CN1709834A - Method for repairing urban house refuse compost heavy-metal composite pollution by synergistic lawn plant - Google Patents
Method for repairing urban house refuse compost heavy-metal composite pollution by synergistic lawn plant Download PDFInfo
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- CN1709834A CN1709834A CNA2005100135353A CN200510013535A CN1709834A CN 1709834 A CN1709834 A CN 1709834A CN A2005100135353 A CNA2005100135353 A CN A2005100135353A CN 200510013535 A CN200510013535 A CN 200510013535A CN 1709834 A CN1709834 A CN 1709834A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
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Abstract
The invention relates to the method of a kind of using synergizing lawn plant to restore the heavy metal compound pollution in city life waste compost. In the period from seeding to mowing of grasses on lawn, fertilize EDTA into the waste compost base substance as per 5 - 30 mmol/kg; through fertilize EDTA, increase the extracting effect of lawn grasses to heavy metal in city life waste compost base substance, to make the effect of lawn glasses corresponding to the effect of heavy metal super-enriching plant. The application of the invention can not only rebuild waste compost industry, and realize the effective resource use of waste compost, but also provide scientific basis for complexing restoration of lawn grasses to heavy metal pollution area.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to environmental pollution recovery project technical field, particularly a kind of synergistic lawn plant method for repairing urban house refuse compost heavy-metal composite pollution.Join EDTA by executing, increase the extracting effect of turfgrass, make the turfgrass role be equivalent to the effect of heavy metal super-enriched plant heavy metal in the producing fertilizer from refuse in daily life matrix.Application of the present invention not only can be regenerated the garbage compost industry, and provides scientific basis to the turfgrass complexing reparation in heavy metal contamination zone.
Technical background:
The pollution that domestic waste (calling rubbish in the following text) the causes serious environmental problems that become international makes the garbage as resource utilization be subjected to the common concern of international community.China's rubbish volume of cargo in storage over the years has surpassed 6,000,000,000 tons, and recycling then is lower than 5%, and most rubbish are in idle chaotic stacking state.
Garbage compost is an important channel of recycling.In in the past 20 years, garbage compost is agricultural commonplace.In the last few years, the research of heavy metal toxicity effect problem had been subjected to generally paying attention to.Heavy metal contaminants is stable in environment, and is big to bio-toxicity.For this reason, people also come to realise contains plurality of heavy metal in the garbage compost, can enrichment in crop, and finally enter the food chain enrichment, harm humans health.
We are by studying the heavy metal content in Hebei, Tianjin and the huge port two district's garbage composts.The result is consistent with above-mentioned conclusion: wherein, Mn is respectively 53.06 and 22.20 times of soil, and Ni is respectively 66.80 and 18.40 times of soil, and Cu is respectively 795.67 and 59.33 times of soil, Zn is respectively 551.56 and 194.44 times of soil, and Pb is respectively 573.67 times and 50.00 times of soil.In addition, the concentration of Cd and Cr also is 197.00 and 389.93 times of environment I class standard.As seen, in the garbage compost contents of heavy metal elements all far above soil, thereby illustrated that the heavy-metal composite pollution in the garbage compost may be that it is as one of agricultural maximum restraining factors.Garbage compost enterprise gets down from horse one after another now, and a large amount of garbage composts are by idle.Therefore, the meaning that the research of the heavy metal restorative procedure in the garbage compost is had particularly important.
Although relevant plant is to the existing wide coverage of the research of the repair of heavy metal, these results of study show: most plant shoots divide to the accumulation ability of heavy metal often than a little less than the underground part many.In addition, people also find under study for action: occurring in nature has some plants that a certain class heavy metal in the soil is had extremely strong accumulation ability, and we can be called the super enriching plant of heavy metal.It is to be noted: super enriching plant is in the repair process of matrix heavy metal, also exist very big problem, few as super enriching plant the upperground part biomass, its poor growth, heavy metal there are shortcomings such as single-minded selection absorption, relatively poor to the repairing effect of the matrix of heavy-metal composite pollution.
