solar panel heat collector of the present utility model;

Fig. 3 is the assembling drawing of the utility model vein-shaped solar panel heat collector;

Fig. 4 is the A direction view of Fig. 3 heat collecting plate;

Fig. 5 is a B-direction view of the metal rear case in Fig. 3 .

Detailed ways

As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3, Figure 4 and Figure 5, a solar heat collection and conversion system consists of a solar heat collector 11, a thermal storage tank 12, an evaporator 13, a steam turbine 14 and a condenser 15 through pipelines Connected in turn, the condenser 15 is also provided with a water pipe 19, the first pipeline 16 between the solar collector 11 and the heat accumulator 12 and the second pipeline 17 between the heat storage tank 12 and the evaporator 13 are high Boiling point medium, the third pipeline 18 between the evaporator 13 and the steam turbine 14 is a low boiling point medium, and a delivery pump is arranged on the first pipeline 16, the second pipeline 17 and the third pipeline 18, and the solar heat collector At least one, a plurality of solar heat collectors can be set according to the different building areas, and each heat collector is connected with the first pipeline. The solar heat collector is a vein-shaped solar panel heat collector, and the vein-shaped The solar panel heat collector includes a closed box body, the cover plate of the box body is a transparent glass cover plate, a heat collecting plate is arranged in the box body, and a heat pipe is arranged on the back of the heat collecting plate, and the heat pipe extends out of the box body. The box body described above includes a metal back shell 3 and a glass cover plate 1. The heat collecting plate 2 is packaged in the box body. The back of the heat collecting plate is provided with a heat pipe 8, and the heat pipe 8 extends out of the metal back shell to form a heat release end of the heat pipe. 5. The heat pipe is equipped with a low boiling point medium, the front of the heat collector plate is provided with a front glass pillar 4, and the metal rear shell is provided with a rear glass pillar 10, and the heat collector plate is placed on the rear glass pillar 10, and the metal rear shell is provided with a Vacuumizing the reserved tube 7, there is an adhesive between the glass cover plate and the metal back shell, the heat conduction tube 8 is a vein-shaped heat conduction tube, and the vein-shaped heat conduction tube is composed of a main pipe 8 and a branch pipe 11 communicating with the main pipe. The heat pipe, the metal rear shell is a steel shell, the front glass pillar and the rear glass pillar are hollow glass pillars, the heat pipe exothermic end is provided with an insulation layer 10, and the back side of the metal rear shell is provided with an installation hanging groove 9.

Working process: when in use, hang the heat pipe heat release end of the solar collector of the present invention upward on the wall of the building facing the sun, insert the heat pipe heat release end of the heat collector into the first pipe, In this way, the solar heat energy absorbed by the vein-shaped solar flat panel heat collector heats the flowing medium in the first pipeline through the heat release end of the heat pipe, just like "heating fast" in life, the flowing medium in the first pipeline is heated, thereby Bring the heat to the heat storage tank to heat the flowing medium in the second pipeline, and the heat medium in the second pipeline will heat the low-boiling point medium in the third pipeline through the evaporator to form steam and blow it to the steam turbine to drive the steam turbine to rotate, and the steam turbine can drive The generator generates electricity, or the compressor heats and cools, and the water pipe on the condenser enters cold water, and the output is warm or hot water, which can be used by citizens in daily life, saving energy. On the back of the vein-shaped solar panel collector, a number of independent heat pipes are placed in imitation of the distribution of leaf veins. The branch heat pipes are close to the main heat pipes and communicate with each other. The back shell is made of steel, with an opening for the heat pipe’s heat release end and a vacuum opening, the front cover is a glass plate, and the heat collecting plate is placed between the back shell and the front cover, and several hollow glass pillars will collect The board is suspended in the middle. The four sides of the front cover are sealed on the back shell with adhesive, and the heat pipe’s exothermic end and the opening of the back shell are also insulated and sealed. After the adhesive is completely cured, the vacuum is drawn, and the design of the bionic leaf vein solar flat panel collector It's finished. The working principle is: vacuum light transmission and heat preservation, but the container is difficult to design; the bionic vein-shaped solar panel solar collector has high sunlight utilization rate, which is a priority; the steel shell has a certain strength and has a certain deformation ability; the glass hollow pillar conducts heat Low, light-transmitting, and static pressure-resistant; the purpose is to clamp and suspend the heat collector plate in a vacuum. Small heat capacity, low heat loss, and high thermal conductivity can ensure high-quality heat output.

Figure 1 is a system diagram of heat collection, circulation, heat storage and heat engine, and the left half of the figure is the heat collection cycle part. The design idea is: each heat collector transfers the collected solar light and heat to the heat collection pipe through the heat release end of the heat pipe, and the heat energy is sent to the heat storage tank through the circulation pipe.