EDTA (disodium EDTA) has stronger metal complex ability, often is used as the extraction agent of organic complex attitude metal.In soil pollution is administered, execute and join EDTA, can improve absorption, the accumulation of plant, thereby improve phytoremediation efficient and shorten repairing efficiency heavy metal.The lawn is reducing pollution, and protection environment aspect has special ecological significance.It is strong that turfgrass has an adaptive faculty, fast growth, and reproducibility is strong, overground part output advantages of higher.Remove a large amount of ground biomass by cradling turfgrass, can progressively extract the heavy metal in the matrix out as " extraction pump ".Cradle the turfgrass that is rich in heavy metal that gets off and to carry out security landfill, or through certain method, heavy metal is extracted be used.
If join EDTA by executing, can increase the extracting effect of turfgrass to heavy metal in the garbage compost matrix, make the effect of turfgrass just be equivalent to best super enriching heavy metal plant; So, in actual applications, compare with other plant, turfgrass can more effectively reach the repair to the matrix heavy metal.This technology not only can be from the garbage compost industry of shaking, and provides scientific basis to the turfgrass complexing reparation in heavy metal contamination zone.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of synergistic lawn plant method for repairing urban house refuse compost heavy-metal composite pollution.It is to join EDTA by executing, and increases the extracting effect of turfgrass to heavy metal in the producing fertilizer from refuse in daily life matrix, makes turfgrass become the plant of super enriching heavy metal.The present invention use can not only highly effective reparation compost rubbish in heavy metal contamination, realize the domestic waste resource utilization, regenerate the garbage compost industry, and also can provide scientific basis the turfgrass complexing reparation in heavy metal contamination zone.
The present invention includes following steps:
1) to the producing fertilizer from refuse in daily life of heavy metal contamination, (sieve that 1 cm x the is 1 centimetre) sorting of sieving is in order to making the turfgrass culture medium.
2) with the turfgrass English ryegrass (Latin is by name: Lolium perenne.L) or Festuca Arundinacea (Latin is by name: Festuca arundinacea.L) evenly sowing is on garbage compost matrix for the turfgrass seed, and thickness of sowing is respectively 35.0g/m
2-40.0g/m
2The rye grass thickness of sowing is 35.0g/m
2, the Festuca Arundinacea thickness of sowing is 40.0g/m
2
3) in sowing with during before turfgrass cradles, disodium EDTA (EDTA) executed being fitted in the matrix, execute and join 5-30mmol/kg; Preferred EDTA executes the ingredients amount and is: every kilogram of garbage compost is between 15mmol-35mmol/kg.Executing the time of joining EDTA can be chosen in later stage of turfgrass growth, executes in preceding 10 days that cradle to be fitted in the matrix.
4) the turfgrass cultivation should keep matrix that moisture is preferably arranged, and other is undertaken by lawn, common lawn management expectancy.
5) treat that the turfgrass plant-growth to one and a half months to three month, cradles the turfgrass overground part, measure the content of Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb heavy metal in the turfgrass; And the heavy metal content of compost rubbish background Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb analyzed.Its method is carried out determination and analysis (ICP-AES method) with inductance coupled plasma atomic emission spectrum.
6) cradle the turfgrass that is rich in heavy metal that gets off and dry and be transferred to other local concentrating and burn, carry out security landfill, or heavy metal extracted be used.
Described EDTA executes the ingredients amount and can select:
(1) turfgrass growing period:
The plantation rye grass growth 1-1.5 month, compost rubbish background contains Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb, and corresponding the best is executed the ingredients amount and is respectively 20,30,20,30,20,10 and 20mmol/kg.
The plantation growth of Festuca elata 1-1.5 month, compost rubbish background contains Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb, and corresponding the best is executed the ingredients amount and is respectively 10,20,10,10,10,10 and 10mmol/kg.
(2) during the seeding lawn grass:
The sowing rye grass, the described amount of joining EDTA of executing is: compost rubbish background contains Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb, and correspondence is executed the ingredients amount and is respectively 30,30,30,30,20,30 and 10mmol/kg;
The sowing Festuca Arundinacea, the described amount of joining EDTA of executing is: compost rubbish background contains Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb, and correspondence is executed the ingredients amount and is respectively 30,20,20,20,20,10 and 10mmol/kg.
EDTA executes simultaneously in sowing and is fitted in the composting substrate, and the ability of its turfgrass enriching heavy metal is the strongest.Execute the EDTA that joins lower concentration simultaneously and also can play promoter action the growth of turfgrass; Join concentration when surpassing 15mmol/kg when EDTA executes, the growth of turfgrass is subjected to certain restriction, but turfgrass enriching heavy metal ability is then increased (see figure 1) significantly.
The suitable heavy metal of repairing in the garbage compost of the reparation dosage of EDTA and turfgrass.Two grass seeds have higher patience to the heavy metal in the garbage compost, and can normal growth in garbage compost (see Fig. 1, rye grass is executed the amount of joining EDTA from left to right successively: 0, and 5mmol/kg, 10mmol/kg, 15mmol/kg, turfgrass overground part growth conditions; Festuca Arundinacea is also consistent therewith).Executing two grass seeds of joining EDTA increases significantly to the accumulation ability of heavy metal.
The present invention executes and joins EDTA, strengthens the accumulation ability of lawn plant to heavy metal, and utilizes lawn plant to have powerful regenerability, repairs heavy-metal composite pollution in the compost rubbish, and effect is highly effective.Therefore, select the heavy metal contamination in the turfgrass reparation compost rubbish matrix for use, can cradle after several batches at turfgrass, the heavy metal in the progressively extracting matrix plays the phytoremediation effect.This is not only directly for heavy-metal composite pollution turfgrass reparation in the compost rubbish and realize that the garbage as resource utilization provides scientific basis, but also the turfgrass reparation that can be the heavy metal contamination district provide with reference to and reference.
Technology of the present invention is simple, and cost is low; Repairing effect to the heavy-metal composite pollution garbage compost is good; Can be applicable to the improvement of extensive heavy-metal composite pollution garbage compost preferably.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 executes simultaneously in sowing and joins EDTA in composting substrate, and the growth of rye grass is dynamic.
Fig. 2 sows when joining EDTA in fact simultaneously, and various dose EDTA rye grass is to the enriching quantity of heavy metal.
Fig. 3 sows when joining EDTA in fact simultaneously, and various dose EDTA Festuca Arundinacea is to the enriching quantity of heavy metal.
Embodiment:
Embodiment 1:
To taking from the compost rubbish of Tianjin Xiao Dian destructor plant, the sorting of sieving (sieve that 1 cm x is 1 centimetre), and put into baking oven, dry to constant weight under 80 ℃ of conditions, in order to making the turfgrass culture medium.With the ICP-AES method compost rubbish background Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, heavy metal content such as Cd, Pb are analyzed (the results are shown in Table 1).With disodium EDTA (EDTA) is that turfgrass is to the extractive sequestrant of compost rubbish matrix heavy metal.Festuca Arundinacea and English ryegrass that turf grass species selects for use China northeast, northwest and North China extensively to adopt.
It is 30g that turfgrass is cultivated compost rubbish substrates quantity, and culture vessel is that diameter is the culture dish of 10cm.Two kinds of turfgrass seed amounts of broadcasting are 100.0,10.0,20.0,30.Ommol/kg EDTA executes the dosage processing horizontal and is respectively:, and after planting 26 days, execute being fitted in the matrix.Experiment is 3 repetitions.Turfgrass is incubated on the laboratory experiment platform and carries out, and light is to be injected into indoor natural light, and intensity is the 1800-20001 lux, and temperature is 16 ℃-30 ℃, and relative humidity is 40%-70%.Unify quantitative water supply every day, aqueous condition is preferably arranged to keep the turfgrass culture medium.
From sowing,, cradle the turfgrass overground part to the 53rd day.To cradle the remaining careless sample of turfgrass under 80 ℃ of conditions, dry about lO hour can be to constant weight.Turfgrass heavy metal content measuring method is used the ICP-AES method equally, and the heavy metal of mensuration comprises: Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb.Execute two grass seeds of joining EDTA to the accumulation ability of heavy metal become significantly to increase (execute join EDTA after, turfgrass to heavy metal accumulation power increase enrichment multiple=execute join under the EDTA turfgrass to turfgrass under the coefficient of concentration/no EDTA of heavy metal to the coefficient of concentration of heavy metal).