Low temperature heat engine part. Select the appropriate low-temperature working substance and the appropriate air motor to build a high-efficiency low-temperature heat engine, which drives a generator to generate electricity or a compressor for refrigeration.

Figure 1 is a system diagram of heat collection, circulation, heat storage and heat engine, and the right half of the figure is the low-temperature heat engine part. The design principle is: extract the high-temperature working liquid from the heat storage tank, and heat the low-boiling point working substance in the heating heat exchanger to make it change from a high-pressure and low-temperature liquid to a high-pressure and high-temperature gas. The high-pressure and high-temperature gas drives the pneumatic device to operate, and the output Mechanical energy, the outlet of the pneumatic device is connected to a cooling and condensing heat exchanger, which is beneficial to reduce the temperature of the exhaust steam, increase the temperature difference, increase the pressure difference, increase the output power of mechanical energy, and make the exhaust steam condense into a liquid state, and finally the liquid working substance is condensed by the circulating pump Return to the heating heat exchanger.

The control circuit part of the utility model. By controlling the various working parts of the system to make them work normally and coordinately, the safety protection of the system is realized. The design idea is: according to the temperature of each point, determine the working state of the collector circulation pump. For example, when the temperature of the collector is not higher than the temperature of the heat storage tank by 5°C, the circulation pump stops working; Close) The clutch between the heat engine and the compressor; when the temperature of the heat storage tank is lower than 90°C, the heat engine stops working.

In the heat exchanger part, the heat engine operates with hot water as power, and multiple heat exchangers are required to provide high and low pressure working gas. The heating heat exchanger adopts a convection sleeve heat exchanger or a shell and tube heat exchanger to make full use of heat energy ; Cooling condensing heat exchanger adopts surface wetting evaporative heat exchanger to achieve better cooling effect.

The inventor studies solar energy application technologies such as solar pool power generation and heat pipes, and considers whether to design a set of low-cost and high-efficiency solar energy that can be applied to urban buildings and adapt to various architectural shapes. The principle of heat application system is: use the surface of walls and roofs to absorb solar energy and convert it into heat energy, heat energy into mechanical energy, and mechanical energy can drive generators to generate electricity, or compressors for heating and cooling. This also solves the problem of energy storage. The cost of electric energy storage is high, while the cost of thermal energy storage is low and the technical requirements are low. The problem of electricity storage is transformed into the problem of heat storage.

Claims (10)

1. A solar heat collection conversion system is characterized in that: the solar heat collector, heat storage box, evaporator, steam turbine and condenser are connected sequentially by pipelines, the condenser is also provided with water pipes, the solar heat collector and The first pipe between the regenerators and the second pipe between the heat storage tank and the evaporator contain high-boiling medium, and the third pipe between the evaporator and the steam turbine contains low-boiling medium. Delivery pumps are arranged on the second pipeline and the third pipeline. 2. The solar heat collection and conversion system according to claim 1, characterized in that there is at least one solar heat collector. 3. The solar heat collection and conversion system according to claim 2, wherein the solar heat collector is a vein-shaped solar flat plate heat collector. 4. The solar heat collection and conversion system according to claim 3, characterized in that: the vein-shaped solar panel heat collector comprises an airtight casing, the cover of the casing is a transparent glass cover, and the casing is provided with The heat-collecting plate is provided with a heat-conducting pipe on the back of the heat-collecting plate, and the heat-conducting pipe extends out of the box. 5. The solar heat collection and conversion system according to claim 4, characterized in that: the box body includes a metal back shell (3) and a glass cover plate (1), and the heat collecting plate (2) is packaged in the box body, A heat pipe (8) is arranged on the back of the heat collecting plate, and the heat pipe (8) protrudes out of the metal back shell to form a heat pipe exothermic end (5). There is a low-boiling point medium, the front of the heat collecting plate is provided with a front glass pillar (4), and the rear glass pillar (10) is arranged in the metal back shell, the heat collecting plate is placed on the rear glass pillar (10), and the metal back shell is set There is a vacuum reserved tube (7), and there is an adhesive between the glass cover plate and the metal back shell. 6. The solar heat collection and conversion system according to claim 5, characterized in that: the heat pipe (8) of the vein-shaped solar flat panel heat collector is a vein-shaped heat pipe, and the vein-shaped heat pipe is formed by the main pipe (8) Consists of with the branch pipe (11) communicated with the supervisor. 7. The solar heat collection conversion system according to claim 6, characterized in that: the heat pipe (8) is a superconducting heat pipe, and the metal back shell is a steel shell. 8. The solar heat collection and conversion system according to claim 7, characterized in that: the front glass pillar and the rear glass pillar are hollow glass pillars. 9. The solar heat collection and conversion system according to claim 8, characterized in that: an insulation layer (10) is arranged outside the heat release end of the heat pipe. 10. The solar heat collection and conversion system according to claim 9, characterized in that: an installation hanging groove (9) is provided on the back of the metal rear shell.

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