Contents of heavy metal elements (ug/g) in the table 1. garbage compost background
| The rubbish source | Heavy metal element | ||||||
| ??Cr | ??Mn | ????Ni | ????Cu | ??Zn | ????Cd | ????Pb | |
| Little shallow lake | ??38.9 | ??530.6 | ????33.4 | ????238.7 | ??496.4 | ????2.0 | ????172.1 |
The experimental result of embodiment 1 shows:
Join EDTA not executing, the ability of two kinds of turfgrass enriching heavy metals is all relatively low.Execute and join EDTA, two kinds of turfgrasss obviously increase the accumulation ability of heavy metal.Execute and join the EDTA rye grass accumulation ability of each heavy metal is all strengthened significantly, Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb increase the enrichment multiple and are respectively: 4.68,1.73,6.56,7.19,3.65,9.68 and 11.17 times.Execute and join the EDTA Festuca Arundinacea accumulation ability of each heavy metal also is being improved in varying degrees, Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb increase multiple and are respectively: 6.15,1.47,5.43,4.44,5.24,1.33 and 2.86 times.Although two grass seeds execute join EDTA after, the accumulation ability of each heavy metal is all obviously strengthened, execute and join EDTA the rye grass effect is better than Festuca Arundinacea.
What deserves to be mentioned is, execute simultaneously and join that the EDTA of lower concentration also can play promoter action to the growth of turfgrass; Join concentration when surpassing 15mmol/kg when EDTA executes, the growth of turfgrass is subjected to certain restriction, but turfgrass enriching heavy metal ability is then increased significantly.
Embodiment 2 (the same EXAMPLE l of concrete grammar, but EDTA executes the asynchronism(-nization) of joining):
To getting the compost rubbish of Jinshi City on daytime little shallow lake destructor plant, the sorting of sieving, and put into baking oven, dry to constant weight under 80 ℃ of conditions, in order to making the turfgrass culture medium.With the ICP-AES method compost rubbish background Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb seven heavy metal species content are analyzed.With disodium EDTA (EDTA) is that turfgrass is to the extractive sequestrant of compost rubbish matrix heavy metal.Festuca Arundinacea and English ryegrass that turf grass species selects for use northern China to adopt usually.
Turfgrass is cultivated, and compost rubbish substrates quantity is 30g, and culture vessel is that diameter is the culture dish of lOcm.Two kinds of turfgrass seed amounts of broadcasting are 100.Two kinds of turfgrass EDTA execute the ingredients amount and are: O, 10.0,20.O, 30.Ommol/kg.EDTA executes simultaneously in sowing and is fitted in the matrix.Experiment is 3 repetitions.Turfgrass is incubated on the laboratory experiment platform and carries out, and light is to be injected into indoor natural light, and intensity is the 1800-20001 lux, and temperature is 16 ℃-30 ℃, and relative humidity is 40%-70%.Unify quantitative water supply every day, aqueous condition is preferably arranged to keep the turfgrass culture medium.
From seed germination,, cradle the turfgrass overground part to the 47th day.To cradle the remaining careless sample of turfgrass under 80 ℃ of conditions, dry about 10 hours can be to constant weight.Turfgrass heavy metal content measuring method is used the ICP-AES method equally, and the heavy metal of mensuration comprises: Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb.
Execute and join EDTA two grass seeds the accumulation ability of heavy metal is all significantly strengthened (seeing Fig. 2, Fig. 3).Fig. 2: when sowing was joined EDTA simultaneously in fact, various dose EDTA rye grass was to the enriching quantity of heavy metal.Fig. 3: when sowing was joined EDTA simultaneously in fact, various dose EDTA Festuca Arundinacea was to the enriching quantity of heavy metal.Execute and join the EDTA rye grass accumulation ability of each heavy metal is all strengthened significantly, Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb increase the enrichment multiple and are respectively: 26.23,7.27,20.03,12.76,10.49,46.88 and 31.68 times.Execute and join the EDTA Festuca Arundinacea accumulation ability of each heavy metal all is being improved in varying degrees, Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb increase multiple and are respectively: 15.51,4.01,5.19,6.69,11.65,1.27 and 1.57 times.Although two grass seeds execute join EDTA after, the accumulation ability of each heavy metal is all obviously strengthened, execute and join EDTA the rye grass effect is better than Festuca Arundinacea.
Show by above-mentioned two embodiment:
Some heavy-metal composite pollution problem is more serious in the compost rubbish.Although relevant turfgrass plant is to the more existing reports of the repair of heavy metal, these result of study majorities are: a little less than plant shoot divides accumulation ability to heavy metal than underground part many.Compare with other super enriching plant, it is strong that lawn plant has an adaptive faculty, fast growth, and reproducibility is strong, overground part output advantages of higher.Select the heavy-metal composite pollution in the turfgrass reparation compost rubbish matrix for use, can cradle after several batches at turfgrass, the heavy metal in the progressively extracting matrix plays the phytoremediation effect.Cradle the turfgrass that is rich in heavy metal that gets off and to carry out security landfill, or through certain method, heavy metal is extracted be used.This result of study shows: execute and join EDTA, strengthen the accumulation ability of lawn plant to heavy metal, to repairing heavy-metal composite pollution in the compost rubbish, effect is highly effective.This research is not only directly for heavy-metal composite pollution turfgrass reparation in the compost rubbish and realize that the garbage compost utilization provides foundation, but also the turfgrass reparation that can be the heavy-metal composite pollution district is offered reference.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of synergistic lawn plant method for repairing urban house refuse compost heavy-metal composite pollution is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
1) give the producing fertilizer from refuse in daily life of handling heavy-metal composite pollution, the sorting of sieving is in order to making the turfgrass culture medium;
2) turfgrass English ryegrass or tall fescue turf grass seed are evenly sowed on garbage compost matrix, thickness of sowing is respectively 35.0g/m
2-40.0g/m
2
3) in sowing with during before turfgrass cradles, disodium EDTA (EDTA) executed being fitted in the garbage compost matrix, execute and join 5-30mmol/kg;
4) the turfgrass cultivation keeps the moisture of matrix, and other is undertaken by lawn, common lawn management expectancy;
5) treat that the turfgrass plant-growth to one and a half months to three month, cradles the turfgrass overground part, measure the content of Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb heavy metal in the turfgrass; And the heavy metal content of compost rubbish background Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb analyzed;
6) cradle the turfgrass that is rich in heavy metal that gets off and dry and be transferred to other local concentrating and burn, carry out security landfill, or heavy metal extracted be used.
2, in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that later stage, executed in preceding 10 days that cradle and to join EDTA in matrix in turfgrass growth.
3, in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that described EDTA executes the ingredients amount and is: every kilogram of garbage compost is between 15mmol-35mmol/kg.
4, in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that described EDTA executes the ingredients amount and is: the plantation rye grass growth 1-1.5 month, compost rubbish background contains Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb, and correspondence is executed the ingredients amount and is respectively 20,30,20,30,20,10 and 20mmol/kg.
5, in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that described EDTA executes the ingredients amount and is: the plantation growth of Festuca elata 1-1.5 month, compost rubbish background contains Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb, and correspondence is executed the ingredients amount and is respectively 10,20,10,10,10,10 and 10mmol/kg.
6, in accordance with the method for claim 1, executing the amount of joining EDTA when it is characterized in that described sowing is: the plantation rye grass, compost rubbish background contains Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb, and correspondence is executed the ingredients amount and is respectively 30,30,30,30,20,30 and 10mmol/kg;
7, in accordance with the method for claim 1, executing the amount of joining EDTA when it is characterized in that described sowing is: the plantation Festuca Arundinacea, compost rubbish background contains Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb, and correspondence is executed the ingredients amount and is respectively 30,20,20,20,20,10 and 10mmol/kg.
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